Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02971-6
Soroor Rahmanian, Nico Eisenhauer, Yuanyuan Huang, Martin Hejda, Petr Pyšek, Hannes Feilhauer, David J Eldridge, Nicolas Gross, Yoann Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Hugo Saiz, Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo, Miguel Berdugo, Victoria Ochoa, Beatriz Gozalo, Sergio Asensio, Emilio Guirado, Enrique Valencia, Miguel García-Gómez, Juan J Gaitán, Betty Mendoza, César Plaza, Paloma Díaz-Martínez, Jaime Martínez-Valderrama, Mehdi Abedi, Negar Ahmadian, Rodrigo J Ahumada, Fateh Amghar, Thiago Araújo, Antonio I Arroyo, Farah Ben Salem, Niels Blaum, Enkhjargal Boldbat, Bazartseren Boldgiv, Matthew Bowker, Liesbeth van den Brink, Chongfeng Bu, Rafaella Canessa, Andrea P Castillo-Monroy, Helena Castro, Patricio Castro-Quezada, Ghassen Chaieb, Roukaya Chibani, Abel A Conceição, Yvonne C Davila, Balázs Deák, David A Donoso, Andrew Dougill, Carlos Iván Espinosa, Alex Fajardo, Mohammad Farzam, Daniela Ferrante, Jorgelina Franzese, Lauchlan H Fraser, Erika Geiger, Sofia Laura Gonzalez, Elizabeth Gusman Montalván, Robert Hering, Eugene Marais, Rosa Mary Hernández Hernández, Sandra Daniela Hernández-Valdez, Norbert Hölzel, Elisabeth Huber-Sannwald, Oswaldo Jadán, Anke Jentsch, Liana Kindermann, Melanie Köbel, Peter C le Roux, Cintia V Leder, Xinhao Li, Pierre Liancourt, Anja Linstädter, Jushan Liu, Michelle A Louw, Gillian Maggs-Kölling, Thulani P Makhalanyane, Oumarou Malam Issa, Antonio J Manzaneda, Pierre Margerie, Raphaël Martin, Mitchel P McClaran, João Vitor S Messeder, Juan P Mora, Gerardo Moreno, Seth M Munson, Girish R Nair, Alice Nunes, Gabriel Oliva, Salza Palpurina, Guadalupe Peter, Yolanda Pueyo, Emiliano Quiroga, Sasha C Reed, Pedro J Rey, Alexandra Rodríguez, Victor Rolo, Jan C Ruppert, Ayman Salah, Shlomo Sarig, Brajesh K Singh, Anthony Swemmer, Alberto L Teixido, Andrew D Thomas, Katja Tielbörger, Samantha Travers, Orsolya Valkó, Wanyoike Wamiti, Deli Wang, Lixin Wang, Glenda M Wardle, Peter Wolff, Laura Yahdjian, Gastón R Oñatibia, Reza Yari, Eli Zaady, Yuanming Zhang, Xiaobing Zhou, Fernando T Maestre
Drivers of non-native plant success in drylands are poorly understood. Here we identify functional differences between dryland native and non-native perennial plants and assess how biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic factors shape the success of the latter. On the basis of plant community and functional trait data from 98 sites across 25 countries, we report a total of 41 non-native plant species at 31 sites. Non-natives tend towards faster growth strategies than natives. Non-native plant richness is higher at sites with greater grazing pressure and under environmental conditions associated with higher soil fertility, decomposition and fungal richness-conditions that tend to occur in less arid regions-and lower where native plant and herbivore richness are greater. Non-native plant cover correlates positively with grazing pressure and negatively with native plant richness. Taken together, our results suggest that non-native plant success in drylands is facilitated when high grazing pressure coincides with elevated resource availability. Such context-dependence of non-native plant success and linkages with native plant and herbivore diversity highlight the need for managing grazing and conserving biodiversity across the world's drylands.
{"title":"Abiotic and biotic controls of non-native perennial plant success in drylands.","authors":"Soroor Rahmanian, Nico Eisenhauer, Yuanyuan Huang, Martin Hejda, Petr Pyšek, Hannes Feilhauer, David J Eldridge, Nicolas Gross, Yoann Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Hugo Saiz, Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo, Miguel Berdugo, Victoria Ochoa, Beatriz Gozalo, Sergio Asensio, Emilio Guirado, Enrique Valencia, Miguel García-Gómez, Juan J Gaitán, Betty Mendoza, César Plaza, Paloma Díaz-Martínez, Jaime Martínez-Valderrama, Mehdi Abedi, Negar Ahmadian, Rodrigo J Ahumada, Fateh Amghar, Thiago Araújo, Antonio I Arroyo, Farah Ben Salem, Niels Blaum, Enkhjargal Boldbat, Bazartseren Boldgiv, Matthew Bowker, Liesbeth van den Brink, Chongfeng Bu, Rafaella Canessa, Andrea P Castillo-Monroy, Helena Castro, Patricio Castro-Quezada, Ghassen Chaieb, Roukaya Chibani, Abel A Conceição, Yvonne C Davila, Balázs Deák, David A Donoso, Andrew Dougill, Carlos Iván Espinosa, Alex Fajardo, Mohammad Farzam, Daniela Ferrante, Jorgelina Franzese, Lauchlan H Fraser, Erika Geiger, Sofia Laura Gonzalez, Elizabeth Gusman Montalván, Robert Hering, Eugene Marais, Rosa Mary Hernández Hernández, Sandra Daniela Hernández-Valdez, Norbert Hölzel, Elisabeth Huber-Sannwald, Oswaldo Jadán, Anke Jentsch, Liana Kindermann, Melanie Köbel, Peter C le Roux, Cintia V Leder, Xinhao Li, Pierre Liancourt, Anja Linstädter, Jushan Liu, Michelle A Louw, Gillian Maggs-Kölling, Thulani P Makhalanyane, Oumarou Malam Issa, Antonio J Manzaneda, Pierre Margerie, Raphaël Martin, Mitchel P McClaran, João Vitor S Messeder, Juan P Mora, Gerardo Moreno, Seth M Munson, Girish R Nair, Alice Nunes, Gabriel Oliva, Salza Palpurina, Guadalupe Peter, Yolanda Pueyo, Emiliano Quiroga, Sasha C Reed, Pedro J Rey, Alexandra Rodríguez, Victor Rolo, Jan C Ruppert, Ayman Salah, Shlomo Sarig, Brajesh K Singh, Anthony Swemmer, Alberto L Teixido, Andrew D Thomas, Katja Tielbörger, Samantha Travers, Orsolya Valkó, Wanyoike Wamiti, Deli Wang, Lixin Wang, Glenda M Wardle, Peter Wolff, Laura Yahdjian, Gastón R Oñatibia, Reza Yari, Eli Zaady, Yuanming Zhang, Xiaobing Zhou, Fernando T Maestre","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02971-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02971-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drivers of non-native plant success in drylands are poorly understood. Here we identify functional differences between dryland native and non-native perennial plants and assess how biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic factors shape the success of the latter. On the basis of plant community and functional trait data from 98 sites across 25 countries, we report a total of 41 non-native plant species at 31 sites. Non-natives tend towards faster growth strategies than natives. Non-native plant richness is higher at sites with greater grazing pressure and under environmental conditions associated with higher soil fertility, decomposition and fungal richness-conditions that tend to occur in less arid regions-and lower where native plant and herbivore richness are greater. Non-native plant cover correlates positively with grazing pressure and negatively with native plant richness. Taken together, our results suggest that non-native plant success in drylands is facilitated when high grazing pressure coincides with elevated resource availability. Such context-dependence of non-native plant success and linkages with native plant and herbivore diversity highlight the need for managing grazing and conserving biodiversity across the world's drylands.</p>","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146132569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02960-9
Jiandong Huang, Wenhao Wu, Lei Mao, Filippo Bertozzo, Danielle Dhouailly, Ninon Robin, Michael Pittman, Thomas G. Kaye, Fabio Manucci, Xuezhi He, Xuri Wang, Pascal Godefroit
The near-complete and articulated skeleton of a new iguanodontian dinosaur, Haolong dongi gen. et sp. nov., from the Lower Cretaceous of northeastern China, preserves exquisitely fossilized skin. The integument includes large overlapping scutate scales along the tail and tuberculate scales around the neck and thorax markedly different from the scale pattern described in other iguanodontians. Remarkably, these scales are interspersed with cutaneous spikes preserved at the cellular level. Tomographic and histological analyses reveal a hollow, cylindrical structure composed of a cornified stratum corneum overlying a pluristratified epidermis with keratinocytes preserved to the level of nuclei, surrounding a porous central dermal pulp. These spikes differ structurally from known protofeathers in non-avian dinosaurs and scaly spines in extant squamates, suggesting a distinct evolutionary origin. Their morphology and distribution imply a primary role in predator deterrence, with potential secondary functions in thermoregulation or mechanoreception. This discovery provides unprecedented insight into the microanatomy of non-avian dinosaur skin and highlights the complexity of skin evolution in ornithischian dinosaurs. A juvenile iguanodontian from the Lower Cretaceous of China preserves both spikes and scales in its skin that are different from integumentary structures in either non-avian dinosaurs or extant squamates and may have had a defensive function.
来自中国东北下白垩纪的一种新的禽龙类恐龙，浩龙东i gen. et sp. nov.，其近乎完整且关节清晰的骨架保存了精致的皮肤化石。被毛包括沿尾巴重叠的大鳞片和颈部和胸部周围的结核状鳞片，与其他禽龙的鳞片模式明显不同。值得注意的是，这些鳞片散布着保存在细胞水平的皮刺。断层扫描和组织学分析显示一个中空的圆柱形结构，由角质层组成，角质层覆盖在多层表皮上，角质形成细胞保存到细胞核的水平，围绕着多孔的中央真皮髓。这些尖刺在结构上不同于已知的非鸟类恐龙的原羽毛和现存鳞片动物的鳞状刺，这表明它们有不同的进化起源。它们的形态和分布暗示了它们在捕食者威慑中的主要作用，在温度调节或机械接收中具有潜在的次要功能。这一发现为非鸟类恐龙皮肤的微观解剖提供了前所未有的见解，并突出了鸟颈目恐龙皮肤进化的复杂性。
{"title":"Cellular-level preservation of cutaneous spikes in an Early Cretaceous iguanodontian dinosaur","authors":"Jiandong Huang, Wenhao Wu, Lei Mao, Filippo Bertozzo, Danielle Dhouailly, Ninon Robin, Michael Pittman, Thomas G. Kaye, Fabio Manucci, Xuezhi He, Xuri Wang, Pascal Godefroit","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02960-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-025-02960-9","url":null,"abstract":"The near-complete and articulated skeleton of a new iguanodontian dinosaur, Haolong dongi gen. et sp. nov., from the Lower Cretaceous of northeastern China, preserves exquisitely fossilized skin. The integument includes large overlapping scutate scales along the tail and tuberculate scales around the neck and thorax markedly different from the scale pattern described in other iguanodontians. Remarkably, these scales are interspersed with cutaneous spikes preserved at the cellular level. Tomographic and histological analyses reveal a hollow, cylindrical structure composed of a cornified stratum corneum overlying a pluristratified epidermis with keratinocytes preserved to the level of nuclei, surrounding a porous central dermal pulp. These spikes differ structurally from known protofeathers in non-avian dinosaurs and scaly spines in extant squamates, suggesting a distinct evolutionary origin. Their morphology and distribution imply a primary role in predator deterrence, with potential secondary functions in thermoregulation or mechanoreception. This discovery provides unprecedented insight into the microanatomy of non-avian dinosaur skin and highlights the complexity of skin evolution in ornithischian dinosaurs. A juvenile iguanodontian from the Lower Cretaceous of China preserves both spikes and scales in its skin that are different from integumentary structures in either non-avian dinosaurs or extant squamates and may have had a defensive function.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 2","pages":"203-210"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146132547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02963-6
Luiz A. Domeignoz-Horta
Integrating observational datasets and model simulations of soil organic carbon reveals not only that growth rate outperforms carbon use efficiency as a microbial predictor, but also that models underestimate the role of abiotic controls.
{"title":"Discrepancies between observations and models highlight how to improve predictions","authors":"Luiz A. Domeignoz-Horta","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02963-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-025-02963-6","url":null,"abstract":"Integrating observational datasets and model simulations of soil organic carbon reveals not only that growth rate outperforms carbon use efficiency as a microbial predictor, but also that models underestimate the role of abiotic controls.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 2","pages":"169-171"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-025-02963-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146132544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02961-8
Xianjin He, Gaëlle Marmasse, Junxi Hu, Rebecca M. Varney, Stefano Manzoni, Philippe Ciais, Ying-Ping Wang, Yongxing Cui, Edith Bai, Rose Z. Abramoff, Elsa Abs, Erik Schwarz, Haicheng Zhang, Daniel S. Goll
The extent to which microbial processes control soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics remains uncertain. Carbon use efficiency (CUE), that is, the fraction of assimilated carbon allocated to growth, has been used as a key parameter but its relationship with SOC reflects carbon partitioning rather than the absolute magnitude of microbial fluxes. The microbial growth rate could provide a more mechanistic link to SOC accumulation because it quantifies biomass production and reflects necromass formation. Here we combine a global ¹⁸O–H2O dataset (n = 268 paired observations) with outputs from four land surface models to test whether growth rate predicts SOC more strongly than CUE. In the incubation experiments, growth rates are more closely associated with SOC than CUE, although soil properties and climate explain equal or greater variance. Models reproduce the stronger role of growth rate over CUE but tend to underestimate the abiotic controls. The models also emphasize CUE as the main predictor of the SOC-to-net primary production ratio, in contrast to observations, which indicates the soil’s capacity to retain plant carbon inputs. Together, these findings identify the microbial growth rate as a diagnostic that can help bridge models with empirical data and guide a more balanced representation of microbial and mineral controls in SOC projections. Microbial carbon use efficiency is a strong predictor of soil organic carbon stocks. Here the authors reveal that the microbial growth rate is a more reliable and informative predictor, and that modelling approaches tend to overemphasize the role of biotic over abiotic controls compared to empirical data.
{"title":"Microbial growth rate is a stronger predictor of soil organic carbon than carbon use efficiency","authors":"Xianjin He, Gaëlle Marmasse, Junxi Hu, Rebecca M. Varney, Stefano Manzoni, Philippe Ciais, Ying-Ping Wang, Yongxing Cui, Edith Bai, Rose Z. Abramoff, Elsa Abs, Erik Schwarz, Haicheng Zhang, Daniel S. Goll","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02961-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-025-02961-8","url":null,"abstract":"The extent to which microbial processes control soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics remains uncertain. Carbon use efficiency (CUE), that is, the fraction of assimilated carbon allocated to growth, has been used as a key parameter but its relationship with SOC reflects carbon partitioning rather than the absolute magnitude of microbial fluxes. The microbial growth rate could provide a more mechanistic link to SOC accumulation because it quantifies biomass production and reflects necromass formation. Here we combine a global ¹⁸O–H2O dataset (n = 268 paired observations) with outputs from four land surface models to test whether growth rate predicts SOC more strongly than CUE. In the incubation experiments, growth rates are more closely associated with SOC than CUE, although soil properties and climate explain equal or greater variance. Models reproduce the stronger role of growth rate over CUE but tend to underestimate the abiotic controls. The models also emphasize CUE as the main predictor of the SOC-to-net primary production ratio, in contrast to observations, which indicates the soil’s capacity to retain plant carbon inputs. Together, these findings identify the microbial growth rate as a diagnostic that can help bridge models with empirical data and guide a more balanced representation of microbial and mineral controls in SOC projections. Microbial carbon use efficiency is a strong predictor of soil organic carbon stocks. Here the authors reveal that the microbial growth rate is a more reliable and informative predictor, and that modelling approaches tend to overemphasize the role of biotic over abiotic controls compared to empirical data.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 2","pages":"372-381"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146132541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-03DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02969-0
Pierre Simon Garcia, Valerie De Anda, Brett J. Baker, Simonetta Gribaldo, Guillaume Borrel
The regulation of redox balance and energy conservation is fundamental to life and relies on a large evolutionary network of oxidoreductases forming homologous protein complexes, collectively termed HORBEC (homologous oxidoreductase complexes involved in redox balance and energy conservation). These include hydrogenases, respiratory complex I and electron-bifurcating complexes, central to respiration, fermentation and methanogenesis. Despite their crucial role, a comprehensive investigation of the diversity and evolutionary history of HORBEC has been lacking. Here we exhaustively identified and analysed over 50 protein families representing all HORBEC components across thousands of bacterial and archaeal genomes. We propose a unified nomenclature and classification encompassing 31 complexes and provide an annotation tool. We highlight the extensive diversity of HORBEC, especially in Archaea. We provide information on overlooked systems and identify a new one probably acting as a cation transport platform. We show that HORBEC originated via extensive tinkering of ancestral modules, driven by strong evolutionary constraints. Finally, we infer the presence of respiratory complex I in the last universal common ancestor, opening questions on its potential role in early energy metabolisms. This work provides an evolutionary framework for HORBEC, representing a fundamental resource to predict and study redox metabolisms of ecological and biotechnological significance.
{"title":"Evolution and diversity of oxidoreductases involved in redox balance and energy conservation","authors":"Pierre Simon Garcia, Valerie De Anda, Brett J. Baker, Simonetta Gribaldo, Guillaume Borrel","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02969-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02969-0","url":null,"abstract":"The regulation of redox balance and energy conservation is fundamental to life and relies on a large evolutionary network of oxidoreductases forming homologous protein complexes, collectively termed HORBEC (homologous oxidoreductase complexes involved in redox balance and energy conservation). These include hydrogenases, respiratory complex I and electron-bifurcating complexes, central to respiration, fermentation and methanogenesis. Despite their crucial role, a comprehensive investigation of the diversity and evolutionary history of HORBEC has been lacking. Here we exhaustively identified and analysed over 50 protein families representing all HORBEC components across thousands of bacterial and archaeal genomes. We propose a unified nomenclature and classification encompassing 31 complexes and provide an annotation tool. We highlight the extensive diversity of HORBEC, especially in Archaea. We provide information on overlooked systems and identify a new one probably acting as a cation transport platform. We show that HORBEC originated via extensive tinkering of ancestral modules, driven by strong evolutionary constraints. Finally, we infer the presence of respiratory complex I in the last universal common ancestor, opening questions on its potential role in early energy metabolisms. This work provides an evolutionary framework for HORBEC, representing a fundamental resource to predict and study redox metabolisms of ecological and biotechnological significance.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria contribute to nearly half of global nitrogen loss. However, the driving force responsible for the origin of anammox bacteria remains poorly understood. Here we show that anammox bacteria can oxidize ammonium to N2 for growth using photoholes-the positive charge carriers generated from photosensitizers-potentially supporting their origin. Such photoholes could have been generated in sunlit benthic environments by cyanobacterial mats and semiconducting minerals under the intense solar radiation of the Late Archaean (3.0-2.5 billion years ago). Moreover, cyanobacterial mats absorbed harmful short-wavelength light for anammox bacteria, while allowing longer-wavelength infrared light to penetrate. Light-driven enrichment of nitrite-reductase-deficient anammox bacteria in long-term-cultured cyanobacterial mats, DNA stable-isotope probing and evolutionary analysis collectively suggest that the ancestral anammox bacteria tended to be photoelectrotrophic instead of nitrite-dependent. Our discovery provides a paradigm shift in our understanding of the origin of ammonium oxidation and may explain the nitrogen loss on early Earth.
{"title":"Photoholes within cyanobacterial mats can account for the origin of anammox bacteria and ancient nitrogen loss.","authors":"Lingrui Kong,Ru Zheng,Jinnan Feng,Yiming Feng,Baiyizhuo Chen,Yimin Mao,Jiangwei Wang,Kuo Zhang,Ansheng Cheng,Sitong Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41559-026-02976-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-026-02976-9","url":null,"abstract":"Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria contribute to nearly half of global nitrogen loss. However, the driving force responsible for the origin of anammox bacteria remains poorly understood. Here we show that anammox bacteria can oxidize ammonium to N2 for growth using photoholes-the positive charge carriers generated from photosensitizers-potentially supporting their origin. Such photoholes could have been generated in sunlit benthic environments by cyanobacterial mats and semiconducting minerals under the intense solar radiation of the Late Archaean (3.0-2.5 billion years ago). Moreover, cyanobacterial mats absorbed harmful short-wavelength light for anammox bacteria, while allowing longer-wavelength infrared light to penetrate. Light-driven enrichment of nitrite-reductase-deficient anammox bacteria in long-term-cultured cyanobacterial mats, DNA stable-isotope probing and evolutionary analysis collectively suggest that the ancestral anammox bacteria tended to be photoelectrotrophic instead of nitrite-dependent. Our discovery provides a paradigm shift in our understanding of the origin of ammonium oxidation and may explain the nitrogen loss on early Earth.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146089038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02972-5
Martina Dal Bello
{"title":"From death comes diversity","authors":"Martina Dal Bello","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02972-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02972-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146089500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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