Pub Date : 2024-08-28DOI: 10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102272
Vy Anh Tran, Sang-Wha Lee, Thi Thu Trinh Phan, Tạ Ngọc Don, Vo Vien, Nguyen Chi Thanh, Ngoc Nga Ho, Van Dat Doan, Van Thuan Le
The synthesis of silicon nanoparticles (PSi NPs) from silica nanoparticles (SiO₂) via magnesium (Mg) reduction is a promising technique due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. In this study, silica is utilized as the primary precursor and is subjected to a reduction process using magnesium powder as the reducing agent. By covalently attaching Fluorescein Isothiocyanate (FITC) to the surface of PSi NPs, we aim to enhance their fluorescence intensity and stability while also improving their surface reactivity and biocompatibility. The modified PSi NPs system was characterized using various microscopic techniques, Raman spectra, porosity and morphology analysis, Zeta potential, and analysis of organic functional groups to confirm successful conjugation and to evaluate changes in surface morphology, fluorescence properties, and colloidal stability. By leveraging the inherent photothermal conversion efficiency of PSi NPs, we explore their capacity to generate localized heat upon near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation, effectively inducing cancer cell apoptosis. Concurrently, the natural fluorescence of PSi NPs is harnessed to enable high-resolution imaging, facilitating real-time tracking and monitoring of therapeutic processes. The PSi NPs were subjected to a series of in vitro experiments to assess their photothermal efficiency, cytotoxicity, and imaging capabilities. Results demonstrate that PSi NPs exhibit excellent photothermal effects, leading to significant cell death in targeted cancer cells upon NIR exposure, while their fluorescence properties provide clear and detailed imaging. These findings highlight the potential of PSi NPs as multifunctional agents in cancer therapy, combining effective photothermal treatment with non-invasive imaging, thereby enhancing the precision and efficacy of therapeutic interventions.
{"title":"Photothermal therapy and cell imaging tracking of porous silicon nanoparticle by magnesiothermic reduction and surface modification","authors":"Vy Anh Tran, Sang-Wha Lee, Thi Thu Trinh Phan, Tạ Ngọc Don, Vo Vien, Nguyen Chi Thanh, Ngoc Nga Ho, Van Dat Doan, Van Thuan Le","doi":"10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102272","url":null,"abstract":"The synthesis of silicon nanoparticles (PSi NPs) from silica nanoparticles (SiO₂) via magnesium (Mg) reduction is a promising technique due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. In this study, silica is utilized as the primary precursor and is subjected to a reduction process using magnesium powder as the reducing agent. By covalently attaching Fluorescein Isothiocyanate (FITC) to the surface of PSi NPs, we aim to enhance their fluorescence intensity and stability while also improving their surface reactivity and biocompatibility. The modified PSi NPs system was characterized using various microscopic techniques, Raman spectra, porosity and morphology analysis, Zeta potential, and analysis of organic functional groups to confirm successful conjugation and to evaluate changes in surface morphology, fluorescence properties, and colloidal stability. By leveraging the inherent photothermal conversion efficiency of PSi NPs, we explore their capacity to generate localized heat upon near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation, effectively inducing cancer cell apoptosis. Concurrently, the natural fluorescence of PSi NPs is harnessed to enable high-resolution imaging, facilitating real-time tracking and monitoring of therapeutic processes. The PSi NPs were subjected to a series of in vitro experiments to assess their photothermal efficiency, cytotoxicity, and imaging capabilities. Results demonstrate that PSi NPs exhibit excellent photothermal effects, leading to significant cell death in targeted cancer cells upon NIR exposure, while their fluorescence properties provide clear and detailed imaging. These findings highlight the potential of PSi NPs as multifunctional agents in cancer therapy, combining effective photothermal treatment with non-invasive imaging, thereby enhancing the precision and efficacy of therapeutic interventions.","PeriodicalId":18353,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-27DOI: 10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102256
Allana Lewis, Nurul A. Mazlan, Fraz Saeed Butt, Zheng Chen, Shuiqing Yang, Yi Huang
Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs) have been widely studied in recent decades in a variety of applications. However, a fundamental understanding of crystal growth kinetics as well as their formation mechanisms has been very limited. Underpinning such mechanisms might be of key importance for the predictable synthesis of ZIFs to rationally tune the structural and morphological properties for respective applications. Herein, the crystal growth kinetics and structural evolution of ZIF-8 crystals in various aqueous co-solvent reaction environments were studied with respect to synthesis time. By tracking the nucleation, crystal growth, stabilization and ripening, three potential kinetic formation mechanisms were proposed. More specifically, with methanol, isopropanol and acetone, a fast nucleation rate and crystal growth occurred within 60 minutes (min) at room temperature. However, ethanol and n-propanol showed prolonged nucleation which resulted in the slow formation of ZIF-L/ZIF-8 mixed phases at the early stage. Phase transformation to pure ZIF-8 was observed in longer syntheses. Nitrogen-containing solvent, N, N–dimethyl formaldehyde (DMF), was found to induce both nucleation and growth, resulting in large crystals in less than 60 min of fabrication. In each case, the crystal formation follows Avrami's classical model. Hence, by understanding the effects of co-solvents in ZIF nucleation, crystallization and phase selection, one can rationally design the crystals with predictable crystallinity, size, morphology, purity and surface properties for targeted applications such as adsorption of small molecules from aqueous mixtures.
{"title":"Aqueous co-solvent synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks: The impact of co-solvents in the crystal growth kinetics","authors":"Allana Lewis, Nurul A. Mazlan, Fraz Saeed Butt, Zheng Chen, Shuiqing Yang, Yi Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102256","url":null,"abstract":"Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs) have been widely studied in recent decades in a variety of applications. However, a fundamental understanding of crystal growth kinetics as well as their formation mechanisms has been very limited. Underpinning such mechanisms might be of key importance for the predictable synthesis of ZIFs to rationally tune the structural and morphological properties for respective applications. Herein, the crystal growth kinetics and structural evolution of ZIF-8 crystals in various aqueous co-solvent reaction environments were studied with respect to synthesis time. By tracking the nucleation, crystal growth, stabilization and ripening, three potential kinetic formation mechanisms were proposed. More specifically, with methanol, isopropanol and acetone, a fast nucleation rate and crystal growth occurred within 60 minutes (min) at room temperature. However, ethanol and n-propanol showed prolonged nucleation which resulted in the slow formation of ZIF-L/ZIF-8 mixed phases at the early stage. Phase transformation to pure ZIF-8 was observed in longer syntheses. Nitrogen-containing solvent, N, N–dimethyl formaldehyde (DMF), was found to induce both nucleation and growth, resulting in large crystals in less than 60 min of fabrication. In each case, the crystal formation follows Avrami's classical model. Hence, by understanding the effects of co-solvents in ZIF nucleation, crystallization and phase selection, one can rationally design the crystals with predictable crystallinity, size, morphology, purity and surface properties for targeted applications such as adsorption of small molecules from aqueous mixtures.","PeriodicalId":18353,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-25DOI: 10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102269
Yihang Wang, Xinjian Cheng
Cellulose, an abundantly available natural polymer, is generally insoluble in water or common organic solvents. In this study, fluorescent probes based on cellulose were fabricated, rendering them soluble in HO and capable of selectively recognizing 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). Firstly, the modified cellulose with -Cl was prepared by the substitution reaction of –OH and SOCl on cellulose. Secondly, the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) reagent FNT with –NO and –CHO was obtained by reacting -nitrophenylthiophenol with -chloromethyl benzaldehyde. It was then reacted with 2,4-dimethylpyrrole to obtain a fluoroboronodipyrrole fluorescent RAFT reagent BNT with –NO, followed by the reduction of –NO to –NH to obtain ABT. RAFT polymerization was conducted using reagent ABT with sodium vinyl sulfonate (SVS), sodium -styrene sulfonate (SSS), sodium allyl sulfonate (SAS) in DMF. In the polymerization process, azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) was used as the initiator, yielded polymers with superior water solubility. Finally, three cellulose based fluorescent probes were prepared by substitutional reaction between -Cl on cellulose and –NH on the as-prepared polymers. The solubility of the probes was much higher than that of the original cellulose, and it can be served as macromolecular probes for the detection of 4-NP, and applied in environmental systems.
{"title":"Easily water soluble cellulose-based fluorescent probes for the detection of 4-nitrophenol","authors":"Yihang Wang, Xinjian Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102269","url":null,"abstract":"Cellulose, an abundantly available natural polymer, is generally insoluble in water or common organic solvents. In this study, fluorescent probes based on cellulose were fabricated, rendering them soluble in HO and capable of selectively recognizing 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). Firstly, the modified cellulose with -Cl was prepared by the substitution reaction of –OH and SOCl on cellulose. Secondly, the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) reagent FNT with –NO and –CHO was obtained by reacting -nitrophenylthiophenol with -chloromethyl benzaldehyde. It was then reacted with 2,4-dimethylpyrrole to obtain a fluoroboronodipyrrole fluorescent RAFT reagent BNT with –NO, followed by the reduction of –NO to –NH to obtain ABT. RAFT polymerization was conducted using reagent ABT with sodium vinyl sulfonate (SVS), sodium -styrene sulfonate (SSS), sodium allyl sulfonate (SAS) in DMF. In the polymerization process, azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) was used as the initiator, yielded polymers with superior water solubility. Finally, three cellulose based fluorescent probes were prepared by substitutional reaction between -Cl on cellulose and –NH on the as-prepared polymers. The solubility of the probes was much higher than that of the original cellulose, and it can be served as macromolecular probes for the detection of 4-NP, and applied in environmental systems.","PeriodicalId":18353,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-25DOI: 10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102253
Lucie Komankova, Antonin Broz, Helena Hlidkova, Jiri Hodan, Eva Chylikova Krumbholcova, Lucie Bacakova, Guillem Pratx, Martin Hruby, Miroslav Vetrik
Successful bone tissue engineering involves managing several important parameters, such as the design of intercommunicating porous structures, pore sizes, and the material and mechanical suitability of the material. In our work, we focused on the preparation of a synthetic scaffold that morphologically mimics the structure of human trabecular bone. The scaffolds were fabricated through the thermal modification (TM) of polyacrylonitrile. The scaffold strength was supported by a crosslinked chitosan supporting network. The prepared scaffold has imprinted pores of the appropriate size to facilitate the ingrowth and proliferation of human osteoblasts throughout the entire pore volume created by a primary porogen, sodium chloride. The resulting material has a dual porous morphological structure, in which adjustable larger pores support cellular ingrowth into the scaffold, whereas smaller pores, created using succinonitrile (SCN) as a secondary porogen, increase the diffusion of oxygen and nutrients to developing cells. The mechanical properties of the scaffold were promoted by the use of a secondary interpenetrating network (IPN) based on chitosan. The incorporation of secondary IPNs led to a significant improvement in the mechanical characteristics of the scaffold. Two crosslinking agents were used: the widely utilized glutaraldehyde (GA) and its green, nontoxic alternative, genipin (GEN).
{"title":"Polyacrylonitrile‒Chitosan IPN composite scaffolds that closely mimic the human trabecular bone structure for tissue engineering","authors":"Lucie Komankova, Antonin Broz, Helena Hlidkova, Jiri Hodan, Eva Chylikova Krumbholcova, Lucie Bacakova, Guillem Pratx, Martin Hruby, Miroslav Vetrik","doi":"10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102253","url":null,"abstract":"Successful bone tissue engineering involves managing several important parameters, such as the design of intercommunicating porous structures, pore sizes, and the material and mechanical suitability of the material. In our work, we focused on the preparation of a synthetic scaffold that morphologically mimics the structure of human trabecular bone. The scaffolds were fabricated through the thermal modification (TM) of polyacrylonitrile. The scaffold strength was supported by a crosslinked chitosan supporting network. The prepared scaffold has imprinted pores of the appropriate size to facilitate the ingrowth and proliferation of human osteoblasts throughout the entire pore volume created by a primary porogen, sodium chloride. The resulting material has a dual porous morphological structure, in which adjustable larger pores support cellular ingrowth into the scaffold, whereas smaller pores, created using succinonitrile (SCN) as a secondary porogen, increase the diffusion of oxygen and nutrients to developing cells. The mechanical properties of the scaffold were promoted by the use of a secondary interpenetrating network (IPN) based on chitosan. The incorporation of secondary IPNs led to a significant improvement in the mechanical characteristics of the scaffold. Two crosslinking agents were used: the widely utilized glutaraldehyde (GA) and its green, nontoxic alternative, genipin (GEN).","PeriodicalId":18353,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-25DOI: 10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102268
Sebastian Bonardd, Ángel Alegría, Jon Maiz, David Díaz Díaz
Motivated by the excellent features exhibited by sulfone functional groups in the development of high-dielectric polymer materials, this work assesses the combination of linear and cyclic sulfone structures through copolymerization to prepare novel polymer materials exhibiting high dielectric constants (ԑ'), low dissipative behavior, and improved thermal properties. Five new polymethacrylate-based copolymers with varying compositions were synthesized through reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The correct structure and macromolecular nature of the devised materials were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H/C NMR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), while their thermal properties were evaluated using thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). All specimens exhibited adequate thermal properties for most capacitor applications in terms of onset degradation (T) and glass transition (T) temperatures. All materials degraded well above 250 °C, with increased T and T values depending on the final composition of the cyclic sulfone monomer in the material. The incorporation of cyclic sulfones not only increased the thermal robustness of the specimens but also raised their T values to as high as 189 °C, notably expanding the range of temperatures where these systems can operate without dissipative phenomena. More importantly, broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) revealed that all samples exhibited dielectric properties notably superior to those of conventional polymer materials, with high ԑ' values between 6.0 and 8.9 (at 25 °C and 1 Hz) and low loss factors (Tan(δ) < 0.018). Overall, the present work successfully demonstrates the advantages of including cyclic structures with high dipole moments in polymeric backbones, offering a new strategy to enhance the thermal and dielectric properties of high-dielectric polymer materials.
砜官能团在开发高介电聚合物材料方面表现出卓越的特性，受此激励，本研究评估了通过共聚将线性和环状砜结构结合在一起制备新型聚合物材料的方法，这些材料具有高介电常数（ԑ'）、低耗散行为和更好的热性能。通过可逆加成-断裂链转移（RAFT）聚合法合成了五种不同组成的新型聚甲基丙烯酸酯基共聚物。红外光谱（FTIR）、核磁共振光谱（H/C NMR）和凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）证实了所设计材料的正确结构和大分子性质，热重分析（TGA）和差示扫描量热仪（DSC）评估了它们的热性能。就起始降解温度（T）和玻璃化转变温度（T）而言，所有试样都表现出足够的热特性，可满足大多数电容器应用的要求。所有材料的降解温度都远高于 250 ℃，T 值和 T 值的增加取决于材料中环砜单体的最终成分。环砜的加入不仅提高了试样的热稳定性，还将其 T 值提高到了 189 ℃，显著扩大了这些系统在无耗散现象的情况下工作的温度范围。更重要的是，宽带介电光谱（BDS）显示，所有样品的介电性能都明显优于传统聚合物材料，其ԑ'值在 6.0 和 8.9 之间（25 °C 和 1 Hz 时），损耗因子较低（Tan(δ) < 0.018）。总之，本研究成功证明了在聚合物骨架中加入具有高偶极矩的环状结构的优势，为增强高介电聚合物材料的热性能和介电特性提供了一种新策略。
{"title":"Combining linear and cyclic sulfones as a strategy for elaborating more efficient high-dielectric polymer materials: A second case of dipolar glass copolymers","authors":"Sebastian Bonardd, Ángel Alegría, Jon Maiz, David Díaz Díaz","doi":"10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102268","url":null,"abstract":"Motivated by the excellent features exhibited by sulfone functional groups in the development of high-dielectric polymer materials, this work assesses the combination of linear and cyclic sulfone structures through copolymerization to prepare novel polymer materials exhibiting high dielectric constants (ԑ'), low dissipative behavior, and improved thermal properties. Five new polymethacrylate-based copolymers with varying compositions were synthesized through reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The correct structure and macromolecular nature of the devised materials were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H/C NMR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), while their thermal properties were evaluated using thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). All specimens exhibited adequate thermal properties for most capacitor applications in terms of onset degradation (T) and glass transition (T) temperatures. All materials degraded well above 250 °C, with increased T and T values depending on the final composition of the cyclic sulfone monomer in the material. The incorporation of cyclic sulfones not only increased the thermal robustness of the specimens but also raised their T values to as high as 189 °C, notably expanding the range of temperatures where these systems can operate without dissipative phenomena. More importantly, broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) revealed that all samples exhibited dielectric properties notably superior to those of conventional polymer materials, with high ԑ' values between 6.0 and 8.9 (at 25 °C and 1 Hz) and low loss factors (Tan(δ) < 0.018). Overall, the present work successfully demonstrates the advantages of including cyclic structures with high dipole moments in polymeric backbones, offering a new strategy to enhance the thermal and dielectric properties of high-dielectric polymer materials.","PeriodicalId":18353,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102251
Zhaomeng Liu, Shangzhuo Li, Jianjia Mu, Lu-Kang Zhao, Xuan-Wen Gao, Qinfen Gu, Xuan-Chen Wang, Hong Chen, Wen-Bin Luo
Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) are emerging as a promising next-generation energy storage system due to their high economic efficiency and theoretical energy density. Among various cathode materials, KMnO-based cathode materials have garnered significant attention due to their high energy density and industrial feasibility. In this work, A P3-type KMnCrO cathode material was synthesized using a target-elements tailoring quenching method. By strategically substituting targeted elements and employing tailored quenching techniques, it can effectively alleviate Jahn-Teller distortion and suppress phase transitions, enhancing the material structural stability. The synthesized KMnCrO cathode material demonstrated excellent cycling stability of retaining 70 % specific capacity after 300 cycles at a current density of 500 mA g. This work breaks out the traditional solid-phase sintering preparation method and provides a new solution for the future preparation of other structurally stable high-performance layered oxides with excellent rate performance for potassium ion batteries.
{"title":"Element-tailored quenching methods: Phase-defective K0.5Mn1-xCrxO2 cathode materials for potassium ion batteries","authors":"Zhaomeng Liu, Shangzhuo Li, Jianjia Mu, Lu-Kang Zhao, Xuan-Wen Gao, Qinfen Gu, Xuan-Chen Wang, Hong Chen, Wen-Bin Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102251","url":null,"abstract":"Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) are emerging as a promising next-generation energy storage system due to their high economic efficiency and theoretical energy density. Among various cathode materials, KMnO-based cathode materials have garnered significant attention due to their high energy density and industrial feasibility. In this work, A P3-type KMnCrO cathode material was synthesized using a target-elements tailoring quenching method. By strategically substituting targeted elements and employing tailored quenching techniques, it can effectively alleviate Jahn-Teller distortion and suppress phase transitions, enhancing the material structural stability. The synthesized KMnCrO cathode material demonstrated excellent cycling stability of retaining 70 % specific capacity after 300 cycles at a current density of 500 mA g. This work breaks out the traditional solid-phase sintering preparation method and provides a new solution for the future preparation of other structurally stable high-performance layered oxides with excellent rate performance for potassium ion batteries.","PeriodicalId":18353,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bacterial infections result in serious impacts on human health. Non-toxic, potent, and flexible antimicrobial particles loaded onto nonwoven materials offer a promising solution. Metallic antimicrobial particles have achieved significant attention and application; however, common materials such as silver and copper exhibit potential toxicity and typically employ a singular antimicrobial mechanism. This limitation can diminish their effectiveness over the service cycle. In our research gallium (Ga), known for its activity and versatile antimicrobial mechanisms, was employed with ferrous ions (Fe), which offer broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties and lower potential toxicity compared to silver and copper. Through spontaneous substitution reaction. Ga and Fe can generate Ga–Fe alloys and various antimicrobial particles. In this study, we developed antimicrobial nonwovens by loading them with multiple types of metal antimicrobial particles through a simple soaking and surface treatment process. The multifaceted antimicrobial mechanisms introduced by these multiple particles provide the nonwoven materials with exceptional antimicrobial performance, achieving an effectiveness of up to 99.99 % against and . The feasibility of the substitution reaction between Ga and Fe was thoroughly verified through theoretical calculations, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization, and experimental observations. This research offers valuable insights for advancing and exploring antimicrobial nonwoven materials.
{"title":"Crafting and analyzing nonwovens enhanced with antimicrobial metal particles and diverse mechanisms via substitution reaction","authors":"Bing-Bing Shou, Ting-Ting Li, Xian-Jin Hu, Guo-Hua Liu, Hai-Tao Ren, Jia-Horng Lin, Jingwei Xie, Li-Yan Liu, Ching-Wen Lou","doi":"10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102260","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial infections result in serious impacts on human health. Non-toxic, potent, and flexible antimicrobial particles loaded onto nonwoven materials offer a promising solution. Metallic antimicrobial particles have achieved significant attention and application; however, common materials such as silver and copper exhibit potential toxicity and typically employ a singular antimicrobial mechanism. This limitation can diminish their effectiveness over the service cycle. In our research gallium (Ga), known for its activity and versatile antimicrobial mechanisms, was employed with ferrous ions (Fe), which offer broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties and lower potential toxicity compared to silver and copper. Through spontaneous substitution reaction. Ga and Fe can generate Ga–Fe alloys and various antimicrobial particles. In this study, we developed antimicrobial nonwovens by loading them with multiple types of metal antimicrobial particles through a simple soaking and surface treatment process. The multifaceted antimicrobial mechanisms introduced by these multiple particles provide the nonwoven materials with exceptional antimicrobial performance, achieving an effectiveness of up to 99.99 % against and . The feasibility of the substitution reaction between Ga and Fe was thoroughly verified through theoretical calculations, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization, and experimental observations. This research offers valuable insights for advancing and exploring antimicrobial nonwoven materials.","PeriodicalId":18353,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The impact of chemical structure and environment on the thermal stability of polyimide (PI) was examined, and the degradation mechanism was determined using a combination of experiments and molecular simulations. Changes in mechanical properties and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the thermal stability of PI. Pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GCMS) and thermogravimetric-infrared spectroscopy (TG-IR) were used to analyze the degradation products both qualitatively and quantitatively. Molecular simulation was employed to analyze the primary bond breakage and thermal degradation pathways of PI, as well as to investigate the effects of the chemical structure, atmosphere, and temperature on degradation properties. The findings indicated that p-benzene-structured 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA)/-phenylenediamine (PDA) has the best thermal stability, whereas weak bonds like C–O–C in 4,4′-oxydianiline (ODA) and C–N in the 2-(4-aminophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-5-amine (BIA) imidazole group decrease thermal stability. The formation path of low molecular weight products (CO, CO, HCN, and NH) and the potential degradation mechanism of PI were proposed. The process of PI thermal degradation accelerated by oxygen and high temperature was observed at the atomic level. Taken together, this work offers the possibility of monitoring the structural evolution of PI degradation process in real-time.
通过实验和分子模拟相结合的方法，研究了化学结构和环境对聚酰亚胺（PI）热稳定性的影响，并确定了降解机制。机械性能的变化和热重分析（TGA）被用来表征聚酰亚胺的热稳定性。热解气相色谱质谱法（Py-GCMS）和热重-红外光谱法（TG-IR）用于定性和定量分析降解产物。采用分子模拟分析了 PI 的主键断裂和热降解途径，并研究了化学结构、气氛和温度对降解特性的影响。研究结果表明，对苯结构的 3,3′,4,4′-联苯四羧酸二酐（BPDA）/苯二胺（PDA）具有最好的热稳定性，而 4,4′-氧二苯胺（ODA）中的 C-O-C 和 2-（4-氨基苯基）-1H-苯并咪唑-5-胺（BIA）咪唑基团中的 C-N 等弱键则会降低热稳定性。提出了 PI 的低分子量产物（CO、CO、HCN 和 NH）的形成路径和潜在降解机制。在原子水平上观察到氧气和高温加速了 PI 的热降解过程。综上所述，这项工作为实时监测 PI 降解过程的结构演变提供了可能。
{"title":"Effect of chemical structures and environmental factors on the thermal degradation mechanism of polyimide: Experiments and molecular dynamics simulations","authors":"Shiqin Xu, Daolei Lin, Runyue Li, Jiayu Zhan, Guofeng Tian, Dezhen Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102242","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of chemical structure and environment on the thermal stability of polyimide (PI) was examined, and the degradation mechanism was determined using a combination of experiments and molecular simulations. Changes in mechanical properties and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the thermal stability of PI. Pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GCMS) and thermogravimetric-infrared spectroscopy (TG-IR) were used to analyze the degradation products both qualitatively and quantitatively. Molecular simulation was employed to analyze the primary bond breakage and thermal degradation pathways of PI, as well as to investigate the effects of the chemical structure, atmosphere, and temperature on degradation properties. The findings indicated that p-benzene-structured 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA)/-phenylenediamine (PDA) has the best thermal stability, whereas weak bonds like C–O–C in 4,4′-oxydianiline (ODA) and C–N in the 2-(4-aminophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-5-amine (BIA) imidazole group decrease thermal stability. The formation path of low molecular weight products (CO, CO, HCN, and NH) and the potential degradation mechanism of PI were proposed. The process of PI thermal degradation accelerated by oxygen and high temperature was observed at the atomic level. Taken together, this work offers the possibility of monitoring the structural evolution of PI degradation process in real-time.","PeriodicalId":18353,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102266
Gege Shi, Jiuming Xiong, Weijun Wu, Zhiyong Guo, Sui Wang, Jie Mao
Hydrogels have received much attention in the field of flexible electronics as materials with flexibility and multifunctionality. The mechanical strength of conventional hydrogels is usually difficult to meet the requirements of practical applications in electronic devices. How to fabricate a high-strength hydrogel should remain a challenge. Here, a strategy to enhance the mechanical properties of conductive hydrogels based on the Hofmeister effect is reported. The mechanical properties of hydrogels were enhanced by increasing the polymer chain density, enhancing the hydrophobicity and increasing the crystallinity, the high-strength and high-toughness polyvinyl alcohol/carbon nanotubes/polyethyleneimine (PVA/MWCNTs/PEI) conductive hydrogel was successfully produced. The ultimate stress of the hydrogel was as high as 3.5–6.3 MPa, the elongation at break was between 500 and 1200 %, and the toughness was up to 23.62 MJ/m. The conductivity of high-strength, high-toughness hydrogel is 0.05–0.45 S/m. Hydrogel was manufactured into a single-electrode friction nanogenerator (TENG), and it can easily light up to 100 LEDs. Therefore, this high-strength and high-toughness conductive hydrogel has great potential for TENG applications, offering the possibility of extending the working life of TENG in harsh environments.
水凝胶作为具有柔韧性和多功能性的材料，在柔性电子学领域备受关注。传统水凝胶的机械强度通常难以满足电子设备实际应用的要求。如何制造高强度水凝胶仍是一个挑战。本文报告了一种基于霍夫迈斯特效应增强导电水凝胶机械性能的策略。通过增加聚合物链密度、提高疏水性和增加结晶度来增强水凝胶的力学性能，成功制备出了高强度、高韧性的聚乙烯醇/碳纳米管/聚乙烯亚胺（PVA/MWCNTs/PEI）导电水凝胶。水凝胶的极限应力高达 3.5-6.3 MPa，断裂伸长率在 500-1200 % 之间，韧性高达 23.62 MJ/m。高强度、高韧性水凝胶的电导率为 0.05-0.45 S/m。将水凝胶制成单电极摩擦纳米发电机（TENG），可轻松点亮多达 100 个 LED。因此，这种高强度和高韧性导电水凝胶在 TENG 应用中具有巨大潜力，为延长 TENG 在恶劣环境中的工作寿命提供了可能。
{"title":"High-strength conductive hydrogels based on the Hofmeister effect for friction nanogenerators","authors":"Gege Shi, Jiuming Xiong, Weijun Wu, Zhiyong Guo, Sui Wang, Jie Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102266","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogels have received much attention in the field of flexible electronics as materials with flexibility and multifunctionality. The mechanical strength of conventional hydrogels is usually difficult to meet the requirements of practical applications in electronic devices. How to fabricate a high-strength hydrogel should remain a challenge. Here, a strategy to enhance the mechanical properties of conductive hydrogels based on the Hofmeister effect is reported. The mechanical properties of hydrogels were enhanced by increasing the polymer chain density, enhancing the hydrophobicity and increasing the crystallinity, the high-strength and high-toughness polyvinyl alcohol/carbon nanotubes/polyethyleneimine (PVA/MWCNTs/PEI) conductive hydrogel was successfully produced. The ultimate stress of the hydrogel was as high as 3.5–6.3 MPa, the elongation at break was between 500 and 1200 %, and the toughness was up to 23.62 MJ/m. The conductivity of high-strength, high-toughness hydrogel is 0.05–0.45 S/m. Hydrogel was manufactured into a single-electrode friction nanogenerator (TENG), and it can easily light up to 100 LEDs. Therefore, this high-strength and high-toughness conductive hydrogel has great potential for TENG applications, offering the possibility of extending the working life of TENG in harsh environments.","PeriodicalId":18353,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Traditional white light-emitting diode (WLED) is mainly depending on coating broadband yellow phosphors (520–700 nm) on blue emitting LED chip (440–460). However, too strong blue light and absence of cyan light results in incongruous emission strength and low color rendering index (CRI), which cause serious damage to retina of eye. To overcome these shortcomings, cyan light emitting phosphor is highly desirable for the full-visible-spectrum LED with high CRI, but bright cyan phosphor remains rare. Herein, a new 0D hybrid copper(I) halide of [TMPDA]CuI (TMPDA = ,2,2-tetramethyl-1,3-propylenediamine) single crystal is reported as a cyan light emitter with mominant emission wavelength at 489 nm, photoluminescence quantum yield of 26.66 % and large Stokes shift of 198 nm exceeding most of organic-inorganic metal halides. Remarkably, the single crystals display stable emission in various polar organic solvents and high temperature with sufficient emitting stability. More significantly, this 0D cuprous halide act as down-conversion cyan phosphor to fabricate WLED with a high CRI of 95 by reducing the cyan gap. In this study, we demonstrate an optical engineering strategy to prepare efficient cyan light emitting 0D cuprous halide and assembly high-performance WLED.
{"title":"Zero-dimensional hybrid Cu(I) halide with cyan light emission for use in white light emitting diode","authors":"Qi Wang, Tian-Ci Liu, Wei Jiang, Peng-Yao Xuan, Xin-Yuan Li, Fei Guan, Xiao-Wu Lei, Zhi-Hong Jing, Xiang-Wen Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2024.102263","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional white light-emitting diode (WLED) is mainly depending on coating broadband yellow phosphors (520–700 nm) on blue emitting LED chip (440–460). However, too strong blue light and absence of cyan light results in incongruous emission strength and low color rendering index (CRI), which cause serious damage to retina of eye. To overcome these shortcomings, cyan light emitting phosphor is highly desirable for the full-visible-spectrum LED with high CRI, but bright cyan phosphor remains rare. Herein, a new 0D hybrid copper(I) halide of [TMPDA]CuI (TMPDA = ,2,2-tetramethyl-1,3-propylenediamine) single crystal is reported as a cyan light emitter with mominant emission wavelength at 489 nm, photoluminescence quantum yield of 26.66 % and large Stokes shift of 198 nm exceeding most of organic-inorganic metal halides. Remarkably, the single crystals display stable emission in various polar organic solvents and high temperature with sufficient emitting stability. More significantly, this 0D cuprous halide act as down-conversion cyan phosphor to fabricate WLED with a high CRI of 95 by reducing the cyan gap. In this study, we demonstrate an optical engineering strategy to prepare efficient cyan light emitting 0D cuprous halide and assembly high-performance WLED.","PeriodicalId":18353,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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