Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723603640
N. G. Loiko, E. V. Tereshkin, V. V. Kovalenko, Y. F. Krupyanskii, K. B. Tereshkina
Abstract—
Adaptive mechanisms allow bacteria to survive even under extreme desiccation, which they face both in the natural environment and in biotechnological processes. The DNA-binding protein Dps plays an important role in this process. In the present work, we revealed the protective properties of the Dps protein under desiccation stress to depend on both the cultivation temperature and the temperature of the subsequent desiccation process. The experimental data obtained were successfully predicted by the calculations performed using modern classical molecular dynamics methods. The results of the study are important for applications in biotechnological production and microbial collections.
{"title":"Effect of Temperature on the Protective Properties of the Escherichia coli DNA-Binding Protein Dps under Desiccation Stress","authors":"N. G. Loiko, E. V. Tereshkin, V. V. Kovalenko, Y. F. Krupyanskii, K. B. Tereshkina","doi":"10.1134/s0026261723603640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261723603640","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>Adaptive mechanisms allow bacteria to survive even under extreme desiccation, which they face both in the natural environment and in biotechnological processes. The DNA-binding protein Dps plays an important role in this process. In the present work, we revealed the protective properties of the Dps protein under desiccation stress to depend on both the cultivation temperature and the temperature of the subsequent desiccation process. The experimental data obtained were successfully predicted by the calculations performed using modern classical molecular dynamics methods. The results of the study are important for applications in biotechnological production and microbial collections.</p>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139761350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723603901
A. V. Mardanov, E. A. Vasyagin, E. S. Mardanova, A. V. Beletsky, M. Yu. Shalamitskiy, T. N. Tanashchuk, V. N. Urakov, V. V. Kushnirov, A. L. Rakitin, N. V. Ravin
Abstract—
Ethyl carbamate, a potential carcinogen, is formed in wine as a result of a chemical reaction between ethanol and urea during fermentation and storage. Using genome editing methods, a modified strain of wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was constructed, with a deletion of the CAR1 arginase gene, leading to a decrease in the formation of urea from arginine. Transcriptome analysis by high-throughput sequencing identified 738 genes whose transcription level reliably changed more than twofold as a result of deletion of the CAR1 gene. Expression of most genes of the central metabolic pathways in the CAR1 deletion strain was decreased; increased transcription levels were observed for the Map kinase signaling cascades. Among the genes of arginine metabolism pathways, the level of transcription of the ornithine aminotransferase gene CAR2 increased significantly. The wine material obtained using a strain with a deletion of the CAR1 gene under micro-winemaking conditions contained 25% less urea than in the case of using an unmodified strain. The resulting strain of wine yeast, having lower urea levels, may be promising for winemaking.
{"title":"Transcriptome Analysis of a Wine Yeast Strain with a Deletion of the CAR1 Arginase Gene","authors":"A. V. Mardanov, E. A. Vasyagin, E. S. Mardanova, A. V. Beletsky, M. Yu. Shalamitskiy, T. N. Tanashchuk, V. N. Urakov, V. V. Kushnirov, A. L. Rakitin, N. V. Ravin","doi":"10.1134/s0026261723603901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261723603901","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>Ethyl carbamate, a potential carcinogen, is formed in wine as a result of a chemical reaction between ethanol and urea during fermentation and storage. Using genome editing methods, a modified strain of wine yeast <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> was constructed, with a deletion of the <i>CAR1</i> arginase gene, leading to a decrease in the formation of urea from arginine. Transcriptome analysis by high-throughput sequencing identified 738 genes whose transcription level reliably changed more than twofold as a result of deletion of the <i>CAR1</i> gene. Expression of most genes of the central metabolic pathways in the <i>CAR1</i> deletion strain was decreased; increased transcription levels were observed for the Map kinase signaling cascades. Among the genes of arginine metabolism pathways, the level of transcription of the ornithine aminotransferase gene <i>CAR2</i> increased significantly. The wine material obtained using a strain with a deletion of the <i>CAR1</i> gene under micro-winemaking conditions contained 25% less urea than in the case of using an unmodified strain. The resulting strain of wine yeast, having lower urea levels, may be promising for winemaking.</p>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139761271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723603627
O. V. Danilova, I. Y. Oshkin, R. S. Suleimanov, S. N. Dedysh
Abstract
Taxon “Methylospira mobilis” accommodates micro-aerobic, spiral-shaped methanotrophic bacteria, which are widely distributed in low-oxygen habitats. Due to difficulties of cultivation, these methanotrophs remained represented by a single isolate, strain Shm1, which was obtained from a boreal peat bog of European Russia. This study reports isolation of a novel member of this candidate genus, strain SPMX, obtained from a subarctic wetland. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain SPMX was identical to that in strain Shm1. The complete genome sequence of strain SPMX was 4.6 Mb in size and displayed 99.5% average nucleotide identity to the genome sequence of strain Shm1, thus suggesting affiliation of these bacteria to one methanotroph species. In contrast to strain Shm1, the new isolate was more tolerant to low temperatures and was less growth-dependent on the presence of СО2. The genomes of both spiral-shaped methanotrophs encoded form II ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase, which makes them different from the majority of other type X methanotrophs that possess form I of this enzyme.
{"title":"Phenotypic Characterization and Genome Analysis of a Novel Isolate of the Spiral-Shaped Methanotroph “Methylospira mobilis”","authors":"O. V. Danilova, I. Y. Oshkin, R. S. Suleimanov, S. N. Dedysh","doi":"10.1134/s0026261723603627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261723603627","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Taxon “<i>Methylospira mobilis</i>” accommodates micro-aerobic, spiral-shaped methanotrophic bacteria, which are widely distributed in low-oxygen habitats. Due to difficulties of cultivation, these methanotrophs remained represented by a single isolate, strain Shm1, which was obtained from a boreal peat bog of European Russia. This study reports isolation of a novel member of this candidate genus, strain SPMX, obtained from a subarctic wetland. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain SPMX was identical to that in strain Shm1. The complete genome sequence of strain SPMX was 4.6 Mb in size and displayed 99.5% average nucleotide identity to the genome sequence of strain Shm1, thus suggesting affiliation of these bacteria to one methanotroph species. In contrast to strain Shm1, the new isolate was more tolerant to low temperatures and was less growth-dependent on the presence of СО<sub>2</sub>. The genomes of both spiral-shaped methanotrophs encoded form II ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase, which makes them different from the majority of other type X methanotrophs that possess form I of this enzyme.</p>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140884149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723603949
S. E. Belova, I. Y. Oshkin, K. K. Miroshnikov, N. E. Suzina, O. V. Danilova, S. N. Dedysh
Abstract
A novel isolate of aerobic, mildly acidophilic methanotrophic bacteria, strain RX1T, was obtained from a subarctic Sphagnum peat bog in European Russia. Strain RX1T was represented by highly polymorphic, gram-negative, non-motile, encapsulated cells that possessed a particulate methane monooxygenase enzyme and grew on methane, methanol and acetate. Electron microscopy of ultrathin cell sections revealed stacks of intracytoplasmic membrane vesicles located on one side of a cell as characteristic for methanotrophs of the genus Methylocapsa. Strain RX1T was capable of fixing dinitrogen, belonged to the family Beijerinckiaceae, and was most closely related to the obligate methanotroph Methylocapsa acidiphila B2T (98.8% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and 92.2% of PmoA sequence identity). The genome of strain RX1T consisted of a 4.02 Mb chromosome and a 291 kb plasmid, and contained one rrn operon, one pmoCAB operon and about 3800 protein-coding genes. The average nucleotide identity between the genomes of strain RX1T and M. acidiphila B2T was 80.0%. Based on the distinct cell morphology, phenotypic and genotypic differences between strain RXT and earlier described members of the genus Methylocapsa, we propose to classify it as representing a novel species of this genus, M. polymorpha, with the type strain RX1T = VKM B-3754T = UQM 41806T.
{"title":"Methylocapsa polymorpha sp. nov., a Novel Dinitrogen-Fixing Methanotroph from a Subarctic Wetland","authors":"S. E. Belova, I. Y. Oshkin, K. K. Miroshnikov, N. E. Suzina, O. V. Danilova, S. N. Dedysh","doi":"10.1134/s0026261723603949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261723603949","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A novel isolate of aerobic, mildly acidophilic methanotrophic bacteria, strain RX1<sup>T</sup>, was obtained from a subarctic <i>Sphagnum</i> peat bog in European Russia. Strain RX1<sup>T</sup> was represented by highly polymorphic, gram-negative, non-motile, encapsulated cells that possessed a particulate methane monooxygenase enzyme and grew on methane, methanol and acetate. Electron microscopy of ultrathin cell sections revealed stacks of intracytoplasmic membrane vesicles located on one side of a cell as characteristic for methanotrophs of the genus <i>Methylocapsa</i>. Strain RX1<sup>T</sup> was capable of fixing dinitrogen, belonged to the family <i>Beijerinckiaceae,</i> and was most closely related to the obligate methanotroph <i>Methylocapsa acidiphila</i> B2<sup>T</sup> (98.8% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and 92.2% of PmoA sequence identity). The genome of strain RX1<sup>T</sup> consisted of a 4.02 Mb chromosome and a 291 kb plasmid, and contained one <i>rrn</i> operon, one <i>pmoCAB</i> operon and about 3800 protein-coding genes. The average nucleotide identity between the genomes of strain RX1<sup>T</sup> and <i>M. acidiphila</i> B2<sup>T</sup> was 80.0%. Based on the distinct cell morphology, phenotypic and genotypic differences between strain RX<sup>T</sup> and earlier described members of the genus <i>Methylocapsa</i>, we propose to classify it as representing a novel species of this genus, <i>M. polymorpha</i>, with the type strain RX1<sup>T</sup> = VKM B-3754<sup>T</sup> = UQM 41806<sup>T</sup>.</p>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140884000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.1134/s002626172360372x
O. N. Ilinskaya, A. G. Galeeva, M. A. Kharitonova, A. I. Kolpakov, M. S. Glukhov, O. N. Lopatin
Abstract—
Probiotic preparations are popular means for restoring the intestinal microbiota; their effectiveness requires long-term preservation of bacteria viability, induction of their proliferation, and manifestation of their functional properties in the body. Carriers of diverse nature are designed to ensure a prolonged release of the probiotic during their transit through the gastrointestinal tract. In the present work, a natural zeolite-containing rock with 25% clinoptilolite, which has sorption, detoxifying, and ion-exchange properties, was used as a carrier. Using transmission microscopy methods, the structure of the carrier was characterized, and the distribution of pores depending on their equivalent diameter was determined. It was shown that the size of the cavities was sufficient for adsorption of bacteria in the macropores and on the surface of the particles. Three Lactobacillus strains loaded onto a carrier and freeze-dried remained viable for 10 months.
{"title":"Probiotics on a Mineral Zeolite-Containing Carrier","authors":"O. N. Ilinskaya, A. G. Galeeva, M. A. Kharitonova, A. I. Kolpakov, M. S. Glukhov, O. N. Lopatin","doi":"10.1134/s002626172360372x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s002626172360372x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>Probiotic preparations are popular means for restoring the intestinal microbiota; their effectiveness requires long-term preservation of bacteria viability, induction of their proliferation, and manifestation of their functional properties in the body. Carriers of diverse nature are designed to ensure a prolonged release of the probiotic during their transit through the gastrointestinal tract. In the present work, a natural zeolite-containing rock with 25% clinoptilolite, which has sorption, detoxifying, and ion-exchange properties, was used as a carrier. Using transmission microscopy methods, the structure of the carrier was characterized, and the distribution of pores depending on their equivalent diameter was determined. It was shown that the size of the cavities was sufficient for adsorption of bacteria in the macropores and on the surface of the particles. Three <i>Lactobacillus</i> strains loaded onto a carrier and freeze-dried remained viable for 10 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139773397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723603937
A. L. Gerasimchuk, Y. S. Topilina, A. N. Sysoeva, A. A. Trifonov, E. Nurhayati, A. Y. Bagastyo, D. A. Ivasenko
Abstract
Strains of micromycetes and bacteria with lipolytic activity were isolated from oil palm biomass waste. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the obtained micromycetes are closely related to Penicillium chrysogenum, P. goetzii, P. citreosulfuratum, P. citrinum, Paecilomyces lilacinus, and Aspergillus hortae. Opportunistic microorganisms prevailed among the bacterial isolates. The non-opportunistic isolate Pseudomonas sp. Z-M-7T2 exhibited lipolytic activity but did not show active utilization of palm oil. The study showed that micromycete strains related to P.chrysogenum and P.goetzii are most promising for decomposition of oil palm biomass waste.
摘要从油棕生物质废料中分离出具有脂肪分解活性的微霉菌和细菌菌株。系统发育分析表明，所获得的微霉菌与蛹青霉、鹅膏蕈青霉、枸橼酸青霉、枸橼酸青霉、紫丁香白僵菌和黑曲霉密切相关。细菌分离物中主要是机会性微生物。非机会性微生物分离物假单胞菌 Z-M-7T2 具有脂肪分解活性，但没有表现出对棕榈油的积极利用。研究表明，与 P. chrysogenum 和 P. goetzii 相关的微霉菌菌株最有希望分解油棕榈生物质废物。
{"title":"Isolation of Microorganisms-Destructors from Palm Oil Production Waste and Study of Their Biotechnological Potential","authors":"A. L. Gerasimchuk, Y. S. Topilina, A. N. Sysoeva, A. A. Trifonov, E. Nurhayati, A. Y. Bagastyo, D. A. Ivasenko","doi":"10.1134/s0026261723603937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261723603937","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Strains of micromycetes and bacteria with lipolytic activity were isolated from oil palm biomass waste. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the obtained micromycetes are closely related to <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i>, <i>P. goetzii, P. citreosulfuratum, P. citrinum, Paecilomyces lilacinus</i>, and <i>Aspergillus hortae</i>. Opportunistic microorganisms prevailed among the bacterial isolates. The non-opportunistic isolate <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. Z-M-7T2 exhibited lipolytic activity but did not show active utilization of palm oil. The study showed that micromycete strains related to <i>P.</i> <i>chrysogenum</i> and <i>P.</i> <i>goetzii</i> are most promising for decomposition of oil palm biomass waste.</p>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140883887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723601768
Abstract
The distribution and phylogeny of the GroEL chaperonin genes in the type strains of all described species of pink-pigmented methylotrophic bacteria (PPFM) belonging to the genera Methylobacterium and Methylorubrum were analyzed. Half of the bacterial strains tested (38 out of 69) were found to possess multiple groEL genes. Analysis of their translated amino acid sequences and promoter regions preceding the groESL operons that include them demonstrated that the GroEL chaperonins of these methylotrophs form three similarity groups typical of PPFM. The largest of these (GroEL1) combines, apparently, essential housekeeping chaperonins, and the other two consist of additional separately clustered proteins that differ in the composition of the elements regulating their gene expression. The strains encoding proteins of the GroEL2 group were isolated from various environments, including those contaminated with industrially produced C1-compounds, while bacteria possessing GroEL3-like chaperonins are predominantly plant symbionts. It has been proposed that GroEL3 proteins may be involved in phytosymbiotic processes, whereas GroEL2 chaperonins can participate in response to specific stresses experienced by host cells in their habitats. At the same time, the GroEL chaperonin of Methylobacterium brachiatum B0021T, atypical for PPFM, seem to be intended for folding of dinuclear iron monooxygenase, in whose gene cluster it is encoded. Further testing of these assumptions should elucidate the roles of multiple GroEL chaperonins in PPFM and allow more complete use of their biotechnological potential as plant growth stimulants and biodegradation/bioremediation agents.
{"title":"Distribution and Potential Ecophysiological Roles of Multiple GroEL Chaperonins in Pink-Pigmented Facultative Methylotrophs","authors":"","doi":"10.1134/s0026261723601768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261723601768","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>The distribution and phylogeny of the GroEL chaperonin genes in the type strains of all described species of pink-pigmented methylotrophic bacteria (PPFM) belonging to the genera <em>Methylobacterium</em> and <em>Methylorubrum</em> were analyzed. Half of the bacterial strains tested (38 out of 69) were found to possess multiple <em>groEL</em> genes. Analysis of their translated amino acid sequences and promoter regions preceding the <em>groESL</em> operons that include them demonstrated that the GroEL chaperonins of these methylotrophs form three similarity groups typical of PPFM. The largest of these (GroEL1) combines, apparently, essential housekeeping chaperonins, and the other two consist of additional separately clustered proteins that differ in the composition of the elements regulating their gene expression. The strains encoding proteins of the GroEL2 group were isolated from various environments, including those contaminated with industrially produced C<sub>1</sub>-compounds, while bacteria possessing GroEL3-like chaperonins are predominantly plant symbionts. It has been proposed that GroEL3 proteins may be involved in phytosymbiotic processes, whereas GroEL2 chaperonins can participate in response to specific stresses experienced by host cells in their habitats. At the same time, the GroEL chaperonin of <em>Methylobacterium brachiatum</em> B0021<sup>T</sup>, atypical for PPFM, seem to be intended for folding of dinuclear iron monooxygenase, in whose gene cluster it is encoded. Further testing of these assumptions should elucidate the roles of multiple GroEL chaperonins in PPFM and allow more complete use of their biotechnological potential as plant growth stimulants and biodegradation/bioremediation agents.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140203384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723603263
Abstract
The community of cultured pseudomonads isolated from clayey organogenic deposits of the Mramornaya Cave (Primorskii krai) was investigated. The bacterial strains isolated in this work were eurythermal and psychrotolerant. Their taxonomic position was determined by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene fragments. Members of the genus Pseudomonas are known to inhabit all the ecological niches on Earth and, accordingly, have a wide range of adaptive functions. Microscopic techniques were used to establish the changes in the character of motility and the cell size stability with changes in the cultivation temperature. The studied strains are of scientific and applied interest due to their enzymatic activity against several substrates simultaneously at different temperatures (25 and 4°C), as well as to the ability to secrete cold-active pectinase, protease, and lipase. However, phosphate-solubilizing activity both at 4 and at 25°C became preferable for the strains. The Mramornaya Cave is of karst origin and is characterized by carbonate karst, which explains the preference for calcium phosphate in the studied strains. Analysis of the obtained data showed that the collection of cultivated bacteria obtained in the present work included both typical psychrotolerant ones, which exhibited enzymatic activity at optimal growth temperature, and unique ones, capable of synthesizing a wide range of enzymes under the temperature different from their growth optimum.
{"title":"Characteristics of Psychrotolerant Pseudomonads Isolated from Organogenic Clay Deposits of the Mramornaya Cave (Primorskii Krai)","authors":"","doi":"10.1134/s0026261723603263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261723603263","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>The community of cultured pseudomonads isolated from clayey organogenic deposits of the Mramornaya Cave (Primorskii krai) was investigated. The bacterial strains isolated in this work were eurythermal and psychrotolerant. Their taxonomic position was determined by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene fragments. Members of the genus <em>Pseudomonas</em> are known to inhabit all the ecological niches on Earth and, accordingly, have a wide range of adaptive functions. Microscopic techniques were used to establish the changes in the character of motility and the cell size stability with changes in the cultivation temperature. The studied strains are of scientific and applied interest due to their enzymatic activity against several substrates simultaneously at different temperatures (25 and 4°C), as well as to the ability to secrete cold-active pectinase, protease, and lipase. However, phosphate-solubilizing activity both at 4 and at 25°C became preferable for the strains. The Mramornaya Cave is of karst origin and is characterized by carbonate karst, which explains the preference for calcium phosphate in the studied strains. Analysis of the obtained data showed that the collection of cultivated bacteria obtained in the present work included both typical psychrotolerant ones, which exhibited enzymatic activity at optimal growth temperature, and unique ones, capable of synthesizing a wide range of enzymes under the temperature different from their growth optimum.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140203368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723603512
Abstract
Microbial degradation of pollutants is a safe and cost-effective way to clean the environment. However, little is known on changes at the cell ultrastructure level and on the mechanisms of adaptation in general to xenobiotics under conditions of their biodegradation. Rhodococcus sp. strain 7Ba is capable of preserving long-term viability and the ability to degrade when growing with phenol at up to 1 g/L. Destructive morphological changes at the ultrastructural level were not detected in the cells growing on phenol, which indicated rapid adaptation to it. Strain 7Ba cells formed a polysaccharide matrix under all experimental conditions. Investigation of the growth of spore-forming bacteria cells on glyphosate (0.5 g/L) showed that, although the substrate was not optimal, the cells were able to grow on it. The cells of Paenibacillus sp. GP5-2 and Rossellomorea sp. GP5-7 exhibited ultrastructural changes and a delay in spore formation (for strain GP5-2). The detected changes were adaptive, and further study will improve our understanding of their strategy ensuring the preservation of survival and the ability to degrade.
{"title":"Viability and Ultrastructural Changes of Bacterial Cells Grown in the Presence of a Pollutant","authors":"","doi":"10.1134/s0026261723603512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261723603512","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Microbial degradation of pollutants is a safe and cost-effective way to clean the environment. However, little is known on changes at the cell ultrastructure level and on the mechanisms of adaptation in general to xenobiotics under conditions of their biodegradation. <em>Rhodococcus</em> sp. strain 7Ba is capable of preserving long-term viability and the ability to degrade when growing with phenol at up to 1 g/L. Destructive morphological changes at the ultrastructural level were not detected in the cells growing on phenol, which indicated rapid adaptation to it. Strain 7Ba cells formed a polysaccharide matrix under all experimental conditions. Investigation of the growth of spore-forming bacteria cells on glyphosate (0.5 g/L) showed that, although the substrate was not optimal, the cells were able to grow on it. The cells of <em>Paenibacillus</em> sp. GP5-2 and <em>Rossellomorea</em> sp. GP5-7 exhibited ultrastructural changes and a delay in spore formation (for strain GP5-2). The detected changes were adaptive, and further study will improve our understanding of their strategy ensuring the preservation of survival and the ability to degrade.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139761270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723603536
Abstract—
Methylococcus capsulatus MIR is a biotechnologically promising strain of methanotrophic bacteria for obtaining feed protein and other value-added products from methane. This strain assimilates methane carbon mainly via the ribulose monophosphate pathway, the key enzymes of which are 3-hexulose-6-phosphate synthase and 6-phospho-3-hexulose isomerase. It was shown that the presence of one, two, or three copies of the genes encoding hexulose phosphate synthase/isomerase affected the level of the total gene expression but did not affect the growth characteristics of the strain and did not correlate with the protein content in the cells. The data obtained indicate that fixation of formaldehyde by hexulose phosphate synthase is not the reaction limiting the growth of bacteria of the genus Methylococcus.
摘要- Methylococcus capsulatus MIR 是一株具有生物技术前景的甲烷营养细菌，可从甲烷中获取饲料蛋白和其他增值产品。该菌株主要通过核酮糖单磷酸途径同化甲烷碳，其关键酶为 3-己酮糖-6-磷酸合成酶和 6-磷酸-3-己酮糖异构酶。研究表明，编码磷酸己糖合成酶/异构酶基因的一个、两个或三个拷贝的存在会影响总基因的表达水平，但不会影响菌株的生长特性，也与细胞中的蛋白质含量无关。获得的数据表明，磷酸己糖合成酶固定甲醛并不是限制甲基球菌属细菌生长的反应。
{"title":"Effect of the hps/phi Copy Number on the Growth of Methylococcus capsulatus MIR","authors":"","doi":"10.1134/s0026261723603536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261723603536","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3> <strong>Abstract</strong>—</h3> <p><em>Methylococcus capsulatus</em> MIR is a biotechnologically promising strain of methanotrophic bacteria for obtaining feed protein and other value-added products from methane. This strain assimilates methane carbon mainly via the ribulose monophosphate pathway, the key enzymes of which are 3-hexulose-6-phosphate synthase and 6-phospho-3-hexulose isomerase. It was shown that the presence of one, two, or three copies of the genes encoding hexulose phosphate synthase/isomerase affected the level of the total gene expression but did not affect the growth characteristics of the strain and did not correlate with the protein content in the cells. The data obtained indicate that fixation of formaldehyde by hexulose phosphate synthase is not the reaction limiting the growth of bacteria of the genus <em>Methylococcus</em>.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139761269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号