Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.24425/mms.2022.143063
Considering the low accuracy and low efficiency of the traditional calibration method for base strain sensitivity of accelerometers, a novel base strain sensitivity calibration system with steady harmonic excitation is proposed. The required cantilever beam for calibration is driven by an electromagnetic exciter to generate a base strain varying in a steady harmonic pattern. By applying a Wheatstone bridge circuit, the generated strain with low distortion can be measured. The measurement system with a compensation function can automatically calibrate the base strain sensitivity. The amplitude linearity and frequency response characteristics of the base strain sensitivity in two accelerometers are obtained experimentally, and the uncertainty in the results is 2% ( 𝑘 = 2).
{"title":"A novel base strain sensitivity measurement system with steady harmonic excitation","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/mms.2022.143063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/mms.2022.143063","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the low accuracy and low efficiency of the traditional calibration method for base strain sensitivity of accelerometers, a novel base strain sensitivity calibration system with steady harmonic excitation is proposed. The required cantilever beam for calibration is driven by an electromagnetic exciter to generate a base strain varying in a steady harmonic pattern. By applying a Wheatstone bridge circuit, the generated strain with low distortion can be measured. The measurement system with a compensation function can automatically calibrate the base strain sensitivity. The amplitude linearity and frequency response characteristics of the base strain sensitivity in two accelerometers are obtained experimentally, and the uncertainty in the results is 2% ( 𝑘 = 2).","PeriodicalId":18394,"journal":{"name":"Metrology and Measurement Systems","volume":"39 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135635297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.24425/mms.2022.143071
Non-measured points (NMPs) are one of vital problems in optical measurement. The number and location of NMPs affect the obtained surface texture parameters. Therefore, systematic studying of the NMP is meaningful in understanding the instrument performance and optimizing measurement strategies. This paper investigates the influence of measurement settings on the non-measured points ratio (NMPR) using structured illumination microscopy. It is found that using a low magnification lens, high exposure time, high dynamic range (HDR) lighting levels, and low vertical scanning interval may help reduce the NMPR. In addition, an improved approach is proposed to analyze the influence of NMP on areal surface texture parameters. The analysis indicates that the influence of NMP on some parameters cannot be ignored, especially for extreme height parameters and feature parameters.
{"title":"Experimental study of non-measured points on surface measurement using structured illumination microscopy","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/mms.2022.143071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/mms.2022.143071","url":null,"abstract":"Non-measured points (NMPs) are one of vital problems in optical measurement. The number and location of NMPs affect the obtained surface texture parameters. Therefore, systematic studying of the NMP is meaningful in understanding the instrument performance and optimizing measurement strategies. This paper investigates the influence of measurement settings on the non-measured points ratio (NMPR) using structured illumination microscopy. It is found that using a low magnification lens, high exposure time, high dynamic range (HDR) lighting levels, and low vertical scanning interval may help reduce the NMPR. In addition, an improved approach is proposed to analyze the influence of NMP on areal surface texture parameters. The analysis indicates that the influence of NMP on some parameters cannot be ignored, especially for extreme height parameters and feature parameters.","PeriodicalId":18394,"journal":{"name":"Metrology and Measurement Systems","volume":"38 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135635308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.24425/mms.2022.142274
In modern clinical practice in various areas of dentistry, there is a need to virtualize and determine the diagnostic parameters of the stomatognathic system (SS). The aim of this article is to provide an evaluation of correct SS structures based on a comparison of mappings in pantomography, lateral cephalometry, and volumetric tomography using bone and tooth anthropometric points. The digital measurements performed determine the applicability of the analyzed imaging techniques for clinical diagnostics by indicating discrepancies and errors in the evaluation of geometric parameters. They should verify the location of characteristic points, lines, angles, and planes in relation to spatial objects mapped on the 1:1 scale. The analyses performed confirm the appearance of bone and dental structure asymmetry in healthy patients.
{"title":"Evaluation of geometric parameters of the stomatognathic system using radiological imaging","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/mms.2022.142274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/mms.2022.142274","url":null,"abstract":"In modern clinical practice in various areas of dentistry, there is a need to virtualize and determine the diagnostic parameters of the stomatognathic system (SS). The aim of this article is to provide an evaluation of correct SS structures based on a comparison of mappings in pantomography, lateral cephalometry, and volumetric tomography using bone and tooth anthropometric points. The digital measurements performed determine the applicability of the analyzed imaging techniques for clinical diagnostics by indicating discrepancies and errors in the evaluation of geometric parameters. They should verify the location of characteristic points, lines, angles, and planes in relation to spatial objects mapped on the 1:1 scale. The analyses performed confirm the appearance of bone and dental structure asymmetry in healthy patients.","PeriodicalId":18394,"journal":{"name":"Metrology and Measurement Systems","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135635311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.24425/mms.2022.142275
Piotr Kisała
The article presents an analysis of the impact of bending optical fibers with tilted Bragg gratings on their spectral parameters. This article proves that it is possible to a choose TFBG cladding mode and the optical spectrum range related to it that allows the best metrological properties to be obtained when measuring bend. The results contained in the paper explain why the minima in the spectral characteristics, corresponding only to some cladding modes, change their shape during TFBG bending, which is important for application of Bragg gratings as bending sensors. It has been presented that in the case of TFBG we are able to aggregate the knowledge obtained during experiment to the form of a physical model of the fiber bending sensor.
{"title":"Physical foundations determining spectral characteristics measured in Bragg gratings subjected to bending","authors":"Piotr Kisała","doi":"10.24425/mms.2022.142275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/mms.2022.142275","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an analysis of the impact of bending optical fibers with tilted Bragg gratings on their spectral parameters. This article proves that it is possible to a choose TFBG cladding mode and the optical spectrum range related to it that allows the best metrological properties to be obtained when measuring bend. The results contained in the paper explain why the minima in the spectral characteristics, corresponding only to some cladding modes, change their shape during TFBG bending, which is important for application of Bragg gratings as bending sensors. It has been presented that in the case of TFBG we are able to aggregate the knowledge obtained during experiment to the form of a physical model of the fiber bending sensor.","PeriodicalId":18394,"journal":{"name":"Metrology and Measurement Systems","volume":"17 49","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135545566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.24425/mms.2022.142273
Andrzej Zając, Andrzej Kukwa, Robert Barańska, Szymon Nitkiewicz, Edyta Zomkowska, Adam Rybak
This article presents selected physical diagnostic methods used in otorhinolaryngology and results of their application. In addition to the applications of methods using the capabilities of selective sensors, selected methods of hybrid diagnostics were also presented – for assessment of parameters of respiratory processes, with polysomnography as an example of using both typical diagnostic methods dedicated to otolaryngology, as well as standard EEG and ECG methods. It has been shown that in some special cases of respiratory disorders, measurements of the air flow in the respiratory tract can be supplemented with pressure measurementsinselectedpositionswithintheairways.Thepresentedopticalmethodsanddiagnosticsystems areveryoftenusedinthediagnosisofdiseasesnotspecificforotolaryngologyoccurringintheareaofthe headandneck.Thepresentedmaterialisthesecondpartofthestudydiscussingbothstandardandwidely useddiagnosticmethods.Allpresentedmethodsarededicatedtootolaryngology.Thistextisacontinuation ofthematerialpublishedinNo4of2021[1].
{"title":"Anatomical and functional assessment of patency of the upper respiratory tract in selected respiratory disorders – part 2","authors":"Andrzej Zając, Andrzej Kukwa, Robert Barańska, Szymon Nitkiewicz, Edyta Zomkowska, Adam Rybak","doi":"10.24425/mms.2022.142273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/mms.2022.142273","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents selected physical diagnostic methods used in otorhinolaryngology and results of their application. In addition to the applications of methods using the capabilities of selective sensors, selected methods of hybrid diagnostics were also presented – for assessment of parameters of respiratory processes, with polysomnography as an example of using both typical diagnostic methods dedicated to otolaryngology, as well as standard EEG and ECG methods. It has been shown that in some special cases of respiratory disorders, measurements of the air flow in the respiratory tract can be supplemented with pressure measurementsinselectedpositionswithintheairways.Thepresentedopticalmethodsanddiagnosticsystems areveryoftenusedinthediagnosisofdiseasesnotspecificforotolaryngologyoccurringintheareaofthe headandneck.Thepresentedmaterialisthesecondpartofthestudydiscussingbothstandardandwidely useddiagnosticmethods.Allpresentedmethodsarededicatedtootolaryngology.Thistextisacontinuation ofthematerialpublishedinNo4of2021[1].","PeriodicalId":18394,"journal":{"name":"Metrology and Measurement Systems","volume":"33 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135584136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.24425/mms.2023.146418
This article proposes an unequivocal method of labeling and numbering the cladding modes propagating in single-modeopticalwaveguideswithtiltedperiodicstructures.Theunambiguousdeterminationofindividual propagatingmodesinthistypeofopticalfiberiscrucialfortheiruseinsensorysystems.Theselectionof theappropriatespectralrangeandmodedeterminesthesensitivityandmeasuringrangeoftiltedfiberBragg grating(TFBG)sensors.ThemeasurementmethodsproposedbyindividualresearchteamsusingTFBGs astransducersareusuallybasedontheselectionofspecificmodes.Unificationofthelabelingofmodes andtheirnumberingenablescomparisonofthebasicmetrologicalparametersofindividualmeasurement methodsandreproductionandverificationoftheproposedsensorsandmethodsinthelaboratoriesofother scientificandresearchcenters.
{"title":"Identification of cladding modes in SMF-28 fibers with TFBG structures","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/mms.2023.146418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/mms.2023.146418","url":null,"abstract":"This article proposes an unequivocal method of labeling and numbering the cladding modes propagating in single-modeopticalwaveguideswithtiltedperiodicstructures.Theunambiguousdeterminationofindividual propagatingmodesinthistypeofopticalfiberiscrucialfortheiruseinsensorysystems.Theselectionof theappropriatespectralrangeandmodedeterminesthesensitivityandmeasuringrangeoftiltedfiberBragg grating(TFBG)sensors.ThemeasurementmethodsproposedbyindividualresearchteamsusingTFBGs astransducersareusuallybasedontheselectionofspecificmodes.Unificationofthelabelingofmodes andtheirnumberingenablescomparisonofthebasicmetrologicalparametersofindividualmeasurement methodsandreproductionandverificationoftheproposedsensorsandmethodsinthelaboratoriesofother scientificandresearchcenters.","PeriodicalId":18394,"journal":{"name":"Metrology and Measurement Systems","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136262285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.24425/mms.2023.146415
The Helmholtz coil constant ( 𝑘 ℎ ) is a crucial standard in magnetic moment measurement devices for permanent magnet materials. To overcome the problem of low accuracy of the direct-current (DC) calibration method, this study used a constant sinusoidal current in the Helmholtz coil and measured the induced voltage of the detection coil with known coil turns and coil area. Subsequently, the 𝑘 ℎ was calculated. The noise signal deduction rate in the induction voltage of the detection coil was greater than 99%, its influence on the induction voltage is less than 0.005%, and the repeatability of the calibration results is 0.003% (1 𝛿 ). The results reveal that the alternating current (AC) method and orthogonal calculation (OC) can accurately measure the valid values of the voltage signal under the influence of the spatial stray field during the calibration of 𝑘 ℎ .
{"title":"An alternating current calibration method for Helmholtz coil constant based on orthogonal calculation principle","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/mms.2023.146415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/mms.2023.146415","url":null,"abstract":"The Helmholtz coil constant ( 𝑘 ℎ ) is a crucial standard in magnetic moment measurement devices for permanent magnet materials. To overcome the problem of low accuracy of the direct-current (DC) calibration method, this study used a constant sinusoidal current in the Helmholtz coil and measured the induced voltage of the detection coil with known coil turns and coil area. Subsequently, the 𝑘 ℎ was calculated. The noise signal deduction rate in the induction voltage of the detection coil was greater than 99%, its influence on the induction voltage is less than 0.005%, and the repeatability of the calibration results is 0.003% (1 𝛿 ). The results reveal that the alternating current (AC) method and orthogonal calculation (OC) can accurately measure the valid values of the voltage signal under the influence of the spatial stray field during the calibration of 𝑘 ℎ .","PeriodicalId":18394,"journal":{"name":"Metrology and Measurement Systems","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136262491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.24425/mms.2023.146421
Geospatial data obtained using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) are increasingly used to model the terrain in the coastal zone, in particular in shallow waterbodies (with a depth of up to 1 m). In order to generate a terrain relief, it is important to choose a method for modelling that will allow it to be accurately projected. Therefore, the aim of this article is to present a method for accuracy assessment of topo-bathymetric surface models based on geospatial data recorded by UAV and USV vehicles. Bathymetric and photogrammetric measurements were carried out on the waterbody adjacent to the public beach in Gdynia (Poland) in 2022 using a DJI Phantom 4 RTK UAV and an AutoDron USV. The geospatial data integration process was performed in the Surfer software. As a result, Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) in the coastal zone were developed using the following terrain modelling methods: Inverse Distance to a Power (IDP), Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), kriging, the Modified Shepard’s Method (MSM) and Natural Neighbour Interpolation (NNI). The conducted study does not clearly indicate any of the methods, as the selection of the method is also affected by the visualization of the generated model. However, having compared the accuracy measures of the charts and models obtained, it was concluded that for this type of data, the kriging (linear model) method was the best. Very good results were also obtained for the NNI method. The lowest value of the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) (0.030 m) and the lowest value of the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) (0.011 m) were noted for the GRID model interpolated with the kriging (linear model) method. Moreover, the NNI and kriging (linear model) methods obtained the highest coefficient of determination value (0.999). The NNI method has the lowest value of the R68 measure (0.009 m), while the lowest value of the R95 measure (0.033 m) was noted for the kriging (linear model) method.
{"title":"Method for accuracy assessment of topo-bathymetric surface models based on geospatial data recorded by UAV and USV vehicles","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/mms.2023.146421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/mms.2023.146421","url":null,"abstract":"Geospatial data obtained using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) are increasingly used to model the terrain in the coastal zone, in particular in shallow waterbodies (with a depth of up to 1 m). In order to generate a terrain relief, it is important to choose a method for modelling that will allow it to be accurately projected. Therefore, the aim of this article is to present a method for accuracy assessment of topo-bathymetric surface models based on geospatial data recorded by UAV and USV vehicles. Bathymetric and photogrammetric measurements were carried out on the waterbody adjacent to the public beach in Gdynia (Poland) in 2022 using a DJI Phantom 4 RTK UAV and an AutoDron USV. The geospatial data integration process was performed in the Surfer software. As a result, Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) in the coastal zone were developed using the following terrain modelling methods: Inverse Distance to a Power (IDP), Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), kriging, the Modified Shepard’s Method (MSM) and Natural Neighbour Interpolation (NNI). The conducted study does not clearly indicate any of the methods, as the selection of the method is also affected by the visualization of the generated model. However, having compared the accuracy measures of the charts and models obtained, it was concluded that for this type of data, the kriging (linear model) method was the best. Very good results were also obtained for the NNI method. The lowest value of the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) (0.030 m) and the lowest value of the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) (0.011 m) were noted for the GRID model interpolated with the kriging (linear model) method. Moreover, the NNI and kriging (linear model) methods obtained the highest coefficient of determination value (0.999). The NNI method has the lowest value of the R68 measure (0.009 m), while the lowest value of the R95 measure (0.033 m) was noted for the kriging (linear model) method.","PeriodicalId":18394,"journal":{"name":"Metrology and Measurement Systems","volume":"59 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136261729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.24425/mms.2023.146416
This paper presents a novel measurement method and briefly discusses the basic properties of direction of arrival (DoA) measurement in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar system by using orthogonality with time-division multiplexing (TDM), where only one transmitting antenna element is active in each time slot. This paper presents the mathematical model of the TDM-MIMO radar operating at 10 GHz, transmitting a string of pulses, the method of transmitting and receiving the signal, and the method of measuring the angle of arrival of the signal based on the use of the Capon algorithm and its modifications. Finally, the correctness of the theory, algorithm and method of measuring the direction of arrival of the signal is verified by experimental simulation. The work discussed in this paper is of great significance to practically demonstrate the capabilities of the TDM MIMO radar sensor in practical implementations like reconnaissance and electronic warfare systems.
{"title":"146416","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/mms.2023.146416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/mms.2023.146416","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel measurement method and briefly discusses the basic properties of direction of arrival (DoA) measurement in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar system by using orthogonality with time-division multiplexing (TDM), where only one transmitting antenna element is active in each time slot. This paper presents the mathematical model of the TDM-MIMO radar operating at 10 GHz, transmitting a string of pulses, the method of transmitting and receiving the signal, and the method of measuring the angle of arrival of the signal based on the use of the Capon algorithm and its modifications. Finally, the correctness of the theory, algorithm and method of measuring the direction of arrival of the signal is verified by experimental simulation. The work discussed in this paper is of great significance to practically demonstrate the capabilities of the TDM MIMO radar sensor in practical implementations like reconnaissance and electronic warfare systems.","PeriodicalId":18394,"journal":{"name":"Metrology and Measurement Systems","volume":"135 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136318654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.24425/mms.2023.146417
Experimental methods are presented for determining the thermal resistance of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) and the lateral electrical conductivity of their p-type semiconductor layers. A VCSEL structure was manufactured from III-As compounds on a gallium arsenide substrate. Conductivity was determined using transmission line measurement (TLM). Electrical and thermal parameters were determined for various ambient temperatures. The results could be used for computer analysis of VCSELs.
{"title":"Determination of electrical and thermal parameters of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/mms.2023.146417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/mms.2023.146417","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental methods are presented for determining the thermal resistance of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) and the lateral electrical conductivity of their p-type semiconductor layers. A VCSEL structure was manufactured from III-As compounds on a gallium arsenide substrate. Conductivity was determined using transmission line measurement (TLM). Electrical and thermal parameters were determined for various ambient temperatures. The results could be used for computer analysis of VCSELs.","PeriodicalId":18394,"journal":{"name":"Metrology and Measurement Systems","volume":"18 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136261871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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