Pub Date : 2026-03-11DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02886-2
Alison F. Feder, William S. DeWitt
The ability to predict rapid evolutionary processes within our bodies would advance both medical science and evolutionary biology. We discuss technologies that move us towards intrahost evolutionary predictions, and some of the obstacles that remain to be overcome.
{"title":"Context dependency is essential for predicting intrahost evolution","authors":"Alison F. Feder, William S. DeWitt","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02886-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-025-02886-2","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to predict rapid evolutionary processes within our bodies would advance both medical science and evolutionary biology. We discuss technologies that move us towards intrahost evolutionary predictions, and some of the obstacles that remain to be overcome.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 3","pages":"389-391"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-025-02886-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-11DOI: 10.1038/s41559-026-02990-x
Yajna Ramphal, Tulio de Oliveira
Yajna Ramphal and Tulio de Oliveira are fascinated by the adaptive evolution of chikungunya virus.
Yajna Ramphal和Tulio de Oliveira对基孔肯雅病毒的适应性进化很感兴趣。
{"title":"Chikungunya virus","authors":"Yajna Ramphal, Tulio de Oliveira","doi":"10.1038/s41559-026-02990-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-026-02990-x","url":null,"abstract":"Yajna Ramphal and Tulio de Oliveira are fascinated by the adaptive evolution of chikungunya virus.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 3","pages":"610-610"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-11DOI: 10.1038/s41559-026-03028-y
In this Focus issue, we highlight research and opinion pieces on the many conceptual and practical contributions of evolutionary biology to predicting and controlling disease.
在这个焦点问题中，我们重点介绍了进化生物学在预测和控制疾病方面的许多概念和实践贡献的研究和观点。
{"title":"Evolution in medicine","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41559-026-03028-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-026-03028-y","url":null,"abstract":"In this Focus issue, we highlight research and opinion pieces on the many conceptual and practical contributions of evolutionary biology to predicting and controlling disease.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 3","pages":"383-384"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-026-03028-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-11DOI: 10.1038/s41559-026-02987-6
Julia K Baum,Margaret A Slein,Josef C Garen,Zihaohan Sang,Sandra Emry,Katie J A Goodwin,Courtney G Collins,Jayme Lewthwaite,Michelle Tseng,Sean T Michaletz,A Cole Burton,Christopher D G Harley,Diane S Srivastava,
Extreme weather events are increasing in frequency and intensity, but their ecological impacts remain less well understood than those of gradual climate change, largely owing to the challenge of studying unpredictable, short-lived events. The 2021 western North American heatwave is among the most extreme on record globally, yet a broad assessment of its ecological consequences is lacking. Here we synthesize meteorological, ecological, hydrological and wildfire data, along with process-based modelling, to quantify the heatwave and its impacts across the region. Our meta-analysis of 32 terrestrial and marine taxa reveals that over 75% were negatively impacted, but species responses ranged widely, from 99% declines to 89% increases. This variability reflects differences in organisms' thermal sensitivities, response capacities and exposures, with the latter dependent on geography, microclimate and refugia. Impacts tended to be greater for sessile marine invertebrates, algae and plants than for birds and mammals. At the ecosystem scale, changes in gross primary productivity ranged from 30% increases in cooler, wetter areas to 75% decreases in warmer, arid ones. Streamflow from snow and ice melt increased 40% during the heatwave before dropping below average, whereas wildfire activity surged 37% during the heatwave and 395% the following week. Our results underscore the urgent need for enhanced coordinated approaches to predict, detect and manage increasing heatwaves.
{"title":"Widespread ecological responses and cascading effects of the 2021 western North American heatwave.","authors":"Julia K Baum,Margaret A Slein,Josef C Garen,Zihaohan Sang,Sandra Emry,Katie J A Goodwin,Courtney G Collins,Jayme Lewthwaite,Michelle Tseng,Sean T Michaletz,A Cole Burton,Christopher D G Harley,Diane S Srivastava, ","doi":"10.1038/s41559-026-02987-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-026-02987-6","url":null,"abstract":"Extreme weather events are increasing in frequency and intensity, but their ecological impacts remain less well understood than those of gradual climate change, largely owing to the challenge of studying unpredictable, short-lived events. The 2021 western North American heatwave is among the most extreme on record globally, yet a broad assessment of its ecological consequences is lacking. Here we synthesize meteorological, ecological, hydrological and wildfire data, along with process-based modelling, to quantify the heatwave and its impacts across the region. Our meta-analysis of 32 terrestrial and marine taxa reveals that over 75% were negatively impacted, but species responses ranged widely, from 99% declines to 89% increases. This variability reflects differences in organisms' thermal sensitivities, response capacities and exposures, with the latter dependent on geography, microclimate and refugia. Impacts tended to be greater for sessile marine invertebrates, algae and plants than for birds and mammals. At the ecosystem scale, changes in gross primary productivity ranged from 30% increases in cooler, wetter areas to 75% decreases in warmer, arid ones. Streamflow from snow and ice melt increased 40% during the heatwave before dropping below average, whereas wildfire activity surged 37% during the heatwave and 395% the following week. Our results underscore the urgent need for enhanced coordinated approaches to predict, detect and manage increasing heatwaves.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"198 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147393777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-11DOI: 10.1038/s41559-026-02980-z
Ernest Mordret, Hugo Vaysset, Aude Bernheim
Evolutionary genomics is transforming our ability to discover immune actors across the tree of life. By leveraging genomic signatures such as positive selection, remote homology and genomic organization, we can predict immune function of uncharacterized genes across diverse organisms, including humans.
{"title":"Evolution as a guide for the discovery of innate immune actors","authors":"Ernest Mordret, Hugo Vaysset, Aude Bernheim","doi":"10.1038/s41559-026-02980-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-026-02980-z","url":null,"abstract":"Evolutionary genomics is transforming our ability to discover immune actors across the tree of life. By leveraging genomic signatures such as positive selection, remote homology and genomic organization, we can predict immune function of uncharacterized genes across diverse organisms, including humans.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 3","pages":"385-388"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human activities are rapidly eroding the biodiversity of most ecosystems, threatening the myriad contributions they provide to nature and people. Protected areas are often seen as key management tools for their conservation. However, the lack of historical baselines hinders our ability to fully assess these declines and the extent to which protected areas can compensate for decades of human-mediated degradation. Using a Bayesian framework, we modelled 22 fish community contributions across 2,800 tropical reefs and predicted their levels under counterfactual scenarios to compare the relative benefits of marine protected areas (MPAs) and anthropogenic impacts on unprotected reefs. We show that human activities have significantly reduced fish biodiversity- and biomass-related contributions with, for example, a 120% decline in piscivore biomass, corresponding to a net loss of 19 kg per hectare of reef. In contrast, the benefits of MPAs appear comparatively low, with conservation efforts potentially offsetting only 5% of this decline. Ultimately, only old and fully protected areas provide marked benefits to nature and people. This suggests that even if we drastically increase our protection efforts across the ocean (30% coverage by 2030), we cannot expect short-term socio-ecological benefits to counterbalance a long history of human footprint. A desirable future for nature and people thus requires a paradigm shift in our relationship with ecosystems and their biodiversity, beyond MPA establishment.
{"title":"Marine protected areas marginally offset anthropogenic declines in tropical reef fish contributions to nature and people.","authors":"Ulysse Flandrin,Nicolas Mouquet,Nicolas Loiseau,Cyril Hautecoeur,Eva Maire,Matthew McLean,Loïc Sanchez,Ella Clausius,Rick Stuart-Smith,Graham Edgar,Camille Albouy,Joshua Cinner,David Mouillot","doi":"10.1038/s41559-026-03008-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-026-03008-2","url":null,"abstract":"Human activities are rapidly eroding the biodiversity of most ecosystems, threatening the myriad contributions they provide to nature and people. Protected areas are often seen as key management tools for their conservation. However, the lack of historical baselines hinders our ability to fully assess these declines and the extent to which protected areas can compensate for decades of human-mediated degradation. Using a Bayesian framework, we modelled 22 fish community contributions across 2,800 tropical reefs and predicted their levels under counterfactual scenarios to compare the relative benefits of marine protected areas (MPAs) and anthropogenic impacts on unprotected reefs. We show that human activities have significantly reduced fish biodiversity- and biomass-related contributions with, for example, a 120% decline in piscivore biomass, corresponding to a net loss of 19 kg per hectare of reef. In contrast, the benefits of MPAs appear comparatively low, with conservation efforts potentially offsetting only 5% of this decline. Ultimately, only old and fully protected areas provide marked benefits to nature and people. This suggests that even if we drastically increase our protection efforts across the ocean (30% coverage by 2030), we cannot expect short-term socio-ecological benefits to counterbalance a long history of human footprint. A desirable future for nature and people thus requires a paradigm shift in our relationship with ecosystems and their biodiversity, beyond MPA establishment.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147368466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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