Septoria leaf spot on hemp has re-emerged with increasing hemp cultivation worldwide. In Japan, Septoria cannabis, initially recorded as the causal pathogen in Japan, was studied with morphology based on the current criteria and detailed molecular phylogenetic analyses using seven gene loci. The robust phylogenetic data and morphology of examined specimens unveiled the existence of a new species of the genus Septoria causing leaf spot disease on Cannabis sativa.
Cryphonectria carpinicola is an ascomycetous fungus that has been regularly found in its asexual form on European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) in Europe over the past two decades. Here we describe the discovery of C. carpinicola in Japan and report for the first time its sexual state on Carpinus species. No symptomatic trees were observed, but stromata were found saprotrophically on broken branches of Carpinus species on the forest floor. The sexual structures of C. carpinicola resembled that of other Cryphonectria species and strongly resembled those of the closely related species C. radicalis. A phylogenetic tree based on the internal transcribed spacer sequences showed monophyly for the Japanese and European isolates of C. carpinicola. Further studies on the distribution and host range of C. carpinicola in Japan and on the life history strategies of this fungus are needed.
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