Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5455/njppp.2023.13.02101202313052023
R. M, Haritha Cherukupalli, P. Panchaksharimath, Archana Shivanna
{"title":"Prescribing patterns of analgesics and antimicrobials in orthopedics department at a tertiary care hospital","authors":"R. M, Haritha Cherukupalli, P. Panchaksharimath, Archana Shivanna","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.02101202313052023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.02101202313052023","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88120731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5455/njppp.2023.13.12582202210012023
Parvinder Singh, Abhaydeep Singh, D. Sahni, Sajeev Bhagat, R. kaur, Amandeep Kaur
Background: Nose and paranasal sinuses have wide range of anatomical variations that are best diagnosed by the computed tomography (CT) and diagnostic nasal endoscopic examination. Aims and Objectives: This cross-sectional study was done to evaluate the incidence of anatomical variations in patients of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and its correlation with these anatomical variations. Materials and Methods: One hundred subjects attending the outpatient department of ENT at Rajindra Hospital, Patiala, were enrolled in the study. These subjects were diagnosed to have CRS (with either one major, two minor, or two major symptoms of CRS according to the TASK FORCE criteria). All patients were assessed using diagnostic nasal endoscopic examination and CT scan. Results: The anatomical variation that was found to be significant in the causation of CRS was deviated nasal septum (P = 0.042) and concha bullosa (P = 0.0003), which were highly significant. Conclusion: In the present study, correlation between deviated nasal septum and concha bullosa with CRS was significant statistically.
{"title":"A study of sinonasal anatomy and its variations in chronic rhinosinusitis patients","authors":"Parvinder Singh, Abhaydeep Singh, D. Sahni, Sajeev Bhagat, R. kaur, Amandeep Kaur","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.12582202210012023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.12582202210012023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nose and paranasal sinuses have wide range of anatomical variations that are best diagnosed by the computed tomography (CT) and diagnostic nasal endoscopic examination. Aims and Objectives: This cross-sectional study was done to evaluate the incidence of anatomical variations in patients of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and its correlation with these anatomical variations. Materials and Methods: One hundred subjects attending the outpatient department of ENT at Rajindra Hospital, Patiala, were enrolled in the study. These subjects were diagnosed to have CRS (with either one major, two minor, or two major symptoms of CRS according to the TASK FORCE criteria). All patients were assessed using diagnostic nasal endoscopic examination and CT scan. Results: The anatomical variation that was found to be significant in the causation of CRS was deviated nasal septum (P = 0.042) and concha bullosa (P = 0.0003), which were highly significant. Conclusion: In the present study, correlation between deviated nasal septum and concha bullosa with CRS was significant statistically.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88125601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03110202312032023
A. Shah, B. Patel, Parshwa Naik, Chirag Chakravarti, Ujwal Jain, Sonal Goyal, Princee Patel, Mothiganesh G
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is heterogeneous lung condition presenting with chronic respiratory symptoms. Pathogenesis of the disease process includes exposure to noxious particles and gases starting accelerated inflammation. Individual genetic make-up and environmental factors play role in disease process. COPD shows persistent airflow limitation affecting airways and alveoli. They can be affected individually or at the same time. Hence, each patient experiences COPD as a different amalgamation of bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and emphysema. We set to find out individualized clinical profiles in COPD for same reason. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to build a clinical and spirometric profile of diagnosed COPD patients presenting to a tertiary health care center in Vadodara. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of records 425 COPD patients was conducted. Relevant clinical data were collected from excel sheet along with spirometric findings. Results: Average age of presentation was 58.10 years. Lowest age was 40 years. Out of 425 patients, 352 (82%) were males and 73 (18%) were females. Out of total, 263 (62%) were smokers and 162 (38%) non-smokers. Most common presenting symptom was cough with expectoration in 423 (99.5%) patients followed by breathlessness in 412 (96.9%), fever in 148 (34.8%), and pedal edema in 38 (8.9%). Average forced expiratory volume in 1s at presentation was 43.27 L/min. Out of total admissions, 61 (14.3%) were classified as very severe, 249 (58.5%) as severe, and 115 (27%) as moderate according to COPD Global initiative for obstructive lung diseases severity classification. Conclusion: COPD is considered as disease of old age and associated with smoking, our study showed more than one-fourth of the population as non-smoker. To avoid under-diagnosis, COPD should be considered in younger age group and non-smokers.
{"title":"Clinicospirometric profile of COPD patients presenting to tertiary care center in Vadodara, Gujarat","authors":"A. Shah, B. Patel, Parshwa Naik, Chirag Chakravarti, Ujwal Jain, Sonal Goyal, Princee Patel, Mothiganesh G","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03110202312032023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.03110202312032023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is heterogeneous lung condition presenting with chronic respiratory symptoms. Pathogenesis of the disease process includes exposure to noxious particles and gases starting accelerated inflammation. Individual genetic make-up and environmental factors play role in disease process. COPD shows persistent airflow limitation affecting airways and alveoli. They can be affected individually or at the same time. Hence, each patient experiences COPD as a different amalgamation of bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and emphysema. We set to find out individualized clinical profiles in COPD for same reason. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to build a clinical and spirometric profile of diagnosed COPD patients presenting to a tertiary health care center in Vadodara. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of records 425 COPD patients was conducted. Relevant clinical data were collected from excel sheet along with spirometric findings. Results: Average age of presentation was 58.10 years. Lowest age was 40 years. Out of 425 patients, 352 (82%) were males and 73 (18%) were females. Out of total, 263 (62%) were smokers and 162 (38%) non-smokers. Most common presenting symptom was cough with expectoration in 423 (99.5%) patients followed by breathlessness in 412 (96.9%), fever in 148 (34.8%), and pedal edema in 38 (8.9%). Average forced expiratory volume in 1s at presentation was 43.27 L/min. Out of total admissions, 61 (14.3%) were classified as very severe, 249 (58.5%) as severe, and 115 (27%) as moderate according to COPD Global initiative for obstructive lung diseases severity classification. Conclusion: COPD is considered as disease of old age and associated with smoking, our study showed more than one-fourth of the population as non-smoker. To avoid under-diagnosis, COPD should be considered in younger age group and non-smokers.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87920115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5455/njppp.2023.13.07377202322782023
Abhishek Verma, S. Shete
Background: The field of medical education is constantly evolving to meet the demands of an ever-changing health-care landscape. To address the dynamic challenges faced by medical professionals, medical colleges across the globe are adopting innovative and comprehensive approaches to curriculum design. One such approach that has gained significant attention is the attitude, ethics, and communication (AETCOM) based medical curriculum, which emphasizes developing not only clinical knowledge and technical skills but also ethical values, empathetic communication, and a patient-centric approach among medical students. Aim and Objective: This study aims to record the perceptions of medical students and faculties regarding the effectiveness of AETCOM modules. Materials and Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study performed in October 2022 where a pre-validated questionnaire consisting of components of AETCOM was e-mailed to the 1st-year MBBS students of Jhalawar Medical College and teaching faculties of Jhalawar Medical College through Google Forms. The results were analyzed by statistics is a statistical software suite 23.0 (trail version) and the Chi-square test was used for data analysis and P < 0.05 is considered significant. Results: About 95% of students have positive perceptions regarding the mandatory inclusion of AETCOM competencies. However, only 73.3% of faculties have positive perceptions regarding the mandatory inclusion of AETCOM competencies and 26.7% completely disagree with the beneficial role of mandatory inclusion of AETCOM competencies in competency-based medical education curriculum. Conclusions: A hybrid problem-oriented approach is one of the most effective ways for students to promote communication skills, in building doctor-patient relationships and understanding the professional qualities and roles of a physician.
{"title":"Perceptions of 1st-year MBBS students and 1st-year medical faculties toward AETCOM-based medical curriculum","authors":"Abhishek Verma, S. Shete","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.07377202322782023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.07377202322782023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The field of medical education is constantly evolving to meet the demands of an ever-changing health-care landscape. To address the dynamic challenges faced by medical professionals, medical colleges across the globe are adopting innovative and comprehensive approaches to curriculum design. One such approach that has gained significant attention is the attitude, ethics, and communication (AETCOM) based medical curriculum, which emphasizes developing not only clinical knowledge and technical skills but also ethical values, empathetic communication, and a patient-centric approach among medical students. Aim and Objective: This study aims to record the perceptions of medical students and faculties regarding the effectiveness of AETCOM modules. Materials and Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study performed in October 2022 where a pre-validated questionnaire consisting of components of AETCOM was e-mailed to the 1st-year MBBS students of Jhalawar Medical College and teaching faculties of Jhalawar Medical College through Google Forms. The results were analyzed by statistics is a statistical software suite 23.0 (trail version) and the Chi-square test was used for data analysis and P < 0.05 is considered significant. Results: About 95% of students have positive perceptions regarding the mandatory inclusion of AETCOM competencies. However, only 73.3% of faculties have positive perceptions regarding the mandatory inclusion of AETCOM competencies and 26.7% completely disagree with the beneficial role of mandatory inclusion of AETCOM competencies in competency-based medical education curriculum. Conclusions: A hybrid problem-oriented approach is one of the most effective ways for students to promote communication skills, in building doctor-patient relationships and understanding the professional qualities and roles of a physician.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89075924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5455/njppp.2023.13.12592202225122022
Sandipbhai Patel, V. Gaikwad, B. Suroshe, Harshal M. Mahajan
Background: COVID-19 infection is a major health pandemic all over world started in 2019. Due to respiratory tract involvement, major number of patients required oxygen supplementation. Dedicated COVID hospitals and others required high burden of oxygen all over world. During first wave, oxygen supply management to main hospital building of our institute was by the central piped supply with cylinder manifold whereas during second wave, it was piped supply with 20 KL liquid medical oxygen (LMO) SYSTEM. Aims and Objectives: With this background, we decided to compare these both systems by questionnaire-based interview of healthcare worker and data evaluation. We planned to conduct this study with aim to compare effectiveness and ease of oxygen supply management with both these oxygen supply systems. Materials and Methods: We took questionnaire-based interviews of oxygen store people, intensive care unit, and ward in charge sisters and doctors and manpower working at oxygen supply systems. Results: Both systems of oxygen supply provided uninterrupted supply of oxygen during COVID outbreak with statistically significant less stress level of healthcare workers, good pressure constancy, less cost, and more ease of operability of LMO system. Conclusion: During daily high demand of oxygen, LMO system is superior than piped supply with cylinder manifold system.
{"title":"Retrospective evaluation and comparison of oxygen supply management with piped supply with cylinder manifold in first wave of COVID-19 against piped supply with liquid medical oxygen system in second wave of COVID-19","authors":"Sandipbhai Patel, V. Gaikwad, B. Suroshe, Harshal M. Mahajan","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.12592202225122022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.12592202225122022","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID-19 infection is a major health pandemic all over world started in 2019. Due to respiratory tract involvement, major number of patients required oxygen supplementation. Dedicated COVID hospitals and others required high burden of oxygen all over world. During first wave, oxygen supply management to main hospital building of our institute was by the central piped supply with cylinder manifold whereas during second wave, it was piped supply with 20 KL liquid medical oxygen (LMO) SYSTEM. Aims and Objectives: With this background, we decided to compare these both systems by questionnaire-based interview of healthcare worker and data evaluation. We planned to conduct this study with aim to compare effectiveness and ease of oxygen supply management with both these oxygen supply systems. Materials and Methods: We took questionnaire-based interviews of oxygen store people, intensive care unit, and ward in charge sisters and doctors and manpower working at oxygen supply systems. Results: Both systems of oxygen supply provided uninterrupted supply of oxygen during COVID outbreak with statistically significant less stress level of healthcare workers, good pressure constancy, less cost, and more ease of operability of LMO system. Conclusion: During daily high demand of oxygen, LMO system is superior than piped supply with cylinder manifold system.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79836610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5455/njppp.2023.13.07359202331072023
Rajitha Maddala, Kumar Pojala
Background: Basic life support (BLS) is crucial for ensuring that an individual can provide lifesaving care in an emergency. This can happen within 1 h. Either the heartbeat is insufficient to keep the person alive, or the heart stops functioning altogether. Knowledge of BLS is mandatory for medical professionals to save the lives of people around us. Aims and Objectives: The present study aimed evaluation of awareness toward BLS among the non-medical students such as engineering and master in business management students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Sri Sarathi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Nuzvid, Krishna Dist., Andhra Pradesh, India. The total number of participants was 684 in number. A printed questionnaire containing 15 questions was distributed to the students willing to participate. The data were collected and analyzed. Results: Among the 684 participants, 672 answered all the questions. Among them, the female participants are 60.0877%, and male participants are 39.9122%. Conclusion: Even 93% of people are aware that BLS can save the lives of people, but because of a lack of training, they are not coming forward.
{"title":"Evaluation of knowledge, awareness, and attitude toward basic life support among the non-medical students: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Rajitha Maddala, Kumar Pojala","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.07359202331072023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.07359202331072023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Basic life support (BLS) is crucial for ensuring that an individual can provide lifesaving care in an emergency. This can happen within 1 h. Either the heartbeat is insufficient to keep the person alive, or the heart stops functioning altogether. Knowledge of BLS is mandatory for medical professionals to save the lives of people around us. Aims and Objectives: The present study aimed evaluation of awareness toward BLS among the non-medical students such as engineering and master in business management students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Sri Sarathi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Nuzvid, Krishna Dist., Andhra Pradesh, India. The total number of participants was 684 in number. A printed questionnaire containing 15 questions was distributed to the students willing to participate. The data were collected and analyzed. Results: Among the 684 participants, 672 answered all the questions. Among them, the female participants are 60.0877%, and male participants are 39.9122%. Conclusion: Even 93% of people are aware that BLS can save the lives of people, but because of a lack of training, they are not coming forward.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88575391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5455/njppp.2023.13.05237202315052023
Suresh Malla, Venugopala Tanneru, V. S, L. N.
Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are important cause of morbidity and mortality. ADR reporting will help to identify and prevent ADR. However, lack of awareness and sensitization make it a difficult task. There is under reporting of ADR. Aims and Objectives: In our study, we tried to determine the practice, knowledge, attitude of ADR reporting in undergraduates, house surgeons, and post-graduates of our institute. Materials and Methods: It is a questionnaire-based study, a cross-sectional study. Questions are prepared, validated, and peer reviewed by the expert faculty of our institute. Questionnaire directly given to the candidate and taken back after 20 min. Statistical analyses are done using MS Excel sheet and SPSS 16, and mean values are tabulated and graphical representation done. Results: All are having good attitude and strongly believe that proper ADR reporting is very important and it improves the quality of health services. Knowledge levels are almost equal. Practicing skills were good in undergraduates. Conclusion: Due to implementation of practical exercise of recognize and report ADR for undergraduates as a part of CBME curriculum, we have seen a better practicing skills in undergraduates compared to house surgeons and post-graduates. Workshops and CMEs have to be conducted to improve sensitization.
{"title":"Practice, knowledge, and attitude about adverse drug reactions, adverse drug reaction reporting and pharmacovigilance among undergraduates, house surgeons, and post-graduates of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Andhra Pradesh – A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study","authors":"Suresh Malla, Venugopala Tanneru, V. S, L. N.","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.05237202315052023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.05237202315052023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are important cause of morbidity and mortality. ADR reporting will help to identify and prevent ADR. However, lack of awareness and sensitization make it a difficult task. There is under reporting of ADR. Aims and Objectives: In our study, we tried to determine the practice, knowledge, attitude of ADR reporting in undergraduates, house surgeons, and post-graduates of our institute. Materials and Methods: It is a questionnaire-based study, a cross-sectional study. Questions are prepared, validated, and peer reviewed by the expert faculty of our institute. Questionnaire directly given to the candidate and taken back after 20 min. Statistical analyses are done using MS Excel sheet and SPSS 16, and mean values are tabulated and graphical representation done. Results: All are having good attitude and strongly believe that proper ADR reporting is very important and it improves the quality of health services. Knowledge levels are almost equal. Practicing skills were good in undergraduates. Conclusion: Due to implementation of practical exercise of recognize and report ADR for undergraduates as a part of CBME curriculum, we have seen a better practicing skills in undergraduates compared to house surgeons and post-graduates. Workshops and CMEs have to be conducted to improve sensitization.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"15 S3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91420300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5455/njppp.2023.13.12603202227122022
Nirmalya Manna, Avishek Bhadra, Pratiti Panchanan, Pushpak Das, Debasis Das
Background: The increase in worldwide life expectancy among the elderly is contributing to an increase in cognitive impairment (CI). A more complicated etiology makes CI an essential clinical concern for elderly patients with depression. Ageing populations as a result of demographic change have accelerated the development of certain geriatric conditions, including CI and depression. Aims and Objectives: The objective was to identify the prevalence and contributing factors of CI and depression in the elderly rural community. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, and community-based study was conducted in rural field practice area of Medical College, Kolkata, among 133 geriatric people during time period of March–June, 2022. The prevalence of CI was measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale and depression was assessed using the geriatric depression scale. Data were analyzed in SPSS software version 16. Results: Mean age of the participants was 65.68 (±6.03) years. The prevalence of CI was 86.5%, with a mean MMSE score of 19.27 ± 4.34, and the depression was 77.5% and 7.07 ± 3.39. Conclusion: Almost two-third of the geriatric population is suffering from depression and CI. To handle the issue of CI, depression, and its resulting effects, new and modified geriatric health policies are very much needed.
{"title":"A cross-sectional study to determine the cognitive impairment and depression among elderly in a rural area of West Bengal","authors":"Nirmalya Manna, Avishek Bhadra, Pratiti Panchanan, Pushpak Das, Debasis Das","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.12603202227122022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.12603202227122022","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The increase in worldwide life expectancy among the elderly is contributing to an increase in cognitive impairment (CI). A more complicated etiology makes CI an essential clinical concern for elderly patients with depression. Ageing populations as a result of demographic change have accelerated the development of certain geriatric conditions, including CI and depression. Aims and Objectives: The objective was to identify the prevalence and contributing factors of CI and depression in the elderly rural community. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, and community-based study was conducted in rural field practice area of Medical College, Kolkata, among 133 geriatric people during time period of March–June, 2022. The prevalence of CI was measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale and depression was assessed using the geriatric depression scale. Data were analyzed in SPSS software version 16. Results: Mean age of the participants was 65.68 (±6.03) years. The prevalence of CI was 86.5%, with a mean MMSE score of 19.27 ± 4.34, and the depression was 77.5% and 7.07 ± 3.39. Conclusion: Almost two-third of the geriatric population is suffering from depression and CI. To handle the issue of CI, depression, and its resulting effects, new and modified geriatric health policies are very much needed.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"232 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91443283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5455/njppp.2023.13.02071202313022023
G. Kansara, Gaurang K Anandpara, Ashishkumar M. Agravatt, Richa Modi, A. Modi
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic forced many institutions to unexpectedly adopt online learning methods to teach their students. As students’ perspectives are vital to be understood to determine whether any teaching learning method is optimum for implementation, we conducted a questionnaire-based study of students of a medical college. Aims and Objectives: The objective of this research study was to gain a better understanding of problems concerned with online learning methods. Materials and Methods: Undergraduate 1st year medical students of four different medical colleges of India were the participants. After ethical committee permission, responses were invited for a Google form’s questionnaire. Students were asked in detail about their choices. Results: Most students preferred the offline mode of study over the online mode. Majority of students preferred to keep their own camera off during online lectures. Biochemistry subject was considered comparatively easier and Anatomy was considered difficult to learn in online mode compared to offline mode. Few students felt comfortable with online learning of more than 5 h daily. Concentration in classes was difficult, deemed more difficult for online classes and majority of students felt a lack of motivation in online learning. Conclusions: Institutes using the online mode of learning need to address student’s problems before they mandate certain rules like keeping students’ videos on. Lack of motivation and screen fatigue are common problems among students which needs to be addressed by counseling or mentoring if necessary. Subject specific preferences of students need to be taken care of.
{"title":"Online better for revision and offline better for motivation? - perspectives of online learning in undergraduate medical students in India","authors":"G. Kansara, Gaurang K Anandpara, Ashishkumar M. Agravatt, Richa Modi, A. Modi","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.02071202313022023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.02071202313022023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The COVID-19 pandemic forced many institutions to unexpectedly adopt online learning methods to teach their students. As students’ perspectives are vital to be understood to determine whether any teaching learning method is optimum for implementation, we conducted a questionnaire-based study of students of a medical college. Aims and Objectives: The objective of this research study was to gain a better understanding of problems concerned with online learning methods. Materials and Methods: Undergraduate 1st year medical students of four different medical colleges of India were the participants. After ethical committee permission, responses were invited for a Google form’s questionnaire. Students were asked in detail about their choices. Results: Most students preferred the offline mode of study over the online mode. Majority of students preferred to keep their own camera off during online lectures. Biochemistry subject was considered comparatively easier and Anatomy was considered difficult to learn in online mode compared to offline mode. Few students felt comfortable with online learning of more than 5 h daily. Concentration in classes was difficult, deemed more difficult for online classes and majority of students felt a lack of motivation in online learning. Conclusions: Institutes using the online mode of learning need to address student’s problems before they mandate certain rules like keeping students’ videos on. Lack of motivation and screen fatigue are common problems among students which needs to be addressed by counseling or mentoring if necessary. Subject specific preferences of students need to be taken care of.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85996687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), a novel viral infection has proved to dismantle the lives of people worldwide and has inflicted a major health crisis making it crucial to study its demographic and outcome profile to safeguard the future generations to the best of our capabilities. Aims and Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze observational outcomes of the hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: Study was conducted at Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Dehradun from October 1, 2020, to September 30, 2021, after approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. It was a cross-sectional, open-label, and retrospective study that included hospitalized COVID-19 patients confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction testing. Records of patients were obtained with permission from concerned authorities. Appropriate statistical tools were used for analysis. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Records of 606 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were analyzed and indicated that 359 (59.24%) patients were male and 247 (40.76%) were female. The male: female ratio is 1.45:1. The majority of the patients 228 (37.62%) belonged to age group of 46–60 years. Two hundred and seventy-one (44.72%) patients suffered from associated comorbidities of which diabetes mellitus 87 (32.10%) followed by hypertension 70 (25.83%) were most common. 217 (35.81%) patients required oxygen support. Of 86(14.19%) reported deaths, 60 (69.77%) were male with statistically significant P-value belonged to age group of 61–75 years. Median length of stay of the patients was 7 days. Conclusion: Majority of patients hospitalized were male and belonged to middle-aged group. Majority of mortalities were among males and belonged to elderly age-group. Most patients with comorbidities were from elderly age-group and diabetes being most common. Continued study on infectivity profile of infected individuals may contribute largely in assessment and formulation of various norms to fight the disease in the future.
背景:新冠病毒病-19 (COVID-19)是一种新型病毒感染，已被证明会摧毁全世界人民的生命，并造成重大健康危机，因此研究其人口结构和结果概况，以尽我们最大的能力保护子孙后代至关重要。目的和目的:本研究的目的是分析COVID-19住院患者的观察结果。材料和方法:经机构伦理委员会批准，研究于2020年10月1日至2021年9月30日在德拉敦Shri Guru Ram Rai医学与健康科学研究所进行。这是一项横断面、开放标签、回顾性研究，纳入了经逆转录聚合酶链反应检测证实的住院COVID-19患者。患者的记录是在有关当局的许可下获得的。采用适当的统计工具进行分析。P≤0.05认为有统计学意义。结果:分析606例新冠肺炎住院患者病历，男性359例(59.24%)，女性247例(40.76%)。男女比例为1.45:1。患者228例(37.62%)，年龄在46 ~ 60岁之间。其中糖尿病87例(32.10%)，其次为高血压70例(25.83%)。217例(35.81%)患者需要吸氧支持。死亡86例(14.19%)，其中男性60例(69.77%)，p值均有统计学意义，年龄在61 ~ 75岁。患者的中位住院时间为7天。结论:住院患者以男性居多，属中年人群。大多数死亡是男性，属于老年年龄组。合并症患者多为老年人，以糖尿病患者最为常见。继续研究受感染个体的传染性特征，可能在很大程度上有助于评估和制定今后防治该疾病的各种规范。
{"title":"Demographic profile and outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital","authors":"Shruti Malhotra, Mirza Beg, Shalu Bawa, Arpit Vishnoi, Jagdish Rawat, Amit Varma, Sangeetha Huidrom","doi":"10.5455/njppp.2023.13.09463202315102023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.09463202315102023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), a novel viral infection has proved to dismantle the lives of people worldwide and has inflicted a major health crisis making it crucial to study its demographic and outcome profile to safeguard the future generations to the best of our capabilities. Aims and Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze observational outcomes of the hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: Study was conducted at Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Dehradun from October 1, 2020, to September 30, 2021, after approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. It was a cross-sectional, open-label, and retrospective study that included hospitalized COVID-19 patients confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction testing. Records of patients were obtained with permission from concerned authorities. Appropriate statistical tools were used for analysis. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Records of 606 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were analyzed and indicated that 359 (59.24%) patients were male and 247 (40.76%) were female. The male: female ratio is 1.45:1. The majority of the patients 228 (37.62%) belonged to age group of 46–60 years. Two hundred and seventy-one (44.72%) patients suffered from associated comorbidities of which diabetes mellitus 87 (32.10%) followed by hypertension 70 (25.83%) were most common. 217 (35.81%) patients required oxygen support. Of 86(14.19%) reported deaths, 60 (69.77%) were male with statistically significant P-value belonged to age group of 61–75 years. Median length of stay of the patients was 7 days. Conclusion: Majority of patients hospitalized were male and belonged to middle-aged group. Majority of mortalities were among males and belonged to elderly age-group. Most patients with comorbidities were from elderly age-group and diabetes being most common. Continued study on infectivity profile of infected individuals may contribute largely in assessment and formulation of various norms to fight the disease in the future.","PeriodicalId":18969,"journal":{"name":"National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134980608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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