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Characterization of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa RSRod01 Isolated from Trifolium sp. Root Nodules Growing at a Pb-Zn Mine Site 某铅锌矿三叶草根瘤分离株粘液红霉菌RSRod01的鉴定
IF 1.5 4区 生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723600891
S. Rahal, B. Menaa, D. Chekireb

Abstract

New advance in plant–microorganism interactions research revealed the ability of plants to affect the composition of root-associated microbial communities, selecting for the microorganisms required for their growth in different ecosystems under stress conditions. Yeasts can play important roles in promoting plant growth; however, little information is available in this regard. In this study, we evaluated the ability of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa RSRod01 strain isolated from the root nodules of Trifolium sp. collected from a Pb-Zn mine soil to promote plant growth in vitro by producing a siderophore and extracellular enzymes, and exhibiting antifungal activity, as well as its tolerance to heavy metals and salinity. The results showed that the isolate possessed important plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits, including the capacity to grow at 4% salt concentration and resistance to high levels of heavy metals. Resistance to heavy metals decreased in the following row: Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Co2+ > Zn2+ = Ni2+ > Cd2+> Cr6+.

摘要植物与微生物相互作用研究的新进展揭示了植物在逆境条件下影响根系相关微生物群落组成,选择不同生态系统生长所需微生物的能力。酵母对植物生长具有重要的促进作用;但是,这方面的资料很少。在本研究中,我们评估了从三叶草根瘤中分离的粘红酵母RSRod01菌株通过产生铁载体和胞外酶促进植物体外生长的能力,并表现出抗真菌活性,以及对重金属和盐的耐受性。结果表明,该分离物具有促进植物生长的重要性状,包括在4%盐浓度下的生长能力和对高浓度重金属的抗性。对重金属的抗性依次下降:Pb2+ >Cu2 +比;二氧化碳+比;Zn2+ = Ni2+ >Cd2 +比;Cr6 +。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of the Bacteriocin Subtilosin P19 on Bacillus anthracis Spores 细菌素Subtilosin P19对炭疽芽孢杆菌孢子的影响
IF 1.5 4区 生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723602105
V. D. Pokhilenko, V. N. Gerasimov, S. K. Zhigletsova, T. A. Kalmantaev, I. A. Chukina, R. I. Mironova, A. R. Gajtrafimova

Abstract

This is the first report on electron microscopic investigation of the effect of bacteriocin on Bacillus anthracis spores. The new bacteriocin, subtilosin P19, isolated from a natural Bacillus subtilis strain, effectively killed dormant B. anthracis spores at concentrations of 0.5‒35 µg/mL after 60-min exposure. Our data, combined with analysis of the known mechanisms of the action of bacteriocins, suggest that the mechanism of spore inactivation was apparently based on multiple disruptions of the integrity of the inner and outer membranes surrounding the cortex of the dormant spore. It is also likely that the molecular configuration of subtilosin P19 allows it to penetrate through the outer integuments and to damage the vital membrane structures of the anthrax spores. Subtilosin P19 can serve as a promising basis for new antimicrobial preparations of natural origin.

摘要:本文首次报道了细菌素对炭疽芽孢杆菌孢子作用的电镜研究。从天然枯草芽孢杆菌菌株中分离得到的新细菌素subtilosin P19,在0.5 ~ 35µg/mL的浓度下,暴露60 min后能有效杀死休眠的炭疽芽孢杆菌孢子。我们的数据,结合对细菌素作用的已知机制的分析,表明孢子失活的机制显然是基于围绕休眠孢子皮层的内外膜完整性的多重破坏。subtilosin P19的分子结构也可能使其能够穿透外被膜并破坏炭疽孢子的重要膜结构。Subtilosin P19可作为天然来源的新型抗菌制剂的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Biodiversity, Isolation and Sequencing of Lactococcus lactis Bacteriophages from Dairy Industry Plants in Russia 俄罗斯乳业工厂乳酸乳球菌噬菌体的生物多样性、分离和测序
IF 1.5 4区 生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723601823
P. Pechenov, D. Stanovov, A. Efimov, I. Belalov, E. Kulikov, A. Letarov

Abstract

Starter culture lysis by Lactococcus lactis bacteriophages is one of the leading causes of the fermentation failure in dairy industry. In the present work we performed a PCR grouping of lactophages identified in 73 samples of milk whey obtained from industrial facilities located in Russia. From these samples we isolated 10 novel L. lactis bacteriophages associated with the fermentation failure in different regions of the Russian Federation. The genomes of these bacteriophage isolates are closely related and similar to the known c2-like phages (Ceduovirus genus). However, the allelic variants of the receptor recognition proteins found in these genomes were different.

摘要乳酸菌噬菌体裂解发酵剂是乳制品发酵失败的主要原因之一。在目前的工作中,我们对从俄罗斯工业设施获得的73份乳清样品中鉴定的乳清噬菌体进行了PCR分组。从这些样品中,我们分离出10种与俄罗斯联邦不同地区发酵失败相关的新型乳酸乳杆菌噬菌体。这些噬菌体分离物的基因组与已知的c2样噬菌体(ceduvirus属)密切相关且相似。然而,在这些基因组中发现的受体识别蛋白的等位变异是不同的。
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引用次数: 0
Unraveling the Concealed Microbiome of a Dumpsite and a Conserved Wetland 揭示垃圾场和受保护湿地中隐藏的微生物群
IF 1.5 4区 生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1134/s0026261722603050
M. B. Chakraborty, S. R. Patgiri, T. Joishy

Abstract

Massive quantitities of waste generated by rising human population and rapid urbanisation are often disposed of into open dumps or landfills. The leachates released from these dumpsites penetrate the soil and can alter the existing biotic communities of the soil. In soil, the microbial communities are the dominant drivers which undergo changes in community structure and diversity in response to the changes in their biotic and abiotic environment. The heterogeneous waste disposed in a dumpsite or a landfill releases leachate containing nutrients along with toxic chemicals and allochthonous microorganisms in the soil. How the microbial community structure and diversity changes in a landfill or a dumpsite soil receiving leachate from it are some important questions from the perspective of microbial ecology. To unravel the community structure of bacteria inthe soil receiving dumpsite leachate and to assess the disturbance diversity relationship in this site, a comparative metagenomic analysis of the soil receiving dumpsite leachate and that of the soil of an adjacent wetland (conserved under Ramsar convention) not receiving dumpsite leachate used as the reference point was done to observe the effect of waste dumping activity on microbial diversity. The microbial diversity of the soil receiving dumpsite leachate and that of the wetland soil were found to differ significantly. Higher microbial diversity was observed in the dumpsite soil, while the wetland soil showed relative dominance of a few microbial taxa.

人口增长和快速城市化所产生的大量垃圾往往被弃置在露天垃圾场或垃圾填埋场。从这些垃圾场释放的渗滤液渗入土壤,可以改变土壤中现有的生物群落。在土壤中,微生物群落是主要的驱动因素,其群落结构和多样性随其生物和非生物环境的变化而变化。在垃圾场或垃圾填埋场处理的异质废物释放出含有营养物质的渗滤液,以及有毒化学物质和土壤中的外来微生物。从微生物生态学的角度来看,垃圾填埋场或垃圾场土壤中微生物群落结构和多样性的变化是一个重要的问题。为了揭示垃圾场渗滤液土壤中细菌的群落结构,并评估该站点的干扰多样性关系,以垃圾场渗滤液土壤与相邻湿地(拉姆萨尔公约保护湿地)土壤为参照点,进行了宏基因组对比分析,观察垃圾倾倒活动对土壤微生物多样性的影响。垃圾场渗滤液接收土壤的微生物多样性与湿地土壤存在显著差异。堆积场土壤微生物多样性较高,湿地土壤微生物类群相对优势。
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引用次数: 0
Phylogenetic Diversity of Prokaryotic Communities of the Upper Sediment Layers of the Kandalaksha Bay, White Sea 白海坎达拉沙湾上层沉积物原核生物群落的系统发育多样性
IF 1.5 4区 生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1134/s002626172360204x
D. V. Badmadashiev, A. R. Stroeva, A. A. Klyukina, E. N. Poludetkina, E. A. Bonch-Osmolovskaya

Abstract

Microbial communities of the sediments of the Kandalaksha Bay (White Sea) remain insufficiently studied. While the data on the rates of some microbial processes are available, very little is known about microorganisms inhabiting these sediments. In the this study, high-throughput sequencing of variable regions of 16S rRNA genes was used to characterize the microbial communities of 47 Kandalaksha Bay sediment samples collected at 10 cm below the bottom surface. Pseudomonadota and Desulfobacterota were the most abundant phyla, comprising together about a half of all prokaryotes. Determination of the dominant genus-level taxon proved impossible. The most represented chemoorganotrophic microorganisms were uncultured Sandaracinaceae (up to 10.8%) and Woeseia (up to 7.5%). Sulfate-reducing bacteria were important community components in the studied upper sediment layers, with uncultured groups SEEP-SRB1 (up to 7.0%) and Sva0081 (up to 5.9%) being the most abundant. In some samples, the genera Sulfurovum (up to 15.5%) and Thiohalophilus (up to 7.0%) involved in the oxidation of sulfur compounds were found to be important components of the community. Among the archaeal ASVs, the genus Nitrosopumilus oxidizing ammonium to nitrite exhibited the highest relative abundance (up to 6.9% of the total number of prokaryotes). Numerous sequences identified as the 16S rRNA gene fragments of chloroplasts were found in the samples, indicating that the rate of organic matter delivery to the upper sediment layers exceeded the rate of its degradation.

摘要:坎大拉克沙湾(白海)沉积物的微生物群落研究尚不充分。虽然关于某些微生物过程速率的数据是可用的,但对居住在这些沉积物中的微生物知之甚少。在本研究中,采用16S rRNA基因可变区域的高通量测序方法,对采集于坎达拉克沙湾底面以下10 cm的47个沉积物样品的微生物群落进行了表征。假单胞菌门和脱硫菌门是最丰富的门,约占所有原核生物的一半。确定优势属级分类群是不可能的。最具代表性的化学有机营养微生物是未培养的Sandaracinaceae(占10.8%)和Woeseia(占7.5%)。硫酸盐还原菌是研究的上层沉积物中重要的群落组成,其中未培养的SEEP-SRB1(高达7.0%)和Sva0081(高达5.9%)的数量最多。在一些样品中,参与硫化合物氧化的Sulfurovum属(高达15.5%)和Thiohalophilus属(高达7.0%)被发现是该群落的重要组成部分。在古细菌asv中,亚硝酸菌属(Nitrosopumilus)的相对丰度最高,占原核生物总数的6.9%。在样品中发现了大量鉴定为叶绿体16S rRNA基因片段的序列,表明有机物向上层沉积物层输送的速度超过了其降解的速度。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of the Extracts from Lichens and Lichenophilic Fungi on In Vitro Growth of Clinically Significant Microorganisms 地衣及嗜地衣真菌提取物对临床重要微生物体外生长的影响
IF 1.5 4区 生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723602087
T. A. Pankratov, R. E. Shcherbatov, A. A. Del’tsov

Abstract

The activity of the ethanol extracts of lichens (LE), of the cultures of lichenophilic (endobiotic) fungi (LFE), and of ethanol extracts of these cultures was tested using the following test organisms: Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Enterococcus faecium, Paenibacillus sp., and Candida parapsilosis. Selective activity of LE and LFE against yeasts and gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was revealed. The extracts from Cladonia rangiferina exhibited no activity against any of the tested cultures. The previously reported locus effect on activity of metabolites of one lichen species was confirmed. Agar block technique was used to detect selective activity of 23 out of 61 analyzed fungal strains against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and of 8 strains, against yeasts. Ethanol extracts of six cultures were shown to suppress the growth of St. aureus, M. luteus, Paenibacillus sp., and E. coli. Strain NM10F28209 from the lichen Stereocaulon paschale, which exhibited inhibitory activity against Ca. parapsilosis was selected for priority development of an antifungal preparation.

摘要采用大肠杆菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、荧光假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、黄体微球菌、粪肠球菌、芽孢杆菌和副假丝酵母等试验菌,对地衣(LE)乙醇提取物、嗜地衣(LFE)内生真菌(LFE)培养物以及这些培养物乙醇提取物的活性进行了测试。揭示了LE和LFE对酵母菌、革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌的选择性活性。桔梗提取物对任一种受试培养物均无活性。先前报道的位点效应对一种地衣代谢物活性的影响得到了证实。采用琼脂块技术检测61株真菌中23株对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性菌的选择性活性,8株对酵母的选择性活性。六种培养物的乙醇提取物显示出抑制金黄色葡萄球菌、黄体芽孢杆菌、Paenibacillus sp.和大肠杆菌的生长。结果表明,菌株NM10F28209具有较强的抗菌活性。
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引用次数: 0
Methods for Determination of Antimicrobial Activity of Bacteriocins of Lactic Acid Bacteria 乳酸菌中细菌素抗菌活性的测定方法
IF 1.5 4区 生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723600520
M. K. Yadav, S. K. Tiwari

Abstract

There are different methods used for the determination of antimicrobial activity of bacteriocins. The most commonly used are the disk-diffusion and dilution methods. The other methods such as point inoculation method, agar overlay assay, cross streak method, radial streak method, agar plug diffusion method, spot-on-lawn assay, Oxford cup method, agar well diffusion assay, and vesicle-based colorimetric assay are also used for the determination of antimicrobial activity of bacteriocins. The inhibitory effect of bacteriocins is dependent on time, concentration and type of bacteriocins. The antimicrobial activity is also dependent on the solid or liquid medium used for the growth of indicator bacteria. A vesicle-based assay which is indicator-independent has also been used for the detection of antimicrobial activity of bacteriocins. In this review, we have discussed the conventional and modern methods which are indicator-dependent and -independent for the detection of bacteriocins and high-throughput screening of bacteriocin-producing strains of lactic acid bacteria.

摘要细菌素的抑菌活性测定方法多种多样。最常用的是圆盘扩散法和稀释法。其他方法如点接种法、琼脂覆盖法、交叉条纹法、径向条纹法、琼脂塞扩散法、现场草坪法、牛津杯法、琼脂孔扩散法、囊泡比色法等也可用于测定细菌素的抗菌活性。细菌素的抑制作用与时间、浓度和种类有关。抗菌活性还取决于用于指示剂细菌生长的固体或液体培养基。一种基于囊泡的不依赖于指标的测定方法也被用于检测细菌素的抗菌活性。本文综述了乳酸菌中细菌素的传统检测方法和不依赖指标的现代检测方法,以及产细菌素菌株的高通量筛选方法。
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引用次数: 0
Secondary Metabolites of Bifido- and Lactobacteria Fulfilling Signal Functions 双歧杆菌和乳杆菌完成信号功能的次生代谢物
IF 1.5 4区 生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723601549
O. V. Bukharin, N. B. Perunova, Yu. A. Nikolaev, E. V. Ivanova, A. V. Oleskin, G. I. El’-Registan

Abstract

The culture liquid of lactic-acid bacteria (LABs) and bifidobacteria contained secondary metabolites fulfilling signal functions, such as guaiacol and γ-butyrolactone. In addition, 4-hexylresorcinol was detected in the cell extract of Bifidobacterium bifidum 791. No homoserine lactones were produced by the tested microorganisms. The presence of metabolites with signal functions in conjunction with the available data on the synthesis of neuroactive amines, amino acids, and prebiotics by LABs and bifidobacteria indicates that these bacteria can strongly influence the functioning of the whole human symbiotic microbiota as well as the human host’s health state.

摘要乳酸菌和双歧杆菌培养液中含有愈创木酚和γ-丁内酯等具有信号功能的次生代谢产物。此外,在两歧双歧杆菌791细胞提取物中检测到4-己基间苯二酚。所测微生物不产生同型丝氨酸内酯。具有信号功能的代谢物的存在,结合实验室和双歧杆菌合成神经活性胺、氨基酸和益生元的现有数据,表明这些细菌可以强烈影响整个人类共生微生物群的功能以及人类宿主的健康状态。
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引用次数: 0
Model Periphyton Biofilms: Biological System of Bioremediation of Synthetic Plastics 生物膜模型:合成塑料生物修复的生物系统
4区 生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1134/s002626172260358x
P. S. Amritha, Vinod. Veena, P. B. Harathi
{"title":"Model Periphyton Biofilms: Biological System of Bioremediation of Synthetic Plastics","authors":"P. S. Amritha, Vinod. Veena, P. B. Harathi","doi":"10.1134/s002626172260358x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s002626172260358x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135151917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Methane Production in a Temperate Freshwater Lake during an Intense Cyanobacterial Bloom 在强烈的蓝藻水华期间,温带淡水湖的甲烷产量
4区 生物学 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723601586
A. Yu. Kallistova, A. I. Kosyakova, I. I. Rusanov, V. V. Kadnikov, A. V. Beletsky, D. D. Koval’, S. K. Yusupov, I. Zekker, N. V. Pimenov
{"title":"Methane Production in a Temperate Freshwater Lake during an Intense Cyanobacterial Bloom","authors":"A. Yu. Kallistova, A. I. Kosyakova, I. I. Rusanov, V. V. Kadnikov, A. V. Beletsky, D. D. Koval’, S. K. Yusupov, I. Zekker, N. V. Pimenov","doi":"10.1134/s0026261723601586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261723601586","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":"219 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135151493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Microbiology
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