Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-50-56
A. Pobeda
Glaucoma occupies a leading place among the pathologies of the eye, leading to irreversible consequences. Many researchers assign glutamate excitotoxicity a key role in retinal neurodegeneration. This allows us to consider the model of NMDA-induced retinal degeneration as one of the main ones in experimental studies aimed at studying the neuroprotective properties of compounds. We have studied the pharmacological activity of dimethylaminoethanol derivatives in the model of NMDA-induced retinal excitotoxicity. 7 days after the modeling of the pathology, ophthalmoscopic changes in the fundus and the level of microcirculation were assessed. According to the results of the study, it was found that the compound under the laboratory code DMAE 10-19 had the highest activity. The introduction of the compound provided an improvement in the picture of the fundus by 24.4 %, relative to the group with a pathology model, which is a significant difference (p < 0.05). And also there was an increase in the level of microcirculation in the retina, up to 625.4 p.u., which is 37.6 % higher than in the group with the pathology model (p < 0.05). Thus, it was found that the compound under the laboratory code DMAE 10-19 has the highest pharmacological activity, which is characterized by an improvement in the fundus picture and an increase in the level of microcirculation in the retina. Keywords: dimethylaminoethanol derivatives, NMDA, excitotoxicity, retina, rats, the level of microcirculation, ophthalmoscopy
{"title":"Correction of neurodegenerative retinal damage with dimethylaminoethanol derivatives","authors":"A. Pobeda","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-50-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-50-56","url":null,"abstract":"Glaucoma occupies a leading place among the pathologies of the eye, leading to irreversible consequences. Many researchers assign glutamate excitotoxicity a key role in retinal neurodegeneration. This allows us to consider the model of NMDA-induced retinal degeneration as one of the main ones in experimental studies aimed at studying the neuroprotective properties of compounds. We have studied the pharmacological activity of dimethylaminoethanol derivatives in the model of NMDA-induced retinal excitotoxicity. 7 days after the modeling of the pathology, ophthalmoscopic changes in the fundus and the level of microcirculation were assessed. According to the results of the study, it was found that the compound under the laboratory code DMAE 10-19 had the highest activity. The introduction of the compound provided an improvement in the picture of the fundus by 24.4 %, relative to the group with a pathology model, which is a significant difference (p < 0.05). And also there was an increase in the level of microcirculation in the retina, up to 625.4 p.u., which is 37.6 % higher than in the group with the pathology model (p < 0.05). Thus, it was found that the compound under the laboratory code DMAE 10-19 has the highest pharmacological activity, which is characterized by an improvement in the fundus picture and an increase in the level of microcirculation in the retina. Keywords: dimethylaminoethanol derivatives, NMDA, excitotoxicity, retina, rats, the level of microcirculation, ophthalmoscopy","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81579288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-395-399
A.I. Nesterenko, O. M. Stanishevskaya, M. Safronova, M. Glock, V. S. Dulchenko, V. Chernykh
The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection pandemic has caused 667 million cases. COVID-19 is a severe acute respiratory infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. The virus primarily affects the respiratory system and runs the gamut from respiratory infection, to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Various ophthalmologic manifestations in both the anterior and posterior segment of the eye are increasingly reported in the literature. Purpose. Present clinical cases of retinal changes after coronavirus infection. Material and methods. We present two clinical observations of patients with ophthalmic manifestations in the posterior segment of the eyes that developed after a coronavirus infection. All patients underwent ophthalmological examination including visometry, anterior segment biomicroscopy, and ophthalmoscopy with non-contact Volk 78D lens, optical coherence tomography (OCT) of macular area and angioregim OCT (DRI OCT Triton plus, Japan). Treatment and recommendations were individualized according to ophthalmological indications. Results. Stabilization of retinal changes after coronavirus infection. There was an increase in maximum corrected visual acuity (MCOZ), reduction of macular edema. Conclusion. It is necessary to pay attention to complaints of the visual organ in patients with coronavirus infection in the early stages of the disease and in the nearest months after recovery. Our clinical observations show the need for further study of pathogenesis, clinic and treatment methods of ophthalmologic complications associated with coronavirus infection. Keywords: coronavirus disease, postthrombotic retinopathy, macular neovascular membrane
SARS-CoV-2冠状病毒感染大流行已造成6.67亿例病例。COVID-19是由SARS-CoV-2冠状病毒引起的严重急性呼吸道感染。该病毒主要影响呼吸系统，从呼吸道感染到急性呼吸窘迫综合征。在文献中越来越多地报道了眼睛前段和后段的各种眼科表现。目的。冠状病毒感染后视网膜病变临床报告。材料和方法。我们对冠状病毒感染后出现眼后段眼部表现的患者进行了两例临床观察。所有患者均行眼科检查，包括粘度测定、前段生物显微检查、非接触式Volk 78D晶状体眼科检查、黄斑区光学相干断层扫描(OCT)和血管重建OCT (DRI OCT Triton plus，日本)。根据眼科适应症进行个体化治疗和建议。结果。冠状病毒感染后视网膜变化的稳定。最大矫正视力(MCOZ)增加，黄斑水肿减少。结论。冠状病毒感染患者在发病初期和康复后最近一个月内的视觉器官主诉应引起重视。我们的临床观察表明，冠状病毒感染相关眼科并发症的发病机制、临床和治疗方法有待进一步研究。关键词:冠状病毒病，血栓后视网膜病变，黄斑新生血管膜
{"title":"Retinal changes after coronavirus infection","authors":"A.I. Nesterenko, O. M. Stanishevskaya, M. Safronova, M. Glock, V. S. Dulchenko, V. Chernykh","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-395-399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-395-399","url":null,"abstract":"The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection pandemic has caused 667 million cases. COVID-19 is a severe acute respiratory infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. The virus primarily affects the respiratory system and runs the gamut from respiratory infection, to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Various ophthalmologic manifestations in both the anterior and posterior segment of the eye are increasingly reported in the literature. Purpose. Present clinical cases of retinal changes after coronavirus infection. Material and methods. We present two clinical observations of patients with ophthalmic manifestations in the posterior segment of the eyes that developed after a coronavirus infection. All patients underwent ophthalmological examination including visometry, anterior segment biomicroscopy, and ophthalmoscopy with non-contact Volk 78D lens, optical coherence tomography (OCT) of macular area and angioregim OCT (DRI OCT Triton plus, Japan). Treatment and recommendations were individualized according to ophthalmological indications. Results. Stabilization of retinal changes after coronavirus infection. There was an increase in maximum corrected visual acuity (MCOZ), reduction of macular edema. Conclusion. It is necessary to pay attention to complaints of the visual organ in patients with coronavirus infection in the early stages of the disease and in the nearest months after recovery. Our clinical observations show the need for further study of pathogenesis, clinic and treatment methods of ophthalmologic complications associated with coronavirus infection. Keywords: coronavirus disease, postthrombotic retinopathy, macular neovascular membrane","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76002904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-98-102
O.V. Kashtan, I. A. Levashov, A. A. Petukhova
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a major cause of vision loss in diabetic patients and is characterized by neovascularization particularly in optic nerve head (NVD). NVD may bleed spontaneously or be caused by minimal trauma. During vitrectomy, it is often difficult to stop this type of bleeding, thus surgeons are faced with such a problem as poor visualization and residual hemorrhage in the early postoperative period. Aim was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) use in intraoperative bleeding from the NVD during the surgical treatment of PDR. Material and Methods. The group consists of 12 patients (12 eyes). Preoperative examination of all patients revealed the vitreous hemorrhage as well as the retinal traction detachment according to B-scan. A standard three-port vitrectomy (25 g) was performed, accompanied with the removal of proliferated blood vessels, diathermic coagulation, endolaser coagulation of the retina and an intravitreal injection of PRP on the NVD (PRP obtained by one-step closed centrifugation). Vitreal cavity was tamponaded with air. Results. We achieved an almost complete cessation of bleeding into vitreal cavity from NVD in all participants by using the intravitreal injection of the PRP. Conclusion. Intravitreal injection of PRP on the optic disc during vitrectomy is effective and safe. Keywords: proliferative diabetic retinopathy, PDR , neovascularization of the disc, vitreous hemorrhage, platelet-rich plasma, PRP, vitrectomy
{"title":"Prevention of intraoperative bleeding from neovascularization of the disc in complicated cases of proliferative diabetic retinopathy","authors":"O.V. Kashtan, I. A. Levashov, A. A. Petukhova","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-98-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-98-102","url":null,"abstract":"Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a major cause of vision loss in diabetic patients and is characterized by neovascularization particularly in optic nerve head (NVD). NVD may bleed spontaneously or be caused by minimal trauma. During vitrectomy, it is often difficult to stop this type of bleeding, thus surgeons are faced with such a problem as poor visualization and residual hemorrhage in the early postoperative period. Aim was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) use in intraoperative bleeding from the NVD during the surgical treatment of PDR. Material and Methods. The group consists of 12 patients (12 eyes). Preoperative examination of all patients revealed the vitreous hemorrhage as well as the retinal traction detachment according to B-scan. A standard three-port vitrectomy (25 g) was performed, accompanied with the removal of proliferated blood vessels, diathermic coagulation, endolaser coagulation of the retina and an intravitreal injection of PRP on the NVD (PRP obtained by one-step closed centrifugation). Vitreal cavity was tamponaded with air. Results. We achieved an almost complete cessation of bleeding into vitreal cavity from NVD in all participants by using the intravitreal injection of the PRP. Conclusion. Intravitreal injection of PRP on the optic disc during vitrectomy is effective and safe. Keywords: proliferative diabetic retinopathy, PDR , neovascularization of the disc, vitreous hemorrhage, platelet-rich plasma, PRP, vitrectomy","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82727965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-205-210
Z. Makhmudova, A. Yusupov, S. Djamalova
Purposeof the study. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the combined treatment of post-thrombotic retinopathy (PTR) with the inclusion of the method of subthreshold micropulse laser exposure using a 577 nm yellow diode laser. Material and methods. 28 patients (39 eyes) with PTR were under observation. The patients were divided into 2 groups: in group 1 (n = 14, 20 eyes), patients received combined treatment with antiVEGF therapy and subthreshold micropulse laser exposure; in group 2 (n = 14, 19 eyes), patients were treated only with antiVEGF therapy. Results. As a result of the treatment, a significant increase in the average value of maximally corrected visual acuity was recorded in both groups. According to OCT data, a significant decrease in the height of macular edema was determined. At the same time, the average retinal thickness in the central zone in group 1 was significantly lower than in group 2. Conclusion. Combined treatment that combines antiVEGF therapy and subthreshold micropulse laser exposure is a fairly effective and safe method in cases of macular edema in post-thrombotic retinopathy. Keywords: post-thrombotic retinopathy, macular edema, subthreshold micropulse laser exposure
{"title":"Efficiency of subthreshold micropulse laser exposure in post-thrombotic retinopathy","authors":"Z. Makhmudova, A. Yusupov, S. Djamalova","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-205-210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-205-210","url":null,"abstract":"Purposeof the study. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the combined treatment of post-thrombotic retinopathy (PTR) with the inclusion of the method of subthreshold micropulse laser exposure using a 577 nm yellow diode laser. Material and methods. 28 patients (39 eyes) with PTR were under observation. The patients were divided into 2 groups: in group 1 (n = 14, 20 eyes), patients received combined treatment with antiVEGF therapy and subthreshold micropulse laser exposure; in group 2 (n = 14, 19 eyes), patients were treated only with antiVEGF therapy. Results. As a result of the treatment, a significant increase in the average value of maximally corrected visual acuity was recorded in both groups. According to OCT data, a significant decrease in the height of macular edema was determined. At the same time, the average retinal thickness in the central zone in group 1 was significantly lower than in group 2. Conclusion. Combined treatment that combines antiVEGF therapy and subthreshold micropulse laser exposure is a fairly effective and safe method in cases of macular edema in post-thrombotic retinopathy. Keywords: post-thrombotic retinopathy, macular edema, subthreshold micropulse laser exposure","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91535535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-247-253
D. Afanasyeva, M. Gushchina, A. V. Tereshchenko
The path of the facial nerve is associated with multiple nerves, bones and soft tissues, including n. trigeminus, n. intermedius, petrosal bone and parotid gland. Due to this fact, facial palsy results not only in lagophthalmos but also in dysfunction of tear production and even vision lost in some cases. The aim of the study is to compare clinical signs of lagophthalmos in patients with various levels and duration of facial palsy. We analyzed 120 cases of lagophthalmos in patients aged 5–90 y.o. with duration of facial palsy from 2 month to 90 years. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the level of nerve damage: 1 – in the cerebral part of the nerve, 2 – in petrosal bone, 3 – in the area of parotid gland, and 4 – indefinite. The light forms of keratopathy were dominant in all of the groups (72.5 %). There was a very weak correlation between the duration of facial palsy and margin to the low limb distance (r = 0.190; p < 0.05). The width of the eye fissure was significantly different between 1st and 3rd groups (p = 0.019), 1st and 4th groups (p = 0.042), 2nd и 3rd (p = 0.038), 2nd and 4th (p = 0.043). Although the results of Schirmer 1 tests was significantly different only between 1st and 3rd groups (p < 0.001). Severity of clinical signs in paralytic lagophthalmos depends in most on the level of facial nerve damage and can be due to concurrent damage of n. trigeminus. The duration of the facial palsy and involvement of n. intermedius do not play any significant role. Keywords: n. facialis, n. trigeminus, n. intermedius, neurotrophic keratopathy, exposure keratopathy, exposure keratitis
{"title":"Dependence of clinical signs of paralytic lagophthalmos on level and duration of facial palsy","authors":"D. Afanasyeva, M. Gushchina, A. V. Tereshchenko","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-247-253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-247-253","url":null,"abstract":"The path of the facial nerve is associated with multiple nerves, bones and soft tissues, including n. trigeminus, n. intermedius, petrosal bone and parotid gland. Due to this fact, facial palsy results not only in lagophthalmos but also in dysfunction of tear production and even vision lost in some cases. The aim of the study is to compare clinical signs of lagophthalmos in patients with various levels and duration of facial palsy. We analyzed 120 cases of lagophthalmos in patients aged 5–90 y.o. with duration of facial palsy from 2 month to 90 years. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the level of nerve damage: 1 – in the cerebral part of the nerve, 2 – in petrosal bone, 3 – in the area of parotid gland, and 4 – indefinite. The light forms of keratopathy were dominant in all of the groups (72.5 %). There was a very weak correlation between the duration of facial palsy and margin to the low limb distance (r = 0.190; p < 0.05). The width of the eye fissure was significantly different between 1st and 3rd groups (p = 0.019), 1st and 4th groups (p = 0.042), 2nd и 3rd (p = 0.038), 2nd and 4th (p = 0.043). Although the results of Schirmer 1 tests was significantly different only between 1st and 3rd groups (p < 0.001). Severity of clinical signs in paralytic lagophthalmos depends in most on the level of facial nerve damage and can be due to concurrent damage of n. trigeminus. The duration of the facial palsy and involvement of n. intermedius do not play any significant role. Keywords: n. facialis, n. trigeminus, n. intermedius, neurotrophic keratopathy, exposure keratopathy, exposure keratitis","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87430181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-140-148
V. M. Filippov, D. Petrachkov
Relevance. Diabetic macular edema (DME) in combination with epimacular fibrosis (EMF) is an indication for vitreoretinal surgical treatment. The necessity of the retinal internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling is debatable. The question of assessing the anatomy and function of the eyes in the early and late postoperative period is relevant, in particular, the study of the retinal capillary plexuses (RCP) characteristics such that its vascular density. The perpose of the study was to evaluate the presence and nature of the various ILM peeling methods effect on the RCP vascular density in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and DME in combination with EMF in the early and late periods after treatment. Material and methods. A randomized case-control study was conducted on three comparable groups of patients. Surgical treatment was performed – vitrectomy with ILM peeling. The groups differed in the ILM peeling methods. In the early (1 month) and late (1 year) postoperative period, the RCP vascular density CAS was assessed, as well as the development of complications: DME, EMF recurrence, and retinal atrophy. Results. Statistically significant intra- and intergroup differences in the values of indicators of RCP vascular density during the entire period of observation were not revealed. It has been established that the initially higher vascular density in the superficial and deep RCP tends to remain at this level in the early and late postoperative period. Statistically significant relationships between RCP vascular density and the development of postoperative DME, recurrence of EMF or retinal atrophy have not been established. Conclusion. According to the results of our study, ILM peeling does not have a significant effect on the RCP vascular in the early and late postoperative period. The pathogenesis of postoperative complications and their relationship with the state of the RCP require further study. Keywords: vitreoretinal surgery, vitreomacular interface, retinal internal limiting membrane, dosed fovea-sparing ILM peeling, optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomographyangiography, vascular density, automatic image analysis
{"title":"Influence of retinal internal limiting membrane peeling on the vascular density of retinal capillary plexuses","authors":"V. M. Filippov, D. Petrachkov","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-140-148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-140-148","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Diabetic macular edema (DME) in combination with epimacular fibrosis (EMF) is an indication for vitreoretinal surgical treatment. The necessity of the retinal internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling is debatable. The question of assessing the anatomy and function of the eyes in the early and late postoperative period is relevant, in particular, the study of the retinal capillary plexuses (RCP) characteristics such that its vascular density. The perpose of the study was to evaluate the presence and nature of the various ILM peeling methods effect on the RCP vascular density in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and DME in combination with EMF in the early and late periods after treatment. Material and methods. A randomized case-control study was conducted on three comparable groups of patients. Surgical treatment was performed – vitrectomy with ILM peeling. The groups differed in the ILM peeling methods. In the early (1 month) and late (1 year) postoperative period, the RCP vascular density CAS was assessed, as well as the development of complications: DME, EMF recurrence, and retinal atrophy. Results. Statistically significant intra- and intergroup differences in the values of indicators of RCP vascular density during the entire period of observation were not revealed. It has been established that the initially higher vascular density in the superficial and deep RCP tends to remain at this level in the early and late postoperative period. Statistically significant relationships between RCP vascular density and the development of postoperative DME, recurrence of EMF or retinal atrophy have not been established. Conclusion. According to the results of our study, ILM peeling does not have a significant effect on the RCP vascular in the early and late postoperative period. The pathogenesis of postoperative complications and their relationship with the state of the RCP require further study. Keywords: vitreoretinal surgery, vitreomacular interface, retinal internal limiting membrane, dosed fovea-sparing ILM peeling, optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomographyangiography, vascular density, automatic image analysis","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76757017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-387-394
A. Maralbaeva, C. Saidahmetova
Purpose. The aim of the study was to identify the causes of the progression of myopia in the postpartum period in pregnant women with myopia (of varying degrees) with a normal pregnancy without gestosis, without pronounced dystrophic changes in the retina, for which morphometric indicators of the membranes of the eye, the effect on the reduction of the relative accommodation reserve (ZOA) of 2.5% irifrin in the prenatal period, as well as the effect of drugs with active the substance brinzolamide (Azopt, brinex) for increased intraocular pressure (IOP) during the difficult period of labor. During instillations, tear points were blocked to exclude systemic effects of drugs. Materials and methods. All patients underwent ophthalmological examination.78 pregnant women aged 18–35 years (average age 27.4 ± 1) were under observation, of which groups were formed: group 1 – 34 pregnant women with myopia (main), where 2.5% irifrin instillations were prescribed in the third trimester, 1 drop per night for 2 weeks, ZOA was examined before and after instillations. Group 2 – 20 patients of pregnant women with myopia of varying degrees. Group 3 – 12 patients of pregnant women with emmetropia, group 4 – 12 pregnant women with hypermetropia. Results. It was revealed in the prenatal period a decrease in ZOA in all groups, low visual acuity without correction in groups 1 and 2. In group 1 (after instillations), a 2-fold increase in ZOA and an increase in visual acuity without correction were noted before childbirth. In all groups, there was an increase in the volume of the cornea and anterior chamber, more pronounced in groups 1 and 2. The increase in IOP during the period of labor in all groups did not significantly affect group 1, 3 and 4, where there was a gradual significant moderate decrease in the volume of the anterior chamber and cornea, stabilization of the PZO. In the 2nd group, in the postpartum period, there was a tendency to increase PZO, for a long time (according to the terms of observation), a larger volume of the anterior chamber and the thickness of the cornea were retained. Conclusions. The proposed method of treatment helps to stabilize myopia in women in labor, prevents stretching and progression of myopia in the postpartum period. Keywords: pregnancy, myopia, accommodation
{"title":"Prevention of progression of myopia of varying degrees in pregnant women with a normal pregnancy","authors":"A. Maralbaeva, C. Saidahmetova","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-387-394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-387-394","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The aim of the study was to identify the causes of the progression of myopia in the postpartum period in pregnant women with myopia (of varying degrees) with a normal pregnancy without gestosis, without pronounced dystrophic changes in the retina, for which morphometric indicators of the membranes of the eye, the effect on the reduction of the relative accommodation reserve (ZOA) of 2.5% irifrin in the prenatal period, as well as the effect of drugs with active the substance brinzolamide (Azopt, brinex) for increased intraocular pressure (IOP) during the difficult period of labor. During instillations, tear points were blocked to exclude systemic effects of drugs. Materials and methods. All patients underwent ophthalmological examination.78 pregnant women aged 18–35 years (average age 27.4 ± 1) were under observation, of which groups were formed: group 1 – 34 pregnant women with myopia (main), where 2.5% irifrin instillations were prescribed in the third trimester, 1 drop per night for 2 weeks, ZOA was examined before and after instillations. Group 2 – 20 patients of pregnant women with myopia of varying degrees. Group 3 – 12 patients of pregnant women with emmetropia, group 4 – 12 pregnant women with hypermetropia. Results. It was revealed in the prenatal period a decrease in ZOA in all groups, low visual acuity without correction in groups 1 and 2. In group 1 (after instillations), a 2-fold increase in ZOA and an increase in visual acuity without correction were noted before childbirth. In all groups, there was an increase in the volume of the cornea and anterior chamber, more pronounced in groups 1 and 2. The increase in IOP during the period of labor in all groups did not significantly affect group 1, 3 and 4, where there was a gradual significant moderate decrease in the volume of the anterior chamber and cornea, stabilization of the PZO. In the 2nd group, in the postpartum period, there was a tendency to increase PZO, for a long time (according to the terms of observation), a larger volume of the anterior chamber and the thickness of the cornea were retained. Conclusions. The proposed method of treatment helps to stabilize myopia in women in labor, prevents stretching and progression of myopia in the postpartum period. Keywords: pregnancy, myopia, accommodation","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72629867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-312-317
V. G. Pavlov, I. Gurevich, A. Tleubaev, V. Yashina, M. H. Durzhinskaya, Arman Khalatyan, D. Petrachkov, M. Budzinskaya, Y. N. Yousef
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a vision-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). OCT angiography is the gold standard for diagnostics of microcirculatory changes associated with DR. In this study, AI-based software assessment of OCT-A images was used to analyze images of patients with type 1 diabetes and healthy volunteers. Keywords: diabetic retinopathy, biomarkers, OCT angiography, artificial intelligence
{"title":"Quantitative characteristics of the retinal microvasculature at various stages of diabetic retinopathy","authors":"V. G. Pavlov, I. Gurevich, A. Tleubaev, V. Yashina, M. H. Durzhinskaya, Arman Khalatyan, D. Petrachkov, M. Budzinskaya, Y. N. Yousef","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-312-317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-312-317","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a vision-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). OCT angiography is the gold standard for diagnostics of microcirculatory changes associated with DR. In this study, AI-based software assessment of OCT-A images was used to analyze images of patients with type 1 diabetes and healthy volunteers. Keywords: diabetic retinopathy, biomarkers, OCT angiography, artificial intelligence","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79320690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-163-168
O.N. Loktionova, S.V. Gerasenkov, A. I. Bereznikov
Eye injuries, along with other urgent conditions, are one of the main causes of disability in ophthalmology. The organization of emergency departments in ophthalmic hospitals serves to minimize the time interval between injury and the provision of highly specialized care. Against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic, certain changes have occurred both in the structure of morbidity and in the provision of emergency assistance to the population. The purpose of the work: to study the epidemiology of appeals related to emergency ophthalmological care, according to the emergency department of the OBZ «Ophthalmological Clinical Hospital – Ophthalmological Center» in Kursk in 2012 and 2021 and compare the indicators. Material and methods. As part of the work of the emergency department of eye microsurgery, a retrospective quantitative analysis of appeals with damage to the visual organ and other pathologies was carried out. There is a significant, more than 100-fold increase in the volume of treatment of patients with inflammatory diseases. This is partly due to the transformation of a number of medical institutions into institutions for the treatment of coronavirus infection. COVID-19 infection not only causes inflammatory diseases of various organs and systems, but also contributes to the manifestation of all chronically occurring pathologies. Keywords: emergency care, COVID-19 pandemic, inflammatory diseases.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of changes in the number of calls to the emergency department of the OBUZ «Ophthalmological Clinical Hospital – Ophthalmological Center» in Kursk against the background of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic","authors":"O.N. Loktionova, S.V. Gerasenkov, A. I. Bereznikov","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-163-168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-163-168","url":null,"abstract":"Eye injuries, along with other urgent conditions, are one of the main causes of disability in ophthalmology. The organization of emergency departments in ophthalmic hospitals serves to minimize the time interval between injury and the provision of highly specialized care. Against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic, certain changes have occurred both in the structure of morbidity and in the provision of emergency assistance to the population. The purpose of the work: to study the epidemiology of appeals related to emergency ophthalmological care, according to the emergency department of the OBZ «Ophthalmological Clinical Hospital – Ophthalmological Center» in Kursk in 2012 and 2021 and compare the indicators. Material and methods. As part of the work of the emergency department of eye microsurgery, a retrospective quantitative analysis of appeals with damage to the visual organ and other pathologies was carried out. There is a significant, more than 100-fold increase in the volume of treatment of patients with inflammatory diseases. This is partly due to the transformation of a number of medical institutions into institutions for the treatment of coronavirus infection. COVID-19 infection not only causes inflammatory diseases of various organs and systems, but also contributes to the manifestation of all chronically occurring pathologies. Keywords: emergency care, COVID-19 pandemic, inflammatory diseases.","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77239956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-78-84
A.N. Zakieva, D. Terekhina
Perpose. To study the mechanism of extralenticular accommodation under conditions of divergent torsional strain (DTS). Material and methods. The study involved 14 students (28 eyes) with mild and moderate myopia, whose average age was 21.7 years. Among them were 4 boys and 10 girls. The average value of refraction, determined by the subjective method, was (–) 2.5 diopters. To conduct the study, optical systems were used to simulate DTS in the downward and outward direction and to simulate DTS in the upward and outward direction. The features of extralenticular accommodation under conditions of divergent torsional strain were comparatively assessed using the method of determining the binocular stability of visual perception (SVP) to hyperopic retinal defocus. Results. Studies of SVP in the far-vision mode under no vergent strain showed that the average total value of visual resolution (VR) was equal to 70.2 %. Under DTS in the downward and outward direction, the average total value of VR was 67.1 %. At the same time, along the curve there was a fall of VR that on average equaled to 9.5 %. Under DTS in the upward and outward direction, the average total value of VR was 76.4 %. Moreover, along the curve there was a fall of VR, that on average equaled to 7.1 %. The presence of the fall zones indirectly indicates a temporary increase in the transverse diameter of the eyeball under the influence of divergent torsional strain. Conclusions. Divergent torsional strain can stimulate combined lenticular and extralenticular accommodation caused by a change in the tone of the ciliary muscle and the pressure of strained oculomotor muscles on the sclera. Thus, divergent torsional strain can change the geometry of the eyeball. Keywords: divergent torsional strain, transverse deformation of the eyeball
{"title":"Mechanisms of divergent torsional strain in myopia","authors":"A.N. Zakieva, D. Terekhina","doi":"10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-78-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-78-84","url":null,"abstract":"Perpose. To study the mechanism of extralenticular accommodation under conditions of divergent torsional strain (DTS). Material and methods. The study involved 14 students (28 eyes) with mild and moderate myopia, whose average age was 21.7 years. Among them were 4 boys and 10 girls. The average value of refraction, determined by the subjective method, was (–) 2.5 diopters. To conduct the study, optical systems were used to simulate DTS in the downward and outward direction and to simulate DTS in the upward and outward direction. The features of extralenticular accommodation under conditions of divergent torsional strain were comparatively assessed using the method of determining the binocular stability of visual perception (SVP) to hyperopic retinal defocus. Results. Studies of SVP in the far-vision mode under no vergent strain showed that the average total value of visual resolution (VR) was equal to 70.2 %. Under DTS in the downward and outward direction, the average total value of VR was 67.1 %. At the same time, along the curve there was a fall of VR that on average equaled to 9.5 %. Under DTS in the upward and outward direction, the average total value of VR was 76.4 %. Moreover, along the curve there was a fall of VR, that on average equaled to 7.1 %. The presence of the fall zones indirectly indicates a temporary increase in the transverse diameter of the eyeball under the influence of divergent torsional strain. Conclusions. Divergent torsional strain can stimulate combined lenticular and extralenticular accommodation caused by a change in the tone of the ciliary muscle and the pressure of strained oculomotor muscles on the sclera. Thus, divergent torsional strain can change the geometry of the eyeball. Keywords: divergent torsional strain, transverse deformation of the eyeball","PeriodicalId":18609,"journal":{"name":"Modern technologies in ophtalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89562698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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