Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723602385
O. A. Danilova, E. A. Ianutsevich, A. B. Antropova, V. M. Tereshina
Abstract—
Investigation of the lipid and osmolyte composition in conidia of the xerohalophile Aspergillus penicilloides grown on media with high NaCl and glycerol concentrations is important for the understanding of the functions of these compounds in the adaptation of the extremophile. Conidia of the fungus grown on a medium with glycerol contained up to 15% of the dry mass of carbohydrates and polyols (CaP) of the cytosol, with predominance of glycerol (60% of the total) in their composition, while on a medium with salt, the proportion of glycerol did not exceed 20% and the amount of CaP was 10%. On both media, the proportion (20%) and amount (2.5%) of trehalose were the same; the proportion of polyols was thus about 80%, although their composition was different, indicating a possible synergy between trehalose and polyols in adaptation. Both variants of conidia were characterized by a low content of both membrane and storage lipids represented mainly by triacylglycerides. Phosphatidylcholines and sterols were the predominant membrane lipids of the fungal conidia, regardless of the composition of the medium, which indicated high stability and conservatism of the lipid bilayer. The constancy of the composition of membrane and storage lipids and their low content, the high level of CaP, and significant differences in their composition indicate the key role of osmolytes in the adaptation of fungal conidia to various environmental conditions.
{"title":"Osmolytes and Lipids of the Conidia of the Xerohalophilic Micromycete Aspergillus penicillioides","authors":"O. A. Danilova, E. A. Ianutsevich, A. B. Antropova, V. M. Tereshina","doi":"10.1134/s0026261723602385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261723602385","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>Investigation of the lipid and osmolyte composition in conidia of the xerohalophile <i>Aspergillus penicilloides</i> grown on media with high NaCl and glycerol concentrations is important for the understanding of the functions of these compounds in the adaptation of the extremophile. Conidia of the fungus grown on a medium with glycerol contained up to 15% of the dry mass of carbohydrates and polyols (CaP) of the cytosol, with predominance of glycerol (60% of the total) in their composition, while on a medium with salt, the proportion of glycerol did not exceed 20% and the amount of CaP was 10%. On both media, the proportion (20%) and amount (2.5%) of trehalose were the same; the proportion of polyols was thus about 80%, although their composition was different, indicating a possible synergy between trehalose and polyols in adaptation. Both variants of conidia were characterized by a low content of both membrane and storage lipids represented mainly by triacylglycerides. Phosphatidylcholines and sterols were the predominant membrane lipids of the fungal conidia, regardless of the composition of the medium, which indicated high stability and conservatism of the lipid bilayer. The constancy of the composition of membrane and storage lipids and their low content, the high level of CaP, and significant differences in their composition indicate the key role of osmolytes in the adaptation of fungal conidia to various environmental conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":"18 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138527293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723600167
F. Emami, G. Zarrini, A. Kadkhodaie
Abstract
A strain capable of efficient biodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene was isolated from oil-contaminated soil samples. The strain, designated BDS24, was a rod-shaped gram-negative bacterium. Molecular identification based on its 16S rDNA gene sequence showed that this strain belonged to the genus Klebsiella. Examining its ability to desulfurize dibenzothiophene by gas chromatography revealed that this isolate consumed 0.5 mM of dibenzothiophene within 72 h. Evaluation of growth characteristics by the tetrazolium chloride assay showed that BDS24 isolate reached its maximum growth in the exponential phase after 60 h of growth with DBT. Compared to the reported 4S metabolic pathway, an extended 4S pathway was proposed for the desulfurization of dibenzothiophene, which has not been formerly reported in the literature. A decrease of 88% of the total sulfur content of crude oil sample by a Klebsiella strain has not been achieved previously. These results indicate that Klebsiella sp. BDS24 is an adequate candidate for deep biodesulfurization of crude oil.
{"title":"Utilization of Dibenzothiophene and Desulfurization of Crude Oil by a New Klebsiella sp. Strain BDS24 and the Proposed Metabolic Pathway","authors":"F. Emami, G. Zarrini, A. Kadkhodaie","doi":"10.1134/s0026261723600167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261723600167","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A strain capable of efficient biodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene was isolated from oil-contaminated soil samples. The strain, designated BDS24, was a rod-shaped gram-negative bacterium. Molecular identification based on its 16S rDNA gene sequence showed that this strain belonged to the genus <i>Klebsiella</i>. Examining its ability to desulfurize dibenzothiophene by gas chromatography revealed that this isolate consumed 0.5 mM of dibenzothiophene within 72 h. Evaluation of growth characteristics by the tetrazolium chloride assay showed that BDS24 isolate reached its maximum growth in the exponential phase after 60 h of growth with DBT. Compared to the reported 4S metabolic pathway, an extended 4S pathway was proposed for the desulfurization of dibenzothiophene, which has not been formerly reported in the literature. A decrease of 88% of the total sulfur content of crude oil sample by a <i>Klebsiella</i> strain has not been achieved previously. These results indicate that <i>Klebsiella</i> sp. BDS24 is an adequate candidate for deep biodesulfurization of crude oil.</p>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138527283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723602051
O. N. Lunina, D. S. Grouzdev, S. V. Patsaeva, A. A. Zhil’tsova, N. E. Suzina, E. D. Krasnova, D. A. Voronov, N. M. Kokryatskaya, E. F. Veslopolova, A. S. Savvichev
Abstract—
The composition and structure of the anoxygenic phototrophic bacterial (APB) community in the water column of meromictic Lake Bol’shie Khruslomeny during winter were investigated. The community developed at the depth of 4.25 m, and its activity in the ice-cover period was very low (6.2 µmol C L–1 day–1). The water in the zone of highest development of phototrophic bacteria was of an unusual lemon-yellow color, probably due to the production and accumulation of polysulfides. The near-bottom water was also of lemon-yellow color and was resistant to oxidation by the air oxygen. In the zone of peak APB development the content of BChl d from green-colored green sulfur bacteria was considerably higher than that of BChl e from brown-colored green sulfur bacteria: 77 and 23%, respectively. The cultures of green and purple sulfur bacteria were isolated from lake water, and their physiological and genetic characteristics were determined. Two strains of green sulfur bacteria (brown-colored BrKhr17 and green-colored GrKhr17) contained gas vacuoles in their cells. Phylogenetically they were most closely related to the green-colored strain Chlorobium phaeovibrioides DSM 265 and were identified as new strains of the species Chlorobium phaeovibrioides.
摘要/ abstract摘要:研究了博什湖冬季水体中无氧光养细菌(APB)群落的组成和结构。群落发育深度为4.25 m，冰盖期活度较低(6.2µmol C L-1 day-1)。光养细菌最高发育区的水呈不寻常的柠檬黄色，可能是由于多硫化物的产生和积累。接近底部的水也是柠檬黄色的，并且抵抗空气中的氧气氧化。在APB发育峰区，绿绿硫菌的BChl d含量显著高于棕绿硫菌的BChl e含量，分别为77%和23%。从湖水中分离出绿硫菌和紫硫菌，并对其生理和遗传特性进行了测定。两株绿色硫细菌(棕色的BrKhr17和绿色的GrKhr17)细胞中含有气体液泡。在系统发育上，它们与绿色菌株蓝弧菌DSM 265亲缘关系最近，被鉴定为绿弧菌属的新种。
{"title":"Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria of the Meromictic Lake Bol’shie Khruslomeny (Oleniy Island, Kandalaksha Gulf, Murmansk Oblast, Russia)","authors":"O. N. Lunina, D. S. Grouzdev, S. V. Patsaeva, A. A. Zhil’tsova, N. E. Suzina, E. D. Krasnova, D. A. Voronov, N. M. Kokryatskaya, E. F. Veslopolova, A. S. Savvichev","doi":"10.1134/s0026261723602051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261723602051","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>The composition and structure of the anoxygenic phototrophic bacterial (APB) community in the water column of meromictic Lake Bol’shie Khruslomeny during winter were investigated. The community developed at the depth of 4.25 m, and its activity in the ice-cover period was very low (6.2 µmol C L<sup>–1</sup> day<sup>–1</sup>). The water in the zone of highest development of phototrophic bacteria was of an unusual lemon-yellow color, probably due to the production and accumulation of polysulfides. The near-bottom water was also of lemon-yellow color and was resistant to oxidation by the air oxygen. In the zone of peak APB development the content of BChl <i>d</i> from green-colored green sulfur bacteria was considerably higher than that of BChl <i>e</i> from brown-colored green sulfur bacteria: 77 and 23%, respectively. The cultures of green and purple sulfur bacteria were isolated from lake water, and their physiological and genetic characteristics were determined. Two strains of green sulfur bacteria (brown-colored <i>Br</i>Khr17 and green-colored <i>Gr</i>Khr17) contained gas vacuoles in their cells. Phylogenetically they were most closely related to the green-colored strain <i>Chlorobium phaeovibrioides</i> DSM 265 and were identified as new strains of the species <i>Chlorobium phaeovibrioides</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138542238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723600027
R. K. Sardar
Abstract
The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of marine bacteria have aroused widespread attention due to their low virulence potential, non-toxicity, and nutritional and therapeutic benefits. Due to their unusual chemical compositions, these traits are best displayed in their natural sea environment. The LPS from a marine bacterium Idiomarina fontislapidosi was isolated, purified, and characterized. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) analysis of isolated LPS described the prominent fatty acids were 3-hydroxy dodecanoic acid (C12:0 3OH), 2-hydroxy dodecanoic acid (C12:0 2OH), dodecanoic acid (C12:0), decanoic acid (C10:0), and iso-decanoic acid (C10:0iso) together with hexadecanoic acid (C16:0). The monosaccharide constituents of the LPS included mannose, followed by glucose, rhamnose, galactose and xylose. Sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed LPS as the semi rough-type because of the presence of a smear near and few bands present far from the well. The LPS was also found to be non-toxic because it did not express limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) gelation activity. Bioactivities of the marine LPS describe that it could not exert inhibitory action on six tested bacteria, viz. Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01 and two clinical strains, P. aeruginosa PAL and P. aeruginosa PAH. Isolated LPS manifested a unique property by showing strong (98%) antioxidant activity by scavenging 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radicals. In stress circumstances including temperature, salinity and light, the marine LPS may scavenge generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) to defend against oxidative damage. This is the first report on antioxidant activity for any LPS and characterization of LPS from I. fontislapidosi so far.
{"title":"Isolation, Characterization, Bioactivity, and Antioxidant Properties of Lipopolysaccharides of Marine Bacterium Idiomarina fontislapidosi BK07","authors":"R. K. Sardar","doi":"10.1134/s0026261723600027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261723600027","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of marine bacteria have aroused widespread attention due to their low virulence potential, non-toxicity, and nutritional and therapeutic benefits. Due to their unusual chemical compositions, these traits are best displayed in their natural sea environment. The LPS from a marine bacterium <i>Idiomarina fontislapidosi</i> was isolated, purified, and characterized. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) analysis of isolated LPS described the prominent fatty acids were 3-hydroxy dodecanoic acid (C<sub>12:0 3OH</sub>), 2-hydroxy dodecanoic acid (C<sub>12:0 2OH</sub>), dodecanoic acid (C<sub>12:0</sub>), decanoic acid (C<sub>10:0</sub>), and <i>iso</i>-decanoic acid (C<sub>10:0iso</sub>) together with hexadecanoic acid (C<sub>16:0</sub>). The monosaccharide constituents of the LPS included mannose, followed by glucose, rhamnose, galactose and xylose. Sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed LPS as the semi rough-type because of the presence of a smear near and few bands present far from the well. The LPS was also found to be non-toxic because it did not express limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) gelation activity. Bioactivities of the marine LPS describe that it could not exert inhibitory action on six tested bacteria, viz. <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> PA01 and two clinical strains, <i>P. aeruginosa</i> PAL and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> PAH. Isolated LPS manifested a unique property by showing strong (98%) antioxidant activity by scavenging 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radicals. In stress circumstances including temperature, salinity and light, the marine LPS may scavenge generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) to defend against oxidative damage. This is the first report on antioxidant activity for any LPS and characterization of LPS from <i>I. fontislapidosi</i> so far<i>.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":"127 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138527261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.1134/s0026261722603554
S. El oirdi, T. Lakhlifi, V. Fraberger, S. D’Amico, A. C. Kaddouri, A. Bouymajane, M. Yatim, A. Belhaj
Abstract
New probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are needed to meet the increasing consumer demand for probiotics. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the probiotic properties of three LAB strains, namely Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 4F, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 4JC, and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei 3MI3 using several in vitro probiotic tests. Results revealed that all strains showed high survival rate (≥60%) under extreme conditions of the gastrointestinal tract (lysozyme, pepsin, and bile). They were also able to auto-aggregate and co-aggregate with different pathogens. Moreover, all strains exhibited high antioxidant activity and antimicrobial ability against nine pathogens (Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Penicilium brasilianum, Aspergillus niger, and Fusarium oxysporum). HPLC and GC-MS analysis revealed the involvement of various organic and fatty acids in the observed antibacterial and antifungal activities. Lactic acid was the main produced compound with a significant concentration of 17.11 g/L. The biosafety assessment indicated that these strains were susceptible to most tested antibiotics, with no hemolytic and DNase activities. These findings reveal that the three studied strains of lactic acid bacteria have the potential to serve as novel probiotics in the development of functional products that promote health benefits.
{"title":"Probiotic Features of Three Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains Isolated from Foods and Characterization of Their Bioactive Molecules","authors":"S. El oirdi, T. Lakhlifi, V. Fraberger, S. D’Amico, A. C. Kaddouri, A. Bouymajane, M. Yatim, A. Belhaj","doi":"10.1134/s0026261722603554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261722603554","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>New probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are needed to meet the increasing consumer demand for probiotics. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the probiotic properties of three LAB strains, namely <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> 4F, <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> 4JC, and <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i> 3MI3 using several in vitro probiotic tests. Results revealed that all strains showed high survival rate (≥60%) under extreme conditions of the gastrointestinal tract (lysozyme, pepsin, and bile). They were also able to auto-aggregate and co-aggregate with different pathogens. Moreover, all strains exhibited high antioxidant activity and antimicrobial ability against nine pathogens (<i>Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Penicilium brasilianum, Aspergillus niger,</i> and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>). HPLC and GC-MS analysis revealed the involvement of various organic and fatty acids in the observed antibacterial and antifungal activities. Lactic acid was the main produced compound with a significant concentration of 17.11 g/L. The biosafety assessment indicated that these strains were susceptible to most tested antibiotics, with no hemolytic and DNase activities. These findings reveal that the three studied strains of lactic acid bacteria have the potential to serve as novel probiotics in the development of functional products that promote health benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138527281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723602142
Al. Kh. Baymiev, A. A. Vladimirova, R. T. Matniyazov, A. M. Lavina, K. Yu. Filyaeva, E. S. Akimova, An. Kh. Baymiev
Abstract—
Screening of 1019 strains of rhizobia Rhizobium leguminosarum and Neorhizobium galegae from the “Symbiont” collection of symbiotic rhizospheric microorganisms of the Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, which have been isolated from root nodules of 20 leguminous species, for the ability to suppress the growth of related strains of rhizobia was carried out. Inhibition of the growth of competing bacteria by rhizobia was shown to be rather common. On average, when grown on rich media, ~10% of rhizobial strains released antibacterial substances into the medium. At the same time, when a live culture of rhizobia was applied to the lawn of bacteria, the percentage of suppression was higher. The percentage of strains synthesizing antibacterial substances correlated also, to some extent, with the level of genetic diversity of the population of legume microsymbionts. A weak signal of impaired protein synthesis was found in the study of the mechanism of action of metabolites of 20 strains of rhizobia R. leguminosarum bv. viciae from root nodules of Lathyruspalustris and Lathyrusvernus. In other cases, the nature of the antibacterial action of bacterial metabolites could not be determined using the DualRep2 system.
{"title":"Occurrence of the Ability to Suppress the Growth of Related Strains in Rhizobia","authors":"Al. Kh. Baymiev, A. A. Vladimirova, R. T. Matniyazov, A. M. Lavina, K. Yu. Filyaeva, E. S. Akimova, An. Kh. Baymiev","doi":"10.1134/s0026261723602142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261723602142","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>Screening of 1019 strains of rhizobia <i>Rhizobium leguminosarum</i> and <i>Neorhizobium galegae</i> from the “Symbiont” collection of symbiotic rhizospheric microorganisms of the Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, which have been isolated from root nodules of 20 leguminous species, for the ability to suppress the growth of related strains of rhizobia was carried out. Inhibition of the growth of competing bacteria by rhizobia was shown to be rather common. On average, when grown on rich media, ~10% of rhizobial strains released antibacterial substances into the medium. At the same time, when a live culture of rhizobia was applied to the lawn of bacteria, the percentage of suppression was higher. The percentage of strains synthesizing antibacterial substances correlated also, to some extent, with the level of genetic diversity of the population of legume microsymbionts. A weak signal of impaired protein synthesis was found in the study of the mechanism of action of metabolites of 20 strains of rhizobia <i>R</i>. <i>leguminosarum</i> bv. <i>viciae</i> from root nodules of <i>Lathyrus</i> <i>palustris</i> and <i>Lathyrus</i> <i>vernus</i>. In other cases, the nature of the antibacterial action of bacterial metabolites could not be determined using the DualRep2 system.</p>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":"74 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138527285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.1134/s002626172260330x
T. B. K. Nguyen, T. H. T. Phan, T. T. Le, N. T. Dang, V. T. Nguyen, L. H. T. Nguyen, P. M. Nguyen
Abstract
In this study, As-resistant endophytic bacteria (AEB) from four different ferns (i.e., Pteris vittata, Pityrogramma calomelanos, Blenchum orientale, and Nephrolepis exaltata) collected from the polymetallic mine (Nui Phao) in Vietnam were isolated and characterized. The sampling locations were contaminated with As concentration within the range of 316–1606 mg kg–1. A total of 5 arsenite(III)- and 26 arsenate(V)-resistant endophytic bacterial strains that belonged to 13 different genera were obtained. The most predominant isolate (accounting for 36% of the total isolated AEB in root ferns) was identified as Bacillus sp. The isolates were more resistant to As(V) than to As(III). Among As(V)-resistant strains, 26 were resistant to As(V) at concentrations of 80–320 mM, whereas 5 As(III)-resistant strains were able to tolerate As(III) of up to 160 mM. Although all the isolates had the ability to produce indole acetic acid (IAA), only three strains (i.e., Sporosarcina luteola R3.3.1, Paenibacillus sp. R3.8.3, and Acinetobacter sp. L2.5.1) had the phosphate-solubilizing ability. The pot experiments using P.vittata and inoculation of the four selected AEB (i.e., Priestia megaterium R2.5.2, Micrococcus luteus S3.4.1, P. megaterium R3.4.5, and P. megaterium L3.5.1) confirmed the important role of AEB in plant growth promotion and phytoremediation potential of As-contaminated soils.
{"title":"Arsenic (As)-Resistant Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Ferns Growing in As-Contaminated Areas","authors":"T. B. K. Nguyen, T. H. T. Phan, T. T. Le, N. T. Dang, V. T. Nguyen, L. H. T. Nguyen, P. M. Nguyen","doi":"10.1134/s002626172260330x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s002626172260330x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>In this study, As-resistant endophytic bacteria (AEB) from four different ferns (i.e., <i>Pteris vittata</i>, <i>Pityrogramma calomelanos, Blenchum orientale</i>, and <i>Nephrolepis exaltata</i>) collected from the polymetallic mine (Nui Phao) in Vietnam were isolated and characterized. The sampling locations were contaminated with As concentration within the range of 316–1606 mg kg<sup>–1</sup>. A total of 5 arsenite(III)- and 26 arsenate(V)-resistant endophytic bacterial strains that belonged to 13 different genera were obtained. The most predominant isolate (accounting for 36% of the total isolated AEB in root ferns) was identified as <i>Bacillus</i> sp. The isolates were more resistant to As(V) than to As(III). Among As(V)-resistant strains, 26 were resistant to As(V) at concentrations of 80–320 mM, whereas 5 As(III)-resistant strains were able to tolerate As(III) of up to 160 mM. Although all the isolates had the ability to produce indole acetic acid (IAA), only three strains (i.e., <i>Sporosarcina luteola</i> R3.3.1, <i>Paenibacillus</i> sp. R3.8.3, and <i>Acinetobacter</i> sp. L2.5.1) had the phosphate-solubilizing ability. The pot experiments using <i>P.</i> <i>vittata</i> and inoculation of the four selected AEB (i.e., <i>Priestia megaterium</i> R2.5.2, <i>Micrococcus luteus</i> S3.4.1, <i>P. megaterium</i> R3.4.5, and <i>P. megaterium</i> L3.5.1) confirmed the important role of AEB in plant growth promotion and phytoremediation potential of As-contaminated soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138527294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723602324
R. Z. Suleimanov, E. N. Tikhonova, I. Y. Oshkin, O. V. Danilova, S. N. Dedysh
Abstract—
Aerobic methanotrophic bacteria of the genus Methylomonas inhabit a wide spectrum of habitats, including freshwater bodies, river sediments, wetlands, rice paddies, landfill cover soils, and hydromorphic soils. Majority of the currently described species of this genus are represented by neutrophilic, motile, growing on methane rod-shaped bacteria, whose pigmentation varies from yellow to pink and red. This study reports characterization of a novel, nonpigmented isolate of these bacteria, strain MW1T, which was obtained from sediments of the mountain river Khosta, Krasnodar krai, Russia. Strain MW1T grew on methane and methanol within a temperature range of 8–37°C (optimum at 25–30°C) and at рH 5.5–7.5 (optimum at 6.3–7.0). The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain MW1T displayed 95.48–98.47% similarity to those in earlier described Methylomonas species. The closest taxonomically characterized phylogenetic relative of strain MW1T was M. fluvii EbBT, isolated from the river Elbe sediments. Complete genome sequence of strain MW1T was 4.6 Mb in size and contained three rRNA operons and about 4200 protein-encoding genes, including the gene cluster pmoCAB coding for particulate methane monooxygenase. Soluble methane monooxygenase was not encoded in the genome. The G+C DNA content was 52.4%. The average nucleotide identity of the genome of strain MW1T and the genomes of earlier described representatives of the genus Methylomonas was 79.4–82.1%. We propose to classify this isolate as representing a novel species of the genus Methylomonas, M. montana sp. nov. Strain MW1T (=VKM 3737T = UQM 41536T) is the type strain of the newly proposed species.
{"title":"Methylomonas montana sp. nov., the First Nonpigmented Methanotroph of the Genus Methylomonas, Isolated from Mountain River Sediments","authors":"R. Z. Suleimanov, E. N. Tikhonova, I. Y. Oshkin, O. V. Danilova, S. N. Dedysh","doi":"10.1134/s0026261723602324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261723602324","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>Aerobic methanotrophic bacteria of the genus <i>Methylomonas</i> inhabit a wide spectrum of habitats, including freshwater bodies, river sediments, wetlands, rice paddies, landfill cover soils, and hydromorphic soils. Majority of the currently described species of this genus are represented by neutrophilic, motile, growing on methane rod-shaped bacteria, whose pigmentation varies from yellow to pink and red. This study reports characterization of a novel, nonpigmented isolate of these bacteria, strain MW1<sup>T</sup>, which was obtained from sediments of the mountain river Khosta, Krasnodar krai, Russia. Strain MW1<sup>T</sup> grew on methane and methanol within a temperature range of 8–37°C (optimum at 25–30°C) and at рH 5.5–7.5 (optimum at 6.3–7.0). The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain MW1<sup>T</sup> displayed 95.48–98.47% similarity to those in earlier described <i>Methylomonas</i> species. The closest taxonomically characterized phylogenetic relative of strain MW1<sup>T</sup> was <i>M. fluvii</i> EbB<sup>T</sup>, isolated from the river Elbe sediments. Complete genome sequence of strain MW1<sup>T</sup> was 4.6 Mb in size and contained three rRNA operons and about 4200 protein-encoding genes, including the gene cluster <i>pmoCAB</i> coding for particulate methane monooxygenase. Soluble methane monooxygenase was not encoded in the genome. The G+C DNA content was 52.4%. The average nucleotide identity of the genome of strain MW1<sup>T</sup> and the genomes of earlier described representatives of the genus <i>Methylomonas</i> was 79.4–82.1%. We propose to classify this isolate as representing a novel species of the genus <i>Methylomonas</i>, <i>M. montana</i> sp. nov. Strain MW1<sup>T</sup> (=VKM 3737<sup>T</sup> = UQM 41536<sup>T</sup>) is the type strain of the newly proposed species.</p>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":"74 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138527273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.1134/s0026261723602233
Yu. A. Nikolaev, N. G. Loiko, O. A. Galuza, A. V. Mardanov, A. V. Beletskii, D. G. Deryabin, E. V. Demkina, G. I. El’-Registan
Abstract—
The transcriptome of Esherichia coli cystlike dormant cells was investigated. RNA content in a single dormant cell was 0.26 fg, i.e., 13.5 times less than in a cell of a growing culture. The presence of mRNA in E. coli dormant cells has not been reported previously. The pools of gene reads for the dormant and growing cells were characterized, as well as the differential expression of all genes, calculated according to the special algorithm considering the average mRNA amount in a single cell. The notion of the genes active in every cell of the population was introduced. In each cell of the dormant and growing E. coli population, such genes were represented by the transcripts of 21 and 16% of the genes, respectively. The revealed cell heterogeneity regarding set of active genes is one of the reasons (and forms) of heterogeneity of bacterial populations. Sixty genes were revealed, for which activity increased twice or more during formation of E. coli dormant cells. These were the genes responsible for genome activity, structure and properties of the cell envelope, cell proliferation, stress adaptation, biofilm formation and functioning, and collective behavior, as well as the genes providing for survival of the cell population during germination of the dormant cells.
{"title":"Transcriptome Analysis of Escherichia coli Dormant Cystlike Cells","authors":"Yu. A. Nikolaev, N. G. Loiko, O. A. Galuza, A. V. Mardanov, A. V. Beletskii, D. G. Deryabin, E. V. Demkina, G. I. El’-Registan","doi":"10.1134/s0026261723602233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0026261723602233","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>The transcriptome of <i>Esherichia coli</i> cystlike dormant cells was investigated. RNA content in a single dormant cell was 0.26 fg, i.e., 13.5 times less than in a cell of a growing culture. The presence of mRNA in <i>E. coli</i> dormant cells has not been reported previously. The pools of gene reads for the dormant and growing cells were characterized, as well as the differential expression of all genes, calculated according to the special algorithm considering the average mRNA amount in a single cell. The notion of the genes active in every cell of the population was introduced. In each cell of the dormant and growing <i>E. coli</i> population, such genes were represented by the transcripts of 21 and 16% of the genes, respectively. The revealed cell heterogeneity regarding set of active genes is one of the reasons (and forms) of heterogeneity of bacterial populations. Sixty genes were revealed, for which activity increased twice or more during formation of <i>E. coli</i> dormant cells. These were the genes responsible for genome activity, structure and properties of the cell envelope, cell proliferation, stress adaptation, biofilm formation and functioning, and collective behavior, as well as the genes providing for survival of the cell population during germination of the dormant cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138527282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.1134/s002626172360194x
A. S. Savvichev, N. A. Demidenko, V. V. Kadnikov, V. V. Belenkova, I. I. Rusanov, V. M. Gorlenko
Abstract—
Formation of the Kanda Bay resulted from construction of a railway dam (1916) and subsequent isolation of the sea lagoon from the main basin of the Kandalaksha Gulf, White Sea. Decreased action of tidal flows, which mix the water column of the lagoon, altered the hydrological regime of the basin. Decreased water exchange resulted in formation of oxygen-depleted near-bottom water and to sulfide contamination. A freshwater lake was, however, preserved in the southern part of the Kanda Bay. The composition of microbial communities was studied for the near-bottom water horizons at different sides of the Kanda Bay. The oxygen regime in this layer was found to change, with increasing concentrations of sulfide and methane and active processes of sulfate reduction and methane oxidation. The composition of the microbial community changed noticeably, with lower abundance of true marine and freshwater microorganisms and development of bacteria and archaea predominant in microbial communities of anoxic water in meromictic basins. Among the microbial diversity, indicator species with increased abundance were revealed. These are archaea of the genera Methanoregula and Methanosaeta (phylum Halobacterota). The sulfur cycle microorganisms, which were the indicators of stagnant marine water, included anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria of the class Chlorobia, (Chlorobium phaeovibrioides, Pelodictyon phaeoclathratiforme), Chloroflexi of the genus Chloronema, nonsulfur purple bacteria related to the genus Rhodoferax, colorless sulfur bacteria of the family Beggiatoaceae, and sulfur oxidizers of the genus Thiobacillus. Archaea of the genus Nitrosopumilus (phylum Crenarchaeota) and bacteria of the genus Woeseia may be considered opposites to the indicator microorganisms, since they were found only in the open sea water. In our opinion, stable water exchange through the dam will result in the stable composition of the Kanda Bay microbial community, with only seasonal variations and year-to-year fluctuations. The negative scenario supports prediction of conversion of the Kanda Bay into a stratified basin with anoxic near-bottom water and the microbial community similar to that found in meromictic lakes.
{"title":"Microbial Community Composition as an Indicator of the State of Basins Located at the Sea Coast (Exemplified by the Kanda Bay, Kandalaksha Gulf, White Sea)","authors":"A. S. Savvichev, N. A. Demidenko, V. V. Kadnikov, V. V. Belenkova, I. I. Rusanov, V. M. Gorlenko","doi":"10.1134/s002626172360194x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s002626172360194x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>Formation of the Kanda Bay resulted from construction of a railway dam (1916) and subsequent isolation of the sea lagoon from the main basin of the Kandalaksha Gulf, White Sea. Decreased action of tidal flows, which mix the water column of the lagoon, altered the hydrological regime of the basin. Decreased water exchange resulted in formation of oxygen-depleted near-bottom water and to sulfide contamination. A freshwater lake was, however, preserved in the southern part of the Kanda Bay. The composition of microbial communities was studied for the near-bottom water horizons at different sides of the Kanda Bay. The oxygen regime in this layer was found to change, with increasing concentrations of sulfide and methane and active processes of sulfate reduction and methane oxidation. The composition of the microbial community changed noticeably, with lower abundance of true marine and freshwater microorganisms and development of bacteria and archaea predominant in microbial communities of anoxic water in meromictic basins. Among the microbial diversity, indicator species with increased abundance were revealed. These are archaea of the genera <i>Methanoregula</i> and <i>Methanosaeta</i> (phylum <i>Halobacterota</i>). The sulfur cycle microorganisms, which were the indicators of stagnant marine water, included anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria of the class <i>Chlorobia</i>, (<i>Chlorobium phaeovibrioides, Pelodictyon phaeoclathratiforme</i>), <i>Chloroflexi</i> of the genus <i>Chloronema</i>, nonsulfur purple bacteria related to the genus <i>Rhodoferax</i>, colorless sulfur bacteria of the family <i>Beggiatoaceae</i>, and sulfur oxidizers of the genus <i>Thiobacillus</i>. Archaea of the genus <i>Nitrosopumilus</i> (phylum <i>Crenarchaeota</i>) and bacteria of the genus <i>Woeseia</i> may be considered opposites to the indicator microorganisms, since they were found only in the open sea water. In our opinion, stable water exchange through the dam will result in the stable composition of the Kanda Bay microbial community, with only seasonal variations and year-to-year fluctuations. The negative scenario supports prediction of conversion of the Kanda Bay into a stratified basin with anoxic near-bottom water and the microbial community similar to that found in meromictic lakes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18514,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology","volume":"18 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138527260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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