National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery最新文献

Background: The use of dental implants has become a very predictive method of rehabilitation for patients with partial or complete edentulism. It is more challenging to treat the posterior quadrants of the maxillary ridges using dental implants due to their anatomical and physiological characteristics. So to overcome the limitations of other techniques, short implants were introduced recently as a new approach to simplify implant placement in compromised alveolar bone and to prevent possible damage to vital structures.

Purpose: This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of dental implants placed using the osteotomized sinus floor elevation (OSFE) technique side engaging the bony floor of the maxillary sinus (bicortical anchorage) on one side and the conventional technique by split mouth on the other side.

Materials and method: This study included 15 patients. Study participants had dental implants placed on both sides of the mouth at the same time, so one side was implanted according to the test method, while the other side used the control method. Randomization determined which side would be implanted.

Conclusion: The OSFE technique provides greater stability to the implant via bicortical anchorage than conventional techniques, which only provide unicortical anchorage.

The anterior maxillary region being an aesthetic zone remains critical in decision-making when it comes to replacing a tooth. Treatment planning to place dental implants in aesthetic zone like anterior maxilla needs paramount attention in order to provide best of the treatment outcomes from aesthetic point of view. As the field of dental implants tend to evolve continuously, newer concepts with inadequate research come into practise on regular basis. In this article, some of the controversies regarding dental implant placement and treatment process related to anterior maxillary aesthetic zone are discussed with literature to support evidence.

Introduction: Various techniques have been used to treat internal temporomandibular joint derangements (TMJ ID), with arthrocentesis one of the most successful in reducing symptoms and promoting function. In cases of TMJ ID, this research study compares and evaluates the efficacy of arthrocentesis with injections of corticosteroids (CS) or hyaluronic acid (HA).

Methods: This prospective randomized, non-blinded study involving 91 patients with symptoms of TMJ ID treated by arthrocentesis followed by intra articular injection of 1 ml of either corticosteroid (group A) or HA (group B) . Maximum mouth opening, lateral excursive movements, TMJ pain at rest and during function, masticatory efficiency, pre-treatment functional TMJ limitation and subjective judgment of efficacy of treatment were assessed with millimeter scale. All the parameters measured before the procedure and further followed at 1^st week, 1^st month, 3^rd month and 6^th month post-procedure.

Results: Maximum mouth opening post procedure improved significantly in Group B at follow up visits (P < 0.05). Subjects in group B showed significant reduction in pain at rest (P = 0.001) at 1 week and 1 month follow up & increased masticatory efficiency at 6 months (P = 0.042) as compared to that of group A subjects.

Conclusion: Injection of HA post-TMJ arthrocentesis is found be comparatively more effective method of treating TMD IDs with resultant decrease in pain & improved functionality of the jaw. TMJ arthrocentesis along with injection of HA could serve as a possible alternative to treat chronic TMJ pain sufferers who are unresponsive to conservative medical therapies.

Aim: The aim of the study was the identification of predictors of psychology and beliefs among parents of children affected by cleft lip and cleft palate.

Methods: The study included a sample of 157 parents of children having cleft lips and cleft palates. Parents were given a questionnaire related to their beliefs and reasons behind deformity.

Results: Out of 157 participants, 90 were fathers, and 67 were mothers. The children with deformities included 105 boys and 52 girls. The majority of parents (43) believed that the eclipse was one of the reasons for the deformity and the other was God's wrath for the mother's sins. The time of birth was considered a factor for cleft lip and palate by 27 parents. The study revealed that the self-esteem of fathers was higher than mothers and they were more concerned of being undesirably judged by others due to deformity of their children than the mothers.

Conclusion: It can be inferred that the parents of a child with cleft lip and palate differ in their psychosocial adjustments. Also, mothers experience more psychosocial problems than fathers. The superstitious beliefs still prevail in rural areas despite advanced medical facilities and awareness.