B. Bozkurt, A. Emir, G. Kaya, M. Onur, S. Berkov, J. Bastida, N. Somer
The alkaloid profiles of the aerial parts and the bulbs of Galanthus woronowii Losinsk. were analyzed by means of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Totally, twentyeight compounds were detected. Galanthamine and galanthine were found to be the main alkaloids both in the extracts of the aerial parts and the bulbs. Most of the identified compounds were lycorine and galanthamine-type Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. In addition, the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor potentials of the extracts prepared from the aerial parts and bulbs were determined by in vitro Ellman’s method and both of the extracts were found to exhibit significant activity (aerial parts: IC50= 0.027 μg/mL and bulbs: IC50= 0.084 μg/mL).
{"title":"Alkaloid profiling of Galanthus woronowii Losinsk. by GC-MS and evaluation of its biological activity","authors":"B. Bozkurt, A. Emir, G. Kaya, M. Onur, S. Berkov, J. Bastida, N. Somer","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.12","url":null,"abstract":"The alkaloid profiles of the aerial parts and the bulbs of Galanthus woronowii Losinsk. were analyzed by means of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Totally, twentyeight compounds were detected. Galanthamine and galanthine were found to be the main alkaloids both in the extracts of the aerial parts and the bulbs. Most of the identified compounds were lycorine and galanthamine-type Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. In addition, the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor potentials of the extracts prepared from the aerial parts and bulbs were determined by in vitro Ellman’s method and both of the extracts were found to exhibit significant activity (aerial parts: IC50= 0.027 μg/mL and bulbs: IC50= 0.084 μg/mL).","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"915-920"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77835937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
St John’s wort extract (Hypericum perforatum L. aerial part extract), marigold extract (Calendula officinalis L. flower extract), wheat germ oil (Triticum vulgare Vill. germ oil) and rose oil (Rosa damascena Mill. volatile oil) have antiinflammatory, antimicrobial and wound healing properties. In this study, it is aimed to prepare and characterize herbal topical emulsion formulations for skin disorders with these herbal extracts and oils. Initially the compatibility of herbal ingredients was evaluated and the design of formulation as an emulsion was studied. Then decided cream formulations were prepared as o/w type emulsions. The formulations characterized via several parameters such as; macroscopic and microscopic observations, pH, electrical conductivity and rheological measurements. The characterization of prepared three formulations revealed acceptable properties while one of them had better applicability, maintained its macroscopic stability in room conditions for 6 months, had appropriate pH and electrical conductivity values and had pseudoplastic flow properties. As conclusion, a topical emulsion formulation was prepared with appropriate properties.
{"title":"Preparation and characterization of herbal emulsion formulations","authors":"S. T. Tanrıverdi, E. A. Yapar","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.2","url":null,"abstract":"St John’s wort extract (Hypericum perforatum L. aerial part extract), marigold extract (Calendula officinalis L. flower extract), wheat germ oil (Triticum vulgare Vill. germ oil) and rose oil (Rosa damascena Mill. volatile oil) have antiinflammatory, antimicrobial and wound healing properties. In this study, it is aimed to prepare and characterize herbal topical emulsion formulations for skin disorders with these herbal extracts and oils. Initially the compatibility of herbal ingredients was evaluated and the design of formulation as an emulsion was studied. Then decided cream formulations were prepared as o/w type emulsions. The formulations characterized via several parameters such as; macroscopic and microscopic observations, pH, electrical conductivity and rheological measurements. The characterization of prepared three formulations revealed acceptable properties while one of them had better applicability, maintained its macroscopic stability in room conditions for 6 months, had appropriate pH and electrical conductivity values and had pseudoplastic flow properties. As conclusion, a topical emulsion formulation was prepared with appropriate properties.","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"756-761"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86015062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Son yillarda, Avrupa Birligi ve Dunya Saglik Orgutu saglik politikalarina uyum saglamak ve ulkemizdeki saglik hizmeti maliyetlerini dusurmek adina yeni yasal duzenlemeler gerceklestirilmistir. Bu duzenlemeler eczane ekonomilerini olumsuz yonde etkilemistir. Eczacilar ise isletmelerini ayakta tutabilmek adina, cok sayida dissal etkenle mucadele etmek zorunda kalmistir. Bu calisma, serbest eczane ekonomilerine etkili; benzer urun saticilari, medya, tuketici ozellikleri, SGK ve Devlet politikalari gibi dissal faktorlerin etki duzeyleri hakkinda eczaci goruslerini saptamak amaciyla, Izmir’de gonullu 131 serbest eczaciya 30 sorudan olusan bir anketin yuz yuze uygulanmasiyla gerceklestirilmistir. Veriler, SPSS 18 Paket Programi kullanilarak frekans, yuzde dagilim ve ki-kare testi ile degerlendirilmistir. Arastirmaya katilan eczacilarin, %82,4’unun en onemli urun alicisi Sosyal Guvenlik Kurumu ve receteli ilac satisina etkili en onemli dissal faktorun saglik ve ilac politikalari (%96,2) oldugu saptanmistir. Ancak, eczacilarin tamamina yakini (%97) son yillarda ilactan elde edilen kazanc azalinca ilac disi urunlere yonelimin arttigini, bunun da eczane ekonomilerinin dissal faktorlerden etkilenme duzeyini artirdigini dusunmektedir. Reklamlar (%38,9) ve tuketici ozellikleri (%33,6) ise recetesiz urun satisina en cok etki eden baslica dissal faktorler olarak saptanmistir. Serbest eczane ekonomilerine etki eden dissal faktorlerin etkisinin azaltilarak eczanelerin toplum sagligina katkisinin artirilabilmesi icin arastirmaya katilan eczacilarin %88,5’inin devletin saglik-ilac politikalarinda serbest eczane ekonomisini destekleyecek duzenlemelerin yapilmasini gerekli gordukleri, bunun icin toplum sagligina etkili urunlerin sadece eczanede satilmasi basta olmak uzere tuketicilerin bilinclendirilmesi vb. uygulamalarin ivedilikle yasama gecirilmesi gerektigini dusundukleri saptanmistir.
{"title":"Serbest eczane ekonomilerine etkili dışsal faktörlerin etki düzeyleri hakkındaki eczacı görüşleri","authors":"Bülent Kiran, E. Karaca, Duygu Ülkar","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.25","url":null,"abstract":"Son yillarda, Avrupa Birligi ve Dunya Saglik Orgutu saglik politikalarina uyum saglamak ve ulkemizdeki saglik hizmeti maliyetlerini dusurmek adina yeni yasal duzenlemeler gerceklestirilmistir. Bu duzenlemeler eczane ekonomilerini olumsuz yonde etkilemistir. Eczacilar ise isletmelerini ayakta tutabilmek adina, cok sayida dissal etkenle mucadele etmek zorunda kalmistir. Bu calisma, serbest eczane ekonomilerine etkili; benzer urun saticilari, medya, tuketici ozellikleri, SGK ve Devlet politikalari gibi dissal faktorlerin etki duzeyleri hakkinda eczaci goruslerini saptamak amaciyla, Izmir’de gonullu 131 serbest eczaciya 30 sorudan olusan bir anketin yuz yuze uygulanmasiyla gerceklestirilmistir. Veriler, SPSS 18 Paket Programi kullanilarak frekans, yuzde dagilim ve ki-kare testi ile degerlendirilmistir. Arastirmaya katilan eczacilarin, %82,4’unun en onemli urun alicisi Sosyal Guvenlik Kurumu ve receteli ilac satisina etkili en onemli dissal faktorun saglik ve ilac politikalari (%96,2) oldugu saptanmistir. Ancak, eczacilarin tamamina yakini (%97) son yillarda ilactan elde edilen kazanc azalinca ilac disi urunlere yonelimin arttigini, bunun da eczane ekonomilerinin dissal faktorlerden etkilenme duzeyini artirdigini dusunmektedir. Reklamlar (%38,9) ve tuketici ozellikleri (%33,6) ise recetesiz urun satisina en cok etki eden baslica dissal faktorler olarak saptanmistir. Serbest eczane ekonomilerine etki eden dissal faktorlerin etkisinin azaltilarak eczanelerin toplum sagligina katkisinin artirilabilmesi icin arastirmaya katilan eczacilarin %88,5’inin devletin saglik-ilac politikalarinda serbest eczane ekonomisini destekleyecek duzenlemelerin yapilmasini gerekli gordukleri, bunun icin toplum sagligina etkili urunlerin sadece eczanede satilmasi basta olmak uzere tuketicilerin bilinclendirilmesi vb. uygulamalarin ivedilikle yasama gecirilmesi gerektigini dusundukleri saptanmistir.","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"1015-1023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76475021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hormoz Mahmoudvand, A. Talaeizadeh, Hojatallah Shahbazian, K. Anbari, S. Jahanbakhsh, Sedigheh Nadri
Colorectal cancer is the most prevalent and malignant gastrointestinal cancer and the fourth most common cancer around the world. Selection of the treatment method is based on the staging of the disease. The aim of this interventional study is to investigate the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on local recurrence, distant metastases, and three-year disease-free lifespan in patients with stage II colorectal cancer. This study conducted between 2001 and 2007 involved 40 patients with stage II colorectal cancer. Subsequent to surgery, the adjuvant chemotherapy was performed employing the FOLFOX4 diet therapy; the patients were further examined every 3 months using tumor marker counts, sonography, CT scan and colonoscopy for identification of any local recurrence and metastasis. Finally, at the end of the third year and after chemotherapy, the rates of local recurrence, metastasis and survival of the patients were investigated. The present study was conducted on 40 patients, 23 of whom were male and the rest were female. After three years of follow-up, 2 patients had local recurrence and 7 patients had distant metastasis. All of the patients survived throughout the three-year follow-up period. In this study, the adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II colorectal cancer led to significant overall survival and three-year diseasefree survival.
{"title":"Investigation of the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II colorectal cancers","authors":"Hormoz Mahmoudvand, A. Talaeizadeh, Hojatallah Shahbazian, K. Anbari, S. Jahanbakhsh, Sedigheh Nadri","doi":"10.12991/mpj.2017.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/mpj.2017.22","url":null,"abstract":"Colorectal cancer is the most prevalent and malignant gastrointestinal cancer and the fourth most common cancer around the world. Selection of the treatment method is based on the staging of the disease. The aim of this interventional study is to investigate the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on local recurrence, distant metastases, and three-year disease-free lifespan in patients with stage II colorectal cancer. This study conducted between 2001 and 2007 involved 40 patients with stage II colorectal cancer. Subsequent to surgery, the adjuvant chemotherapy was performed employing the FOLFOX4 diet therapy; the patients were further examined every 3 months using tumor marker counts, sonography, CT scan and colonoscopy for identification of any local recurrence and metastasis. Finally, at the end of the third year and after chemotherapy, the rates of local recurrence, metastasis and survival of the patients were investigated. The present study was conducted on 40 patients, 23 of whom were male and the rest were female. After three years of follow-up, 2 patients had local recurrence and 7 patients had distant metastasis. All of the patients survived throughout the three-year follow-up period. In this study, the adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II colorectal cancer led to significant overall survival and three-year diseasefree survival.","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"998-1001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82025788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plants are used to the treatment and prevention of many of metabolic, degenerative and cardiovascular diseases. Obesity is one of the most common metabolic diseases which is considered one of the global health problems. The present study aimed to screen anti-lipase effect of Portulaca oleracea, Urtica urens, Brassica napus and Lathyrus hierosolymitanus traditional Palestinian medicinal wild plants. Anti-lipase activity was measured by using porcine pancreatic lipase inhibitory test which was established by using the UV-visible spectrophotometer method, while orlistat (anti-obesity drug) was used as a positive control reference. The porcine pancreatic lipase inhibitory effect for organic and aqueous extracts of Urtica urens were 157 μg/ml and 157.1 μg/ml, respectively. While the anti-lipase IC50 value for the organic extract of P. oleracea was 262.03 μg/ml. In addition, the aqueous extracts of Brassica napus and Portulaca oleracea have anti-lipase activity with the IC50 values 296.87 μg/ml and 417.62 μg/ml, respectively. Meanwhile, Lathyrus hierosolymitanus both aqueous and organic extracts were almost inactive. The results showed that Urtica urens, Portulaca oleracea, and Brassica napus have anti-lipase activity, which provided evidence for their folkloric use as functional food and medicine. These three plants could be used as antilipase agents in the pharmaceutical and nutritional industries or may be used as fatty food additives in order to decrease the absorption and digestion of fats from food.
{"title":"Anti-lipase activity for Portulaca oleracea, Urtica urens, Brassica napus and Lathyrus hierosolymitanus wild plants from Palestine","authors":"N. Jaradat, A. Zaid, Eyass Zuhair Zaghal","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.9","url":null,"abstract":"Plants are used to the treatment and prevention of many of metabolic, degenerative and cardiovascular diseases. Obesity is one of the most common metabolic diseases which is considered one of the global health problems. The present study aimed to screen anti-lipase effect of Portulaca oleracea, Urtica urens, Brassica napus and Lathyrus hierosolymitanus traditional Palestinian medicinal wild plants. Anti-lipase activity was measured by using porcine pancreatic lipase inhibitory test which was established by using the UV-visible spectrophotometer method, while orlistat (anti-obesity drug) was used as a positive control reference. The porcine pancreatic lipase inhibitory effect for organic and aqueous extracts of Urtica urens were 157 μg/ml and 157.1 μg/ml, respectively. While the anti-lipase IC50 value for the organic extract of P. oleracea was 262.03 μg/ml. In addition, the aqueous extracts of Brassica napus and Portulaca oleracea have anti-lipase activity with the IC50 values 296.87 μg/ml and 417.62 μg/ml, respectively. Meanwhile, Lathyrus hierosolymitanus both aqueous and organic extracts were almost inactive. The results showed that Urtica urens, Portulaca oleracea, and Brassica napus have anti-lipase activity, which provided evidence for their folkloric use as functional food and medicine. These three plants could be used as antilipase agents in the pharmaceutical and nutritional industries or may be used as fatty food additives in order to decrease the absorption and digestion of fats from food.","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"920 1","pages":"828-836"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85532197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of in situ hydrogel systems for vaginal drug delivery is an important strategy in the treatment of vaginitis. The aim of this study was to develop in situ vaginal hyrogels for benzydamine hydrochloride (BNZ) which were composed of poloxamer and chitosan. The reason for development of these hydrogels was to obtain a vaginal delivery system with improved mechanical and mucoadhesive properties that could provide prolonged retention time for the treatment of vaginits. The hydrogels were also designed for once a day dosage of the drug and to obtain a controlled release of the BNZ. For this purpose BNZ containing hydrogel formulations using thermosensitive polymer (Poloxamer 407) and mucoadhesive polymer (Chitosan H, Chitosan M and Chitosan L) were developed. The hydrogels are composed of polymers which have promising potential for vaginal delivery systems. These formulations were evaluated by rheology, texture, mucoadhesive profiles and drug diffusion with a Franz diffusion cell. It was observed that the diffusion of BNZ from the in situ poloxamer-chitosan hydrogel was more sustained and controlled than with the poloxamer gel. The hydrogel formulations diffused about 65.3±5.1, 80.6±3.8, 88.1±7.3 and 100.4±4.8% of BNZ at 6h. The formulation containing Poloxamer 407 and Chitosan H has the best controlled release profile and mucoadhesive properties, results which indicate that it could suitable for use once a day on the vaginal route. Moreover, the hydrogels higher mucoadhesion exhibited by this formulation prolongs the drug residence time compared with the poloxamer gel and may increase the BNZ efficacy. These BNZ mucoadhesive vaginal hydrogel formulations may be a promising alternative to conventional dosage forms for vaginal topical therapy.
{"title":"Development of in situ poloxamer-chitosan hydrogels for vaginal drug delivery of benzydamine hydrochloride: Textural, mucoadhesive and in vitro release properties","authors":"F. Tuğcu-Demiröz","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.3","url":null,"abstract":"The use of in situ hydrogel systems for vaginal drug delivery is an important strategy in the treatment of vaginitis. The aim of this study was to develop in situ vaginal hyrogels for benzydamine hydrochloride (BNZ) which were composed of poloxamer and chitosan. The reason for development of these hydrogels was to obtain a vaginal delivery system with improved mechanical and mucoadhesive properties that could provide prolonged retention time for the treatment of vaginits. The hydrogels were also designed for once a day dosage of the drug and to obtain a controlled release of the BNZ. For this purpose BNZ containing hydrogel formulations using thermosensitive polymer (Poloxamer 407) and mucoadhesive polymer (Chitosan H, Chitosan M and Chitosan L) were developed. The hydrogels are composed of polymers which have promising potential for vaginal delivery systems. These formulations were evaluated by rheology, texture, mucoadhesive profiles and drug diffusion with a Franz diffusion cell. It was observed that the diffusion of BNZ from the in situ poloxamer-chitosan hydrogel was more sustained and controlled than with the poloxamer gel. The hydrogel formulations diffused about 65.3±5.1, 80.6±3.8, 88.1±7.3 and 100.4±4.8% of BNZ at 6h. The formulation containing Poloxamer 407 and Chitosan H has the best controlled release profile and mucoadhesive properties, results which indicate that it could suitable for use once a day on the vaginal route. Moreover, the hydrogels higher mucoadhesion exhibited by this formulation prolongs the drug residence time compared with the poloxamer gel and may increase the BNZ efficacy. These BNZ mucoadhesive vaginal hydrogel formulations may be a promising alternative to conventional dosage forms for vaginal topical therapy.","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"43 1","pages":"762-770"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86024376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan Salleh, N. Sazali, F. Ahmad, M. Taher
The phytochemical and biological activity of the leaves and stem barks of Garcinia griffithii have been investigated. Extraction and chromatographic purification of the leaves and stem barks extracts have successfully afforded five biflavonoids namely amento- 4’’-methylether (1), 3,8’’-binaringenin (2), morelloflavone (3), 3,8’’-binaringenin-7’’-O-glucoside (4) and morelloflavone-7’’-Oglucoside (5), together with squalene (6), canophyllol (7), friedelin (8) and β-amyrin (9) which were characterized spectroscopically. All extracts and phytochemicals were tested for antioxidant, antityrosinase and antibacterial activities. The antioxidant assay on DPPH radical scavenging showed that the n-hexane extract of the stem barks had the highest radical scavenging activity with IC50 value of 96.4 μg/mL, while compound (3) was found to be the strongest antioxidant compound with IC50 value of 57.6 μg/mL. The methanol extract of the leaves showed the highest total phenolic content with 444.1 mg/g of gallic acid equivalent (GAE/L) and 423.1 mg/g of cathechin equivalent (CE/L). The extracts and all compounds were found to have weak antityrosinase activity. The antimicrobial assays of all the extracts were carried out by minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The methanol extract of the leaves showed the most significant antimicrobial activity towards E. faecalis and K. pneumoniae with MIC and MBC value ranged between 225-450 μg/mL compared to the other extracts.
{"title":"Biflavonoids from the leaves and stem bark of Garcinia griffithii and their biological activities","authors":"Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan Salleh, N. Sazali, F. Ahmad, M. Taher","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.27","url":null,"abstract":"The phytochemical and biological activity of the leaves and stem barks of Garcinia griffithii have been investigated. Extraction and chromatographic purification of the leaves and stem barks extracts have successfully afforded five biflavonoids namely amento- 4’’-methylether (1), 3,8’’-binaringenin (2), morelloflavone (3), 3,8’’-binaringenin-7’’-O-glucoside (4) and morelloflavone-7’’-Oglucoside (5), together with squalene (6), canophyllol (7), friedelin (8) and β-amyrin (9) which were characterized spectroscopically. All extracts and phytochemicals were tested for antioxidant, antityrosinase and antibacterial activities. The antioxidant assay on DPPH radical scavenging showed that the n-hexane extract of the stem barks had the highest radical scavenging activity with IC50 value of 96.4 μg/mL, while compound (3) was found to be the strongest antioxidant compound with IC50 value of 57.6 μg/mL. The methanol extract of the leaves showed the highest total phenolic content with 444.1 mg/g of gallic acid equivalent (GAE/L) and 423.1 mg/g of cathechin equivalent (CE/L). The extracts and all compounds were found to have weak antityrosinase activity. The antimicrobial assays of all the extracts were carried out by minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The methanol extract of the leaves showed the most significant antimicrobial activity towards E. faecalis and K. pneumoniae with MIC and MBC value ranged between 225-450 μg/mL compared to the other extracts.","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"889-897"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85618180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gökçe Cihan-Üstündağ, N. Ozsoy, Ezgi Öztaş, N. Karalı, G. Çapan
In this work, we report the synthesis, structural characterization and evaluation of in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of novel spirobenzothiazolines (1a-e, 2a-e). 5-nonsubstituted spirobenzothiazolines (1a-e) demonstrated notable inhibitory capacity on lipid peroxidation (LPO), reducing power and scavinging effects on diphenylpicryl hydrazine (DPPH˙) and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS˙+) radicals, that were similar to that of α-tocopherol. The most potent antioxidant was compound 1a (incorporating an ethyl group on the cyclohexane ring) with an anti-LPO activity 2-fold higher than that of α-tocopherol. Compound 1a exhibited anti-LPO and DPPH˙ scavenging activities at concentrations lower than those cytotoxic for mouse normal fibroblast (NIH/3T3) cells and was also found to be slightly more selective for cancer cells (human prostat adenocarcinoma cell/PC-3) than normal mammalian cells.
{"title":"Antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of novel spirocyclic benzothiazolines","authors":"Gökçe Cihan-Üstündağ, N. Ozsoy, Ezgi Öztaş, N. Karalı, G. Çapan","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.33","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we report the synthesis, structural characterization and evaluation of in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of novel spirobenzothiazolines (1a-e, 2a-e). 5-nonsubstituted spirobenzothiazolines (1a-e) demonstrated notable inhibitory capacity on lipid peroxidation (LPO), reducing power and scavinging effects on diphenylpicryl hydrazine (DPPH˙) and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS˙+) radicals, that were similar to that of α-tocopherol. The most potent antioxidant was compound 1a (incorporating an ethyl group on the cyclohexane ring) with an anti-LPO activity 2-fold higher than that of α-tocopherol. Compound 1a exhibited anti-LPO and DPPH˙ scavenging activities at concentrations lower than those cytotoxic for mouse normal fibroblast (NIH/3T3) cells and was also found to be slightly more selective for cancer cells (human prostat adenocarcinoma cell/PC-3) than normal mammalian cells.","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"978-986"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86069972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nonea Medik. species are represented worldwide by about 35 species and represented by 23 species in Turkey. Nonea species are commonly known as Sormuk otu and some species use as folk medicine; aerial parts prepared as porridge are used for wound healing and internally for stomachache in Turkey. In this study stem and leaf anatomy of the endemic Nonea dumanii Bilgili & Selvi species (Boraginaceae) was investigated. In the cross section of stem, cortex has 2-3 layers collenchymatic cells and multilayered parenchymatic cells. Epidermis contains glandular and eglandular trichomes on stem and leaf. Xylem is composed of sclerenchymatic cells and tracheary elements in vascular bundles. The pith is composed of parenchymatical cells. Stomata are anomocytic and amphistomatic in leaves. The sizes of stomata in abaxial surface are bigger than the sizes of stomata in adaxial surface, also stomata index of abaxial surface is bigger than in adaxial surface. Minor bundles are surrounded by one layered parenchymatic sheat in leaf. Palisade tissue is existing on both side of leaf (isobilateral). Spongy tissue
{"title":"Anatomical investigations of Nonea dumanii (Boraginaceae)","authors":"Y. Yeşil","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.5","url":null,"abstract":"Nonea Medik. species are represented worldwide by about 35 species and represented by 23 species in Turkey. Nonea species are commonly known as Sormuk otu and some species use as folk medicine; aerial parts prepared as porridge are used for wound healing and internally for stomachache in Turkey. In this study stem and leaf anatomy of the endemic Nonea dumanii Bilgili & Selvi species (Boraginaceae) was investigated. In the cross section of stem, cortex has 2-3 layers collenchymatic cells and multilayered parenchymatic cells. Epidermis contains glandular and eglandular trichomes on stem and leaf. Xylem is composed of sclerenchymatic cells and tracheary elements in vascular bundles. The pith is composed of parenchymatical cells. Stomata are anomocytic and amphistomatic in leaves. The sizes of stomata in abaxial surface are bigger than the sizes of stomata in adaxial surface, also stomata index of abaxial surface is bigger than in adaxial surface. Minor bundles are surrounded by one layered parenchymatic sheat in leaf. Palisade tissue is existing on both side of leaf (isobilateral). Spongy tissue","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"PP 1","pages":"804-809"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84547644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Moradi, A. Karimi, Z. Lorigooini, B. Pourgheysari, S. Alidadi, L. Hashemi
The emergence of medicine resistance strains of influenza A viruses to the chemical drogs lead to the development of alternative herbal compounds that inhibit the virus replication. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate in vitro anti-influenza A viruses activity, antioxidant potential, total phenolic, and flavonoid content of a total of 12 hydro alcoholic crude extracts obtained from 8 kinds of medicinal plants. Antiinfluenza A viruses activity of the extracts was investigated by the using of MDCK cell line and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol– 2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) method. Both 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) and 50% cytotoxicity concentration (CC50) of the extracts were identified using regression analysis. The antioxidant activity, total phenol, and flavonoid content of the extracts were determined using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, Folin-Ciocalteu method, and aluminum chloride colorimetric method, respectively. The results demonstrated that there was high activity against influenza virus for Peganum harmala L., Equisetum arvense L., and Punica granatum L, extracts with IC50 value of 9.1 (CI95%:7.3-11.3), 6.45 (CI95%: 4.5-9.23), and 104.5 (CI95%: 82.8-131.8), respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity showed that both Equisetum arvense L. and Punica granatum L. demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 6.5, 6.8 and 7.7 μg/mL, respectively. According to the results, some of these extracts might be further analyzed to develop effective anti-influenza factors.
{"title":"In vitro anti influenza virus activity, antioxidant potential and total phenolic content of twelve Iranian medicinal plants","authors":"M. Moradi, A. Karimi, Z. Lorigooini, B. Pourgheysari, S. Alidadi, L. Hashemi","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.10","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of medicine resistance strains of influenza A viruses to the chemical drogs lead to the development of alternative herbal compounds that inhibit the virus replication. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate in vitro anti-influenza A viruses activity, antioxidant potential, total phenolic, and flavonoid content of a total of 12 hydro alcoholic crude extracts obtained from 8 kinds of medicinal plants. Antiinfluenza A viruses activity of the extracts was investigated by the using of MDCK cell line and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol– 2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) method. Both 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) and 50% cytotoxicity concentration (CC50) of the extracts were identified using regression analysis. The antioxidant activity, total phenol, and flavonoid content of the extracts were determined using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, Folin-Ciocalteu method, and aluminum chloride colorimetric method, respectively. The results demonstrated that there was high activity against influenza virus for Peganum harmala L., Equisetum arvense L., and Punica granatum L, extracts with IC50 value of 9.1 (CI95%:7.3-11.3), 6.45 (CI95%: 4.5-9.23), and 104.5 (CI95%: 82.8-131.8), respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity showed that both Equisetum arvense L. and Punica granatum L. demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 6.5, 6.8 and 7.7 μg/mL, respectively. According to the results, some of these extracts might be further analyzed to develop effective anti-influenza factors.","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"843-851"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78954405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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