{"title":"Erratum: Single-fiber Electromyography in Patients with Diabetic Neuropathy","authors":"","doi":"10.4103/MJBL.Erratum_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/MJBL.Erratum_1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18326,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Babylon","volume":"20 1","pages":"219 - 219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49293044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_241_22
Qasim S. Al-Mayah, A. Umayra, Jabbar S. Hassan
Background: From the time when the first outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), only a small proportion of infected people developed a severe infection, which is usually a sequel of cytokine overproduction. Genetic variations in the genes of some cytokines can influence the transcription rate of these cytokines. Objective: The going research article tried to evaluate the link between tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-308 gene polymorphism and COVID-19 severity. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 60 patients with COVID-19 and verified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in nasopharyngeal swabs. Patients were categorized into two categories based on the severity of the disease: severe COVID-19 included 30 patients and mild/moderate COVID-19 with 30 patients. The nucleic DNA was obtained from the whole blood, and TNF-α-308G>A polymorphism was genotyped utilizing PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: Homozygous (GG) and heterozygous (GA) genotypes were more frequent among severe than among mild cases, although the differences were not significant. At the allelic level, the frequency of a mutant allele (A) was higher in severe than in mild cases with a noticeable distinction (odds ratio = 2.49, 95% confidence interval = 1.1–5.64, P = 0.029). Conclusion: Allele A of TNF-α-308G>A may be deemed a threat for the severity of COVID-19.
{"title":"Association of TNF-α-308G/A gene polymorphism with coronavirus disease-19 severity","authors":"Qasim S. Al-Mayah, A. Umayra, Jabbar S. Hassan","doi":"10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_241_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_241_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: From the time when the first outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), only a small proportion of infected people developed a severe infection, which is usually a sequel of cytokine overproduction. Genetic variations in the genes of some cytokines can influence the transcription rate of these cytokines. Objective: The going research article tried to evaluate the link between tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-308 gene polymorphism and COVID-19 severity. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 60 patients with COVID-19 and verified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in nasopharyngeal swabs. Patients were categorized into two categories based on the severity of the disease: severe COVID-19 included 30 patients and mild/moderate COVID-19 with 30 patients. The nucleic DNA was obtained from the whole blood, and TNF-α-308G>A polymorphism was genotyped utilizing PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: Homozygous (GG) and heterozygous (GA) genotypes were more frequent among severe than among mild cases, although the differences were not significant. At the allelic level, the frequency of a mutant allele (A) was higher in severe than in mild cases with a noticeable distinction (odds ratio = 2.49, 95% confidence interval = 1.1–5.64, P = 0.029). Conclusion: Allele A of TNF-α-308G>A may be deemed a threat for the severity of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":18326,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Babylon","volume":"20 1","pages":"54 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42220127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_240_22
R. Ali, B. Diab, Fawaz D. Alaswad
Background: The installation of dental implants may impair the temporomandibular joint’s ability to operate by altering bite force. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare dental implant patients with partially and fully dentate patients in terms of temporomandibular joint issues related to maximal bite force measurement. Materials and Methods: Ninety patients with dental implants aged 50–60 years old were compared to 90 with partial and 90 with complete dentition patients who were age and gender matched. The incidence and severity of temporomandibular joint problems among patients were assessed using Helkimo anamnestic and clinical dysfunction indices. By using a biting force sensor, maximum occlusal bite force was measured in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions as reported at a US-based corporation. Statistical analysis of data was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, version 22.0 (SPSS, Chicago, Illinois). Results: According to the data, patients in the fully dentate group had larger percentages of Helkimo anamnestic symptom-free and clinically no dysfunction than those patients in implant and partially edentulous groups. Patients in the partially edentulous group were more likely to have Helkimo anamnestic mild and severe symptoms, as well as clinical mild, moderate, and severe dysfunction than patients in the other two groups. These data, however, did not show a statistically significant association. Data analysis revealed that maximum bite force measurements were significantly different between groups for all Helkimo anamnestic and clinical indices. Conclusion: Following oral implant therapy, the function of the temporomandibular joint was affected. In addition, bite force measures decreased as temporomandibular disorder symptoms became more severe.
{"title":"Temporomandibular joint disorders among implant patients in relation to bite force","authors":"R. Ali, B. Diab, Fawaz D. Alaswad","doi":"10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_240_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_240_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The installation of dental implants may impair the temporomandibular joint’s ability to operate by altering bite force. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare dental implant patients with partially and fully dentate patients in terms of temporomandibular joint issues related to maximal bite force measurement. Materials and Methods: Ninety patients with dental implants aged 50–60 years old were compared to 90 with partial and 90 with complete dentition patients who were age and gender matched. The incidence and severity of temporomandibular joint problems among patients were assessed using Helkimo anamnestic and clinical dysfunction indices. By using a biting force sensor, maximum occlusal bite force was measured in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions as reported at a US-based corporation. Statistical analysis of data was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, version 22.0 (SPSS, Chicago, Illinois). Results: According to the data, patients in the fully dentate group had larger percentages of Helkimo anamnestic symptom-free and clinically no dysfunction than those patients in implant and partially edentulous groups. Patients in the partially edentulous group were more likely to have Helkimo anamnestic mild and severe symptoms, as well as clinical mild, moderate, and severe dysfunction than patients in the other two groups. These data, however, did not show a statistically significant association. Data analysis revealed that maximum bite force measurements were significantly different between groups for all Helkimo anamnestic and clinical indices. Conclusion: Following oral implant therapy, the function of the temporomandibular joint was affected. In addition, bite force measures decreased as temporomandibular disorder symptoms became more severe.","PeriodicalId":18326,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Babylon","volume":"20 1","pages":"48 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42654385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_305_22
A. Al-Mosawi, F. Al-Joborae, Huda Al-Joborae, M. Al-Saadi, Alaa H. Al-Charrakh
Background: Hydatidosis is caused by infection with the larval stage of the Cestode Echinococcus granulosus. Objective: In vitro quantitative evaluation of interleukin 6 (IL-6), INF-gamma (INF-γ), and CD4 and CD8 molecules during hydatidosis infection and control group. Materials and Methods: In vitro quantitative determination of IL-6, INF-γ, and CD4 and CD8 molecules in serum of hydatidosis-infected patients using serological test Sandwich-ELISA. Results: The result showed a significant difference in serum IL-6 in patients with hydatidosis than in the control group (38.753 ± 18.307 pg/mL) and 11.752 ± 3.328, respectively; the differences were highly significant (P < 0.0001). The mean of serum CD4 molecules concentration was 5.475 ± 2.335 (ng/mL) and 3.154 ± 1.027 (ng/mL) for controls groups with P value ≤ 0.0001, while serum concentration of soluble CD8 was 2.977 ± 1.321 (ng/mL) and 1.152 ± 0.699 (ng/mL) for control group with (P value ≤ 0.0001). The ratio of CD4/CD8 was 1.841 in hydatidosis infection patients compared with control group (2.737). Conclusion: Immunological parameters included in the present study (IL-6, IFN-γ, CD4 and CD8) showed high levels among patients with hydatidosis infection compared to healthy control.
{"title":"Cytokines profile in patients with hydatidosis in Babylon Province, Iraq","authors":"A. Al-Mosawi, F. Al-Joborae, Huda Al-Joborae, M. Al-Saadi, Alaa H. Al-Charrakh","doi":"10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_305_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_305_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hydatidosis is caused by infection with the larval stage of the Cestode Echinococcus granulosus. Objective: In vitro quantitative evaluation of interleukin 6 (IL-6), INF-gamma (INF-γ), and CD4 and CD8 molecules during hydatidosis infection and control group. Materials and Methods: In vitro quantitative determination of IL-6, INF-γ, and CD4 and CD8 molecules in serum of hydatidosis-infected patients using serological test Sandwich-ELISA. Results: The result showed a significant difference in serum IL-6 in patients with hydatidosis than in the control group (38.753 ± 18.307 pg/mL) and 11.752 ± 3.328, respectively; the differences were highly significant (P < 0.0001). The mean of serum CD4 molecules concentration was 5.475 ± 2.335 (ng/mL) and 3.154 ± 1.027 (ng/mL) for controls groups with P value ≤ 0.0001, while serum concentration of soluble CD8 was 2.977 ± 1.321 (ng/mL) and 1.152 ± 0.699 (ng/mL) for control group with (P value ≤ 0.0001). The ratio of CD4/CD8 was 1.841 in hydatidosis infection patients compared with control group (2.737). Conclusion: Immunological parameters included in the present study (IL-6, IFN-γ, CD4 and CD8) showed high levels among patients with hydatidosis infection compared to healthy control.","PeriodicalId":18326,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Babylon","volume":"20 1","pages":"212 - 214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45926251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_266_22
Noor Swadi, B. Edan, Ali Rahim, R. Ali
Background: Whether through spontaneous conception or through the use of assisted reproductive technologies, thyroid dysfunction is prevalent in women of childbearing age and may negatively impact fertility and pregnancy. As follicular fluid (FF) more accurately depicts the milieu surrounding the developing oocyte, it most likely offers a better assessment of exposures that might have an impact on reproductive outcomes. Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the correlation of FF thyroid hormone (TH) (T4 and T3) levels with the intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes. Materials and Methods: The study was designed as an analytic cross-sectional study. Fifty subfertile couples from the in-vitro fertilization center attenders were involved in the study in whom ICSI was done for them and then compared between outcomes in relation to FF-T4 and FF-T3. Results: FF-T4 correlates positively with metaphase II (MII) and 2-PN with a P-value=0.04 and 0.03, respectively, in a statistically significant way, whereas FF-T3 correlates positively with oocyte number: MII in a statistically significant way (P-value=0.01) for both and with 2-PN in a statistically significant way (P-value=0.0). Additionally, there was a significant positive association between FF-T4 and anti-mullerian hormone and follicle stimulating hormone with a P-value of 0.05 and between FF-T3 and E2 with a P-value of 0.02. Conclusion: Folliculogenesis and oogenesis may be significantly influenced by THs. The FF also contains T3 and T4, which could have an immediate impact on the oocyte.
{"title":"Follicular fluid thyroid hormones (T4 and T3) levels and ICSI outcomes","authors":"Noor Swadi, B. Edan, Ali Rahim, R. Ali","doi":"10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_266_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_266_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Whether through spontaneous conception or through the use of assisted reproductive technologies, thyroid dysfunction is prevalent in women of childbearing age and may negatively impact fertility and pregnancy. As follicular fluid (FF) more accurately depicts the milieu surrounding the developing oocyte, it most likely offers a better assessment of exposures that might have an impact on reproductive outcomes. Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the correlation of FF thyroid hormone (TH) (T4 and T3) levels with the intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes. Materials and Methods: The study was designed as an analytic cross-sectional study. Fifty subfertile couples from the in-vitro fertilization center attenders were involved in the study in whom ICSI was done for them and then compared between outcomes in relation to FF-T4 and FF-T3. Results: FF-T4 correlates positively with metaphase II (MII) and 2-PN with a P-value=0.04 and 0.03, respectively, in a statistically significant way, whereas FF-T3 correlates positively with oocyte number: MII in a statistically significant way (P-value=0.01) for both and with 2-PN in a statistically significant way (P-value=0.0). Additionally, there was a significant positive association between FF-T4 and anti-mullerian hormone and follicle stimulating hormone with a P-value of 0.05 and between FF-T3 and E2 with a P-value of 0.02. Conclusion: Folliculogenesis and oogenesis may be significantly influenced by THs. The FF also contains T3 and T4, which could have an immediate impact on the oocyte.","PeriodicalId":18326,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Babylon","volume":"20 1","pages":"81 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47710830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_329_22
Ahmed Almuttairi, A. Abdulla
Background: Clinical management of bacterial infections has faced significant difficulties in recent years due to the advent and spread of multiple drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Worldwide, nosocomial infections are brought on by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a clinically significant Pseudomonas species. Objectives: This research aimed to identify class 1, 2, and 3 integrons in P. aeruginosa in Babylon, Iraq. Materials and Methods: From February 2022 to October 2022, 131 isolates from various sites including (burn, wound, and urine) were collected from different hospitals in Babylon Province for both genders and ages. These isolates were identified using traditional techniques as well as the Vitek 2 system (bioMerieux, France). Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were subjected to disc diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Class 1, 2, and 3 integron-specific primers were used in the polymerase chain reaction technique for the molecular identification of integron genes. Results: Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates that were 131 (100%) had integron class 1. On the contrary, only five (3.81%) contained a class 2 integron. There was no presence of class 3 integron in any isolate. Conclusion: The MDR P. aeruginosa was highly prevalent (100%) and this suggested that the availability of class 1 integrons in our area was alarmingly high, showing the need for epidemiological monitoring.
{"title":"Occurrence of class 1, 2, and 3 integrons among multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Babylon Province, Iraq","authors":"Ahmed Almuttairi, A. Abdulla","doi":"10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_329_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_329_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Clinical management of bacterial infections has faced significant difficulties in recent years due to the advent and spread of multiple drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Worldwide, nosocomial infections are brought on by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a clinically significant Pseudomonas species. Objectives: This research aimed to identify class 1, 2, and 3 integrons in P. aeruginosa in Babylon, Iraq. Materials and Methods: From February 2022 to October 2022, 131 isolates from various sites including (burn, wound, and urine) were collected from different hospitals in Babylon Province for both genders and ages. These isolates were identified using traditional techniques as well as the Vitek 2 system (bioMerieux, France). Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were subjected to disc diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Class 1, 2, and 3 integron-specific primers were used in the polymerase chain reaction technique for the molecular identification of integron genes. Results: Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates that were 131 (100%) had integron class 1. On the contrary, only five (3.81%) contained a class 2 integron. There was no presence of class 3 integron in any isolate. Conclusion: The MDR P. aeruginosa was highly prevalent (100%) and this suggested that the availability of class 1 integrons in our area was alarmingly high, showing the need for epidemiological monitoring.","PeriodicalId":18326,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Babylon","volume":"20 1","pages":"181 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46213073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: According to the World Health Organization, there were 10.4 million cases of tuberculosis (TB) in 2017 and 1.8 million deaths. The highest prevalence is in Asia, where China, India, Bangladesh, Indonesia, and Pakistan collectively make up over 50% of the global burden. India ranks second in the total number of patients who have diabetes. While the national prevalence of diabetes mellitus in India is estimated at 7.3%, it is higher at 11.2% in urban regions. Objectives: The aim is to determine the association of pulmonary TB with diabetes and anemia. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care rural hospital in central India. The study population was recruited from the DOTS center in the hospital. Complete blood count and blood sugar were carried out. Results: Among 162 patients, 31 were TB-positive. Anemic patients were more significantly at higher odds (odds ratio [OR]=15.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]=3.5, 66.2) of having TB than non-anemic patients. Similarly, diabetic individuals had higher odds (OR=2.3, 95% CI=0.64, 8.1) than non-diabetic individuals for TB, but this association was not statistically significant. Conclusion: In this study, we found a significant association between anemia and TB. Also, there is a probable association between diabetes and TB. So, we suggest that every TB patient be screened for anemia and diabetes.
{"title":"Association of tuberculosis with diabetes and anemia: A hospital-based cross-sectional study from central India","authors":"Anurag Rathi, BharatUmakant Patil, A. Raut","doi":"10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_57_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_57_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: According to the World Health Organization, there were 10.4 million cases of tuberculosis (TB) in 2017 and 1.8 million deaths. The highest prevalence is in Asia, where China, India, Bangladesh, Indonesia, and Pakistan collectively make up over 50% of the global burden. India ranks second in the total number of patients who have diabetes. While the national prevalence of diabetes mellitus in India is estimated at 7.3%, it is higher at 11.2% in urban regions. Objectives: The aim is to determine the association of pulmonary TB with diabetes and anemia. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care rural hospital in central India. The study population was recruited from the DOTS center in the hospital. Complete blood count and blood sugar were carried out. Results: Among 162 patients, 31 were TB-positive. Anemic patients were more significantly at higher odds (odds ratio [OR]=15.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]=3.5, 66.2) of having TB than non-anemic patients. Similarly, diabetic individuals had higher odds (OR=2.3, 95% CI=0.64, 8.1) than non-diabetic individuals for TB, but this association was not statistically significant. Conclusion: In this study, we found a significant association between anemia and TB. Also, there is a probable association between diabetes and TB. So, we suggest that every TB patient be screened for anemia and diabetes.","PeriodicalId":18326,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Babylon","volume":"20 1","pages":"28 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49640366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_246_22
Reber Abdullah, I. Abdulrahman
Background: Early detection of high levels of endothelial biomarkers may help in the design of new strategies to prevent many disease complications, as these biomarkers could enable early prediction of endothelial dysfunction and activation. Objectives: This study aimed to detect the level of circulating cell adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1) in diabetic patients and to investigate its relation to glycemic control, duration of diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: Age and sex-matched case-control study design was adopted, the case group involved (type 2 diabetes mellitus on oral hypoglycemic agent only and free from other medical problems), and the control group was (the healthy people without a family history of diabetes mellitus). The samples were collected between November 2021 and May 2022. Both ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were measured in both groups. Results: A total of 160 individuals were involved (80 cases and 80 controls). The level of both ICAM-1/VCAM-1 was higher in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with a value of P <0.0001. There was a strong association between ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and HbA1c. As the duration of the disease increases, the level of these molecules increases. The level of VCAM-1 in patients with metabolic syndrome was very high, whereas for ICAM-1 a slight increase was observed. Conclusion: Circulating cell adhesion molecules can be considered as a marker for detecting the risk of occurrence of diabetes mellitus and the level of these markers can be helpful in follow-up of cases with diabetes and giving a guide for risk of occurrences of metabolic syndrome.
{"title":"Circulating cell adhesion molecules level in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with glycemic control and metabolic syndrome: A case-control study","authors":"Reber Abdullah, I. Abdulrahman","doi":"10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_246_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_246_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Early detection of high levels of endothelial biomarkers may help in the design of new strategies to prevent many disease complications, as these biomarkers could enable early prediction of endothelial dysfunction and activation. Objectives: This study aimed to detect the level of circulating cell adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1) in diabetic patients and to investigate its relation to glycemic control, duration of diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: Age and sex-matched case-control study design was adopted, the case group involved (type 2 diabetes mellitus on oral hypoglycemic agent only and free from other medical problems), and the control group was (the healthy people without a family history of diabetes mellitus). The samples were collected between November 2021 and May 2022. Both ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were measured in both groups. Results: A total of 160 individuals were involved (80 cases and 80 controls). The level of both ICAM-1/VCAM-1 was higher in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with a value of P <0.0001. There was a strong association between ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and HbA1c. As the duration of the disease increases, the level of these molecules increases. The level of VCAM-1 in patients with metabolic syndrome was very high, whereas for ICAM-1 a slight increase was observed. Conclusion: Circulating cell adhesion molecules can be considered as a marker for detecting the risk of occurrence of diabetes mellitus and the level of these markers can be helpful in follow-up of cases with diabetes and giving a guide for risk of occurrences of metabolic syndrome.","PeriodicalId":18326,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Babylon","volume":"20 1","pages":"64 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47224281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Ali, H. Khalfa, Rasha Al Sahlanee, Hayder Almsaid
Background: As safe natural biopolymer, chitosan is resulting from chitin deacetylation. Owing to its antimicrobial and antifungal effects, chitosan and/or its biological derivatives have gained extensive interest. The antibacterial activity of chitosan exhibits only in a low pH medium since its solubility above pH 6 is poor. Several factors affect chitosan antibacterial action such as chitosan type, polymerization degree, and certain other chemicophysical features. Objectives: The current study was intended to inspect the chitosan injury on hepatic and myocardial cells in rats in different concentrations. Materials and Methods: Chitosan was purchased and prepared at various concentrations. Laboratory Wistar albino rats were orally fed with different concentrations of chitosan. Histological examination of rat liver and cardiac tissues was performed accordingly. Results: A noticeable increase in animal weight is seen as the concentration of chitosan increases. Normal histological appearance with slight hemorrhaging and abnormal histological appearance with more abundant hemorrhaging and cellular vacuolation were present in liver tissues. Profound histological damage with more abundant hemorrhaging and lymphocytic infiltration along with sinusoid enlargement in the liver as well as districted nuclei was also present. Cardiac tissues were less affected by changes in chitosan concentration. Liver histological changes are attributed to the metabolic breakdown of chitosan in the liver. A noticeable decrease in vascular thickness is seen in both cardiac and liver vascular networks. Conclusion: The study found that chitosan has robust cytotoxic influences on certain organs. However histological damage is more prominent and is seen in rat liver tissues. Histological damage is confirmed by the abnormality of histological and cellular damage seen.
{"title":"Histological changes in liver and cardiac rat tissues after exposure to chitosan nanoparticles orally","authors":"L. Ali, H. Khalfa, Rasha Al Sahlanee, Hayder Almsaid","doi":"10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_11_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_11_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: As safe natural biopolymer, chitosan is resulting from chitin deacetylation. Owing to its antimicrobial and antifungal effects, chitosan and/or its biological derivatives have gained extensive interest. The antibacterial activity of chitosan exhibits only in a low pH medium since its solubility above pH 6 is poor. Several factors affect chitosan antibacterial action such as chitosan type, polymerization degree, and certain other chemicophysical features. Objectives: The current study was intended to inspect the chitosan injury on hepatic and myocardial cells in rats in different concentrations. Materials and Methods: Chitosan was purchased and prepared at various concentrations. Laboratory Wistar albino rats were orally fed with different concentrations of chitosan. Histological examination of rat liver and cardiac tissues was performed accordingly. Results: A noticeable increase in animal weight is seen as the concentration of chitosan increases. Normal histological appearance with slight hemorrhaging and abnormal histological appearance with more abundant hemorrhaging and cellular vacuolation were present in liver tissues. Profound histological damage with more abundant hemorrhaging and lymphocytic infiltration along with sinusoid enlargement in the liver as well as districted nuclei was also present. Cardiac tissues were less affected by changes in chitosan concentration. Liver histological changes are attributed to the metabolic breakdown of chitosan in the liver. A noticeable decrease in vascular thickness is seen in both cardiac and liver vascular networks. Conclusion: The study found that chitosan has robust cytotoxic influences on certain organs. However histological damage is more prominent and is seen in rat liver tissues. Histological damage is confirmed by the abnormality of histological and cellular damage seen.","PeriodicalId":18326,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Babylon","volume":"20 1","pages":"215 - 218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41818220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_267_22
S. Abdullah, A. Althahab, S. Jabuk
Background: Vaginitis is the most prevalent infectious condition affecting the female genital system. Prevalent vaginal infections, namely, bacterial vaginosis. Gardnerella vaginallis is one abacterial genus almost always associated with bacterial vaginosis. Objective: Isolation and identification of G. vaginalis. and Diagnosis some virulence such as Vaginolysin, Sialidase, Phospholipase. Materials and Methods: Collected 100 vaginal samples from women then cultures in Columbia blood agar to isolated G. vaginalis and genetic detection some virulence factors. Results: The findings revealed that 12 (12%) of the samples tested positive for G. vaginalis., including (7%, 26%, 13%, 8%, and 2% isolated from 20 to 50 years age, respectively. The results of PCR showed that out of 12 isolates only 4 (33%), 9 (75%) and, 6 (50%) of G. vaginalis isolates gave positive results to vly, sld and, pho gene respectively gave positive results from 12 G. vaginalis isolates. Conclusions: A healthy vaginal microbiota is considered to be significant for maintaining vaginal health and preventing infections. Bacterial vaginosis is the condition that occurs when the balance of the vaginal flora is dysregulated, and replaced by pathogenic bacteria in the vagina like G. vaginalis.
{"title":"Genetic study of Gardnerella vaginalis virulence factors isolated from vaginal discharge","authors":"S. Abdullah, A. Althahab, S. Jabuk","doi":"10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_267_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_267_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vaginitis is the most prevalent infectious condition affecting the female genital system. Prevalent vaginal infections, namely, bacterial vaginosis. Gardnerella vaginallis is one abacterial genus almost always associated with bacterial vaginosis. Objective: Isolation and identification of G. vaginalis. and Diagnosis some virulence such as Vaginolysin, Sialidase, Phospholipase. Materials and Methods: Collected 100 vaginal samples from women then cultures in Columbia blood agar to isolated G. vaginalis and genetic detection some virulence factors. Results: The findings revealed that 12 (12%) of the samples tested positive for G. vaginalis., including (7%, 26%, 13%, 8%, and 2% isolated from 20 to 50 years age, respectively. The results of PCR showed that out of 12 isolates only 4 (33%), 9 (75%) and, 6 (50%) of G. vaginalis isolates gave positive results to vly, sld and, pho gene respectively gave positive results from 12 G. vaginalis isolates. Conclusions: A healthy vaginal microbiota is considered to be significant for maintaining vaginal health and preventing infections. Bacterial vaginosis is the condition that occurs when the balance of the vaginal flora is dysregulated, and replaced by pathogenic bacteria in the vagina like G. vaginalis.","PeriodicalId":18326,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Babylon","volume":"20 1","pages":"85 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44229370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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