F. Donoso, C. Burgos, A. Watson, J. Clare, M. Sumner, R. Cárdenas
This paper presents a novel control strategy for the cascaded MMC for drive applications. The injection of high frequency circulating currents along with high frequency common-mode voltage is a frequent control strategy for the MMC in drive applications. However, this approach induces a voltage across the machine shaft and it will shorten the lifespan of the machine bearings. This paper proposes a novel control strategy to cancel the common-mode voltage seen by the machine using the cascaded MMC. Simulations results are presented to show the performance of the proposed controller.
{"title":"Cascaded Modular Multilevel Converter for drive applications with zero common-mode voltage","authors":"F. Donoso, C. Burgos, A. Watson, J. Clare, M. Sumner, R. Cárdenas","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.1119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1119","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel control strategy for the cascaded MMC for drive applications. The injection of high frequency circulating currents along with high frequency common-mode voltage is a frequent control strategy for the MMC in drive applications. However, this approach induces a voltage across the machine shaft and it will shorten the lifespan of the machine bearings. This paper proposes a novel control strategy to cancel the common-mode voltage seen by the machine using the cascaded MMC. Simulations results are presented to show the performance of the proposed controller.","PeriodicalId":188371,"journal":{"name":"The 10th International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2020)","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116593037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Liu, Z. Zhu, Z. Wu, D. Stone, M. Foster, M. Odavic, A. Griffo, G. Li
{"title":"SENSORLESS CONTROL FOR PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE DRIVES CONSIDERING RESISTANCE ASYMMETRY","authors":"T. Liu, Z. Zhu, Z. Wu, D. Stone, M. Foster, M. Odavic, A. Griffo, G. Li","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.0991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.0991","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":188371,"journal":{"name":"The 10th International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2020)","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115722831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Turn to turn insulation breakdowns are often identified as a primary cause of stator-related failures in rotating electrical machines. However, it is not the interturn short circuit in itself which causes the machine outage, but rather the localised increment in temperature in proximity of the affected turns. If the fault is not promptly detected, the latter can quickly trigger a chain reaction, which eventually degenerates in the puncturing of the interphase or the ground-wall insulation systems. If a machine is designed with features for fault-tolerance, then, a physical and galvanic separation is guaranteed among different phases. Thus, a temperature increment caused by an interturn breakdown is most likely to affect the phase to ground insulation. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation, whose aim is relating the winding hot-spot temperature with the time to failure caused by a phase to ground short circuit.
{"title":"Phase to ground insulation in low voltage machines: lifetime evaluation under enhanced thermal stress","authors":"V. Madonna, P. Giangrande, M. Galea","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.1128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1128","url":null,"abstract":"Turn to turn insulation breakdowns are often identified as a primary cause of stator-related failures in rotating electrical machines. However, it is not the interturn short circuit in itself which causes the machine outage, but rather the localised increment in temperature in proximity of the affected turns. If the fault is not promptly detected, the latter can quickly trigger a chain reaction, which eventually degenerates in the puncturing of the interphase or the ground-wall insulation systems. If a machine is designed with features for fault-tolerance, then, a physical and galvanic separation is guaranteed among different phases. Thus, a temperature increment caused by an interturn breakdown is most likely to affect the phase to ground insulation. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation, whose aim is relating the winding hot-spot temperature with the time to failure caused by a phase to ground short circuit.","PeriodicalId":188371,"journal":{"name":"The 10th International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2020)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123059501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the development of SoC technology, the integration of FPGA+ARM has become the development direction of SoC. For the characteristics of integrated multi-axis motion control and motor drive, this paper selects Xilinx ZYNQ-7020 System-onchip (SOC) with integrated dual-core ARM CPU and FPGA as the hardware platform control chip, an arm core motor drive algorithm. Another ARM core completes the interactive function and motion control, and the FPGA to complete the multi-axis hardware current loop and improve the system bandwidth. The iterative learning control (ILC) technology is widely used in robots to reduce the trajectory error of robots performing repetitive tasks. Using P-type iterative learning ILC combined with feedback control , which can compensate for nonrepeating disturbance. Finally, analysis of experimental results shows that iterative learning control combined with feedback control can significantly improve tracking accuracy.
{"title":"Iterative learning Control of Trajectory Tracking of Robot Manipulator Based the SoC Platform Integrated Motor Drive and Motion Control","authors":"Y. Sun, M. Yang, Y. Chen, Q. Ni, D. Xu","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.1191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1191","url":null,"abstract":"With the development of SoC technology, the integration of FPGA+ARM has become the development direction of SoC. For the characteristics of integrated multi-axis motion control and motor drive, this paper selects Xilinx ZYNQ-7020 System-onchip (SOC) with integrated dual-core ARM CPU and FPGA as the hardware platform control chip, an arm core motor drive algorithm. Another ARM core completes the interactive function and motion control, and the FPGA to complete the multi-axis hardware current loop and improve the system bandwidth. The iterative learning control (ILC) technology is widely used in robots to reduce the trajectory error of robots performing repetitive tasks. Using P-type iterative learning ILC combined with feedback control , which can compensate for nonrepeating disturbance. Finally, analysis of experimental results shows that iterative learning control combined with feedback control can significantly improve tracking accuracy.","PeriodicalId":188371,"journal":{"name":"The 10th International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2020)","volume":"544 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123092835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiahao Chen, Ashad Farhan, M. Johnson, E. Severson
Bearingless motors have zero mechanical loss and no-contact operation, making them a compelling technology for high speed, high reliability applications, such as industrial compressors. However, currently published demonstrations of bearingless motors have been limited to low power levels (≤30 kW). This paper investigates the use of a “no voltage” combined motor winding to overcome performance challenges and enable the development of a medium power, high speed bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motor (BPMSM). An optimization framework is developed and used to explore the design space for several designs with different slot and pole numbers. It is shown that candidate designs achieve > 95% efficiency while requiring < 5% of the slot space for suspension current.
{"title":"Design of Bearingless Permanent Magnet Motors Using No Voltage CombinedWindings","authors":"Jiahao Chen, Ashad Farhan, M. Johnson, E. Severson","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.1116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1116","url":null,"abstract":"Bearingless motors have zero mechanical loss and no-contact operation, making them a compelling technology for high speed, high reliability applications, such as industrial compressors. However, currently published demonstrations of bearingless motors have been limited to low power levels (≤30 kW). This paper investigates the use of a “no voltage” combined motor winding to overcome performance challenges and enable the development of a medium power, high speed bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motor (BPMSM). An optimization framework is developed and used to explore the design space for several designs with different slot and pole numbers. It is shown that candidate designs achieve > 95% efficiency while requiring < 5% of the slot space for suspension current.","PeriodicalId":188371,"journal":{"name":"The 10th International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2020)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115389683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Khanaki, Geoffrey R Walker, M. Broadmeadow, G. Ledwich
The concept of modularizing batteries with multiple dedicated DC-DC or DC-AC converters brings several benefits as compared to a single battery pack and converter. These include charge balancing control, enhanced reliability, improved safety, and lower investment risk. Lower voltage and power ratings of power electronic converter elements may also be beneficial, but require optimization. The system design might favour fewer battery power modules (BPMs) with a high number of battery cells and higher voltage power electronic switches, or many BPMs with fewer cells with low voltage switches. This paper examines the optimization and other practical trade-offs associated with the selection of the voltage rating of battery power modules (BPMs) in a battery-integrated-converter system from an efficiency perspective. A nominal 3.8 kW battery system with LiFePO4 battery cells is taken as an example, and modularized with integrated buck converters for a regulated 380 Vdc bus. Based on MOSFET and thus module voltage rating (30, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 150 V), different configurations are derived. The MOSFET and inductor losses of different configurations are examined for high and low working frequencies. The total system losses of all scenarios does not exceed 52 W, for both high and low working frequencies. However, configurations with a high number of lower voltage modules have the advantage of lower MOSFET loss, which should simplify cooling.
{"title":"IMPACT OF MODULE VOLTAGE ON EFFICIENCY OF BATTERY-INTEGRATED-CONVERTER SYSTEMS","authors":"R. Khanaki, Geoffrey R Walker, M. Broadmeadow, G. Ledwich","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.1054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1054","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of modularizing batteries with multiple dedicated DC-DC or DC-AC converters brings several benefits as compared to a single battery pack and converter. These include charge balancing control, enhanced reliability, improved safety, and lower investment risk. Lower voltage and power ratings of power electronic converter elements may also be beneficial, but require optimization. The system design might favour fewer battery power modules (BPMs) with a high number of battery cells and higher voltage power electronic switches, or many BPMs with fewer cells with low voltage switches. This paper examines the optimization and other practical trade-offs associated with the selection of the voltage rating of battery power modules (BPMs) in a battery-integrated-converter system from an efficiency perspective. A nominal 3.8 kW battery system with LiFePO4 battery cells is taken as an example, and modularized with integrated buck converters for a regulated 380 Vdc bus. Based on MOSFET and thus module voltage rating (30, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 150 V), different configurations are derived. The MOSFET and inductor losses of different configurations are examined for high and low working frequencies. The total system losses of all scenarios does not exceed 52 W, for both high and low working frequencies. However, configurations with a high number of lower voltage modules have the advantage of lower MOSFET loss, which should simplify cooling.","PeriodicalId":188371,"journal":{"name":"The 10th International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2020)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129640619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper investigates a simple and cost-effective phase current measurement technique for a three-phase switched reluctance motor (SRM), considering its independent phase current control and fault diagnosis of power converter. Unlike conventional current measurement methods, only two current sensors are utilized in such a way that one is installed in the upper bus, and the other is placed in the lower dc-bus to measure the bus currents. In order to extract the phase currents from the measured bus currents, switching functions are rearranged such that during single active region the upper switches chop, while the lower switches remain closed during the phase turn-on region. During commutation region, the upper switches of the incoming phase will remain closed, while the lower switches will perform the chopping function. However, the outgoing phase will observe the same switching function as that of single active region. Furthermore, utilizing the same two sensors without additional devices, the typical open-and short-circuit faults of power diodes are analyzed. Thorough simulations are carried out on a three-phase 12/8 SRM to validate the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
{"title":"A COST-EFFECTIVE BUS-CURRENT DETECTION TECHNIQUE FOR CURRENT CONTROL AND FAULT DIAGNOSIS OF POWER DIODES IN SRM DRIVES","authors":"N. Ali, Q. Gao, K. Ma","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.0979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.0979","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates a simple and cost-effective phase current measurement technique for a three-phase switched reluctance motor (SRM), considering its independent phase current control and fault diagnosis of power converter. Unlike conventional current measurement methods, only two current sensors are utilized in such a way that one is installed in the upper bus, and the other is placed in the lower dc-bus to measure the bus currents. In order to extract the phase currents from the measured bus currents, switching functions are rearranged such that during single active region the upper switches chop, while the lower switches remain closed during the phase turn-on region. During commutation region, the upper switches of the incoming phase will remain closed, while the lower switches will perform the chopping function. However, the outgoing phase will observe the same switching function as that of single active region. Furthermore, utilizing the same two sensors without additional devices, the typical open-and short-circuit faults of power diodes are analyzed. Thorough simulations are carried out on a three-phase 12/8 SRM to validate the effectiveness of the proposed technique.","PeriodicalId":188371,"journal":{"name":"The 10th International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2020)","volume":"120 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128691076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Raghuram, A. Kumar, P. N. Kumar, M. Reza, S. Singh, C. Wang, K. A. Jaafari
Multilevel ultra sparse matrix converter is a condensed form of multilevel indirect matrix converter for unidirectional power flow operation. The main feature of this converter delivers quality of input and output waveforms using reduced size of input low pass filter elements. The major limitation of this converter is voltage gain and number of power devices used. To overcome this limitations, two new topologies are proposed in this paper. Moreover modulation technique required to operate the proposed converter is also discussed. To validate the proof of concept for proposed converter, MATLAB simulation has been performed.
{"title":"SVM based multilevel Z source matrix converter with reduced power devices","authors":"M. Raghuram, A. Kumar, P. N. Kumar, M. Reza, S. Singh, C. Wang, K. A. Jaafari","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.1131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1131","url":null,"abstract":"Multilevel ultra sparse matrix converter is a condensed form of multilevel indirect matrix converter for unidirectional power flow operation. The main feature of this converter delivers quality of input and output waveforms using reduced size of input low pass filter elements. The major limitation of this converter is voltage gain and number of power devices used. To overcome this limitations, two new topologies are proposed in this paper. Moreover modulation technique required to operate the proposed converter is also discussed. To validate the proof of concept for proposed converter, MATLAB simulation has been performed.","PeriodicalId":188371,"journal":{"name":"The 10th International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2020)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128654250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The hybrid modular multilevel converter (MMC) consisting of half- and full-bridge submodules (SMs), with DC fault ride-through capability, have become a promising candidate for offshore DC wind turbines. However, previous methods only focus on the MMC with fixed number of SMs, without considering the impact of power loss on cost. Therefore, the optimal topology could not be proposed at the initial design stage. This paper presents optimization method of topology for hybrid MMC with reliability and cost objectives, in which the reliability is defined to be not only reliable under normal operation, but also able to ride through DC fault even with faulted SMs. Firstly, considering active redundancy configuration, the reliability and cost model with power loss are established. Then, taking a 10-MW and 10-kV hybrid MMC in offshore wind turbines for example, the influences of original and redundant SMs on reliability and cost are analyzed. Finally, a multi-objective optimization model that regards higher reliability and lower cost is built, and the compromise is selected from the Pareto-optimal solutions according to fuzzy membership function, which derives the optimal topology of hybrid MMC.
{"title":"Optimization Method of Topology for Hybrid Modular Multilevel Converter in Offshore Wind Turbines","authors":"X. Xie, H. Li, A. McDonald","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.1022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1022","url":null,"abstract":"The hybrid modular multilevel converter (MMC) consisting of half- and full-bridge submodules (SMs), with DC fault ride-through capability, have become a promising candidate for offshore DC wind turbines. However, previous methods only focus on the MMC with fixed number of SMs, without considering the impact of power loss on cost. Therefore, the optimal topology could not be proposed at the initial design stage. This paper presents optimization method of topology for hybrid MMC with reliability and cost objectives, in which the reliability is defined to be not only reliable under normal operation, but also able to ride through DC fault even with faulted SMs. Firstly, considering active redundancy configuration, the reliability and cost model with power loss are established. Then, taking a 10-MW and 10-kV hybrid MMC in offshore wind turbines for example, the influences of original and redundant SMs on reliability and cost are analyzed. Finally, a multi-objective optimization model that regards higher reliability and lower cost is built, and the compromise is selected from the Pareto-optimal solutions according to fuzzy membership function, which derives the optimal topology of hybrid MMC.","PeriodicalId":188371,"journal":{"name":"The 10th International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2020)","volume":"2020 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130164162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the performance of a search-based sensorless position observer with high frequency pulsating injection under dynamic speed and load conditions in the low to zero speed region. The search-based estimation uses pre-commissioned look-up tables, which map the high-frequency current amplitudes to the mechanical rotor position and are used in the sensorless estimation of the rotor position and speed. The paper investigates the variation in these look-up tables as a function of iq-current and rotor speed. An innovative saliency shift compensation is presented to allow operation at different rotor speeds without requiring additional commissioning. Rotor position estimation results for zero, forward, and reverse speed operation for a sensorless current-controlled PMSM are presented.
{"title":"SEARCH-BASED PMSM LOW AND ZERO SPEED ESTIMATION WITH SALIENCY SHIFT COMPENSATION","authors":"K. Scicluna, C. Spiteri Staines, R. Raute","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.0946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.0946","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the performance of a search-based sensorless position observer with high frequency pulsating injection under dynamic speed and load conditions in the low to zero speed region. The search-based estimation uses pre-commissioned look-up tables, which map the high-frequency current amplitudes to the mechanical rotor position and are used in the sensorless estimation of the rotor position and speed. The paper investigates the variation in these look-up tables as a function of iq-current and rotor speed. An innovative saliency shift compensation is presented to allow operation at different rotor speeds without requiring additional commissioning. Rotor position estimation results for zero, forward, and reverse speed operation for a sensorless current-controlled PMSM are presented.","PeriodicalId":188371,"journal":{"name":"The 10th International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2020)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126301146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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