Fast oscilloscope recordings of current wave shapes of surface discharges have been analyzed. An equivalent circuit is proposed, and its parameters are derived from the oscillograms. Equivalent electrical circuits of electrostatic discharges provide a realistic way to simulate discharges and to perform controlled laboratory tests. The equivalent circuit concept also gives an analytic expression of the discharge current, and thus it is possible to calculate and estimate the charge transfer integral i dt and the heat pulse integral i/sup 2/ dt. These results are highly valuable for risk assessment of both the incenditivity (i.e. dust and gas explosions) and the damage electrostatic discharges might cause to electronic devices.<>
{"title":"Current waveform and energy in surface discharges","authors":"A. Norberg","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152283","url":null,"abstract":"Fast oscilloscope recordings of current wave shapes of surface discharges have been analyzed. An equivalent circuit is proposed, and its parameters are derived from the oscillograms. Equivalent electrical circuits of electrostatic discharges provide a realistic way to simulate discharges and to perform controlled laboratory tests. The equivalent circuit concept also gives an analytic expression of the discharge current, and thus it is possible to calculate and estimate the charge transfer integral i dt and the heat pulse integral i/sup 2/ dt. These results are highly valuable for risk assessment of both the incenditivity (i.e. dust and gas explosions) and the damage electrostatic discharges might cause to electronic devices.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123756022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Experiences in transferring modern glass furnace technology to China in an organized and commercially acceptable manner are reviewed. Recommendations for future ventures are described.<>
回顾了以有组织和商业上可接受的方式向中国转移现代玻璃炉技术的经验。对未来的投资提出了建议
{"title":"Furnace engineering-Chinese style","authors":"A. Jackson","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152357","url":null,"abstract":"Experiences in transferring modern glass furnace technology to China in an organized and commercially acceptable manner are reviewed. Recommendations for future ventures are described.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125281302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The results of a power quality survey of a major rural industrial site are presented. The statistical characteristics of the power study anomalies (e.g. voltage impulses, sags and surges, etc.) monitored at the site and their significance in determining the possible origins of the occurring power supply anomalies (e.g. caused by on-site disturbance producing loads or by electrical activities within the utility system) are discussed.<>
{"title":"Correlation of site power supply disturbance characteristics and their origin of occurrence","authors":"D. Koval, J. Leonard, Z. J. Licsko","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152417","url":null,"abstract":"The results of a power quality survey of a major rural industrial site are presented. The statistical characteristics of the power study anomalies (e.g. voltage impulses, sags and surges, etc.) monitored at the site and their significance in determining the possible origins of the occurring power supply anomalies (e.g. caused by on-site disturbance producing loads or by electrical activities within the utility system) are discussed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125327687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The switching characteristics of an IGBT connected in a DC chopper were measured using a digital oscilloscope and personal computer system. The system and obtained measurements are described. The waveforms of the device's voltage, current, and power were obtained for various operating conditions. The power dissipated by the IGBT was computed using a data processing software available on the computer. The effects of snubber circuit and reverse gate voltage on the switching losses are studied. The suitability of an IGBT for high frequency switching applications is discussed.<>
{"title":"Switching characteristics of an IGBT","authors":"S. Yuvarajan","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152398","url":null,"abstract":"The switching characteristics of an IGBT connected in a DC chopper were measured using a digital oscilloscope and personal computer system. The system and obtained measurements are described. The waveforms of the device's voltage, current, and power were obtained for various operating conditions. The power dissipated by the IGBT was computed using a data processing software available on the computer. The effects of snubber circuit and reverse gate voltage on the switching losses are studied. The suitability of an IGBT for high frequency switching applications is discussed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125232193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An interactive user interface for the power electronic circuit analysis package (PECAN) that is designed to run on an engineering workstation under the Unix operating system is described. The general features of the interface, including the schematic capture, subcircuit, and plotting features, are detailed. The advantages of developing such software to run under Unix instead of DOS are discussed. Examples of the interface features are provided.<>
{"title":"PECAN: a power electronic circuit analysis package with state-of-the-art user interface","authors":"E. Sidoriak, T. Trant, H. Jin, J. Lavers","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152333","url":null,"abstract":"An interactive user interface for the power electronic circuit analysis package (PECAN) that is designed to run on an engineering workstation under the Unix operating system is described. The general features of the interface, including the schematic capture, subcircuit, and plotting features, are detailed. The advantages of developing such software to run under Unix instead of DOS are discussed. Examples of the interface features are provided.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127704539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The language choices, computer-aided engineering and design interfaces, and standards for power system software used by electric utility industries are discussed. The techniques used in time-current coordination studies, load flow programs, transient motor starting analyses, and transient stability modeling programs are described. Recommendations for machine models, governor models, load models, protection relay models, disturbance modeling, and industrial system studies are presented.<>
{"title":"Industrial power system simulation modeling-procedures for designing software","authors":"G. Knight, H. Sieling, K. Cheung","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152450","url":null,"abstract":"The language choices, computer-aided engineering and design interfaces, and standards for power system software used by electric utility industries are discussed. The techniques used in time-current coordination studies, load flow programs, transient motor starting analyses, and transient stability modeling programs are described. Recommendations for machine models, governor models, load models, protection relay models, disturbance modeling, and industrial system studies are presented.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128113162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A method of defect characterization based on numerical simulation is presented. The steps of the study, its limitation, and its difficulties are described. Using two examples, the authors analyze the simulation limits and other simulation problems to be solved. The first example is a simulation of an induction machine fed by an inverter, the second example is a DC motor fed by a chopper.<>
{"title":"Analysis of defects on a controlled converter-machine system-advantage of the simulation","authors":"Y. Baudon, L. Gerbaud, J. Saadi","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152228","url":null,"abstract":"A method of defect characterization based on numerical simulation is presented. The steps of the study, its limitation, and its difficulties are described. Using two examples, the authors analyze the simulation limits and other simulation problems to be solved. The first example is a simulation of an induction machine fed by an inverter, the second example is a DC motor fed by a chopper.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132798245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A control strategy that improves the dynamic response of a series resonant power converter (SRC) operating above the resonant frequency and using zero voltage turn-on switches (ZVS) is discussed. The advantages of the optimal trajectory control over the existing methods are reduced stresses on the reactive and power semiconductor switching elements of the circuit and faster responses in cases of large variations of circuit operating conditions without affecting the global stability of the system. The method is based upon the graphical representation of state variables in the phase plane. The trajectory of switching points is imposed on the phase plane by the control law. This control strategy is consequently realized by controlling a quantity of energy in the resonant circuit. The simulation results in the dynamic state are analyzed under various operating conditions and experimentally verified using an SRC prototype.<>
{"title":"Optimal trajectory control strategy for improved dynamic response of series resonant converter","authors":"V. Sendanyoye, K. Al-haddad, V. Rajagopalan","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152342","url":null,"abstract":"A control strategy that improves the dynamic response of a series resonant power converter (SRC) operating above the resonant frequency and using zero voltage turn-on switches (ZVS) is discussed. The advantages of the optimal trajectory control over the existing methods are reduced stresses on the reactive and power semiconductor switching elements of the circuit and faster responses in cases of large variations of circuit operating conditions without affecting the global stability of the system. The method is based upon the graphical representation of state variables in the phase plane. The trajectory of switching points is imposed on the phase plane by the control law. This control strategy is consequently realized by controlling a quantity of energy in the resonant circuit. The simulation results in the dynamic state are analyzed under various operating conditions and experimentally verified using an SRC prototype.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"73 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134037483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The dynamic behavior of a multiprocessor-based 12-pulse circulating current cycloconverter is discussed. The cycloconverter can provide a high output-to-input frequency ratio for fixed and variable-frequency applications. Waveform-level simulation of the cycloconverter indicates that both feedback and feedforward techniques can be used to minimize the tracking error of the circulating current controller. A prototype was used to test the response of the 12-pulse, single-phase cycloconverter system. The control is implemented by six 16 bit microprocessor cards and additional input and output cards resident in a single card cage.<>
{"title":"Dynamic behaviour of a cycloconverter system","authors":"W. A. Hill, E. Ho, I. Neuzil","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152310","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamic behavior of a multiprocessor-based 12-pulse circulating current cycloconverter is discussed. The cycloconverter can provide a high output-to-input frequency ratio for fixed and variable-frequency applications. Waveform-level simulation of the cycloconverter indicates that both feedback and feedforward techniques can be used to minimize the tracking error of the circulating current controller. A prototype was used to test the response of the 12-pulse, single-phase cycloconverter system. The control is implemented by six 16 bit microprocessor cards and additional input and output cards resident in a single card cage.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114499109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Mizuno, T. Inoue, S. Yamaguchi, K. Sakamoto, T. Saeki, Y. Matsumoto, K. Minamiyama
The effect of pulsed high electric field on viruses in liquid was studied. Swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) and equine herpes virus-1 (EHV-1) were used in the experiment. Pulsed high voltage was applied repetitively to the converged electric field type electrode, which had an insulating plate with pinholes between parallel-plate electrodes. A pulsed high electric field was formed at the pinhole through which the virus suspension was continuously transported. SVDV in deionized water or in bovine serum could be inactivated effectively when the pulsed electric field (crest value of 30 kV/cm, exponential-decay waveform) was applied 60 to 120 times. or the input electrical energy was 43.6 to 87.2 cal/cm/sup 3/. After inactivation by the pulse application, the shape of the protein shell of SVDV did not change, but RNA contained in the core of SVDV disappeared, and hollow particles were observed. EHV-1 in minimum essential medium (MEM) could also be inactivated effectively when the pulse application number exceeded 45, or the input electrical energy was more than 32.7 cal/cm/sup 3/. Apparent damage to the envelope around EHV-1 and to the core of EHV-1 consisting of DNA could be observed.<>
{"title":"Inactivation of viruses using pulsed high electric field","authors":"A. Mizuno, T. Inoue, S. Yamaguchi, K. Sakamoto, T. Saeki, Y. Matsumoto, K. Minamiyama","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152263","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of pulsed high electric field on viruses in liquid was studied. Swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) and equine herpes virus-1 (EHV-1) were used in the experiment. Pulsed high voltage was applied repetitively to the converged electric field type electrode, which had an insulating plate with pinholes between parallel-plate electrodes. A pulsed high electric field was formed at the pinhole through which the virus suspension was continuously transported. SVDV in deionized water or in bovine serum could be inactivated effectively when the pulsed electric field (crest value of 30 kV/cm, exponential-decay waveform) was applied 60 to 120 times. or the input electrical energy was 43.6 to 87.2 cal/cm/sup 3/. After inactivation by the pulse application, the shape of the protein shell of SVDV did not change, but RNA contained in the core of SVDV disappeared, and hollow particles were observed. EHV-1 in minimum essential medium (MEM) could also be inactivated effectively when the pulse application number exceeded 45, or the input electrical energy was more than 32.7 cal/cm/sup 3/. Apparent damage to the envelope around EHV-1 and to the core of EHV-1 consisting of DNA could be observed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"26 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115770748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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