Revika Rachmaniar, C. Panatarani, I. Joni, Marline Abdasah, T. Rusdiana
Ibuprofen (IBU) is one of the most commonly used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with high permeability and low solubility. The aims of this research is to improve the solubility and dissolution of the IBU by reducing particle size using ultrasonic spray drying method and utilizing watersoluble polymer (polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) and surfactant (sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS)) for particles formulation. The results showed that increasing amount of PVA, smaller particle size of as-prepared IBU-PVA-SLS was obtained, 6.3-fold smaller than untreated IBU. The in vitro drug release study for simulated gastric fluid without enzymes (0.1 N HCl or Buffer pH 1.2) shows the dissolution of prepared IBU-PVA-SLS significantly increase 2.4-fold higher than untreated IBU for dissolution time of 30 minutes. While the solubility of the IBU-PVA-SLS was increased 4.7-fold compare to untreated IBU. In general, IBU possessing relatively high dissolution in intestinal fluid. In contrast, the finding of recent investigation on dissolution of IBU-PVA-SLS is significantly increase in gastric fluid, either due to smaller particles size or PVA-SLS. Thus, despite the PVA and SLS determine the particles formation during polymerization yielding smaller particle size, they also responsible for effective drug delivery system. It was concluded that PVA and SLS in ultrasonic spray drying technique for IBU preparation successfully reduces the particle size and effectively enhances the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble IBU in 0.1 N HCl.
布洛芬(Ibuprofen, IBU)是最常用的高通透性、低溶解度的非甾体类抗炎药之一。本研究的目的是通过超声波喷雾干燥法减小颗粒尺寸，利用水溶性聚合物(聚乙烯醇(PVA))和表面活性剂(十二烷基硫酸钠(SLS))进行颗粒配方，提高IBU的溶解度和溶解度。结果表明，随着PVA添加量的增加，制备的IBU-PVA- sls的粒径变小，比未处理的IBU小6.3倍。无酶模拟胃液(0.1 N HCl或缓冲液pH 1.2)体外药物释放研究表明，在溶出时间为30分钟时，制备的IBU- pva - sls的溶出度比未处理的IBU显著提高2.4倍。与未治疗的IBU相比，IBU- pva - sls的溶解度提高了4.7倍。一般来说，IBU在肠液中具有较高的溶出度。相比之下，最近对IBU-PVA-SLS溶出的研究发现，胃液中IBU-PVA-SLS的溶出明显增加，这可能是由于颗粒尺寸较小或PVA-SLS所致。因此，尽管PVA和SLS在聚合过程中决定了颗粒的形成，产生更小的颗粒尺寸，但它们也负责有效的药物输送系统。综上所述，PVA和SLS在制备IBU的超声波喷雾干燥技术中成功地减小了IBU的粒径，有效地提高了难水溶性IBU在0.1 N HCl中的溶解度和溶解速率。
{"title":"Enhancement of solubility and dissolution of ibuprofen microparticle prepared by ultrasonic spray drying","authors":"Revika Rachmaniar, C. Panatarani, I. Joni, Marline Abdasah, T. Rusdiana","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.30","url":null,"abstract":"Ibuprofen (IBU) is one of the most commonly used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with high permeability and low solubility. The aims of this research is to improve the solubility and dissolution of the IBU by reducing particle size using ultrasonic spray drying method and utilizing watersoluble polymer (polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) and surfactant (sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS)) for particles formulation. The results showed that increasing amount of PVA, smaller particle size of as-prepared IBU-PVA-SLS was obtained, 6.3-fold smaller than untreated IBU. The in vitro drug release study for simulated gastric fluid without enzymes (0.1 N HCl or Buffer pH 1.2) shows the dissolution of prepared IBU-PVA-SLS significantly increase 2.4-fold higher than untreated IBU for dissolution time of 30 minutes. While the solubility of the IBU-PVA-SLS was increased 4.7-fold compare to untreated IBU. In general, IBU possessing relatively high dissolution in intestinal fluid. In contrast, the finding of recent investigation on dissolution of IBU-PVA-SLS is significantly increase in gastric fluid, either due to smaller particles size or PVA-SLS. Thus, despite the PVA and SLS determine the particles formation during polymerization yielding smaller particle size, they also responsible for effective drug delivery system. It was concluded that PVA and SLS in ultrasonic spray drying technique for IBU preparation successfully reduces the particle size and effectively enhances the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble IBU in 0.1 N HCl.","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"783-792"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83651419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ebru Deveci, Gülsen Tel‐Çayan, H. Yıldırım, M. Duru
The objective of this study was to investigate the chemical composition, antioxidant, anticholinesterase and anti-urease activities of essential oil, hexane, acetone and methanol extracts of Sideritis pisidica Boiss. & Heldr. The essential oil and fatty acid composition were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. δ-Cadinene (19.5 %), T-cadinol (16.7 %) and β-cubebene (10.4 %) were identified as the main compounds of the essential oil whereas the most abundant compounds of fatty acids were found as linolenic (42.7 %), palmitic (31.3 %) and linoleic (13.4%) acids. The methanol extract demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity in all tests, except for metal chelating assay. The hexane extract was found to be significantly active in metal chelating (IC50: 22.97±1.36 μg/mL), acetylcholinesterase (62.54±0.88 %) and urease inhibitory (78.93±0.17 %) assays. These results show that the Sideritis pisidica could be used as the potential source of natural products in the food and pharmaceutical areas.
{"title":"Chemical composition, antioxidant, anticholinesterase and anti-urease activities of Sideritis pisidica Boiss. & Heldr. endemic to Turkey","authors":"Ebru Deveci, Gülsen Tel‐Çayan, H. Yıldırım, M. Duru","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.13","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to investigate the chemical composition, antioxidant, anticholinesterase and anti-urease activities of essential oil, hexane, acetone and methanol extracts of Sideritis pisidica Boiss. & Heldr. The essential oil and fatty acid composition were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. δ-Cadinene (19.5 %), T-cadinol (16.7 %) and β-cubebene (10.4 %) were identified as the main compounds of the essential oil whereas the most abundant compounds of fatty acids were found as linolenic (42.7 %), palmitic (31.3 %) and linoleic (13.4%) acids. The methanol extract demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity in all tests, except for metal chelating assay. The hexane extract was found to be significantly active in metal chelating (IC50: 22.97±1.36 μg/mL), acetylcholinesterase (62.54±0.88 %) and urease inhibitory (78.93±0.17 %) assays. These results show that the Sideritis pisidica could be used as the potential source of natural products in the food and pharmaceutical areas.","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"112 1","pages":"898-905"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75862478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There are many plants used by the public in the treatment of various diseases in Turkey.The folk remedies prepared with these plants from which treatment and how they used have been reached to day-to-day by transferring the generations. Ethnobotanic researches and traditional treatment methods are recorded and it is aimed to contribute to drug development studies.In this study, which was prepared by screening of ethnobotanical researches, 221 taxa which used in traditional treatment against stomachache in Turkey are reached and the scientific , local names, families, used parts of these taxa and the forms used in stomachache were compiled. According to the research done, families that are commonly used for stomachache are Lamiaceae (59 taxa), Asteraceae (28 taxa), Rosaceae (14 taxa), Apiaceae (12 taxa), Hypericaceae (8 taxa) and Fabaceae (7 taxa). The main reason why these family plants are used against stomach ache is that they contain essential oils with stomach related effect. The most commonly used parts of the plants for treatment are herba, leaf, flower, fruit, root and seed. The parts used may be prepared as decoction or infusion in the form of tea, eaten fresh or after being cooked, or by mixing with honey; the herba of some plants is made into mush then put on the stomach is used externally in the treatment of stomachache.
{"title":"Plants Used as Painkiller in Folk Medicine in Turkey-I STOMACHACHE","authors":"Meryem Seyda Erbay, S. Anıl, G. Melikoğlu","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.0","url":null,"abstract":"There are many plants used by the public in the treatment of various diseases in Turkey.The folk remedies prepared with these plants from which treatment and how they used have been reached to day-to-day by transferring the generations. Ethnobotanic researches and traditional treatment methods are recorded and it is aimed to contribute to drug development studies.In this study, which was prepared by screening of ethnobotanical researches, 221 taxa which used in traditional treatment against stomachache in Turkey are reached and the scientific , local names, families, used parts of these taxa and the forms used in stomachache were compiled. According to the research done, families that are commonly used for stomachache are Lamiaceae (59 taxa), Asteraceae (28 taxa), Rosaceae (14 taxa), Apiaceae (12 taxa), Hypericaceae (8 taxa) and Fabaceae (7 taxa). The main reason why these family plants are used against stomach ache is that they contain essential oils with stomach related effect. The most commonly used parts of the plants for treatment are herba, leaf, flower, fruit, root and seed. The parts used may be prepared as decoction or infusion in the form of tea, eaten fresh or after being cooked, or by mixing with honey; the herba of some plants is made into mush then put on the stomach is used externally in the treatment of stomachache.","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"128 1","pages":"741-755"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76139267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Kırmızıbekmez, N. Karaca, B. Demirci, Fatih Demirci
The components of the essential oil obtained from the dried aerial parts of Sideritis trojana Bornm. by hydrodistillation was analyzed both by GC-FID and GC-MS, simultaneously. Overall 57 compounds were identified representing 83.8% of the oil. The major components of the oil were identified as valeranone (11.3%), α-bisabolol (10.9%) and β-caryophyllene (8.8%), respectively. The composition of the oil showed quantitative chemical variation from previously studied material in terms of its major components. Moreover, the essential oil was evaluated for its in vitro antibacterial and anticandidal activities using a broth microdilution method. A selected panel of standard strains of Gram (+) and Gram (-) human pathogens as well as Candida albicans were used in the assay. As a preliminary result, it was observed that the oil displayed relatively moderate antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori with MIC value of 250 μg/mL when compared to standard antimicrobials. As a conclusion, it is worthwhile to evaluate the plant material against a broader spectrum of activities.
{"title":"Characterization of Sideritis trojana Bornm. essential oil and its antimicrobial activity","authors":"H. Kırmızıbekmez, N. Karaca, B. Demirci, Fatih Demirci","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.14","url":null,"abstract":"The components of the essential oil obtained from the dried aerial parts of Sideritis trojana Bornm. by hydrodistillation was analyzed both by GC-FID and GC-MS, simultaneously. Overall 57 compounds were identified representing 83.8% of the oil. The major components of the oil were identified as valeranone (11.3%), α-bisabolol (10.9%) and β-caryophyllene (8.8%), respectively. The composition of the oil showed quantitative chemical variation from previously studied material in terms of its major components. Moreover, the essential oil was evaluated for its in vitro antibacterial and anticandidal activities using a broth microdilution method. A selected panel of standard strains of Gram (+) and Gram (-) human pathogens as well as Candida albicans were used in the assay. As a preliminary result, it was observed that the oil displayed relatively moderate antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori with MIC value of 250 μg/mL when compared to standard antimicrobials. As a conclusion, it is worthwhile to evaluate the plant material against a broader spectrum of activities.","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"860-865"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87523199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new, rapid and simple HPLC method for determination of Lurasidone in its tablets has been developed and validated. Lurasidone and internal standard (Chlorpromazine) was separated on a Zorbax XDB C8 column (4.6 x 50 mm, 3.5 μm particle size) set at 40°C and quantified by ultraviolet detection at 230 nm. The mobile phase was phosphate buffer (pH:3, 20 mM): acetonitrile: methanol (55:10:35, v/v/v) with a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. Retention times of Chlorpromazine and Lurasidone was 4.73 and 6.89 minutes, respectively. The method was found linear over the concentration range of 0.5-50 μg/mL Lurasidone. Limit of detection and quantification values for Lurasidone was 0.1295 and 0.4317 μg/mL, respectively. The intra- and inter day precisions were less than 2% and the mean recoveries were 100.32%, which indicated that the method was precise and accurate. All other validation parameters were found within acceptable limits. The validated method has been successfully applied for determination of Lurasidone in its tablets. Keywords:
{"title":"Development of a validated high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of Lurasidone in pharmaceuticals","authors":"Sakine Atila Karaca, Duygu Yeniceli Uğur","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.32","url":null,"abstract":"A new, rapid and simple HPLC method for determination of Lurasidone in its tablets has been developed and validated. Lurasidone and internal standard (Chlorpromazine) was separated on a Zorbax XDB C8 column (4.6 x 50 mm, 3.5 μm particle size) set at 40°C and quantified by ultraviolet detection at 230 nm. The mobile phase was phosphate buffer (pH:3, 20 mM): acetonitrile: methanol (55:10:35, v/v/v) with a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. Retention times of Chlorpromazine and Lurasidone was 4.73 and 6.89 minutes, respectively. The method was found linear over the concentration range of 0.5-50 μg/mL Lurasidone. Limit of detection and quantification values for Lurasidone was 0.1295 and 0.4317 μg/mL, respectively. The intra- and inter day precisions were less than 2% and the mean recoveries were 100.32%, which indicated that the method was precise and accurate. All other validation parameters were found within acceptable limits. The validated method has been successfully applied for determination of Lurasidone in its tablets. Keywords:","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"931-937"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79506806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was aimed to use the aqueous extract of Capparis spinosa to synthesize the copper nanoparticles and also evaluated their antibacterial activities again some pathogenic bacterial strains. UV-vis spectroscopy analyses, fourier transform of infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) were used to identify the synthesized nanoparticles. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized copper nanoparticles was investigated using disk diffusion method and broth microdilution against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. After adding the extract to the copper sulfate solution, the color of the solution changed from light blue to yellowish green. Existence of a maximum peak at the wavelength of 414 nm confirmed the formation of the copper nanoparticles. FTIR spectrum analysis showed that the factor groups created a coating extract on the surface of the nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated the particle size between 17 and 41 nm. These findings showed that Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus as Gram-positive bacteria were most susceptible to synthesized copper nanoparticles in comparison with the Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli). The obtained findings demonstrated that the aqueous extract of C. spinosa acts as a reviver and stabilizer factor. The synthesized copper nanoparticles demonstrated activity against both Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria.
{"title":"Biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Capparis spinosa fruit and investigation of its antibacterial activity","authors":"Katrin Ebrahimi, Sima Shiravand, H. Mahmoudvand","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.31","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was aimed to use the aqueous extract of Capparis spinosa to synthesize the copper nanoparticles and also evaluated their antibacterial activities again some pathogenic bacterial strains. UV-vis spectroscopy analyses, fourier transform of infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) were used to identify the synthesized nanoparticles. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized copper nanoparticles was investigated using disk diffusion method and broth microdilution against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. After adding the extract to the copper sulfate solution, the color of the solution changed from light blue to yellowish green. Existence of a maximum peak at the wavelength of 414 nm confirmed the formation of the copper nanoparticles. FTIR spectrum analysis showed that the factor groups created a coating extract on the surface of the nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated the particle size between 17 and 41 nm. These findings showed that Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus as Gram-positive bacteria were most susceptible to synthesized copper nanoparticles in comparison with the Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli). The obtained findings demonstrated that the aqueous extract of C. spinosa acts as a reviver and stabilizer factor. The synthesized copper nanoparticles demonstrated activity against both Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria.","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"866-871"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85000552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Trushin, R. Khamidullina, O. Ardashov, K. Volcho, N. Salakhutdinov
Adequate treatment of Parkinson’s disease is an important medical issue. Patients are suffered from numerous side effects of the widely used drugs. It has been found recently that monoterpenoid (1R,2R,6S)-3-methyl-6-(prop-1-en-2-yl) cyclohex-3-ene-1,2-diol and its diacetate demonstrate high antiparkinsonian activity in some animal models. At the same time, their genetic safety was not studied yet. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of these compounds with antiparkinsonian activities on reproduction of D. melanogaster. Over 4000 of fruitflies cultivated under the action of these compounds were analyzed. It was found that the chemicals did not provoke genetic mutations or alter reproduction of D. melanogaster. The possible explanations for the detected phenomena are provided. It was found that the compounds do not affect fertility in Drosophila..
{"title":"The action of monoterpenoids with promising antiparkinsonian activity on fertility of Drosophila melanogaster","authors":"M. Trushin, R. Khamidullina, O. Ardashov, K. Volcho, N. Salakhutdinov","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.29","url":null,"abstract":"Adequate treatment of Parkinson’s disease is an important medical issue. Patients are suffered from numerous side effects of the widely used drugs. It has been found recently that monoterpenoid (1R,2R,6S)-3-methyl-6-(prop-1-en-2-yl) cyclohex-3-ene-1,2-diol and its diacetate demonstrate high antiparkinsonian activity in some animal models. At the same time, their genetic safety was not studied yet. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of these compounds with antiparkinsonian activities on reproduction of D. melanogaster. Over 4000 of fruitflies cultivated under the action of these compounds were analyzed. It was found that the chemicals did not provoke genetic mutations or alter reproduction of D. melanogaster. The possible explanations for the detected phenomena are provided. It was found that the compounds do not affect fertility in Drosophila..","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"987-991"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83041483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study was to describe the recent trends in the prescription pattern of antidiabetic drugs and sociodemographic characteristics of type 2 diabetic patients in Noakhali city of Bangladesh. This hospital based prospective, cross-sectional study was carried out in three diabetic hospitals of Noakhali during the period of December, 2016 to February, 2017. A total of 200 outpatients were included in this study by following simple random procedure. Among 200 participants, 73.5% were treated with monotherapy and 26.5% were treated with polytherapy with the highest percentage (37.5%) of commonly prescribed group drugs of sulfonylureas, but lonely metformin (biguanide) was the most commonest (28%) drug among oral hypoglycemic agents. The most accounted fixed dose combination was sulfonylurea with biguanide, and biguanide with glucodiase inhibitors. The highly prescribed insulin preparations was insulin mixtures (11%) among the patients. Drugs were prescribed by traditional brand names (100%) of different local or foreign companies and 15% of prescription were contained at least one multivitamin supplement. It was focused from this study that oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) yet dominate the prescribing pattern, but there was a shifting trend towards insulin preparation in the management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
{"title":"Prescribing pattern of antidiabetic drugs in type 2 diabetic patients of Noakhali city in Bangladesh","authors":"A. Chowdhury, Niloy Sen, Sujan Banik","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.24","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to describe the recent trends in the prescription pattern of antidiabetic drugs and sociodemographic characteristics of type 2 diabetic patients in Noakhali city of Bangladesh. This hospital based prospective, cross-sectional study was carried out in three diabetic hospitals of Noakhali during the period of December, 2016 to February, 2017. A total of 200 outpatients were included in this study by following simple random procedure. Among 200 participants, 73.5% were treated with monotherapy and 26.5% were treated with polytherapy with the highest percentage (37.5%) of commonly prescribed group drugs of sulfonylureas, but lonely metformin (biguanide) was the most commonest (28%) drug among oral hypoglycemic agents. The most accounted fixed dose combination was sulfonylurea with biguanide, and biguanide with glucodiase inhibitors. The highly prescribed insulin preparations was insulin mixtures (11%) among the patients. Drugs were prescribed by traditional brand names (100%) of different local or foreign companies and 15% of prescription were contained at least one multivitamin supplement. It was focused from this study that oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) yet dominate the prescribing pattern, but there was a shifting trend towards insulin preparation in the management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"1010-1014"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80364157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide in women and it is highly malignant and fatal. PDGF-D plays role in regulation of many cellular processes such as angiogenesis. PDGF-D is overexpressed in many types of cancers and promote tumor growth and metastasis. Silencing of PDGF-D gene by using shRNA with an appropriate carrier system may decrease tumor growth and metastasis. In our study, we prepared chitosan nanoparticles loaded with five different shRNA plasmids targeting different exons of PDGF-D gene. Then, nanoparticles were characterized in vitro and transfection efficiency of these nanoparticles were investigated in breast cancer cell lines (MCF- 7, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435). The effects of single and multiple shRNA sequences, molecular weight of chitosan (150 kDa and 400 kDa) and the amount of shRNA (100 and 500 μg) on the characterization and transfection efficiencies of nanoparticles have been studied. Size of nanoparticles changed between 200-400 nm and approximately 95-100% encapsulation efficiency were obtained. Release of shRNA changed with the molecular weight of chitosan. It was obtained that formulation containing shRNA plasmid targeting PDGF-D exon 6 (NP1) has the highest silencing efficiency in MDA-MB-231 cell line. It was also evaluated that chitosan can be a suitable gene delivery system for shRNA targeting PDGF-D.
{"title":"In vitro gene silencing effect of chitosan/shRNA PDGF-D nanoparticles in breast cancer","authors":"Ceyda Ekentok, S. Turan, J. Akbuğa","doi":"10.12991/MPJ.2017.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/MPJ.2017.21","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide in women and it is highly malignant and fatal. PDGF-D plays role in regulation of many cellular processes such as angiogenesis. PDGF-D is overexpressed in many types of cancers and promote tumor growth and metastasis. Silencing of PDGF-D gene by using shRNA with an appropriate carrier system may decrease tumor growth and metastasis. In our study, we prepared chitosan nanoparticles loaded with five different shRNA plasmids targeting different exons of PDGF-D gene. Then, nanoparticles were characterized in vitro and transfection efficiency of these nanoparticles were investigated in breast cancer cell lines (MCF- 7, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435). The effects of single and multiple shRNA sequences, molecular weight of chitosan (150 kDa and 400 kDa) and the amount of shRNA (100 and 500 μg) on the characterization and transfection efficiencies of nanoparticles have been studied. Size of nanoparticles changed between 200-400 nm and approximately 95-100% encapsulation efficiency were obtained. Release of shRNA changed with the molecular weight of chitosan. It was obtained that formulation containing shRNA plasmid targeting PDGF-D exon 6 (NP1) has the highest silencing efficiency in MDA-MB-231 cell line. It was also evaluated that chitosan can be a suitable gene delivery system for shRNA targeting PDGF-D.","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"793-803"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85832770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Son yillarda ilac sanayinin ve ilac biyoteknolojisinin en populer konularindan biri biyobenzerlerdir. Uretimleri daha karmasik surecler iceren biyoteknolojik urunler, patentlerinin de bitmeye yaklasmasi veya bitmesi ile ilgi odagi olmaktadir. Jenerik urunler ile karsilastirildiginda karmasik surecler sadece uretim ile sinirli degildir. Gelistirme, klinik surecleri ve pazara erisim surecleri de zorlu ve maliyetlidir. Bu zorluklara ragmen biyobenzer gelistiren ve gelistirme calismalari devam eden bircok sirket bulunmaktadir. Jenerikler ile iliskili olarak gectigimiz uzun yillara ait net veriler olmasina ragmen biyobenzerler icin bircok baslik jeneriklere kiyasla yeni tartisilmaya baslanmistir. Bu basliklar arasinda biyobenzerlerin ekonomik katkisi, kamu maliyetine etkileri, hasta erisimi, klinik calismalar ve referans urun ile karsilastirma calismalarini sayabiliriz. Bu arastirma kapsaminda 1982 yilinda ilk onay alip, rekombinant DNA teknolojisi ile uretilmis biyolojik urun olan insulin iceren urunlerin kuresel ve Turkiye’deki satislari ele alinmistir. Arastirmada ayrica referans insulin aspart urunu ile insulin aspart biyobenzerinin analitik olarak karsilastirilmasi ele alinmistir, gelistirme ve ruhsat sureclerinde kullanilabilecek olasi basliklar irdelenmistir.
{"title":"Analytical and Sales Data Comparison of Reference Product of Insulin Aspart and its Biosimilar in Turkey","authors":"Onur Hakkı Dal, A. Sezer","doi":"10.12991/marupj.323591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12991/marupj.323591","url":null,"abstract":"Son yillarda ilac sanayinin ve ilac biyoteknolojisinin en populer konularindan biri biyobenzerlerdir. Uretimleri daha karmasik surecler iceren biyoteknolojik urunler, patentlerinin de bitmeye yaklasmasi veya bitmesi ile ilgi odagi olmaktadir. Jenerik urunler ile karsilastirildiginda karmasik surecler sadece uretim ile sinirli degildir. Gelistirme, klinik surecleri ve pazara erisim surecleri de zorlu ve maliyetlidir. Bu zorluklara ragmen biyobenzer gelistiren ve gelistirme calismalari devam eden bircok sirket bulunmaktadir. Jenerikler ile iliskili olarak gectigimiz uzun yillara ait net veriler olmasina ragmen biyobenzerler icin bircok baslik jeneriklere kiyasla yeni tartisilmaya baslanmistir. Bu basliklar arasinda biyobenzerlerin ekonomik katkisi, kamu maliyetine etkileri, hasta erisimi, klinik calismalar ve referans urun ile karsilastirma calismalarini sayabiliriz. Bu arastirma kapsaminda 1982 yilinda ilk onay alip, rekombinant DNA teknolojisi ile uretilmis biyolojik urun olan insulin iceren urunlerin kuresel ve Turkiye’deki satislari ele alinmistir. Arastirmada ayrica referans insulin aspart urunu ile insulin aspart biyobenzerinin analitik olarak karsilastirilmasi ele alinmistir, gelistirme ve ruhsat sureclerinde kullanilabilecek olasi basliklar irdelenmistir.","PeriodicalId":18529,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":"49 1","pages":"675-687"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82700423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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