Pub Date : 2022-01-20eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2021.11.002
Keisuke Obase
Seedlings of Pinus densiflora and Abies sachalinensis were inoculated with Tuber mycelial strains of the Puberulum clade in vitro to examine the morphological characteristics of their ectomycorrhizas. Axenically germinated seedlings were inoculated with the mycelia of five taxa from the Puberulum clade and grown in glass jars for 4 mo in an illuminated incubator. The seedlings were successfully colonized by the inoculated Tuber strains, as confirmed by the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer barcoding of the synthesized ectomycorrhizas. The ectomycorrhizas were characterized by a pale yellow to brown color, short needle-shaped cystidia, and net-like hyphal arrangement, and epidermoid cells on the mantle surface; notably, these features are similar to the ectomycorrhizas of various Puberulum clade members. As the ectomycorrhizas of different Tuber species are indistinguishable by morphological characters, molecular techniques are necessary to identify ectomycorrhizas formed by Tuber species within the Puberulum clade.
{"title":"Morphological characteristics of ectomycorrhizas formed by <i>in vitro</i> synthesis between conifer seedlings and <i>Tuber</i> mycelial strains of the Puberulum clade isolated in Japan.","authors":"Keisuke Obase","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2021.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.47371/mycosci.2021.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seedlings of <i>Pinus densiflora</i> and <i>Abies sachalinensis</i> were inoculated with <i>Tuber</i> mycelial strains of the Puberulum clade <i>in vitro</i> to examine the morphological characteristics of their ectomycorrhizas. Axenically germinated seedlings were inoculated with the mycelia of five taxa from the Puberulum clade and grown in glass jars for 4 mo in an illuminated incubator. The seedlings were successfully colonized by the inoculated <i>Tuber</i> strains, as confirmed by the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer barcoding of the synthesized ectomycorrhizas. The ectomycorrhizas were characterized by a pale yellow to brown color, short needle-shaped cystidia, and net-like hyphal arrangement, and epidermoid cells on the mantle surface; notably, these features are similar to the ectomycorrhizas of various Puberulum clade members. As the ectomycorrhizas of different <i>Tuber</i> species are indistinguishable by morphological characters, molecular techniques are necessary to identify ectomycorrhizas formed by <i>Tuber</i> species within the Puberulum clade.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"63 1","pages":"39-44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d4/4b/MYC-63-039.PMC10045830.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9742127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2022.01.003
Junta Sugiyama, Tsuyoshi Hosoya
Black subicula, comprising a mixture of two sooty moulds of Euantennariaceae and Metacapnodiaceae, on Pleioblastus were collected in Batongguan, alt. ca. 2800 m, Nantou County, Taiwan in 1984. The former sooty mould is described and illustrated as Euantennaria pleioblasti sp. nov., an asexually typified species of the genus, as currently circumscribed with the application of the single name nomenclature for pleomorphic fungi. It is characterized by cylindrical, finely to coarsely roughened hyphae and black synnemata bearing massive fusiform, straight, mostly 11-14-septate phragmoconidia in a subglobose to obovoid head; its reliable sexual morph is obscure. The latter was identified as Metacapnodium cf. quinqueseptatum. It features the capnobotrys- and capnophialophora-like asexual morphs, in addition to the sexual morph with 5-7-septate ascospores. These sooty mould taxa are newly added to the mycobiota of Taiwan.
{"title":"<i>Euantennaria pleioblasti</i> sp. nov. (<i>Euantennariaceae</i>) and <i>Metacapnodium</i> cf. <i>quinqueseptatum</i> (<i>Metacapnodiaceae</i>), two mixed sooty moulds in subicula on <i>Pleioblastus</i> sp. in Taiwan.","authors":"Junta Sugiyama, Tsuyoshi Hosoya","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2022.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2022.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Black subicula, comprising a mixture of two sooty moulds of <i>Euantennariaceae</i> and <i>Metacapnodiaceae</i>, on <i>Pleioblastus</i> were collected in Batongguan, alt. ca. 2800 m, Nantou County, Taiwan in 1984. The former sooty mould is described and illustrated as <i>Euantennaria pleioblasti</i> sp. nov., an asexually typified species of the genus, as currently circumscribed with the application of the single name nomenclature for pleomorphic fungi. It is characterized by cylindrical, finely to coarsely roughened hyphae and black synnemata bearing massive fusiform, straight, mostly 11-14-septate phragmoconidia in a subglobose to obovoid head; its reliable sexual morph is obscure. The latter was identified as <i>Metacapnodium</i> cf. <i>quinqueseptatum</i>. It features the capnobotrys- and capnophialophora-like asexual morphs, in addition to the sexual morph with 5-7-septate ascospores. These sooty mould taxa are newly added to the mycobiota of Taiwan.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"63 2","pages":"58-64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d5/a2/MYC-63-058.PMC9999086.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9388706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2022.07.002
Saho Shibata, Yuuri Hirooka
Exobasidium pentasporium was first found on Rhododendron kaempferi in Nikko, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan and described only with a brief mentions and illustration of a specimen in 1896. This fungus causes a witches' broom disease of Rhododendron species. To stabilize the concept of this species, the specimen in the protologue was located, carefully examined, and illustrated. In addition, the name was epitypified based on a newly collected topotype specimen. A phylogenetic tree using ITS and LSU sequences showed that our isolates of E. pentasporium grouped with other Exobasidium species on Rhododendron forming a monophyletic clade with strong statistical support and were unrelated to E. nobeyamense, another causal agent of witches' broom disease on Rhododendron species.
{"title":"Taxonomy and phylogeny of <i>Exobasidium pentasporium</i> causing witches' broom of <i>Rhododendron</i> species.","authors":"Saho Shibata, Yuuri Hirooka","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2022.07.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2022.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Exobasidium pentasporium</i> was first found on <i>Rhododendron kaempferi</i> in Nikko, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan and described only with a brief mentions and illustration of a specimen in 1896. This fungus causes a witches' broom disease of <i>Rhododendron</i> species. To stabilize the concept of this species, the specimen in the protologue was located, carefully examined, and illustrated. In addition, the name was epitypified based on a newly collected topotype specimen. A phylogenetic tree using ITS and LSU sequences showed that our isolates of <i>E. pentasporium</i> grouped with other <i>Exobasidium</i> species on <i>Rhododendron</i> forming a monophyletic clade with strong statistical support and were unrelated to <i>E. nobeyamense</i>, another causal agent of witches' broom disease on <i>Rhododendron</i> species.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"63 6","pages":"247-253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a8/ab/MYC-63-247.PMC10042312.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9387835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2022.07.001
Prashant B Patil, Sharda Vaidya, Satish Maurya, Nitinkumar P Patil
A new species of Micropsalliota is described from tropical region of Maharashtra, India. The species is recognized on the basis of morphological details and its phylogenetic placement is determined by using of nrITS and nrLSU sequence data analyses. Micropsalliota pileocystidiata is characterised by its robust basidiomes covered by reddish brown appressed fibrillose squamules, ellipsoid to amygdaliform basidiospores, pyriform pileocystidia and clavate, utriform to broadly utriform or sometimes ellipsoid cheilo- and pleurocystidia.
{"title":"<i>Micropsalliota pileocystidiata</i> (<i>Agaricaceae</i>), a new species from Maharashtra, India.","authors":"Prashant B Patil, Sharda Vaidya, Satish Maurya, Nitinkumar P Patil","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2022.07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2022.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new species of <i>Micropsalliota</i> is described from tropical region of Maharashtra, India. The species is recognized on the basis of morphological details and its phylogenetic placement is determined by using of nrITS and nrLSU sequence data analyses. <i>Micropsalliota pileocystidiata</i> is characterised by its robust basidiomes covered by reddish brown appressed fibrillose squamules, ellipsoid to amygdaliform basidiospores, pyriform pileocystidia and clavate, utriform to broadly utriform or sometimes ellipsoid cheilo- and pleurocystidia.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"63 5","pages":"215-221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/31/65/MYC-63-215.PMC10026078.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9756154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We describe a new species of Gerhardtia from Japan based on basidiomata morphology, live culture characteristics, and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Gerhardtia venosolamellata is found on broad-leaf litter, and is characterized by tricholomatoid to marasmioid basidiomata, an off-white to pale salmon-pink pileus surface with faint marginal striae, subdistant lamellae with lateral veins, a tomentose to strigose stipe base with hyphal strands generating arthroconidia measuring 4-7 × 2-3 µm, cyanophilic, elongate-ellipsoid to cylindrical, slightly verrucose or undulate basidiospores measuring 4.5-6 × 2.5-3 µm, and cyanophilic basidia measuring 25-35 × 5-6 µm and containing siderophilous granules. Phylogenetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacer and large subunit regions of the fungal nrDNA indicates that G. venosolamellata is related to G. sinensis and G. highlandensis, but differs from the former with respect to basidiomata color, basidiospore shape, and habitat. An isotype specimen of G. highlandensis exhibited relatively close lamellae without veins, and slightly larger basidiospores (4.5-6.5 × 2.5-3 µm). Cultured mycelia of G. venosolamellata produced arthroconidia measuring 4.5-8.5 × 2.5-3 µm with both schizolytic and rhexolytic secession on MA and PDA media, and chlamydospores occasionally covered with crystals on MA and MYG media.
{"title":"Description of a new species of <i>Gerhardtia</i> (<i>Lyophyllaceae</i>, <i>Agaricales</i>) from Japan based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses and live culture characteristics.","authors":"Naoki Endo, Moe Takahashi, Kosuke Nagamune, Kaito Oguchi, Ryo Sugawara, Kozue Sotome, Akira Nakagiri, Nitaro Maekawa","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2021.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2021.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe a new species of <i>Gerhardtia</i> from Japan based on basidiomata morphology, live culture characteristics, and molecular phylogenetic analyses. <i>Gerhardtia venosolamellata</i> is found on broad-leaf litter, and is characterized by tricholomatoid to marasmioid basidiomata, an off-white to pale salmon-pink pileus surface with faint marginal striae, subdistant lamellae with lateral veins, a tomentose to strigose stipe base with hyphal strands generating arthroconidia measuring 4-7 × 2-3 µm, cyanophilic, elongate-ellipsoid to cylindrical, slightly verrucose or undulate basidiospores measuring 4.5-6 × 2.5-3 µm, and cyanophilic basidia measuring 25-35 × 5-6 µm and containing siderophilous granules. Phylogenetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacer and large subunit regions of the fungal nrDNA indicates that <i>G. venosolamellata</i> is related to <i>G. sinensis</i> and <i>G. highlandensis</i>, but differs from the former with respect to basidiomata color, basidiospore shape, and habitat. An isotype specimen of <i>G. highlandensis</i> exhibited relatively close lamellae without veins, and slightly larger basidiospores (4.5-6.5 × 2.5-3 µm). Cultured mycelia of <i>G. venosolamellata</i> produced arthroconidia measuring 4.5-8.5 × 2.5-3 µm with both schizolytic and rhexolytic secession on MA and PDA media, and chlamydospores occasionally covered with crystals on MA and MYG media.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"63 1","pages":"12-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4d/07/MYC-63-012.PMC9877505.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9742128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2022.03.003
Tamotsu Hoshino, Oleg B Tkachenko, Motoaki Tojo, Anne Marte Tronsmo, Taiga Kasuya, Naoyuki Matsumoto
Typhula ishikariensis and the related fungi were separated into three biological species by morphological and physiological characteristics, as well as DNA sequences and mating reactions. We propose that the T. ishikariensis complex should be divided into three species (T. ishikariensis, T. canadensis and T. hyperborea) and two varieties (T. ishikariensis var. ishikariensis and var. idahoensis). Typhula hyperborea was reappraised to be recognized also as a separate species of the T. ishikariensis complex.
根据形态和生理特征、DNA序列和交配反应,将石kariensis及其相关真菌划分为3个生物种。我们认为石kariensis复合体可分为3个种(T. ishikariensis、T. canadensis和T. hyperborea)和2个变种(T. ishikariensis var. ishikariensis和var. idahoensis)。对大北伤寒进行了重新评价,认为它也是石kariensis复合体的一个独立种。
{"title":"Taxonomic revision of the <i>Typhula ishikariensis</i> complex.","authors":"Tamotsu Hoshino, Oleg B Tkachenko, Motoaki Tojo, Anne Marte Tronsmo, Taiga Kasuya, Naoyuki Matsumoto","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2022.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2022.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Typhula ishikariensis</i> and the related fungi were separated into three biological species by morphological and physiological characteristics, as well as DNA sequences and mating reactions. We propose that the <i>T. ishikariensis</i> complex should be divided into three species (<i>T. ishikariensis</i>, <i>T. canadensis</i> and <i>T. hyperborea</i>) and two varieties (<i>T. ishikariensis</i> var. <i>ishikariensis</i> and var. <i>idahoensis</i>). <i>Typhula hyperborea</i> was reappraised to be recognized also as a separate species of the <i>T. ishikariensis</i> complex.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"63 3","pages":"118-130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/50/c6/MYC-63-118.PMC10042319.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9387056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2022.07.00
Li Liu, Michael Bradshaw, Uwe Braun, Monika Götz, Seyed Akbar Khodaparast, Tie-Zhi Liu, Timur S Bulgakov, Hamideh Darsaraei, Wolfgang Karl Hofbauer, Yu Li, Shu-Yan Liu
Phylogenetic and morphological analyses have been conducted on powdery mildew specimens on different Berberis and Mahonia spp. from Asia, Europe and North America. The present study showed that collections of Erysiphe berberidis exhibit a high degree of morphological plasticity of the sexual morph, in contrast to their morphologically, rather uniform, asexual morph. In phylogenetic tree, all sequences cluster in a large strongly supported clade, without any indication and support for further differentiation into cryptic species. There are three morphological types within E. berberidis s. lat. that contain consistent differences. Until future multi-locus analyses will be available, we prefer to treat these 'morphological types' as varieties. These include Erysiphe berberidis var. berberidis, E. berberidis var. asiatica, and E. berberidis var. dimorpha comb. nov. (≡ Microsphaera berberidis var. dimorpha, M. berberidicola, and M.multappendicis). To fix the application of species name E. berberidis, an appropriate epitype was designated, with an ITS sequences.
{"title":"Phylogeny and taxonomy of <i>Erysiphe berberidis</i> (s. lat.) revisited.","authors":"Li Liu, Michael Bradshaw, Uwe Braun, Monika Götz, Seyed Akbar Khodaparast, Tie-Zhi Liu, Timur S Bulgakov, Hamideh Darsaraei, Wolfgang Karl Hofbauer, Yu Li, Shu-Yan Liu","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2022.07.00","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2022.07.00","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phylogenetic and morphological analyses have been conducted on powdery mildew specimens on different <i>Berberis</i> and <i>Mahonia</i> spp. from Asia, Europe and North America. The present study showed that collections of <i>Erysiphe berberidis</i> exhibit a high degree of morphological plasticity of the sexual morph, in contrast to their morphologically, rather uniform, asexual morph. In phylogenetic tree, all sequences cluster in a large strongly supported clade, without any indication and support for further differentiation into cryptic species. There are three morphological types within <i>E. berberidis</i> s. lat. that contain consistent differences. Until future multi-locus analyses will be available, we prefer to treat these 'morphological types' as varieties. These include <i>Erysiphe berberidis</i> var. <i>berberidis</i>, <i>E. berberidis</i> var. <i>asiatica</i>, and <i>E. berberidis</i> var. <i>dimorpha</i> comb. nov. (≡ <i>Microsphaera berberidis</i> var. <i>dimorpha</i>, <i>M. berberidicola</i>, and <i>M.</i> <i>multappendicis</i>). To fix the application of species name <i>E. berberidis</i>, an appropriate epitype was designated, with an ITS sequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"63 5","pages":"222-234"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f7/9f/MYC-63-222.PMC10042313.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9387571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2022.05.002
Yumiko Miyamoto, Trofim C Maximov, Alexander Kononov, Atsuko Sugimoto
Microbial symbionts are essential for plant niche expansion into novel habitats. Dormant propagules of ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi are thought to play an important role in seedling establishment in invasion fronts; however, propagule bank communities above the treeline are poorly understood in the Eurasian Arctic, where treelines are expected to advance under rapid climate change. To investigate the availability of EM fungal propagules, we collected 100 soil samples from Arctic tundra sites and applied bioassay experiments using Larix cajanderi as bait seedlings. We detected 11 EM fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) by obtaining entire ITS regions. Suillusclintonianus was the most frequently observed OTU, followed by Cenococcum geophilum and Sebacinales OTU1. Three Suillus and one Rhizopogon species were detected in the bioassay seedlings, indicating the availability of Larix-specific suilloid spores at least 30 km from the contemporary treeline. Spores of S. clintonianus and S. spectabilis remained infective after preservation for 14 mo and heat treatment at 60 °C, implying the durability of the spores. Long-distance dispersal capability and spore resistance to adverse conditions may represent ecological strategies employed by suilloid fungi to quickly associate with emerging seedlings of compatible hosts in treeless habitats.
{"title":"Soil propagule banks of ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with <i>Larix cajanderi</i> above the treeline in the Siberian Arctic.","authors":"Yumiko Miyamoto, Trofim C Maximov, Alexander Kononov, Atsuko Sugimoto","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2022.05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2022.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbial symbionts are essential for plant niche expansion into novel habitats. Dormant propagules of ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi are thought to play an important role in seedling establishment in invasion fronts; however, propagule bank communities above the treeline are poorly understood in the Eurasian Arctic, where treelines are expected to advance under rapid climate change. To investigate the availability of EM fungal propagules, we collected 100 soil samples from Arctic tundra sites and applied bioassay experiments using <i>Larix cajanderi</i> as bait seedlings. We detected 11 EM fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) by obtaining entire ITS regions. <i>Suillus</i> <i>clintonianus</i> was the most frequently observed OTU, followed by <i>Cenococcum geophilum</i> and <i>Sebacinales</i> OTU1. Three <i>Suillus</i> and one <i>Rhizopogon</i> species were detected in the bioassay seedlings, indicating the availability of <i>Larix</i>-specific suilloid spores at least 30 km from the contemporary treeline. Spores of <i>S</i>. <i>clintonianus</i> and <i>S</i>. <i>spectabilis</i> remained infective after preservation for 14 mo and heat treatment at 60 °C, implying the durability of the spores. Long-distance dispersal capability and spore resistance to adverse conditions may represent ecological strategies employed by suilloid fungi to quickly associate with emerging seedlings of compatible hosts in treeless habitats.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"63 4","pages":"142-148"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e2/4a/MYC-63-142.PMC10042316.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9444372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We describe two new species of resupinate Sistotrema sensu lato (Cantharellales) collected in Japan: S. flavorhizomorphae and S. chloroporum. Both species have urniform basidia with more than four sterigmata and monomitic hyphal system, oil-rich hyphae in subiculum, which is typical for this genus. Sistotrema chloroporum is characterized by poroid hymenophore partly yellowish-green, basidia 4-6-spored, medium-sized basidiospores (4.5-6.5 × 3.5-6 µm), and broadleaf forest habitat. Sistotrema flavorhizomorphae is characterized by hydnoid-irpicoid hymenophore, bright yellowish rhizomorphs, basidia 6-8-spored, small basidiospores (3-3.5 × 2.5-3 µm), and pine forest habitat. Phylogenetic trees inferred from the fungal nrDNA ITS and LSU and the rpb2 sequences supported that both species were distinct and grouped with other ectomycorrhizal Sistotrema and Hydnum species, but their generic boundary was unclear. Mycorrhizae underneath basidiomes of both species were identified and described via molecular techniques. Mycorrhizae of S. chloroporum have similar characteristics to those of other Sistotrema s.l. and Hydnum species, i.e., S. confluens and H. repandum, whereas S. flavorhizomorphae has a distinct morpho-anatomy, for example, a distinct pseudoparenchymatous mantle. Comprehensive characterizations of basidiomes and mycorrhizae improve the taxonomic analysis of mycorrhizal species of Sistotrema s.l.
{"title":"Two new species of <i>Sistotrema</i> s.l. (<i>Cantharellales</i>) from Japan with descriptions of their ectomycorrhizae.","authors":"Ryo Sugawara, Nana Shirasuka, Tatsuki Yamamoto, Kosuke Nagamune, Kaito Oguchi, Nitaro Maekawa, Kozue Sotome, Akira Nakagiri, Shuji Ushijima, Naoki Endo","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2022.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2022.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe two new species of resupinate <i>Sistotrema</i> sensu lato (<i>Cantharellales</i>) collected in Japan: <i>S. flavorhizomorphae</i> and <i>S. chloroporum</i>. Both species have urniform basidia with more than four sterigmata and monomitic hyphal system, oil-rich hyphae in subiculum, which is typical for this genus. <i>Sistotrema chloroporum</i> is characterized by poroid hymenophore partly yellowish-green, basidia 4-6-spored, medium-sized basidiospores (4.5-6.5 × 3.5-6 µm), and broadleaf forest habitat. <i>Sistotrema flavorhizomorphae</i> is characterized by hydnoid-irpicoid hymenophore, bright yellowish rhizomorphs, basidia 6-8-spored, small basidiospores (3-3.5 × 2.5-3 µm), and pine forest habitat. Phylogenetic trees inferred from the fungal nrDNA ITS and LSU and the <i>rpb2</i> sequences supported that both species were distinct and grouped with other ectomycorrhizal <i>Sistotrema</i> and <i>Hydnum</i> species, but their generic boundary was unclear. Mycorrhizae underneath basidiomes of both species were identified and described via molecular techniques. Mycorrhizae of <i>S. chloroporum</i> have similar characteristics to those of other <i>Sistotrema</i> s.l. and <i>Hydnum</i> species, i.e., <i>S. confluens</i> and <i>H. repandum</i>, whereas <i>S. flavorhizomorphae</i> has a distinct morpho-anatomy, for example, a distinct pseudoparenchymatous mantle. Comprehensive characterizations of basidiomes and mycorrhizae improve the taxonomic analysis of mycorrhizal species of <i>Sistotrema</i> s.l.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"63 3","pages":"102-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/18/ff/MYC-63-102.PMC10042317.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9755629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2022.04.002
Tsutomu Hattori, Yuko Ota, Kozue Sotome
We describe two new species of Fulvifomes based on morphological observations and phylogenetic investigations. Both species were identified as Phellinus rimosus by former mycologists, but both are morphologically distinct from authenticated specimen of P. rimosus. Fulvifomes boninensis is characterized by perennial basidiomata, a sulcate pileus surface becoming rimose, lack of a distinct crust on the pileus surface, subdimitic hyphal system in the context, and ellipsoid basidiospores. This species is endemic to the Bonin Islands, Japan, and is specific to the host Morus boninensis, a red-listed tree species. Fulvifomes imazekii is characterized by perennial basidiomata, sulcate and velutinous pileus surface, lack of a crust on the pileus surface, dimitic hyphal system in the context, and broadly ellipsoid basidiospores. This species is specific to Berchemiella berchemiaefolia, and is known only from Mt. Yokogura-yama, in Kochi Prefecture, Japan. Fulvifomes boninensis and F. imazekii are considered threatened, because of their high host specificity each with a threatened tree species as well as the limited distribution of the former and the extremely small number of "mature individuals" of the latter. The following new combinations were also proposed: Fulvifomes aulaxinus, F. pappianus, and F. tepperi.
{"title":"Two new species of <i>Fulvifomes</i> (<i>Basidiomycota</i>, <i>Hymenochaetaceae</i>) on threatened or near threatened tree species in Japan.","authors":"Tsutomu Hattori, Yuko Ota, Kozue Sotome","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2022.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2022.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe two new species of <i>Fulvifomes</i> based on morphological observations and phylogenetic investigations. Both species were identified as <i>Phellinus rimosus</i> by former mycologists, but both are morphologically distinct from authenticated specimen of <i>P. rimosus</i>. <i>Fulvifomes boninensis</i> is characterized by perennial basidiomata, a sulcate pileus surface becoming rimose, lack of a distinct crust on the pileus surface, subdimitic hyphal system in the context, and ellipsoid basidiospores. This species is endemic to the Bonin Islands, Japan, and is specific to the host <i>Morus boninensis</i>, a red-listed tree species. <i>Fulvifomes imazekii</i> is characterized by perennial basidiomata, sulcate and velutinous pileus surface, lack of a crust on the pileus surface, dimitic hyphal system in the context, and broadly ellipsoid basidiospores. This species is specific to <i>Berchemiella berchemiaefolia</i>, and is known only from Mt. Yokogura-yama, in Kochi Prefecture, Japan. <i>Fulvifomes boninensis</i> and <i>F. imazekii</i> are considered threatened, because of their high host specificity each with a threatened tree species as well as the limited distribution of the former and the extremely small number of \"mature individuals\" of the latter. The following new combinations were also proposed: <i>Fulvifomes aulaxinus</i>, <i>F. pappianus</i>, and <i>F. tepperi</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":"63 3","pages":"131-141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c3/00/MYC-63-131.PMC10032352.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9387054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}