Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.1.5725
D. Ningsih, A. Riapanitra, Zusfahair Zusfahair, U. Sulaeman, Istinganatun Khoeriyah
This report presented the synthesis of Arumanis mango (Mangifera indica L.) leaf extract with chitosan tripolyphosphate matrix and its antibacterial activity. This research aimed to obtain an ointment formulation from mango leaf extract with chitosan tripolyphosphate matrix, to figure out the characteristics, including the particle morphology, and to determine the optimum formulation and the characterization of the antibacterial ointment. The research showed that extract morphology with chitosan tripolyphosphate was uneven-edge aggregates. Antibacterial tests were conducted on P. acnes and E. coli bacteria. The formula giving the greatest antibacterial activity was further utilized for the ointment preparations and then was characterized for 16 days. Formula C (chitosan and NaTPP 1: 0.0992(%)) gave the most excellent inhibition zone for P. acnes and E. Coli bacteria, at 7.94 mm and 10.02 mm, respectively. The obtained ointment preparation was white color homogeneous semi-solid with protective properties. The spreading power of the ointment was 5.25 – 6.25 cm, with the adhesive power of 1 – 5 seconds and pH of 6.0 – 6.4. The ointment's antibacterial activity was tested against P. acnes and E. coli bacteria using the formation of inhibition zone method. The activity of ointment prepared on day one against P. acnes and E. coli was at 14.03 mm and 14.24 mm, respectively, while the activity on day 16 against P. acnes and E. coli was at 9.33 mm and 9.98 mm, respectively.
{"title":"Ointment Formulation of Arumanis Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Leaf Extract with Chitosan Tripoliphosphate Matrix as Antibacterial","authors":"D. Ningsih, A. Riapanitra, Zusfahair Zusfahair, U. Sulaeman, Istinganatun Khoeriyah","doi":"10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.1.5725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.1.5725","url":null,"abstract":"This report presented the synthesis of Arumanis mango (Mangifera indica L.) leaf extract with chitosan tripolyphosphate matrix and its antibacterial activity. This research aimed to obtain an ointment formulation from mango leaf extract with chitosan tripolyphosphate matrix, to figure out the characteristics, including the particle morphology, and to determine the optimum formulation and the characterization of the antibacterial ointment. The research showed that extract morphology with chitosan tripolyphosphate was uneven-edge aggregates. Antibacterial tests were conducted on P. acnes and E. coli bacteria. The formula giving the greatest antibacterial activity was further utilized for the ointment preparations and then was characterized for 16 days. Formula C (chitosan and NaTPP 1: 0.0992(%)) gave the most excellent inhibition zone for P. acnes and E. Coli bacteria, at 7.94 mm and 10.02 mm, respectively. The obtained ointment preparation was white color homogeneous semi-solid with protective properties. The spreading power of the ointment was 5.25 – 6.25 cm, with the adhesive power of 1 – 5 seconds and pH of 6.0 – 6.4. The ointment's antibacterial activity was tested against P. acnes and E. coli bacteria using the formation of inhibition zone method. The activity of ointment prepared on day one against P. acnes and E. coli was at 14.03 mm and 14.24 mm, respectively, while the activity on day 16 against P. acnes and E. coli was at 9.33 mm and 9.98 mm, respectively.","PeriodicalId":18773,"journal":{"name":"Molekul","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48228671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.1.6833
C. Tahya, Karnelasatri Karnelasatri, Nelson Gaspersz
There are two species of plant that grow flourishing all around Indonesia including in Banten and West Java which are Merremia vitifolia and Bidens pilosa. In this study we evaluate how these plants could be potentially used as natural preserver of fish product especially Auxis thazard, to inhibit the histamine formation, and to find out how this activity correlates to the substances in polar extract of B. pilosa flowers and M. vitifolia leaves. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to identify the substances of the plant’s part extracts. There are 27 chemicals in M. vitifolia extract and 14 chemicals in B. pilosa extract that have been detected. A triglyceride has been detected, isolated, and characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR from n-hexane extract of M. vitifolia supported by LC-MS/MS data. Histamine formation in fish was determined after 30 min treatment with 4-hydroxybenzoic acid solution is around 40 – 51 mg / 100 g of fish, while treatment with M. vitifolia and Bidens pilosa extracts were less than 10 mg / 100 g of fish. This is the indication of high potential of both extract as preserver of fish products. Many of the identified substances have bioactivity like antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and more, which influence the extracts’ ability to inhibit the formation of histamine in fish.
{"title":"Chemical Profiling and Histamine Inhibitory Activity Assessment of Merremia Vitifolia and Bidens Pilosa Extracts","authors":"C. Tahya, Karnelasatri Karnelasatri, Nelson Gaspersz","doi":"10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.1.6833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.1.6833","url":null,"abstract":"There are two species of plant that grow flourishing all around Indonesia including in Banten and West Java which are Merremia vitifolia and Bidens pilosa. In this study we evaluate how these plants could be potentially used as natural preserver of fish product especially Auxis thazard, to inhibit the histamine formation, and to find out how this activity correlates to the substances in polar extract of B. pilosa flowers and M. vitifolia leaves. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to identify the substances of the plant’s part extracts. There are 27 chemicals in M. vitifolia extract and 14 chemicals in B. pilosa extract that have been detected. A triglyceride has been detected, isolated, and characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR from n-hexane extract of M. vitifolia supported by LC-MS/MS data. Histamine formation in fish was determined after 30 min treatment with 4-hydroxybenzoic acid solution is around 40 – 51 mg / 100 g of fish, while treatment with M. vitifolia and Bidens pilosa extracts were less than 10 mg / 100 g of fish. This is the indication of high potential of both extract as preserver of fish products. Many of the identified substances have bioactivity like antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and more, which influence the extracts’ ability to inhibit the formation of histamine in fish.","PeriodicalId":18773,"journal":{"name":"Molekul","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47634603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-20DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.5808
H. Diastuti, A. Asnani, E. V. Y. Delsy, Restu Pamukasari, Sri Indriani
Zingiber zerumbet is a medicinal plant that has the potential as a source of bioactive compounds. Zerumbone is a major compound of the essential oil fraction of Z. zerumbet. Research on antimicrobial activity and toxicity of zerumbone is still very limited. In this study, the zerumbone was isolated from Z. zerumbet rhizome and then studied for its potential as an antimicrobial agent and toxicity properties. The isolation of the zerumbone compound was carried out through extraction, fractionation, and purification. The structure of zerumbone was determined by an NMR spectrophotometer (1D and 2D) and GCMS. The toxicity assay was carried out using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method, while the antimicrobial activity assay was carried out using the microdilution method against, Escherichia coli, Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus ceureus, Candida albicans, Malasezia furfur, and Aspergillus sp. The isolation of zerumbone from the n-hexane fraction of Z. zerumbet rhizome obtained a pure compound in the form of white crystals, with a melting point of 65.5 ºC. Toxicity assay of zerumbone was obtained LC50 values of 21.29 µg/mL. The activity assays on the seven test microbes showed potential activities with a range of MIC values of 15.62–250 µg/mL. Zerumbone has the highest activity against Aspergillus sp with the MIC value of 15.62 µg/mL.
{"title":"Toxicity and Antimicrobial Activity of Zerumbon from Zingiber zerumbet Rhizome","authors":"H. Diastuti, A. Asnani, E. V. Y. Delsy, Restu Pamukasari, Sri Indriani","doi":"10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.5808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.5808","url":null,"abstract":"Zingiber zerumbet is a medicinal plant that has the potential as a source of bioactive compounds. Zerumbone is a major compound of the essential oil fraction of Z. zerumbet. Research on antimicrobial activity and toxicity of zerumbone is still very limited. In this study, the zerumbone was isolated from Z. zerumbet rhizome and then studied for its potential as an antimicrobial agent and toxicity properties. The isolation of the zerumbone compound was carried out through extraction, fractionation, and purification. The structure of zerumbone was determined by an NMR spectrophotometer (1D and 2D) and GCMS. The toxicity assay was carried out using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method, while the antimicrobial activity assay was carried out using the microdilution method against, Escherichia coli, Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus ceureus, Candida albicans, Malasezia furfur, and Aspergillus sp. The isolation of zerumbone from the n-hexane fraction of Z. zerumbet rhizome obtained a pure compound in the form of white crystals, with a melting point of 65.5 ºC. Toxicity assay of zerumbone was obtained LC50 values of 21.29 µg/mL. The activity assays on the seven test microbes showed potential activities with a range of MIC values of 15.62–250 µg/mL. Zerumbone has the highest activity against Aspergillus sp with the MIC value of 15.62 µg/mL.","PeriodicalId":18773,"journal":{"name":"Molekul","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43122877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-19DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.7017
Zahra Silmi Muscifa, T. Sumaryada, L. Ambarsari, S. T. Wahyudi
Research related to SARS-CoV-2 drugs is still ongoing. In this initial research, we perform a computational approach on SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is one of the functional proteins in SARS-CoV-2 that can be a target for drug development, which has an essential function in the viral replication process synthesizing the RNA genome of the virus. This study used the RdRp-Remdesivir complex structure from RCSB with ID PDB 7BV2, with a resolution of 2.5 Å. Currently, Remdesivir is under the clinical trial phase as a Covid-19 drug. In this study, we tested a thousand natural Indonesian compounds used as SARS-CoV-2 RdRp inhibitors obtained from the Indonesian natural compounds database (HerbalDB). The first stage of this computational analysis was pharmacophore modeling structure-based drug design. The natural compounds were analyzed based on their steric and electronic similarities to Remdesivir. A molecular docking simulation was then performed to obtain binding energy and bond stability to produce natural compounds that can inhibit RdRp SARS-CoV-2. The final stage was the molecular dynamics simulation that explored the conformational space of natural compounds and proteins. The ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity) test was carried out on the five best compounds to obtain these natural compounds' computational pharmacology and pharmacokinetics. The simulation identified Sotetsuflavone (CID: 5494868) from Cycas revoluta, Grossamide (CID: 5322012) from Cannabis sativa, and 6-Hydroxyluteolin-6,7-disulfate (CID: 13845917) from Lippia nodiflora are the best compounds that can inhibit RdRp SARS-CoV-2. These potential compounds can then be tested in-vitro and in-vivo in the future.
{"title":"Potential Indonesian Natural Compound as antiviral for COVID-19 targeting the RdRp: In silico Study","authors":"Zahra Silmi Muscifa, T. Sumaryada, L. Ambarsari, S. T. Wahyudi","doi":"10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.7017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.7017","url":null,"abstract":"Research related to SARS-CoV-2 drugs is still ongoing. In this initial research, we perform a computational approach on SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is one of the functional proteins in SARS-CoV-2 that can be a target for drug development, which has an essential function in the viral replication process synthesizing the RNA genome of the virus. This study used the RdRp-Remdesivir complex structure from RCSB with ID PDB 7BV2, with a resolution of 2.5 Å. Currently, Remdesivir is under the clinical trial phase as a Covid-19 drug. In this study, we tested a thousand natural Indonesian compounds used as SARS-CoV-2 RdRp inhibitors obtained from the Indonesian natural compounds database (HerbalDB). The first stage of this computational analysis was pharmacophore modeling structure-based drug design. The natural compounds were analyzed based on their steric and electronic similarities to Remdesivir. A molecular docking simulation was then performed to obtain binding energy and bond stability to produce natural compounds that can inhibit RdRp SARS-CoV-2. The final stage was the molecular dynamics simulation that explored the conformational space of natural compounds and proteins. The ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity) test was carried out on the five best compounds to obtain these natural compounds' computational pharmacology and pharmacokinetics. The simulation identified Sotetsuflavone (CID: 5494868) from Cycas revoluta, Grossamide (CID: 5322012) from Cannabis sativa, and 6-Hydroxyluteolin-6,7-disulfate (CID: 13845917) from Lippia nodiflora are the best compounds that can inhibit RdRp SARS-CoV-2. These potential compounds can then be tested in-vitro and in-vivo in the future. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":18773,"journal":{"name":"Molekul","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43417963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-19DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.6619
K. Sugiyarto, H. Goodwin
Complexes of [Fe(paptH)2][X]2.nH2O, (paptH = 2-(pyridin-2-ylamino)-4-(pyridin-2-yl)- thiazole, X = CF3SO3 and n = 1.5, and X2 = [Fe(CN)5NO] and n = 3) have been characterized in magnetic, Mössbauer, and electronic spectral properties. The studies reveal that the two complexes are predominantly quintet state at room temperature, but singlet at low temperature (below 91K). The change is assigned as a thermally spin state transition, singlet 1A1g (LS, low-spin) ↔ quintet 5T2g (HS, high-spin), in iron(II), being gradual, continuous, and incomplete at the experimental temperature range, and without hysteresis in these instances. The two complexes were yellowish brown at room temperature (~ 298K) but darkening to reddish brown at the lower temperatures.
[Fe(paptH)2][X]的配合物nH2O， (paptH = 2-(吡啶-2-氨基)-4-(吡啶-2-基)-噻唑，X = CF3SO3, n = 1.5, X2 = [Fe(CN)5NO]， n = 3)的磁性，Mössbauer和电子光谱性质进行了表征。研究表明，这两种配合物在室温下以五重态为主，而在低温(低于91K)下则以单线态为主。在铁(II)中，这种变化被指定为热自旋态转变，单重态1A1g (LS，低自旋)↔五重态5t2 (HS，高自旋)，在实验温度范围内是渐进的、连续的和不完全的，并且在这些情况下没有滞后。这两种配合物在室温(~ 298K)下呈黄褐色，在较低温度下变为红棕色。
{"title":"Preparation of [Fe(paptH)2] (CF3SO3)2 and [Fe(paptH)2] [Fe(CN)5NO] (paptH = bis(2-(pyridin-2-ylamino)-4-(pyridin-2-yl)thiazole: Magnetic, Mössbauer, and Electronic Spectral Properties","authors":"K. Sugiyarto, H. Goodwin","doi":"10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.6619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.6619","url":null,"abstract":"Complexes of [Fe(paptH)2][X]2.nH2O, (paptH = 2-(pyridin-2-ylamino)-4-(pyridin-2-yl)- thiazole, X = CF3SO3 and n = 1.5, and X2 = [Fe(CN)5NO] and n = 3) have been characterized in magnetic, Mössbauer, and electronic spectral properties. The studies reveal that the two complexes are predominantly quintet state at room temperature, but singlet at low temperature (below 91K). The change is assigned as a thermally spin state transition, singlet 1A1g (LS, low-spin) ↔ quintet 5T2g (HS, high-spin), in iron(II), being gradual, continuous, and incomplete at the experimental temperature range, and without hysteresis in these instances. The two complexes were yellowish brown at room temperature (~ 298K) but darkening to reddish brown at the lower temperatures.","PeriodicalId":18773,"journal":{"name":"Molekul","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45908303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-19DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.5461
P. Pujiastuti, Yari Mukti Wibowo, Narimo Narimo
The purpose of the study was to examine the ability of 100 mesh size moringa seed powder as a biocoagulant in improving the quality of laboratory wastewater, in terms of parameters: color, TSS, Cu, Fe, COD, P-PO4, and antibacterial. The variable that changed was the concentration of Moringa seed powder solution of 0 mg/L, 40 mg/L, 80 mg/L, 120 mg/L, and 160 mg/L, with fast stirring of 150 rpm for 15 minutes and slow stirring of 50 rpm for 15 minutes. Analysis of test parameters was carried out using standardized methods of wastewater samples before and after the addition of biocoagulants. Characteristics of 100 mesh Moringa seed powder were that with the SEM-EDX test at 5000x magnification. While with the BET-BJH test it had a surface area of 14.519 m2/g, a total pore volume of 0.026 cm2/g, and an average pore size of 7.055. Moringa seed powder could improve the quality of laboratory wastewater and it had good effectiveness. Optimal TSS reduction was at a concentration of 80 % with effectiveness of 81.01 %. The reduction of COD and P-PO4 at a concentration of 160 % biocoagulants had an effectiveness of 96.36 % and 79.36 %. Whilst the decrease in heavy metal Cu was 67.7 %, Fe was 89.33 % and color was 52.96 % with the addition of 120 % biocoagulants. It had antibacterial properties of E-coli and Bacillus at the addition of 200 mg/L biocoagulant as well.
{"title":"Moringa Seed Powder Biocoagulant (Moringa oleifera) for Improving Laboratory Wastewater Quality","authors":"P. Pujiastuti, Yari Mukti Wibowo, Narimo Narimo","doi":"10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.5461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.5461","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000The purpose of the study was to examine the ability of 100 mesh size moringa seed powder as a biocoagulant in improving the quality of laboratory wastewater, in terms of parameters: color, TSS, Cu, Fe, COD, P-PO4, and antibacterial. The variable that changed was the concentration of Moringa seed powder solution of 0 mg/L, 40 mg/L, 80 mg/L, 120 mg/L, and 160 mg/L, with fast stirring of 150 rpm for 15 minutes and slow stirring of 50 rpm for 15 minutes. Analysis of test parameters was carried out using standardized methods of wastewater samples before and after the addition of biocoagulants. Characteristics of 100 mesh Moringa seed powder were that with the SEM-EDX test at 5000x magnification. While with the BET-BJH test it had a surface area of 14.519 m2/g, a total pore volume of 0.026 cm2/g, and an average pore size of 7.055. Moringa seed powder could improve the quality of laboratory wastewater and it had good effectiveness. Optimal TSS reduction was at a concentration of 80 % with effectiveness of 81.01 %. The reduction of COD and P-PO4 at a concentration of 160 % biocoagulants had an effectiveness of 96.36 % and 79.36 %. Whilst the decrease in heavy metal Cu was 67.7 %, Fe was 89.33 % and color was 52.96 % with the addition of 120 % biocoagulants. It had antibacterial properties of E-coli and Bacillus at the addition of 200 mg/L biocoagulant as well. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":18773,"journal":{"name":"Molekul","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42576475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-19DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.6463
I. K. Lasia
This study aims to treat carbon and oxalate practicum waste as an adsorbent material candidate in the Chemistry Laboratory. Practicum waste was used to synthesise carbon-oxalate (C-Ox) by using wet (C-OxW) and semi-wet (C-OxDs) impregnation methods. The products were tested by SEM and FTIR. The adsorption was tested by contacting each 1 gram of C-Ox with various concentrations of chromium ions waste for 24 hours while shaking. The filtrate was measured by AAS. The data obtained were compared with standard activated carbon (CC) as control and analyzed with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm equations. The results showed that C-Ox can be used as an adsorbent in the chemistry laboratory. Based on the SEM test, the pores of C-OxW were seen to be most than C-OxDs and CC. Adsorption of chromium ions of C-OxW and C-OxDs were more effective than CC. C-Ox test by FTIR showed very sharp wavenumbers appeared at 3674.5 and 3705.41 cm-1 for the hydroxyl groups; 1697.4 cm-1 for C=O; and 1141.8 cm-1 for C-O. The determination coefficient (R2) of Freundlich isotherm of CC and C-Ox were higher than Langmuir isotherm, and on the other hand, R2 of C-OxDs was shown oppositely.
{"title":"Carbon-Oxalate (C-Ox) Practicum Waste as an Adsorbent Material Candidate in the Chemistry Laboratory","authors":"I. K. Lasia","doi":"10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.6463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.6463","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to treat carbon and oxalate practicum waste as an adsorbent material candidate in the Chemistry Laboratory. Practicum waste was used to synthesise carbon-oxalate (C-Ox) by using wet (C-OxW) and semi-wet (C-OxDs) impregnation methods. The products were tested by SEM and FTIR. The adsorption was tested by contacting each 1 gram of C-Ox with various concentrations of chromium ions waste for 24 hours while shaking. The filtrate was measured by AAS. The data obtained were compared with standard activated carbon (CC) as control and analyzed with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm equations. The results showed that C-Ox can be used as an adsorbent in the chemistry laboratory. Based on the SEM test, the pores of C-OxW were seen to be most than C-OxDs and CC. Adsorption of chromium ions of C-OxW and C-OxDs were more effective than CC. C-Ox test by FTIR showed very sharp wavenumbers appeared at 3674.5 and 3705.41 cm-1 for the hydroxyl groups; 1697.4 cm-1 for C=O; and 1141.8 cm-1 for C-O. The determination coefficient (R2) of Freundlich isotherm of CC and C-Ox were higher than Langmuir isotherm, and on the other hand, R2 of C-OxDs was shown oppositely.","PeriodicalId":18773,"journal":{"name":"Molekul","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47259755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-19DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.5881
Warsinah Warsinah, Eka Prasasti Nur Rachmani, H. Diastuti
Date palm seeds (Phoenix dactylifera L.) are known to contain phenolic compounds that have the potential as natural nephroprotective agents. Phenolics with solvents suitable for polarity and compounds identified by phytochemical screening, GC-MS analysis, and activity assays. This research went through 3 stages, screening with exploration and qualitative analysis of GCMS. The anti-nephrotoxic activity test used a pre-posttest controlled group design. In this study, rats have divided into six groups, namely Healthy control, negative control, and three treatment groups with ethanol extract of dates 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg. Mice were induced with 1% carrageenan twice a week. On macroscopic observation, date palm seeds are oval with indentations and light brown with a hard texture. Microscopic profile, endosperm, parenchyma, endocarp, stone cells, collenchyma, starch, oil cells, and carrier bundles. Physicochemical analysis, water content (8%), ash content (1.15%), fiber content (14.96%), and ethanol soluble extract content (10.3%). GC-MS analysis showed phenol,2,6-bis(1,1-dimethyl ethyl)-4-methyl, 1,2-benzene dicarboxylic, and dihydromethyl jasmonate. A dose extract ethanol of 600 mg/kg BW reduces urea and creatinine levels up to 8,3 mg/dl and 0.132 mg/dl. The conclusion of the phytochemical study obtained a pharmacognostic profile. The GCMS analysis obtained the compound. The activity of the ethanol extract of date palm seeds can reduce urea and creatinine levels so that it developed as an anti-nephrotoxic alternative from natural ingredients.
{"title":"Preliminary Phytochemical Studies, GC-MS Analysis, and Anti-Nephrototic Activity of Ethanol Extract of Phoenix dactylifera L","authors":"Warsinah Warsinah, Eka Prasasti Nur Rachmani, H. Diastuti","doi":"10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.5881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.5881","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Date palm seeds (Phoenix dactylifera L.) are known to contain phenolic compounds that have the potential as natural nephroprotective agents. Phenolics with solvents suitable for polarity and compounds identified by phytochemical screening, GC-MS analysis, and activity assays. This research went through 3 stages, screening with exploration and qualitative analysis of GCMS. The anti-nephrotoxic activity test used a pre-posttest controlled group design. In this study, rats have divided into six groups, namely Healthy control, negative control, and three treatment groups with ethanol extract of dates 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg. Mice were induced with 1% carrageenan twice a week. On macroscopic observation, date palm seeds are oval with indentations and light brown with a hard texture. Microscopic profile, endosperm, parenchyma, endocarp, stone cells, collenchyma, starch, oil cells, and carrier bundles. Physicochemical analysis, water content (8%), ash content (1.15%), fiber content (14.96%), and ethanol soluble extract content (10.3%). GC-MS analysis showed phenol,2,6-bis(1,1-dimethyl ethyl)-4-methyl, 1,2-benzene dicarboxylic, and dihydromethyl jasmonate. A dose extract ethanol of 600 mg/kg BW reduces urea and creatinine levels up to 8,3 mg/dl and 0.132 mg/dl. The conclusion of the phytochemical study obtained a pharmacognostic profile. The GCMS analysis obtained the compound. The activity of the ethanol extract of date palm seeds can reduce urea and creatinine levels so that it developed as an anti-nephrotoxic alternative from natural ingredients. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":18773,"journal":{"name":"Molekul","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46313480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-19DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.6218
F. Arjadi, Sindhu Wisesa, Nor Sri Inayani, Prasetyo Tri Kuncoro, Catharina Widiartini
Sleep deprivation (SD) can modulate the production of various cytokines, including pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10. Paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) increases the risk of inflammation but can be relieved by sleep recovery (SR). This study aimed to determine the differences in levels of cortisol and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, dan IFN-γ) in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) after induction of various sleep deprivation stress models. Twenty-five of male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, PSD (20 hours of SD/day for five days), Total Sleep Deprivation or TSD (24 hours of SD/day for five days), PSD+SR (PSD followed by SR), and TSD+SR (TSD followed by SR). The plasma cortisol levels were measured with ELISA, and inflammatory cytokine levels were measured with immunoassay and calculated with fold change. Mean cortisol levels were significantly increased in treatment groups compared to the control group (p=0.029). Multivariate analysis showed no statistically significant difference in inflammatory cytokine levels of IL-6 (p=0.658), IL-10 (p=0.065), TNF-α (p=0.399), and IFN-γ (p=0.283) in all groups. In conclusion, various sleep deprivation stress models affect cortisol levels but not inflammatory cytokine levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ among male Wistar rats.
{"title":"Levels of Cortisol and Inflammatory Cytokines after The Induction of Various Sleep Deprivation Stress Models in Male Wistar Rats","authors":"F. Arjadi, Sindhu Wisesa, Nor Sri Inayani, Prasetyo Tri Kuncoro, Catharina Widiartini","doi":"10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.6218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.6218","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Sleep deprivation (SD) can modulate the production of various cytokines, including pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10. Paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) increases the risk of inflammation but can be relieved by sleep recovery (SR). This study aimed to determine the differences in levels of cortisol and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, dan IFN-γ) in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) after induction of various sleep deprivation stress models. Twenty-five of male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, PSD (20 hours of SD/day for five days), Total Sleep Deprivation or TSD (24 hours of SD/day for five days), PSD+SR (PSD followed by SR), and TSD+SR (TSD followed by SR). The plasma cortisol levels were measured with ELISA, and inflammatory cytokine levels were measured with immunoassay and calculated with fold change. Mean cortisol levels were significantly increased in treatment groups compared to the control group (p=0.029). Multivariate analysis showed no statistically significant difference in inflammatory cytokine levels of IL-6 (p=0.658), IL-10 (p=0.065), TNF-α (p=0.399), and IFN-γ (p=0.283) in all groups. In conclusion, various sleep deprivation stress models affect cortisol levels but not inflammatory cytokine levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ among male Wistar rats. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":18773,"journal":{"name":"Molekul","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47623542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-19DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.5719
C. Banon, N. Nesbah, B. Trihadi, Aswin Falahudin, S. Yudha S.
The aqueous extract of Sapindus rarak (S. rarak) was produced by heating its rinds in demineralized water at 80 °C. The main experiment was conducted at room temperature by mixing a solution of sodium thiosulfate with the extract obtained previously. After adding dilute hydrochloric acid (10%), fine granules gradually formed in the solution and precipitated when the reaction was stopped and allowed to stand for 24 h. The analysis results showed the consistency of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) peak of the obtained material with sulfur standards. When looked at the surface using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), sulfur was found to be cube-shaped. The formation of cuboidal elemental sulfur possibly occurs due to the covering of thiosulfate ions and elemental sulfur during and after the reaction. Organic compounds were found covering sulfur through elemental and functional group analyses using energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, respectively
{"title":"Easy Handling Preparation of Cubic Sulfur in Aqueous Extract of Sapindus rarak rinds","authors":"C. Banon, N. Nesbah, B. Trihadi, Aswin Falahudin, S. Yudha S.","doi":"10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.5719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.5719","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The aqueous extract of Sapindus rarak (S. rarak) was produced by heating its rinds in demineralized water at 80 °C. The main experiment was conducted at room temperature by mixing a solution of sodium thiosulfate with the extract obtained previously. After adding dilute hydrochloric acid (10%), fine granules gradually formed in the solution and precipitated when the reaction was stopped and allowed to stand for 24 h. The analysis results showed the consistency of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) peak of the obtained material with sulfur standards. When looked at the surface using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), sulfur was found to be cube-shaped. The formation of cuboidal elemental sulfur possibly occurs due to the covering of thiosulfate ions and elemental sulfur during and after the reaction. Organic compounds were found covering sulfur through elemental and functional group analyses using energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, respectively \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":18773,"journal":{"name":"Molekul","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44181803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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