Yasin Özkabadayı, Mustafa Türk, Ali Kumandaş, Siyami Karahan
Bioglasses are solid materials consisted of sodium oxide, calcium oxide, silicon dioxide and phosphorus in various proportions and have used in bone tissue engineering. There have been ongoing efforts to improve the surface properties of bioglasses to increase biocompatibility and performance. The aim of the present study is to modify the bioglass surface with an amino acid mixture consisting of arginine, aspartic acid, phenylalanine, cysteine, histidine and lysine, to characterize the surface, and to evaluate the performance and biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. The untreated bioglass, bioglass kept in simulated body fluid (SBF), and modified bioglass were used in further evaluation. After confirmation of the surface modification with FT-IR analyses and SEM analyses, MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts adhesion on the surface was also revealed by SEM. The modified bioglass had significantly higher ALP activity in colorimetric measurement, rate of calcium accumulations in Alizarin red s staining, lower rate of cell death in Annexin-V/PI staining to determine apoptosis and necrosis. Having higher cell viability rate in MTT test and absence of genotoxicity in micronucleus test (OECD 487), the modified bioglass was further confirmed for biocompatibility in vitro. The results of the rat tibial defect model revealed that the all bioglass treatments had a significantly better bone healing score compared to the untreated negative control. However, the modified bioglass exhibited significantly better bone healing efforts especially during the first and the second months compared to the other bioglass treatment treatments. As a result, the amino acid surface modification of bioglasses improves the surface biocompatibility and osteogenic performance that makes the amino acid modified bioglass a better candidate for bone tissue engineering. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Bioglass surface modification with amino acids contributes to bioglass-tissue interaction with an improved cell attachment. Modified bioglass increases in vitro Alp activity and calcium accumulation, and also positively affects cell behavior by supporting cell adaptation. Bioglass exerts osteogenic potential in vivo especially during early bone healing.
生物玻璃是由不同比例的氧化钠、氧化钙、二氧化硅和磷组成的固体材料,已用于骨组织工程。人们一直在努力改善生物玻璃的表面特性,以提高其生物相容性和性能。本研究的目的是用由精氨酸、天冬氨酸、苯丙氨酸、半胱氨酸、组氨酸和赖氨酸组成的氨基酸混合物改性生物玻璃表面,研究其表面特性,并评估其在体外和体内的性能和生物相容性。未经处理的生物玻璃、在模拟体液(SBF)中保存的生物玻璃和改性生物玻璃被用于进一步评估。通过傅立叶变换红外分析和扫描电镜分析确认表面改性后,扫描电镜还显示了 MC3T3-E1 前成骨细胞在表面的粘附情况。改性后的生物玻璃在比色法中的 ALP 活性、茜素红染色中的钙累积率、Annexin-V/PI 染色中的细胞凋亡率和坏死率都有明显提高。改性生物玻璃在 MTT 试验中的细胞存活率较高,在微核试验(OECD 487)中没有遗传毒性,这进一步证实了它在体外的生物相容性。大鼠胫骨缺损模型的结果显示,与未经处理的阴性对照组相比,所有生物玻璃处理的骨愈合得分都明显更高。然而,与其他生物玻璃处理方法相比,改性生物玻璃的骨愈合效果明显更好,尤其是在第一和第二个月。因此,对生物玻璃进行氨基酸表面改性可改善其表面生物相容性和成骨性能,从而使氨基酸改性生物玻璃成为骨组织工程的更佳候选材料。研究亮点:用氨基酸对生物玻璃进行表面改性有助于生物玻璃与组织的相互作用,改善细胞附着。改性生物玻璃可提高体外 Alp 活性和钙积累,并通过支持细胞适应性对细胞行为产生积极影响。生物玻璃在体内具有成骨潜能,尤其是在骨愈合早期。
{"title":"Amino acid surface modified bioglass: A candidate biomaterial for bone tissue engineering<sup>1</sup>.","authors":"Yasin Özkabadayı, Mustafa Türk, Ali Kumandaş, Siyami Karahan","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bioglasses are solid materials consisted of sodium oxide, calcium oxide, silicon dioxide and phosphorus in various proportions and have used in bone tissue engineering. There have been ongoing efforts to improve the surface properties of bioglasses to increase biocompatibility and performance. The aim of the present study is to modify the bioglass surface with an amino acid mixture consisting of arginine, aspartic acid, phenylalanine, cysteine, histidine and lysine, to characterize the surface, and to evaluate the performance and biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. The untreated bioglass, bioglass kept in simulated body fluid (SBF), and modified bioglass were used in further evaluation. After confirmation of the surface modification with FT-IR analyses and SEM analyses, MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts adhesion on the surface was also revealed by SEM. The modified bioglass had significantly higher ALP activity in colorimetric measurement, rate of calcium accumulations in Alizarin red s staining, lower rate of cell death in Annexin-V/PI staining to determine apoptosis and necrosis. Having higher cell viability rate in MTT test and absence of genotoxicity in micronucleus test (OECD 487), the modified bioglass was further confirmed for biocompatibility in vitro. The results of the rat tibial defect model revealed that the all bioglass treatments had a significantly better bone healing score compared to the untreated negative control. However, the modified bioglass exhibited significantly better bone healing efforts especially during the first and the second months compared to the other bioglass treatment treatments. As a result, the amino acid surface modification of bioglasses improves the surface biocompatibility and osteogenic performance that makes the amino acid modified bioglass a better candidate for bone tissue engineering. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Bioglass surface modification with amino acids contributes to bioglass-tissue interaction with an improved cell attachment. Modified bioglass increases in vitro Alp activity and calcium accumulation, and also positively affects cell behavior by supporting cell adaptation. Bioglass exerts osteogenic potential in vivo especially during early bone healing.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142000401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zecca Piero Antonio, Protasoni Marina, Reguzzoni Marcella, Raspanti Mario
Electron microscopy is essential for examining materials and biological samples at microscopic levels, providing detailed insights. Achieving high-quality imaging is often challenged by the potential damage high-energy beams can cause to sensitive samples. This study compares scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to evaluate image quality, noise levels, and the ability to preserve delicate specimens. We used a modified SEM system with a transmitted electrons conversion accessory, allowing it to operate like a TEM but at lower voltages, thereby reducing sample damage. Our analysis included quantitative assessments of noise levels and texture characteristics such as entropy, contrast, dissimilarity, homogeneity, energy, and correlation. This comprehensive evaluation directly compared traditional TEM and the adapted SEM system across various images. The results showed that TEM provided images with higher clarity and significantly lower noise levels, reinforcing its status as the preferred method for detailed studies. However, the modified SEM system also produced high-quality images at very low acceleration voltages, which is crucial for imaging samples sensitive to high-energy exposure. The texture metrics analysis highlighted the strengths and limitations of each method, with TEM images exhibiting lower entropy and higher homogeneity, indicating smoother and more uniform textures. This study emphasizes the importance of selecting the appropriate electron microscopy method based on research needs, such as sample sensitivity and required detail level. With its conversion accessory, the modified SEM system is a versatile and valuable tool, offering a practical alternative to TEM for various applications. This research enhances our understanding of the capabilities and limitations of SEM and TEM. It paves the way for further innovations in electron microscopy techniques, improving their applicability for studying sensitive materials. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Our study introduces a modified SEM adapter enabling TEM-like imaging at reduced voltages, effectively minimizing sample damage without compromising image resolution. Through comparative analysis, we found that images from the modified SEM closely match the quality of traditional TEM, showcasing significantly lower noise levels. This advancement underscores the SEM's enhanced capability for detailed structural analysis of sensitive materials, broadening its utility across materials science and biology.
电子显微镜对于在微观层面上检查材料和生物样本至关重要,可提供详细的洞察力。由于高能光束可能会对敏感样品造成损害,因此实现高质量成像往往面临挑战。本研究对扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)进行了比较,以评估图像质量、噪音水平和保存易碎样本的能力。我们使用的是经过改装的扫描电子显微镜系统,该系统带有透射电子转换附件,可以像 TEM 一样工作,但电压较低,从而减少了对样本的损坏。我们的分析包括对噪音水平和纹理特征(如熵、对比度、相似性、同质性、能量和相关性)的定量评估。这项综合评估直接比较了传统 TEM 和经调整的 SEM 系统的各种图像。结果表明,TEM 提供的图像清晰度更高,噪音水平明显降低,巩固了其作为详细研究首选方法的地位。不过,改进后的扫描电子显微镜系统也能在极低的加速电压下生成高质量的图像,这对于对高能曝光敏感的样品成像至关重要。纹理度量分析强调了每种方法的优势和局限性,TEM 图像显示出较低的熵和较高的均匀性,表明纹理更平滑、更均匀。这项研究强调了根据研究需要(如样品灵敏度和所需的详细程度)选择合适的电子显微镜方法的重要性。改良型扫描电子显微镜系统具有转换附件,是一种多用途的宝贵工具,可在各种应用中作为 TEM 的实用替代品。这项研究加深了我们对 SEM 和 TEM 功能和局限性的理解。它为电子显微镜技术的进一步创新铺平了道路,提高了它们在研究敏感材料方面的适用性。研究亮点:我们的研究引入了一种改进的扫描电子显微镜适配器,可在较低的电压下进行类似于 TEM 的成像,在不影响图像分辨率的情况下有效地将样品损伤降到最低。通过比较分析,我们发现改良型扫描电子显微镜的图像质量与传统的 TEM 非常接近,噪声水平明显降低。这一进步凸显了扫描电子显微镜对敏感材料进行详细结构分析的更强能力,扩大了其在材料科学和生物学领域的应用。
{"title":"DIY adapting SEM for low-voltage TEM imaging.","authors":"Zecca Piero Antonio, Protasoni Marina, Reguzzoni Marcella, Raspanti Mario","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electron microscopy is essential for examining materials and biological samples at microscopic levels, providing detailed insights. Achieving high-quality imaging is often challenged by the potential damage high-energy beams can cause to sensitive samples. This study compares scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to evaluate image quality, noise levels, and the ability to preserve delicate specimens. We used a modified SEM system with a transmitted electrons conversion accessory, allowing it to operate like a TEM but at lower voltages, thereby reducing sample damage. Our analysis included quantitative assessments of noise levels and texture characteristics such as entropy, contrast, dissimilarity, homogeneity, energy, and correlation. This comprehensive evaluation directly compared traditional TEM and the adapted SEM system across various images. The results showed that TEM provided images with higher clarity and significantly lower noise levels, reinforcing its status as the preferred method for detailed studies. However, the modified SEM system also produced high-quality images at very low acceleration voltages, which is crucial for imaging samples sensitive to high-energy exposure. The texture metrics analysis highlighted the strengths and limitations of each method, with TEM images exhibiting lower entropy and higher homogeneity, indicating smoother and more uniform textures. This study emphasizes the importance of selecting the appropriate electron microscopy method based on research needs, such as sample sensitivity and required detail level. With its conversion accessory, the modified SEM system is a versatile and valuable tool, offering a practical alternative to TEM for various applications. This research enhances our understanding of the capabilities and limitations of SEM and TEM. It paves the way for further innovations in electron microscopy techniques, improving their applicability for studying sensitive materials. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Our study introduces a modified SEM adapter enabling TEM-like imaging at reduced voltages, effectively minimizing sample damage without compromising image resolution. Through comparative analysis, we found that images from the modified SEM closely match the quality of traditional TEM, showcasing significantly lower noise levels. This advancement underscores the SEM's enhanced capability for detailed structural analysis of sensitive materials, broadening its utility across materials science and biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141996194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hafsa Shahzad, Shaukat Ali, Muhammad Adeel Farooq, Muhammad Summer, Ali Hassan, Rida Sulayman, Lubna Kanwal, Uzma Azeem Awan
Diabetes mellitus causes impaired diabetic wounds which is linked to a number of pathological alterations that impede the healing of wounds. In the current research, Swiss albino mice were given alloxan monohydrate to induce diabetes and excision wounds of approximately 6 mm using biopsy punch. The diabetic wounds were treated with various biomaterials including Vachellia nilotica extract (VN), Nigella sativa extract (NS), V. nilotica nanoparticles (VNNPs) and N. sativa nanoparticles (NSNPs). Their effects were determined by evaluating the percent wound contraction, healing time, and histopathological analysis. The serum level of various biochemical parameters that is, pro-inflammatory cytokines, Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) were also determined. VNNPs group provided the best outcomes, with wound contraction 100% on 12th day. According to histopathological examination, VNNPs group reduced inflammation and encouraged the formation of blood vessels, fibroblasts, and keratinocytes. VNNPs group significantly alleviated the serum level of pro-inflammatory cytokines that are, TNF-α (19.4 ± 1.5 pg/mL), IL-6 (13.8 ± 0.6 pg/mL), and IL-8 (24.8 ± 1.2 pg/mL) as compared with the diabetic mice. The serum level of MMP2 (248.2 ± 7.9 pg/mL), MMP7 (316 ± 5.2 pg/mL), and MMP9 (167.8 ± 12.1 pg/mL) in the same group VNNPs were also observed much less than the diabetic mice. The serum level of TIMPs (176.8 ± 2.9 pg/mL) in the VNNPs group was increased maximally with respect to diabetic mice. It is concluded that nanoparticles and biomaterials possess healing properties and have the ability to repair the chronic/diabetic wound. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: UV-spectrophotometric and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy observation for functional group analysis and possible linkage between conjugates Optimization of the histopathological and biochemical markers after application of the formulations Microscopic analysis of epithelial tissues for evaluation of healing mechanisms Speedy contraction of wounds as the alleviation of the inflammatory and necrotic factors.
{"title":"UV-spectrophotometric and spectroscopic observed Vachellia nilotica and Nigella sativa formulations regularized the histopathological and biochemical parameters during wound contraction.","authors":"Hafsa Shahzad, Shaukat Ali, Muhammad Adeel Farooq, Muhammad Summer, Ali Hassan, Rida Sulayman, Lubna Kanwal, Uzma Azeem Awan","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus causes impaired diabetic wounds which is linked to a number of pathological alterations that impede the healing of wounds. In the current research, Swiss albino mice were given alloxan monohydrate to induce diabetes and excision wounds of approximately 6 mm using biopsy punch. The diabetic wounds were treated with various biomaterials including Vachellia nilotica extract (VN), Nigella sativa extract (NS), V. nilotica nanoparticles (VNNPs) and N. sativa nanoparticles (NSNPs). Their effects were determined by evaluating the percent wound contraction, healing time, and histopathological analysis. The serum level of various biochemical parameters that is, pro-inflammatory cytokines, Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) were also determined. VNNPs group provided the best outcomes, with wound contraction 100% on 12<sup>th</sup> day. According to histopathological examination, VNNPs group reduced inflammation and encouraged the formation of blood vessels, fibroblasts, and keratinocytes. VNNPs group significantly alleviated the serum level of pro-inflammatory cytokines that are, TNF-α (19.4 ± 1.5 pg/mL), IL-6 (13.8 ± 0.6 pg/mL), and IL-8 (24.8 ± 1.2 pg/mL) as compared with the diabetic mice. The serum level of MMP2 (248.2 ± 7.9 pg/mL), MMP7 (316 ± 5.2 pg/mL), and MMP9 (167.8 ± 12.1 pg/mL) in the same group VNNPs were also observed much less than the diabetic mice. The serum level of TIMPs (176.8 ± 2.9 pg/mL) in the VNNPs group was increased maximally with respect to diabetic mice. It is concluded that nanoparticles and biomaterials possess healing properties and have the ability to repair the chronic/diabetic wound. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: UV-spectrophotometric and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy observation for functional group analysis and possible linkage between conjugates Optimization of the histopathological and biochemical markers after application of the formulations Microscopic analysis of epithelial tissues for evaluation of healing mechanisms Speedy contraction of wounds as the alleviation of the inflammatory and necrotic factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141996195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ultrasound images are susceptible to various forms of quality degradation that negatively impact diagnosis. Common degradations include speckle noise, Gaussian noise, salt and pepper noise, and blurring. This research proposes an accurate ultrasound image denoising strategy based on firstly detecting the noise type, then, suitable denoising methods can be applied for each corruption. The technique depends on convolutional neural networks to categorize the type of noise affecting an input ultrasound image. Pre-trained convolutional neural network models including GoogleNet, VGG-19, AlexNet and AlexNet-support vector machine (SVM) are developed and trained to perform this classification. A dataset of 782 numerically generated ultrasound images across different diseases and noise types is utilized for model training and evaluation. Results show AlexNet-SVM achieves the highest accuracy of 99.2% in classifying noise types. The results indicate that, the present technique is considered one of the top-performing models is then applied to real ultrasound images with different noise corruptions to demonstrate efficacy of the proposed detect-then-denoise system. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Proposes an accurate ultrasound image denoising strategy based on detecting noise type first. Uses pre-trained convolutional neural networks to categorize noise type in input images. Evaluates GoogleNet, VGG-19, AlexNet, and AlexNet-support vector machine (SVM) models on a dataset of 782 synthetic ultrasound images. AlexNet-SVM achieves highest accuracy of 99.2% in classifying noise types. Demonstrates efficacy of the proposed detect-then-denoise system on real ultrasound images.
{"title":"An accurate paradigm for denoising degraded ultrasound images based on artificial intelligence systems.","authors":"F E Al-Tahhan, M E Fares","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24675","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultrasound images are susceptible to various forms of quality degradation that negatively impact diagnosis. Common degradations include speckle noise, Gaussian noise, salt and pepper noise, and blurring. This research proposes an accurate ultrasound image denoising strategy based on firstly detecting the noise type, then, suitable denoising methods can be applied for each corruption. The technique depends on convolutional neural networks to categorize the type of noise affecting an input ultrasound image. Pre-trained convolutional neural network models including GoogleNet, VGG-19, AlexNet and AlexNet-support vector machine (SVM) are developed and trained to perform this classification. A dataset of 782 numerically generated ultrasound images across different diseases and noise types is utilized for model training and evaluation. Results show AlexNet-SVM achieves the highest accuracy of 99.2% in classifying noise types. The results indicate that, the present technique is considered one of the top-performing models is then applied to real ultrasound images with different noise corruptions to demonstrate efficacy of the proposed detect-then-denoise system. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Proposes an accurate ultrasound image denoising strategy based on detecting noise type first. Uses pre-trained convolutional neural networks to categorize noise type in input images. Evaluates GoogleNet, VGG-19, AlexNet, and AlexNet-support vector machine (SVM) models on a dataset of 782 synthetic ultrasound images. AlexNet-SVM achieves highest accuracy of 99.2% in classifying noise types. Demonstrates efficacy of the proposed detect-then-denoise system on real ultrasound images.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141982757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The pollen morphology of 33 species belonging to the genera Lactuca, Launaea, Cicerbita, Sonchus, Condrilla (tribe Cichorieae: Asteraceae) from Iran were studied with light and electron microscopies. The pollen grains of the investigated taxa are almost oblate-spherical to prolate-spherical, the shapes are circular in equatorial view, hexagonal in polar view, only Sonchus species are triangular or quadrangular in polar view, isopolar, symmetrical and trizonocolporate, except Sonchus and Chondrilla species, which have tri- to tetrazonocolporate pollen grains, and echinolophate. The size and number of spines in the polar area and the number of spines in the paraporal ridges and equatorial ridges proved to be the most taxonomically authentic characteristics in this study. Three pollen types were distinguished, as in alignment with previous studies. Cluster analysis by Ward method based on 10 quantitative morphological characteristics of pollen grains revealed that the species could be grouped based on the pollen characteristics. Moreover, three species of Cicerbita including Cicerbita scoparia (Rech. f. & Köie) Kitam, C. rechingeriana (Tuisl) Coșkunç., M. Güzel & N. Kilian and C. microcephala (DC.) M. Güzel, Coșkunç. & N. Kilian were recorded for the first time in Iran. Although the characteristics of the pollen grains were useful for distinguishing the species in sub-tribes, in some cases, this did not confirm recent phylogenetic results. The pollen characteristics described in this study provide data that may be useful for future systematic studies aiming to complete the knowledge on Cichorieae species. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: In the present study, the pollen morphology of 33 species belonging to five genera of the Cichorieae are investigated with scanning electron microscopy and 12 species are analyzed for the first time. The cluster analysis based on the quantitative morphological characteristics of pollen grains revealed that the species could be grouped based on the pollen characteristics. In addition, three species of Cicerbita are reported for the first time in Iran.
利用光学显微镜和电子显微镜研究了伊朗的 33 个物种的花粉形态,这些物种隶属于 Lactuca 属、Launaea 属、Cicerbita 属、Sonchus 属和 Condrilla 属(菊科 Cichorieae)。所研究类群的花粉粒几乎呈扁球形至长球形,其形状在赤道视图中为圆形,在极视图中为六角形,只有 Sonchus 种类的花粉粒在极视图中为三角形或四角形,花粉粒呈等极性、对称和三宗小球状,只有 Sonchus 和 Chondrilla 种类的花粉粒呈三宗至四宗小球状,花粉粒呈棘状。在这项研究中,极区刺的大小和数量以及副脊和赤道脊刺的数量被证明是分类学上最真实的特征。与之前的研究一致,本研究区分了三种花粉类型。根据花粉粒的 10 个定量形态特征,采用 Ward 方法进行聚类分析,结果表明可以根据花粉特征对物种进行分组。此外,在伊朗首次记录到了 Cicerbita 的三个物种,包括 Cicerbita scoparia (Rech. f. & Köie) Kitam、C. rechingeriana (Tuisl) Coșkunç., M. Güzel & N. Kilian 和 C. microcephala (DC.) M. Güzel, Coșkunç. & N. Kilian。尽管花粉粒的特征有助于区分亚族中的物种,但在某些情况下,这并不能证实最近的系统发育结果。本研究中描述的花粉特征提供的数据可能有助于未来的系统研究,以完善对 Cichorieae 物种的了解。研究亮点:本研究利用扫描电子显微镜对属于 Cichorieae 属 5 个属的 33 个物种的花粉形态进行了研究,并首次对 12 个物种进行了分析。基于花粉粒定量形态特征的聚类分析显示,可根据花粉特征对物种进行分组。此外,伊朗首次报道了 Cicerbita 的 3 个物种。
{"title":"Palynological investigation of some genera of Cichorieae (Asteraceae) in Iran.","authors":"Maneezheh Pakravan, Seyed Reza Safavi, Roghaieh Zarei, Zahra Tavakoli, Farrokh Ghahremaninejad, Maryam Noroozi, Zahra Nazem Bokaee, Mina Alimadadi, Najmeh Ghodusian, Fatemeh Hosseini, Fereshteh Moradi","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pollen morphology of 33 species belonging to the genera Lactuca, Launaea, Cicerbita, Sonchus, Condrilla (tribe Cichorieae: Asteraceae) from Iran were studied with light and electron microscopies. The pollen grains of the investigated taxa are almost oblate-spherical to prolate-spherical, the shapes are circular in equatorial view, hexagonal in polar view, only Sonchus species are triangular or quadrangular in polar view, isopolar, symmetrical and trizonocolporate, except Sonchus and Chondrilla species, which have tri- to tetrazonocolporate pollen grains, and echinolophate. The size and number of spines in the polar area and the number of spines in the paraporal ridges and equatorial ridges proved to be the most taxonomically authentic characteristics in this study. Three pollen types were distinguished, as in alignment with previous studies. Cluster analysis by Ward method based on 10 quantitative morphological characteristics of pollen grains revealed that the species could be grouped based on the pollen characteristics. Moreover, three species of Cicerbita including Cicerbita scoparia (Rech. f. & Köie) Kitam, C. rechingeriana (Tuisl) Coșkunç., M. Güzel & N. Kilian and C. microcephala (DC.) M. Güzel, Coșkunç. & N. Kilian were recorded for the first time in Iran. Although the characteristics of the pollen grains were useful for distinguishing the species in sub-tribes, in some cases, this did not confirm recent phylogenetic results. The pollen characteristics described in this study provide data that may be useful for future systematic studies aiming to complete the knowledge on Cichorieae species. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: In the present study, the pollen morphology of 33 species belonging to five genera of the Cichorieae are investigated with scanning electron microscopy and 12 species are analyzed for the first time. The cluster analysis based on the quantitative morphological characteristics of pollen grains revealed that the species could be grouped based on the pollen characteristics. In addition, three species of Cicerbita are reported for the first time in Iran.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141988335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The most prominent insect pest harming eucalyptus trees in China was Endoclita vietnamensis, which resulted in considerable losses to the environment and economy. This study examined the hair brush on the postpedes of male E. vietnamensis using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The finding revealed that the hair brush was made up of many large, flattened, pale yellow, specialized scales that were highly elongated. These scales were firmly affixed to the epidermis at their base, and at the attachment site, there was a swollen hair follicle. The interior of the pencil was hollow with ducts, and the surface featured rows of pores and longitudinal ridges. Numerous features, including mitochondria, lipid droplets, smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, and microvilli, were present in the tissue cells of the tibial segment of postpedes of male moths. The tibial segment of postpedes of male moths exhibited thicker epidermis, cavities, and voids in the tissue cortex, suggesting the presence of secretory activities in the tissue cells. With the location and structure of the pheromone gland determined, a theoretical foundation for future research into the communication between the female and male E. vietnamensis as well as the development of sex-specific pheromone-based catching and killing methods will be available. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Endoclita vietnamensis Buchsbaum & Grehan, 2022 is the most prominent insect pest harming eucalyptus trees in China. With the location and structure of the pheromone gland determined, a theoretical foundation for future research into the communication between the female and male E. vietnamensis as well as the development of sex-specific pheromone-based catching and killing methods will be available.
{"title":"Morphological and histological observations on the hair brush of Endoclita vietnamensis (Lepidoptera, Hepialidae).","authors":"Jiaxin Liu, Xiao Chen, Ping Hu","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24574","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The most prominent insect pest harming eucalyptus trees in China was Endoclita vietnamensis, which resulted in considerable losses to the environment and economy. This study examined the hair brush on the postpedes of male E. vietnamensis using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The finding revealed that the hair brush was made up of many large, flattened, pale yellow, specialized scales that were highly elongated. These scales were firmly affixed to the epidermis at their base, and at the attachment site, there was a swollen hair follicle. The interior of the pencil was hollow with ducts, and the surface featured rows of pores and longitudinal ridges. Numerous features, including mitochondria, lipid droplets, smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, and microvilli, were present in the tissue cells of the tibial segment of postpedes of male moths. The tibial segment of postpedes of male moths exhibited thicker epidermis, cavities, and voids in the tissue cortex, suggesting the presence of secretory activities in the tissue cells. With the location and structure of the pheromone gland determined, a theoretical foundation for future research into the communication between the female and male E. vietnamensis as well as the development of sex-specific pheromone-based catching and killing methods will be available. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Endoclita vietnamensis Buchsbaum & Grehan, 2022 is the most prominent insect pest harming eucalyptus trees in China. With the location and structure of the pheromone gland determined, a theoretical foundation for future research into the communication between the female and male E. vietnamensis as well as the development of sex-specific pheromone-based catching and killing methods will be available.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Sofía Dip, Eduardo Martín, Marcela Beatriz Hernández, María Daniela Miotti
Sperm morphology is considered the best indicator of male fertility. In Neotropical bats, important aspects of sperm morphology have been scantly studied. The aim of the present study was to characterize and compare the sperm morphology and morphometry of Artibeus planirostris and Sturnira erythromos. A total of 11 specimens were analyzed from the Colección de Mamíferos Lillo: five A. planirostris and six S. erythromos. The fixed epididymis were extracted and macerated in Farmer's solution, followed by the routine cytological procedure with different stains. To carry out the description and morphometric analysis, microphotographs were taken under an optical, epifluorescence and scanning electron microscope. A total of 50 sperm from each individual were measured for morphometric analysis. The percentage of normal/abnormal spermatozoa was estimated and the sperm abnormalities were classified. Both species showed morphologically simple spermatozoa with a spatulate head, a short neck, a helical midpiece and a tail that tapers at the final end, similar to other species of Phyllostomidae. The differences observed were: apex of the head was conical in A. planirostris and was oval in S. erythromos; longer head and midpiece in S. erythomos and longer sperm in A. planirostris. Both species showed a high percentage of sperm with normal appearance: 65% for A. planirostris and 72% for S. erythromos. The main sperm abnormalities were: scattered tails and heads, coiled tails, folded midpieces and presence of cytoplasmic droplets. The present work will improve the understanding of their reproductive biology. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Morphological descriptions and morphometric analyses of the sperm of Artibeus planirostris and Sturnira erythromos were carried out with optical, epifluorescence and scanning electron microscopy.
精子形态被认为是雄性生育能力的最佳指标。对新热带蝙蝠精子形态的重要方面的研究很少。本研究旨在描述和比较 Artibeus planirostris 和 Sturnira erythromos 的精子形态和形态测量。本研究共分析了 11 个来自 Colección de Mamíferos Lillo 的标本:5 个 A. planirostris 和 6 个 S. erythromos。将固定的附睾提取出来并浸泡在 Farmer's 溶液中,然后用不同的染色剂进行常规细胞学处理。为了进行描述和形态分析,在光学显微镜、荧光显微镜和扫描电子显微镜下拍摄了显微照片。每个个体共有 50 个精子被测量用于形态分析。估算正常/异常精子的百分比,并对精子畸形进行分类。这两个物种的精子形态简单,头部呈匙形,颈部较短,中段呈螺旋状,尾部末端变细,与其他鞘蟾科物种相似。观察到的差异是:A. planirostris 的头部先端呈圆锥形,而 S. erythromos 的头部先端呈椭圆形;S. erythomos 的头部和中段较长,而 A. planirostris 的精子较长。两个物种的精子外观正常的比例都很高:A. planirostris 为 65%,S. erythromos 为 72%。精子的主要异常情况是:尾部和头部分散、尾部卷曲、中段折叠和存在细胞质液滴。本研究工作将加深人们对其生殖生物学的了解。研究重点利用光学显微镜、荧光显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对 Artibeus planirostris 和 Sturnira erythromos 的精子进行了形态学描述和形态计量分析。
{"title":"Characterization of sperm morphology in two species of Neotropical bats: Artibeus planirostris and Sturnira erythromos (Phyllostomidae, Chiroptera).","authors":"Ana Sofía Dip, Eduardo Martín, Marcela Beatriz Hernández, María Daniela Miotti","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sperm morphology is considered the best indicator of male fertility. In Neotropical bats, important aspects of sperm morphology have been scantly studied. The aim of the present study was to characterize and compare the sperm morphology and morphometry of Artibeus planirostris and Sturnira erythromos. A total of 11 specimens were analyzed from the Colección de Mamíferos Lillo: five A. planirostris and six S. erythromos. The fixed epididymis were extracted and macerated in Farmer's solution, followed by the routine cytological procedure with different stains. To carry out the description and morphometric analysis, microphotographs were taken under an optical, epifluorescence and scanning electron microscope. A total of 50 sperm from each individual were measured for morphometric analysis. The percentage of normal/abnormal spermatozoa was estimated and the sperm abnormalities were classified. Both species showed morphologically simple spermatozoa with a spatulate head, a short neck, a helical midpiece and a tail that tapers at the final end, similar to other species of Phyllostomidae. The differences observed were: apex of the head was conical in A. planirostris and was oval in S. erythromos; longer head and midpiece in S. erythomos and longer sperm in A. planirostris. Both species showed a high percentage of sperm with normal appearance: 65% for A. planirostris and 72% for S. erythromos. The main sperm abnormalities were: scattered tails and heads, coiled tails, folded midpieces and presence of cytoplasmic droplets. The present work will improve the understanding of their reproductive biology. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Morphological descriptions and morphometric analyses of the sperm of Artibeus planirostris and Sturnira erythromos were carried out with optical, epifluorescence and scanning electron microscopy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Mujahid, Amjad Rehman Khan, Mahyar Kolivand, Faten S Alamri, Tanzila Saba, Saeed Ali Omer Bahaj
Ultrafast fluorescent confocal microscopy is a hypothetical approach for breast cancer detection because of its potential to achieve instantaneous, high-resolution images of cellular-level tissue features. Traditional approaches such as mammography and biopsy are laborious, invasive, and inefficient; confocal microscopy offers many benefits over these approaches. However, confocal microscopy enables the exact differentiation of malignant cells, the expeditious examination of extensive tissue sections, and the optical sectioning of tissue samples into tiny slices. The primary goal should be to prevent cancer altogether, although detecting it early can help achieve that objective. This research presents a novel Breast Histopathology Convolutional Neural Network (BHCNN) for feature extraction and recursive feature elimination method for selecting the most significant features. The proposed approach utilizes full slide images to identify tissue in regions affected by invasive ductal carcinoma. In addition, a transfer learning approach is employed to enhance the performance and accuracy of the models in detecting breast cancer, while also reducing computation time by modifying the final layer of the proposed model. The results showed that the BHCNN model outperformed other models in terms of accuracy, achieving a testing accuracy of 98.42% and a training accuracy of 99.94%. The confusion matrix results show that the IDC positive (+) class achieved 97.44% accuracy and 2.56% inaccurate results, while the IDC negative (-) class achieved 98.73% accuracy and 1.27% inaccurate results. Furthermore, the model achieved less than 0.05 validation loss. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: The objective is to develop an innovative framework using ultra-fast fluorescence confocal microscopy, particularly for the challenging problem of breast cancer diagnosis. This framework will extract essential features from microscopy and employ a gradient recurrent unit for detection. The proposed research offers significant potential in enhancing medical imaging through the provision of a reliable and resilient system for precise diagnosis of breast cancer, thereby propelling the progression of state-of-the-art medical technology. The most suitable feature was determined using BHRFE optimization techniques after retrieving the features by proposed model. Finally, the features chosen are integrated into a proposed methodology, which is then classified using a GRU deep model. The aforementioned research has significant potential to improve medical imaging by providing a complex and reliable system for precise evaluation of breast cancer, hence advancing the development of cutting-edge medical technology.
{"title":"Breast histopathological imaging using ultra-fast fluorescence confocal microscopy to identify cancer lesions at early stage.","authors":"Muhammad Mujahid, Amjad Rehman Khan, Mahyar Kolivand, Faten S Alamri, Tanzila Saba, Saeed Ali Omer Bahaj","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultrafast fluorescent confocal microscopy is a hypothetical approach for breast cancer detection because of its potential to achieve instantaneous, high-resolution images of cellular-level tissue features. Traditional approaches such as mammography and biopsy are laborious, invasive, and inefficient; confocal microscopy offers many benefits over these approaches. However, confocal microscopy enables the exact differentiation of malignant cells, the expeditious examination of extensive tissue sections, and the optical sectioning of tissue samples into tiny slices. The primary goal should be to prevent cancer altogether, although detecting it early can help achieve that objective. This research presents a novel Breast Histopathology Convolutional Neural Network (BHCNN) for feature extraction and recursive feature elimination method for selecting the most significant features. The proposed approach utilizes full slide images to identify tissue in regions affected by invasive ductal carcinoma. In addition, a transfer learning approach is employed to enhance the performance and accuracy of the models in detecting breast cancer, while also reducing computation time by modifying the final layer of the proposed model. The results showed that the BHCNN model outperformed other models in terms of accuracy, achieving a testing accuracy of 98.42% and a training accuracy of 99.94%. The confusion matrix results show that the IDC positive (+) class achieved 97.44% accuracy and 2.56% inaccurate results, while the IDC negative (-) class achieved 98.73% accuracy and 1.27% inaccurate results. Furthermore, the model achieved less than 0.05 validation loss. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: The objective is to develop an innovative framework using ultra-fast fluorescence confocal microscopy, particularly for the challenging problem of breast cancer diagnosis. This framework will extract essential features from microscopy and employ a gradient recurrent unit for detection. The proposed research offers significant potential in enhancing medical imaging through the provision of a reliable and resilient system for precise diagnosis of breast cancer, thereby propelling the progression of state-of-the-art medical technology. The most suitable feature was determined using BHRFE optimization techniques after retrieving the features by proposed model. Finally, the features chosen are integrated into a proposed methodology, which is then classified using a GRU deep model. The aforementioned research has significant potential to improve medical imaging by providing a complex and reliable system for precise evaluation of breast cancer, hence advancing the development of cutting-edge medical technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fibraurea tinctoria Lour. (Menispermaceae) is a medicinal plant used by many local tribes in Indonesia and other countries. This species has pharmacological potential, such as antimalaria, antibacterial, antitumor, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and hepato-protector. However, the secretory structures and sites of secondary metabolite accumulation still need to be studied. This study aimed to explore the secretory structures and reveal the accumulation sites of the main classes of secondary metabolites in the root, stem, and leaves of F. tinctoria. Histochemical analysis using various specific reagents was performed on freehand sections of the fresh organs to detect alkaloids, phenolics, terpenoids, and lipophilic compounds. Observations of secretory structures were carried out using light microscopy. The result showed that idioblast was the predominant secretory structure in the plant organs and contained all the chemical groups investigated, while laticifer accumulated alkaloids were found only in the stem. Some secondary metabolites were localized in the xylem, intercellular space, and cuticle layer. Crystals were observed in the root, stem, and leaf of this species. These results might be helpful as guide information for extracting the particular plant parts to obtain the desired secondary metabolites. It suggested that leaves are a potential alternative source of medicinal raw material of this species, in addition to the stem. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: The first study on secretory structures of Fibraurea tinctoria. Secondary metabolites in F. tinctoria organs accumulate in specialized and unspecialized structures. The idioblast is the primary secretory structure in the organs of F. tinctoria spreading over the root, stem, and leaves.
{"title":"Secretory structures and histochemistry of roots, stem, and leaves of medicinal plant Fibraurea tinctoria Lour.","authors":"Septina Asih Widuri, Yohana Caecilia Sulistyaningsih, Abdul Halim Umar, Diah Ratnadewi","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fibraurea tinctoria Lour. (Menispermaceae) is a medicinal plant used by many local tribes in Indonesia and other countries. This species has pharmacological potential, such as antimalaria, antibacterial, antitumor, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and hepato-protector. However, the secretory structures and sites of secondary metabolite accumulation still need to be studied. This study aimed to explore the secretory structures and reveal the accumulation sites of the main classes of secondary metabolites in the root, stem, and leaves of F. tinctoria. Histochemical analysis using various specific reagents was performed on freehand sections of the fresh organs to detect alkaloids, phenolics, terpenoids, and lipophilic compounds. Observations of secretory structures were carried out using light microscopy. The result showed that idioblast was the predominant secretory structure in the plant organs and contained all the chemical groups investigated, while laticifer accumulated alkaloids were found only in the stem. Some secondary metabolites were localized in the xylem, intercellular space, and cuticle layer. Crystals were observed in the root, stem, and leaf of this species. These results might be helpful as guide information for extracting the particular plant parts to obtain the desired secondary metabolites. It suggested that leaves are a potential alternative source of medicinal raw material of this species, in addition to the stem. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: The first study on secretory structures of Fibraurea tinctoria. Secondary metabolites in F. tinctoria organs accumulate in specialized and unspecialized structures. The idioblast is the primary secretory structure in the organs of F. tinctoria spreading over the root, stem, and leaves.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141909986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study unveils the intricate details on the morphology of thrips through optical, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene-based molecular identification tools. The variation in the morphological characters namely, antennae (seven-segmented with forked sensorium on third, fourth segments), ctenidia (paired ctenidia were present in 5th-8th abdominal segments laterally), pronotum (two pairs of posteroangular setae) were observed in both Thrips tabaci and Thrips parvispinus, respectively. Similarly, ocelli color (brown and red colored), ocellar setae (two and three pairs of ocellar setae on the head of T. tabaci and T. parvispinus, respectively. Irregular reticulate striations on metascutum and medial striations are present in the metanotum of T. parvispinus; forewings with 6 distal setae in the first vein and 15 distal setae in the second vein in T. tabaci and forewings of T. parvispinus with complete rows of setae in the first and second vein in T. parvispinus; abdomen with median dorsal setae present in the tergite of T. tabaci and presence of 6-12 discal setae in sternites III-VI segments, absence of discal setae on sternites II and VII in T. parvispinus were observed, respectively. Further, FE-SEM studies revealed that similar type of sensilla namely, sensilla basiconica (SBI, SBII, SBIII), sensilla chaetica (SChI, SChII), sensilla trichodea (ST), sensilla campaniformia (SCa), and sensilla cavity (SCav) were recorded in both the species and variations were observed in length of above sensilla of T. tabaci and T. parvispinus. Additionally, Bohm bristles (Bb) and microtrichia (Mt) on the antennal surface contributed to a comprehensive understanding of their ultrastructural features. The molecular characterization revealed a single ~450 bp nucleotide fragment with over 98% similarity for the confirmation of T. tabaci and T. parvispinus in concurrence with NCBI data. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Microscopy-based morphological and ultrastructural characterization of Thrips tabaci Lindeman and Thrips parvispinus Karny.
本研究通过光学、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)和基于线粒体细胞色素氧化酶 I 基因的分子鉴定工具,揭示了蓟马形态的复杂细节。观察到烟青蓟马和副蓟马的形态特征存在差异,即触角(七节,第三、四节上有分叉的感应器)、栉体(成对的栉体出现在腹部第 5-8 节的侧面)、前胸(两对后角刚毛)。同样,T. tabaci 和 T. parvispinus 的眼轮颜色(棕色和红色)、眼轮刚毛(T. tabaci 和 T. parvispinus 头部分别有两对和三对眼轮刚毛。T. tabaci 的前翅第一脉有 6 根远端刚毛,第二脉有 15 根远端刚毛,T. parvispinus 的前翅第一脉和第二脉有完整的刚毛列。T.tabaci和 T. parvispinus的前翅第一和第二脉有完整的刚毛列;观察到 T. tabaci 的腹部有中背刚毛,胸片 III-VI 节有 6-12 根盘状刚毛,T. parvispinus 的胸片 II 和 VII 没有盘状刚毛。此外,FE-SEM 研究还发现,两个物种都有类似类型的感觉器,即基本感觉器(SBI、SBII、SBIII)、楔形感觉器(SChI、SChII)、毛状感觉器(ST)、钟状感觉器(SCa)和穴状感觉器(SCav),并观察到 T. tabaci 和 T. parvispinus 上述感觉器的长度存在差异。此外,触角表面的波姆刚毛(Bb)和微管(Mt)也有助于全面了解它们的超微结构特征。分子特征研究发现了一个 ~450 bp 的核苷酸片段,其相似度超过 98%,可用于确认 T. tabaci 和 T. parvispinus,与 NCBI 数据一致。研究亮点:基于显微镜的烟青蓟马(Thrips tabaci Lindeman)和副蓟马(Thrips parvispinus Karny)的形态学和超微结构特征。
{"title":"Unveiling thrips morphology: A comparative analysis of microscopy-based ultrastructural, morphological, and molecular characterization of Thrips tabaci and Thrips parvispinus in onion.","authors":"Arunkumar Pandi, Kannan Malaichamy, Kennedy John Samuel, Dineshkumar Selvaraj, Govindaraju Kasivelu, Elango Kolanthasamy","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study unveils the intricate details on the morphology of thrips through optical, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene-based molecular identification tools. The variation in the morphological characters namely, antennae (seven-segmented with forked sensorium on third, fourth segments), ctenidia (paired ctenidia were present in 5<sup>th</sup>-8<sup>th</sup> abdominal segments laterally), pronotum (two pairs of posteroangular setae) were observed in both Thrips tabaci and Thrips parvispinus, respectively. Similarly, ocelli color (brown and red colored), ocellar setae (two and three pairs of ocellar setae on the head of T. tabaci and T. parvispinus, respectively. Irregular reticulate striations on metascutum and medial striations are present in the metanotum of T. parvispinus; forewings with 6 distal setae in the first vein and 15 distal setae in the second vein in T. tabaci and forewings of T. parvispinus with complete rows of setae in the first and second vein in T. parvispinus; abdomen with median dorsal setae present in the tergite of T. tabaci and presence of 6-12 discal setae in sternites III-VI segments, absence of discal setae on sternites II and VII in T. parvispinus were observed, respectively. Further, FE-SEM studies revealed that similar type of sensilla namely, sensilla basiconica (SBI, SBII, SBIII), sensilla chaetica (SChI, SChII), sensilla trichodea (ST), sensilla campaniformia (SCa), and sensilla cavity (SCav) were recorded in both the species and variations were observed in length of above sensilla of T. tabaci and T. parvispinus. Additionally, Bohm bristles (Bb) and microtrichia (Mt) on the antennal surface contributed to a comprehensive understanding of their ultrastructural features. The molecular characterization revealed a single ~450 bp nucleotide fragment with over 98% similarity for the confirmation of T. tabaci and T. parvispinus in concurrence with NCBI data. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Microscopy-based morphological and ultrastructural characterization of Thrips tabaci Lindeman and Thrips parvispinus Karny.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141907105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}