"In this study, Analysis of 12 samples of ground water were carried out belong four locations within the area of Almarqab in Libya and physical, chemical and biological analyzes were performed for samples which are pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, taste and Odor, sodium, sulfates, nitrates, chloride, magnesium, calcium, and the bacteriological examination represented by the total number of coliform. The physico chemical analyzes for Zliten and Alkhoms locations have shown that the parameters of total dissolved solids, total hardness, chlorine, sodium, nitrate (TDS, TH, Cl, Na, No3) respectively, taste and smell had exceeded the limits of the specification, Whereas the samples of Meslatah and Tarhonah locations were within the specifications, While the bacteriological analysis showed that all study samples have been contaminated by bacteria colon. Study also demonstrated that there is an overlap for the sea water in Zliten and Alkhoms samples, As well as The study revealed that the source of contamination for Zliten and Alkhoms samples were sewage, agricultural activities and seawater, While the contamination source in Mesalatah and Tarhonah samples was sewage. This confirms the inevitability of the transformation immediately to the treatment to make the water in Zliten and Alkhoms suitable for drinking, And the necessity of transformation to water treatment of Meslatah, Tarhonah in the near future"
{"title":"Assessment of Validity of Ground Water for Drinking Purposes in the Almarqab Region in Libya","authors":"Issam Mohammed Ali Abd. Alkareem Alradiny","doi":"10.52113/mjas04/8.2/22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52113/mjas04/8.2/22","url":null,"abstract":"\"In this study, Analysis of 12 samples of ground water were carried out belong four locations within the area of Almarqab in Libya and physical, chemical and biological analyzes were performed for samples which are pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, taste and Odor, sodium, sulfates, nitrates, chloride, magnesium, calcium, and the bacteriological examination represented by the total number of coliform. The physico chemical analyzes for Zliten and Alkhoms locations have shown that the parameters of total dissolved solids, total hardness, chlorine, sodium, nitrate (TDS, TH, Cl, Na, No3) respectively, taste and smell had exceeded the limits of the specification, Whereas the samples of Meslatah and Tarhonah locations were within the specifications, While the bacteriological analysis showed that all study samples have been contaminated by bacteria colon. Study also demonstrated that there is an overlap for the sea water in Zliten and Alkhoms samples, As well as The study revealed that the source of contamination for Zliten and Alkhoms samples were sewage, agricultural activities and seawater, While the contamination source in Mesalatah and Tarhonah samples was sewage. This confirms the inevitability of the transformation immediately to the treatment to make the water in Zliten and Alkhoms suitable for drinking, And the necessity of transformation to water treatment of Meslatah, Tarhonah in the near future\"","PeriodicalId":18776,"journal":{"name":"Muthanna Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89154583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Laboratory experiment was carried out at the Department of farm Machinery / college of Agriculture, in order to study the effect of the types of feeding arms (straight arms, Lshaped arm, and arched arms) and tractor engine speed (600, 1200, 1800) rpm on some performance properties included manure discharge rate, manure quantity per hectare and machine productivity. All tests were conducted according to the complete randomized bolck design with three replicates. The results showed an increase in fertilizer discharge rate, manure quantity per hectare and productivity of the machine while increasing engine speed. The feeding mechanism with L-shaped arm was superior to other designs which gave the highest values for the manure discharge rate, the amount of manure per hectare and the productivity of the machine as compared to the feeding mechanism with straight and arched arms"
{"title":"laboratory test for different designs of feeding mechanism of subsoil manuring machine","authors":"Qasim B. I. Al-Yasiri","doi":"10.52113/mjas04/8.2/51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52113/mjas04/8.2/51","url":null,"abstract":"\"Laboratory experiment was carried out at the Department of farm Machinery / college of Agriculture, in order to study the effect of the types of feeding arms (straight arms, Lshaped arm, and arched arms) and tractor engine speed (600, 1200, 1800) rpm on some performance properties included manure discharge rate, manure quantity per hectare and machine productivity. All tests were conducted according to the complete randomized bolck design with three replicates. The results showed an increase in fertilizer discharge rate, manure quantity per hectare and productivity of the machine while increasing engine speed. The feeding mechanism with L-shaped arm was superior to other designs which gave the highest values for the manure discharge rate, the amount of manure per hectare and the productivity of the machine as compared to the feeding mechanism with straight and arched arms\"","PeriodicalId":18776,"journal":{"name":"Muthanna Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75884108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"This study was conducted in the experimental field of Agriculture Faculty, Wasit University (Wasit Governorate Center) in the autumn season 2018, to study the effect of four planting dates (June 25, July 10, July 25 and August 10) and four spacing between hills (10, 15, 20 and 25 cm) on growth and forage yield of Sudan grass Hybrid. The experiment was carried out by using split-plots with R.C.B.D design with three replicates, the planting dates were put in the main plots, and distances between hills were placed in the sub plots. Two cuts were taken from all treatments ,the following traits were studied ,Plant height,, number of tillers per plant, number of leaves per plant, plant leaf area, leaves/stems ratio, and green forage yield. Planting date on 25 July at 1st cutting gave the highest studied characteristics and green yield were 89.452 t. ha-1, Planting date on 25 June at the 2nd cutting gave the highest studied characteristics and gave green forage yield about 86.090 t.ha-1. Planting at 20cm showed a significant effect among the other distances in most growth characteristics at the 1st and 2nd cutting and gave the highest green forage yield were 85.255 and 58.900 t. ha-1. The distance of 20 cm at the date of June 25 gave the highest green yield, which were 93.200 t. ha-1. The interaction between studied factors showed a significant effect on the green forage yield at 1st cutting, the distance of 20 cm at the date of June 25 gave the highest green yield, which were 93.200 t. ha-1, with an increase of 37.67% over than June 25 date, at a distance of 10 cm, the lowest yield of green fodder was recorded at 67.707 t. ha-1 *Part of M.Sc. thesis of the first author"
“本研究于2018年秋季在Wasit大学农业学院(Wasit省中心)的试验田进行，研究了四个种植日期(6月25日，7月10日，7月25日和8月10日)和四个丘间距(10,15,20和25 cm)对苏丹草杂交种生长和饲料产量的影响。试验采用3个重复的R.C.B.D分块设计，种植日期设为主块，小山间距设为副块。每个处理取2个扦插，研究植株高度、单株分蘖数、单株叶数、植株叶面积、叶茎比和青饲料产量。7月25日第一次扦插的青草产量最高，青草产量为89.452 t / ha-1; 6月25日第二次扦插的青草产量最高，青草产量约为86.090 t / ha-1。在第一次和第二次刈割时，20cm种植对大部分生长性状影响显著，青草产量最高，分别为85.255和58.900 t ha-1。6月25日，在距离20 cm处绿产量最高，为93.200 t hm -1。各因子间的交互作用对青饲料产量有显著影响，在6月25日距离20 cm处青饲料产量最高，为93.200 t. ha-1，比6月25日增加了37.67%;在距离10 cm处青饲料产量最低，为67.707 t. ha-1。
{"title":"\"Effect Of Planting Date And Distance Between Hills On Growth and Forage Yield Of Sudangrass Hybrid (Sorghum vulgare var. sudanense)\"","authors":"S. Abdulla, Sundus A. Alabdulla, H. Ali","doi":"10.52113/mjas04/8.2/13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52113/mjas04/8.2/13","url":null,"abstract":"\"This study was conducted in the experimental field of Agriculture Faculty, Wasit University (Wasit Governorate Center) in the autumn season 2018, to study the effect of four planting dates (June 25, July 10, July 25 and August 10) and four spacing between hills (10, 15, 20 and 25 cm) on growth and forage yield of Sudan grass Hybrid. The experiment was carried out by using split-plots with R.C.B.D design with three replicates, the planting dates were put in the main plots, and distances between hills were placed in the sub plots. Two cuts were taken from all treatments ,the following traits were studied ,Plant height,, number of tillers per plant, number of leaves per plant, plant leaf area, leaves/stems ratio, and green forage yield. Planting date on 25 July at 1st cutting gave the highest studied characteristics and green yield were 89.452 t. ha-1, Planting date on 25 June at the 2nd cutting gave the highest studied characteristics and gave green forage yield about 86.090 t.ha-1. Planting at 20cm showed a significant effect among the other distances in most growth characteristics at the 1st and 2nd cutting and gave the highest green forage yield were 85.255 and 58.900 t. ha-1. The distance of 20 cm at the date of June 25 gave the highest green yield, which were 93.200 t. ha-1. The interaction between studied factors showed a significant effect on the green forage yield at 1st cutting, the distance of 20 cm at the date of June 25 gave the highest green yield, which were 93.200 t. ha-1, with an increase of 37.67% over than June 25 date, at a distance of 10 cm, the lowest yield of green fodder was recorded at 67.707 t. ha-1 *Part of M.Sc. thesis of the first author\"","PeriodicalId":18776,"journal":{"name":"Muthanna Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74985613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"The agricultural sector is still facing a problem represented by the low level of productivity of most crops, including the rice crop, despite the natural conditions that helped increase its productivity, but it remains a permanent problem, casting shadows on other aspects such as self-sufficiency in this crop and endangering food security at risk, in addition, the concept of productivity is closely related to the efficient use of the resources associated with its production conditions, which makes the process of forecasting this phenomenon very important. The research aims to study and predict the productivity of rice crop in Iraq using Markov chains for the period 2019-2025, The research also aimed at ways to improve the productivity of the crop in question by studying recent predictive values that are mainly based on previous data not far away. The results showed that the productivity of the rice crop was recorded at good rates that are relatively high, but remained below the global rates. The reason for recording these good rates is due to the superiority of changes in production over changes in area, which are among the most important factors in determining productivity as well as other factors that surround them, which should be noted It out. Accordingly, the research recommended the need for full coordination between what is planned to grow the crop with the plans of the Ministry of Agriculture that are developed depending on the water plans and natural conditions that the ministry takes into consideration as well as attention to the areas of concentration in this crop as they represent the areas of supply and distribution of this crop with attention directed towards the areas of concentration With regard to the provision of advisable agriculture requirements while addressing the problems that these areas are exposed to exclusively. From a statistical point of view, the research recommends adopting the Markov chains method in forecasting because it needs less stringent assumptions than other methods, including a few historical past observations series and fewer statistical tests"
{"title":"\"An Economic Analysis for Productivity of Rice Crop in Iraq and Forecasting it for The Period (2019- 2025) Using Markov Chains\"","authors":"L. A. Alani, A. Alhiyali","doi":"10.52113/mjas04/8.2/19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52113/mjas04/8.2/19","url":null,"abstract":"\"The agricultural sector is still facing a problem represented by the low level of productivity of most crops, including the rice crop, despite the natural conditions that helped increase its productivity, but it remains a permanent problem, casting shadows on other aspects such as self-sufficiency in this crop and endangering food security at risk, in addition, the concept of productivity is closely related to the efficient use of the resources associated with its production conditions, which makes the process of forecasting this phenomenon very important. The research aims to study and predict the productivity of rice crop in Iraq using Markov chains for the period 2019-2025, The research also aimed at ways to improve the productivity of the crop in question by studying recent predictive values that are mainly based on previous data not far away. The results showed that the productivity of the rice crop was recorded at good rates that are relatively high, but remained below the global rates. The reason for recording these good rates is due to the superiority of changes in production over changes in area, which are among the most important factors in determining productivity as well as other factors that surround them, which should be noted It out. Accordingly, the research recommended the need for full coordination between what is planned to grow the crop with the plans of the Ministry of Agriculture that are developed depending on the water plans and natural conditions that the ministry takes into consideration as well as attention to the areas of concentration in this crop as they represent the areas of supply and distribution of this crop with attention directed towards the areas of concentration With regard to the provision of advisable agriculture requirements while addressing the problems that these areas are exposed to exclusively. From a statistical point of view, the research recommends adopting the Markov chains method in forecasting because it needs less stringent assumptions than other methods, including a few historical past observations series and fewer statistical tests\"","PeriodicalId":18776,"journal":{"name":"Muthanna Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79419944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"The research aimed at estimating the production function and the total cost function, as well as measuring the efficiency of resource use, technical, economic, price and cost efficiency. The study was based primarily on a simple random sample of (155) farmers in Baghdad governorate for the autumn season (2015-2016), The double logarithmic formula was the most suitable for the production function. The results of the resource efficiency criteria indicated that potato farmers were efficient in using resources (seed, phosphate fertilizer, human labor) and were inefficient in using irrigation and pesticides. While the cubic formula was more suitable for the total cost function according to the statistical, econometrical and economical tests, and from it we showed that the optimum size of production and size that maximize profit are (119.069, 143.398) ton consequently. Technical, economic and price efficiencies were estimated at (34.25933, 34.25937, 73.521)% consequently, while cost efficiency was estimated at (0.454), and the net farm income that achieved over all the sample less about (10380.741) thousand dinars than that achieved at optimal size. The research concluded that the quantity of seeds had the greatest impact on potato production and that there was waste in using the available resources, which led to actual production being less than optimum production. The research recommends that the related institutions should work to provide a good quality potato seeds to cover the needs of local farmers, from good sources in a timely manner and at the right price to increase the production and productivity of this important crop and reduce production costs. As well as the protection of the local producer by adopting price policies that grant best income of farmers. Corresponding author: E-mail(Faisal@gmail) Al- Muthanna University All rights reserved"
{"title":"Economics of Potato Production for Autumn Season 2015-2016 (Baghdad Governorate as A Practical Case)","authors":"Faisal H. Nasser, Osamah K. Al-Ukeil","doi":"10.52113/mjas04/8.2/20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52113/mjas04/8.2/20","url":null,"abstract":"\"The research aimed at estimating the production function and the total cost function, as well as measuring the efficiency of resource use, technical, economic, price and cost efficiency. The study was based primarily on a simple random sample of (155) farmers in Baghdad governorate for the autumn season (2015-2016), The double logarithmic formula was the most suitable for the production function. The results of the resource efficiency criteria indicated that potato farmers were efficient in using resources (seed, phosphate fertilizer, human labor) and were inefficient in using irrigation and pesticides. While the cubic formula was more suitable for the total cost function according to the statistical, econometrical and economical tests, and from it we showed that the optimum size of production and size that maximize profit are (119.069, 143.398) ton consequently. Technical, economic and price efficiencies were estimated at (34.25933, 34.25937, 73.521)% consequently, while cost efficiency was estimated at (0.454), and the net farm income that achieved over all the sample less about (10380.741) thousand dinars than that achieved at optimal size. The research concluded that the quantity of seeds had the greatest impact on potato production and that there was waste in using the available resources, which led to actual production being less than optimum production. The research recommends that the related institutions should work to provide a good quality potato seeds to cover the needs of local farmers, from good sources in a timely manner and at the right price to increase the production and productivity of this important crop and reduce production costs. As well as the protection of the local producer by adopting price policies that grant best income of farmers. Corresponding author: E-mail(Faisal@gmail) Al- Muthanna University All rights reserved\"","PeriodicalId":18776,"journal":{"name":"Muthanna Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85931411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Hussein Hasan Al-gaharrawi, Taghreed Sadeq Mohsen Al-Obaidi, Ahmed Thwaini Al Maadhedy
"The main objective of this study was to investigate the stimulation of some digestive enzyme being ( amylase and protease ) in the digestive duct of common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) as result of feeding the experiment fishes with diets treated with different level of date kernel meal treated with oyster mushroom ( P .ostereatus ) . The experiment fishes were collected from local farm, 48 fish were selected with mean weight of 24 ± 3 g / fish , then placed glass aquaria , 6 fishes each aquarium and the experimental carried out in the duplicates run ( 2 aquaria for each group). The different level of date Kernel meal treated with oyster Mushroom were used instead of yellow corn meal ( 33, 66 and 100 % ) to prepare the experimental diet which designated as T1, T2 and T3 respectively , addition to the control diet free of date kernel meal . Experimental fishes were fed randomly for 70 days with the above diet. After that, the fishes fed with 4 % of live weight. The current study included estimating the enzymatic activity in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract during the experiment. The result showed the digestive enzyme were found in all studied parts of digestive duct intestine (anterior, middle and posterior) at after starvation 5 days. The results of the statistical analysis indicated that the values of the posterior part of the intestine differed significantly from those of the anterior and middle sections. The three treatments showed the enzymatic activity enzymes in the anterior and middle part after 70 days of feeding the fish, which differed significantly (P<0.05) with the posterior part of the intestine and for all the treatments. The protease enzyme recorded its highest activity in the anterior and middle part of the intestine in treatment T2 (33% date kernel meal), and well amylase showed its highest activity in the anterior and middle part of the intestine."
“本研究的主要目的是研究饲喂不同水平的经平菇(P .ostereatus)处理的枣仁粉对鲤鱼消化道中某些消化酶(淀粉酶和蛋白酶)的刺激作用。”实验鱼采自当地养殖场，选取平均体重为24±3 g /条的鱼48尾，放置玻璃水族箱，每个水族箱6尾，每组2个水族箱重复进行实验。在不添加枣仁粉的对照饲粮基础上，以不同水平的香菇枣仁粉代替黄玉米粉(33%、66%和100%)配制试验饲粮，分别为T1、T2和T3。试验鱼随机饲喂上述饲料70 d。之后，以活重的4%饲喂。目前的研究包括在实验过程中估计胃肠道不同部位的酶活性。结果表明:在饥饿后5 d，各研究部位(前、中、后)均有消化酶的存在。统计分析结果表明，肠后段的数值与肠前段和中段的数值有显著差异。饲喂70 d后，3个处理的肠道前部和中部酶活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)，且与肠道后部差异显著(P<0.05)。T2处理(33%红枣仁粕)的蛋白酶活性在肠道前部和中部最高，well淀粉酶活性在肠道前部和中部最高。
{"title":"\"The effect of adding different levels of date Kernel powder treated with oyster mushroom P.ostreatus in stimulating amylase and protease enzymes in the intestine of Cprinus carpio L.\"","authors":"Ali Hussein Hasan Al-gaharrawi, Taghreed Sadeq Mohsen Al-Obaidi, Ahmed Thwaini Al Maadhedy","doi":"10.52113/mjas04/8.2/23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52113/mjas04/8.2/23","url":null,"abstract":"\"The main objective of this study was to investigate the stimulation of some digestive enzyme being ( amylase and protease ) in the digestive duct of common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) as result of feeding the experiment fishes with diets treated with different level of date kernel meal treated with oyster mushroom ( P .ostereatus ) . The experiment fishes were collected from local farm, 48 fish were selected with mean weight of 24 ± 3 g / fish , then placed glass aquaria , 6 fishes each aquarium and the experimental carried out in the duplicates run ( 2 aquaria for each group). The different level of date Kernel meal treated with oyster Mushroom were used instead of yellow corn meal ( 33, 66 and 100 % ) to prepare the experimental diet which designated as T1, T2 and T3 respectively , addition to the control diet free of date kernel meal . Experimental fishes were fed randomly for 70 days with the above diet. After that, the fishes fed with 4 % of live weight. The current study included estimating the enzymatic activity in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract during the experiment. The result showed the digestive enzyme were found in all studied parts of digestive duct intestine (anterior, middle and posterior) at after starvation 5 days. The results of the statistical analysis indicated that the values of the posterior part of the intestine differed significantly from those of the anterior and middle sections. The three treatments showed the enzymatic activity enzymes in the anterior and middle part after 70 days of feeding the fish, which differed significantly (P<0.05) with the posterior part of the intestine and for all the treatments. The protease enzyme recorded its highest activity in the anterior and middle part of the intestine in treatment T2 (33% date kernel meal), and well amylase showed its highest activity in the anterior and middle part of the intestine.\"","PeriodicalId":18776,"journal":{"name":"Muthanna Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84592880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Sustainable development is based on the principle that the use of current economic resources in the future guarantees the rights of future generations, as the focus is not on the optimal use of resources, but depends mainly on the fair distribution of resources and the willingness to abandon present desires in order to give the economy and future generations the ability to cope with various shocks. The concept of sustainable agricultural development, which focused on the state of positive permanence in the agricultural sector and the provision of components for its progress and its role in supporting the economy as a leading sector for economic development, in a way that corrects the existing idea of many that (industrialization is the basis of development), that this focus on agriculture does not negate the importance of the industrial sector. Focusing on sustainable agricultural development achieves positive progress in support of food security and addressing various obstacles such as scarcity of water resources and a decrease in arable areas being the most important in addition to the development of livestock. The agricultural sector in Iraq suffered many difficulties that affected its contribution to the structure of the gross domestic product. It also suffered from severe neglect due to the rentier economy that depends on the mining sector without paying attention to the rest of the sectors."
{"title":"\"Sustainable agricultural development in Iraq after 2003 (Vision for the future) \"","authors":"W. Rahi, H. Mousa, M. J. Abed","doi":"10.52113/mjas04/8.2/11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52113/mjas04/8.2/11","url":null,"abstract":"\"Sustainable development is based on the principle that the use of current economic resources in the future guarantees the rights of future generations, as the focus is not on the optimal use of resources, but depends mainly on the fair distribution of resources and the willingness to abandon present desires in order to give the economy and future generations the ability to cope with various shocks. The concept of sustainable agricultural development, which focused on the state of positive permanence in the agricultural sector and the provision of components for its progress and its role in supporting the economy as a leading sector for economic development, in a way that corrects the existing idea of many that (industrialization is the basis of development), that this focus on agriculture does not negate the importance of the industrial sector. Focusing on sustainable agricultural development achieves positive progress in support of food security and addressing various obstacles such as scarcity of water resources and a decrease in arable areas being the most important in addition to the development of livestock. The agricultural sector in Iraq suffered many difficulties that affected its contribution to the structure of the gross domestic product. It also suffered from severe neglect due to the rentier economy that depends on the mining sector without paying attention to the rest of the sectors.\"","PeriodicalId":18776,"journal":{"name":"Muthanna Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80335631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"The experiment was carried out in fields of Agricultural Research and Experiments Station (2) affiliated with the College of Agriculture / Al-Muthanna University during growth season 2018-2019 to study the effect of spraying three different concentrations of salicylic acid (0, 100 and 200 mg.L-1) and spray date it at three different dates (60 , 90 and 120 days after planting) on growth of Coriandrum sativum L. and a volatile oil content in seeds. The experiment was applied using a randomized complete block design RCBD with three replications. The results showed that plants treated with salicylic acid (200 mg.L-1) was significantly outperformed of dry weight shoot, the weight of 100 seeds and seed yield gave (21.76 g.plant-1, 1.22 g and 7.79 g.plant-1) respectively. While, the plants treated with salicylic (100 mg.L-1) was significantly outperformed and gave highest values of essential oil percentage (0.87%) and essential oil yield (6.32 μl.plant-1). The plants that were sprayed with salicylic after 120 days of cultivation outperformed significantly in the weight of 100 seeds, seed yield and essential oil yield were gave (1.12 gm., 7.54 gm.plant-1 and 5.53 μl.plant-1). While, the highest values were recorded in the dry weight of the shoot total (20.51 g.plant-1) and in essential oil percentage (0.787%) in plants that were sprayed after 90 days of cultivation."
该试验于2018-2019年生长季节在农业学院/ Al-Muthanna大学附属农业研究和实验站(2)进行，研究喷洒三种不同浓度的水杨酸(0、100和200 mg.L-1)并在三个不同日期(种植后60、90和120天)喷洒对芫荽生长和种子挥发油含量的影响。试验采用随机完全区组设计RCBD，共3个重复。结果表明:水杨酸(200 mg.L-1)处理的植株干重、百粒重和种子产量分别为21.76 g.plant-1、1.22 g和7.79 g.plant-1;而水杨酸(100 mg.L-1)处理植株的精油含量最高(0.87%)，精油得率最高(6.32 μl.plant-1)。栽培120 d后喷施水杨酸的植株在百粒重、种子产量、挥发油产量(1.12 μ g .plant-1、7.54 μ g .plant-1、5.53 μl.plant-1)上均显著优于喷施水杨酸的植株。栽培90 d后喷施的植株茎总干重最高，为20.51 g.plant-1，挥发油含量最高，为0.787%。
{"title":"Effect of salicylic acid concentrations and spray dates on growth of coriander plant (Coriandrum sativum L.) and essential oil content of its seeds","authors":"Q. Al-Zyadi","doi":"10.52113/mjas04/8.2/24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52113/mjas04/8.2/24","url":null,"abstract":"\"The experiment was carried out in fields of Agricultural Research and Experiments Station (2) affiliated with the College of Agriculture / Al-Muthanna University during growth season 2018-2019 to study the effect of spraying three different concentrations of salicylic acid (0, 100 and 200 mg.L-1) and spray date it at three different dates (60 , 90 and 120 days after planting) on growth of Coriandrum sativum L. and a volatile oil content in seeds. The experiment was applied using a randomized complete block design RCBD with three replications. The results showed that plants treated with salicylic acid (200 mg.L-1) was significantly outperformed of dry weight shoot, the weight of 100 seeds and seed yield gave (21.76 g.plant-1, 1.22 g and 7.79 g.plant-1) respectively. While, the plants treated with salicylic (100 mg.L-1) was significantly outperformed and gave highest values of essential oil percentage (0.87%) and essential oil yield (6.32 μl.plant-1). The plants that were sprayed with salicylic after 120 days of cultivation outperformed significantly in the weight of 100 seeds, seed yield and essential oil yield were gave (1.12 gm., 7.54 gm.plant-1 and 5.53 μl.plant-1). While, the highest values were recorded in the dry weight of the shoot total (20.51 g.plant-1) and in essential oil percentage (0.787%) in plants that were sprayed after 90 days of cultivation.\"","PeriodicalId":18776,"journal":{"name":"Muthanna Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87110104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zaman K.F. Al-Mhsenawi, M. H. Alasadi, Qutiba J.G. Al khfaji
"The current study was conducted to find out the effect of using locally manufactured protein concentrate on some productive traits of broilers (weekly body weight rate, weekly weight gain rate, weekly feed consumption rate, food conversion factor) used in the experiment 225 broiler chickens (female) of the age of one day (breed Ross-308) Chicks were distributed randomly into five treatments, with three replications (15 chicks / replicate). The trial parameters were as follows: The first treatment (control T1) provided for the chicks with a diet containing 4% imported protein, the second treatment (T2) for the chicks with a diet containing 2% imported protein + 2% manufactured protein, the third treatment (T3) provided for the chicks with a diet The fourth treatment contains 4% synthetic protein, the fourth treatment (T4) is provided for the chicks with a diet containing 6% manufactured protein and the fifth treatment (T5) using a diet containing 8% manufactured protein. The results showed the absence of significant differences between the trial parameters in all the studied traits, which included live body weight, weight gain, feed consumption rate and feed conversion factor."
{"title":"Effect of Different Levels of Local Concentrated Protein Manufactured from Slaughterhouse Wastes on some productive Traits of Broiler","authors":"Zaman K.F. Al-Mhsenawi, M. H. Alasadi, Qutiba J.G. Al khfaji","doi":"10.52113/mjas04/8.2/21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52113/mjas04/8.2/21","url":null,"abstract":"\"The current study was conducted to find out the effect of using locally manufactured protein concentrate on some productive traits of broilers (weekly body weight rate, weekly weight gain rate, weekly feed consumption rate, food conversion factor) used in the experiment 225 broiler chickens (female) of the age of one day (breed Ross-308) Chicks were distributed randomly into five treatments, with three replications (15 chicks / replicate). The trial parameters were as follows: The first treatment (control T1) provided for the chicks with a diet containing 4% imported protein, the second treatment (T2) for the chicks with a diet containing 2% imported protein + 2% manufactured protein, the third treatment (T3) provided for the chicks with a diet The fourth treatment contains 4% synthetic protein, the fourth treatment (T4) is provided for the chicks with a diet containing 6% manufactured protein and the fifth treatment (T5) using a diet containing 8% manufactured protein. The results showed the absence of significant differences between the trial parameters in all the studied traits, which included live body weight, weight gain, feed consumption rate and feed conversion factor.\"","PeriodicalId":18776,"journal":{"name":"Muthanna Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88561421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"The aim of this research is to analysis the tomato monthly prices in Baghdad province for the period (Jan 2010- Dec 2015) by using seasonal time series (SARIMA) to detect seasonal variations to be excluded from the time series. The research problem is summarized by existing seasonality phenomenon in tomato monthly prices which will be reflected on the short-term planning progress. The results showed that the appropriate and efficiency model for representing time series data for tomato monthly prices was the SARIMA model (0,1,2)(1,1,0)12. Also the results of tomato monthly prices forecasting showed a harmonic direction with the same original time series. From the obtained results, the tomato monthly prices confirm the nature of the prevailing pattern in that the tomato production was affected by the season to a large extent, as the results concluded that there is a secular trend in increasing monthly prices of tomato for the period (Jan 2016-Dec 2020), which confirmed the rise in monthly prices during the forecast period. The research recommends the need to prevent imports especially at peak time (time of crop availability in local markets), and legislating laws to protect the domestic product , in addition to taxation of imported products.1"
{"title":"\"Seasonality analysis of the tomato monthly price and its forecasting using seasonal time series models (SARIMA) \"","authors":"Rand S. AlAni, A. Alhiyali","doi":"10.52113/mjas04/8.2/48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52113/mjas04/8.2/48","url":null,"abstract":"\"The aim of this research is to analysis the tomato monthly prices in Baghdad province for the period (Jan 2010- Dec 2015) by using seasonal time series (SARIMA) to detect seasonal variations to be excluded from the time series. The research problem is summarized by existing seasonality phenomenon in tomato monthly prices which will be reflected on the short-term planning progress. The results showed that the appropriate and efficiency model for representing time series data for tomato monthly prices was the SARIMA model (0,1,2)(1,1,0)12. Also the results of tomato monthly prices forecasting showed a harmonic direction with the same original time series. From the obtained results, the tomato monthly prices confirm the nature of the prevailing pattern in that the tomato production was affected by the season to a large extent, as the results concluded that there is a secular trend in increasing monthly prices of tomato for the period (Jan 2016-Dec 2020), which confirmed the rise in monthly prices during the forecast period. The research recommends the need to prevent imports especially at peak time (time of crop availability in local markets), and legislating laws to protect the domestic product , in addition to taxation of imported products.1\"","PeriodicalId":18776,"journal":{"name":"Muthanna Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76301619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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