Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/00269786.1970.10736150
L. Roncali
SUMMARY The brachial plexus and the wing nerve pattern have been analyzed at closely spaced time intervals during early developmental phases in chick embryos. The brachial plexus is outlined at 82–84 hr of incubation and it is definitively constituted 36 hr later, as regards differential contribution of the spinal nerves and emergence of peripheral trunks. The spinal nerves XII to XVII participate in plexus formation; the contribution of the XII and XVII nerves is minor but constant. The nerve fibres enter the arm at about 90 hr and the innervation of the arm and forearm is already outlined at the end of the fifth day of incubation. In the hand, innervation begins by the sixth day, reaching the phalangeal region toward the end of the eleventh day. The progress of the wing innervation takes place in a proximo-distal sequence, in parallel with the unfolding of the organogenetic processes of the mesenchymal territories of the bud. The wing nerve pattern attains its definitive arrangement, typical of the adul...
{"title":"THE BRACHIAL PLEXUS AND THE WING NERVE PATTERN DURING EARLY DEVELOPMENTAL PHASES IN CHICKEN EMBRYOS","authors":"L. Roncali","doi":"10.1080/00269786.1970.10736150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1970.10736150","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The brachial plexus and the wing nerve pattern have been analyzed at closely spaced time intervals during early developmental phases in chick embryos. The brachial plexus is outlined at 82–84 hr of incubation and it is definitively constituted 36 hr later, as regards differential contribution of the spinal nerves and emergence of peripheral trunks. The spinal nerves XII to XVII participate in plexus formation; the contribution of the XII and XVII nerves is minor but constant. The nerve fibres enter the arm at about 90 hr and the innervation of the arm and forearm is already outlined at the end of the fifth day of incubation. In the hand, innervation begins by the sixth day, reaching the phalangeal region toward the end of the eleventh day. The progress of the wing innervation takes place in a proximo-distal sequence, in parallel with the unfolding of the organogenetic processes of the mesenchymal territories of the bud. The wing nerve pattern attains its definitive arrangement, typical of the adul...","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"45 1","pages":"81-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78747695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/00269786.1979.10736333
S. Turillazzi, A. Ugolini
SUMMARY The periodic rubbing of the nest pedicel with the terminal gastral sternite, observed in Mischocyttarus drewseni Saussure (JEANNE, 1970), Belonogaster griseus (Fab.) (MARINO PICCIOLI & PARDI, 1970) and Polistes annularis (L.) (HERMANN & DIRKS, 1974), has now been recorded in the European Polistes gallicus (L.), P. foederatus (Kohl) and P. nimpha Christ (Hymenoptera Vespidae). An ant repellent is smeared on the nest pedicel during this movement which the European Polistes perform—together with other defense patterns—not only in the presence of ants but also in response to small amounts of chemical irritants (formic acid, acetic acid). The secretion, applicated by means of the Van der Vecht's organ (VAN DER VECHT, 1968), effectively repels ants which normally prey on the nests of Polistes. Tested on glass capillary tubes, the repellent loses its effect between 2 and 4 hr after application. There is no connection between rubbing and hierarchy among associated females on polygynic spring nests of P. g...
{"title":"RUBBING BEHAVIOUR IN SOME EUROPEAN POLISTES (HYMENOPTERA VESPIDAE)","authors":"S. Turillazzi, A. Ugolini","doi":"10.1080/00269786.1979.10736333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1979.10736333","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The periodic rubbing of the nest pedicel with the terminal gastral sternite, observed in Mischocyttarus drewseni Saussure (JEANNE, 1970), Belonogaster griseus (Fab.) (MARINO PICCIOLI & PARDI, 1970) and Polistes annularis (L.) (HERMANN & DIRKS, 1974), has now been recorded in the European Polistes gallicus (L.), P. foederatus (Kohl) and P. nimpha Christ (Hymenoptera Vespidae). An ant repellent is smeared on the nest pedicel during this movement which the European Polistes perform—together with other defense patterns—not only in the presence of ants but also in response to small amounts of chemical irritants (formic acid, acetic acid). The secretion, applicated by means of the Van der Vecht's organ (VAN DER VECHT, 1968), effectively repels ants which normally prey on the nests of Polistes. Tested on glass capillary tubes, the repellent loses its effect between 2 and 4 hr after application. There is no connection between rubbing and hierarchy among associated females on polygynic spring nests of P. g...","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"33 1","pages":"129-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80135742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/00269786.1968.10736130
F. Papi, L. Pardi
SUMMARY With 106 homing pigeons belonging to two different lofts (Florence and San Piero a Grado, near Pisa) 209 vanishing points were noted from release sites in the open sea and on land at a distance varying between 100 and 255 km from the loft. In five releases in the Tyrrhenian Sea the animals took average directions varying from 111° to 169° showing a tendency in all five releases to fly towards SE: the deviation from the average vector of the home direction resulted as 120°, 72°, 50°, 87°, and 150°. In two releases from the Adriatic the vanishing points were distributed at random, or were accumulated in a direction opposed to that expected (average deviation from the home direction = 174°). In six releases on land there was only one case of random distribution of the vanishing points, while in the other five a correct orientation towards home was noted with a deviation of the average vector from the home direction of 4°, 26°, 27°, 43′° and 48°. In the releases from land 11 out of 87 adults (12.6%) w...
{"title":"ARE PIGEONS ABLE TO HOME WHEN RELEASED OVER THE SEA","authors":"F. Papi, L. Pardi","doi":"10.1080/00269786.1968.10736130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1968.10736130","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY With 106 homing pigeons belonging to two different lofts (Florence and San Piero a Grado, near Pisa) 209 vanishing points were noted from release sites in the open sea and on land at a distance varying between 100 and 255 km from the loft. In five releases in the Tyrrhenian Sea the animals took average directions varying from 111° to 169° showing a tendency in all five releases to fly towards SE: the deviation from the average vector of the home direction resulted as 120°, 72°, 50°, 87°, and 150°. In two releases from the Adriatic the vanishing points were distributed at random, or were accumulated in a direction opposed to that expected (average deviation from the home direction = 174°). In six releases on land there was only one case of random distribution of the vanishing points, while in the other five a correct orientation towards home was noted with a deviation of the average vector from the home direction of 4°, 26°, 27°, 43′° and 48°. In the releases from land 11 out of 87 adults (12.6%) w...","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"52 1","pages":"217-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80398584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/03749444.1987.10736721
K. Martens
SUMMARY Sclerocypris pardii n. sp. (Crustacea Ostracoda) is described from Somalia. Eucypris rothschildi Daday, 1910 is transferred to Sclerocypris, while Eucypris senatomarginata Kiss, 1960 is considered a juvenile of Sclerocypris multiformis (Kiss, 1960) and is placed in synonymy with the latter species. Sclerocypris sarsi nom. nov. is a new name for S. tuberculata (Sars, 1924) nec (Methuen, 1910). The known African species of Sclerocypris are listed and S. pardii is compared to all of them. A bladder-like organ on the dorsal side of the head, between the antennula and the antenna, is named the Muller-organ.
{"title":"ON SCLEROCYPRIS PARDII N. SP. (CRUSTACEA OSTRACODA) FROM SOMALIA","authors":"K. Martens","doi":"10.1080/03749444.1987.10736721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03749444.1987.10736721","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Sclerocypris pardii n. sp. (Crustacea Ostracoda) is described from Somalia. Eucypris rothschildi Daday, 1910 is transferred to Sclerocypris, while Eucypris senatomarginata Kiss, 1960 is considered a juvenile of Sclerocypris multiformis (Kiss, 1960) and is placed in synonymy with the latter species. Sclerocypris sarsi nom. nov. is a new name for S. tuberculata (Sars, 1924) nec (Methuen, 1910). The known African species of Sclerocypris are listed and S. pardii is compared to all of them. A bladder-like organ on the dorsal side of the head, between the antennula and the antenna, is named the Muller-organ.","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85763988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/00269786.1982.10736410
C. Robotti
SUMMARY Individuals of E. fetida andrei Bouche (Annelida Oligochaeta) were analyzed for genetic variation at nine enzymatic loci by means of electrophoresis. Genie frequencies and other parameters are reported, together with the prospect of a quick test for earthworm breeders.
摘要采用电泳方法对E. fetida andrei Bouche (E. fetida andrei Bouche，少毛环节动物)9个酶位点的遗传变异进行了分析。报告了精灵频率和其他参数，并展望了蚯蚓育种者快速测试的前景。
{"title":"BIOCHEMICAL POLYMORPHISM OF EARTHWORMS: 4. ENZYMES OF EISENIA FETIDA ANDREI BOUCHÉ (ANNELIDA OLIGOCHAETA)","authors":"C. Robotti","doi":"10.1080/00269786.1982.10736410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1982.10736410","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Individuals of E. fetida andrei Bouche (Annelida Oligochaeta) were analyzed for genetic variation at nine enzymatic loci by means of electrophoresis. Genie frequencies and other parameters are reported, together with the prospect of a quick test for earthworm breeders.","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"03 1","pages":"341-344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86057548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/00269786.1984.10736449
L. Fiore, L. Geppetti, A. Mancino, P. Mela
SUMMARY Single specimens of the European robin, Erithacus rubecula (L.) were placed in a small, L-shaped cage with two arms of the same length, pointing 45° to the left and right of natural North. Pairs of Helmholtz coils around the cage could generate deflections of the horizontal geomagnetic component 45° to the left or right of natural North, thus making it coincide with one of the arms of the cage. Intensity and inclination were unaffected. Birds were subjected to magnetic treatments lasting 2 min for one bird and 8 min for the other four birds used, in which one of the two magnetic deflections was provided. The two types of treatment were given in succession, and repeated several times in each experiment, according to a randomized schedule. Bird displacements were automatically recorded, and the total times and numbers of separate periods of time spent in the two arms of the cage were computed. The percentage tendencies towards one and the other arm were evaluated from these data, and analyzed to see...
{"title":"SHORT-TERM EFFECTS OF HORIZONTAL GEOMAGNETIC FIELD DEFLECTIONS ON THE ORIENTED BEHAVIOUR OF CAGED ROBINS, ERITHACUS RUBECULA (L.)","authors":"L. Fiore, L. Geppetti, A. Mancino, P. Mela","doi":"10.1080/00269786.1984.10736449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1984.10736449","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Single specimens of the European robin, Erithacus rubecula (L.) were placed in a small, L-shaped cage with two arms of the same length, pointing 45° to the left and right of natural North. Pairs of Helmholtz coils around the cage could generate deflections of the horizontal geomagnetic component 45° to the left or right of natural North, thus making it coincide with one of the arms of the cage. Intensity and inclination were unaffected. Birds were subjected to magnetic treatments lasting 2 min for one bird and 8 min for the other four birds used, in which one of the two magnetic deflections was provided. The two types of treatment were given in succession, and repeated several times in each experiment, according to a randomized schedule. Bird displacements were automatically recorded, and the total times and numbers of separate periods of time spent in the two arms of the cage were computed. The percentage tendencies towards one and the other arm were evaluated from these data, and analyzed to see...","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"63 1","pages":"123-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84082607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/03749444.1975.10736822
F. Ferrara
SUMMARY A description of a new species of terrestrial Isopod from Somalia is given: Renelloscia sornala (Philosciidae).
本文报道了索马里陆生等足类一新种:Renelloscia sornala(水母科)。
{"title":"RENELLOSCIA SOMALA, A NEW SPECIES OF PHILOSCIIDAE (TERRESTRIAL ISOPODS) FROM SOMALIA","authors":"F. Ferrara","doi":"10.1080/03749444.1975.10736822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03749444.1975.10736822","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY A description of a new species of terrestrial Isopod from Somalia is given: Renelloscia sornala (Philosciidae).","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77846279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/03749444.1986.10736712
F. Ferrara, S. Taiti
SUMMARY Specimens of Ancbiphiloscia karongae Stebbing, 1908, A. cunningtoni Stebbing, 1908, Pbiloscia suarezi Dollfus, 1895 and Setaphora pilosa Budde-Lund, 1913 have been examined. Ancbiphiloscia Stebbing, 1908 is considered to be a valid genus with Setaphora Budde-Lund, 1908 and Afrophiloscia Taiti & Ferrara, 1980 as junior synonyms. S. pilosa is transferred to Ancbiphiloscia and A. cunningtoni to Aphiloscia Budde-Lund, 1908. The new genus Pseudosetaphora is erected for Setaphora ovata Budde-Lund, 1913 and S. pallidemaculata Budde-Lund, 1913.
{"title":"VALIDITY OF THE GENUS ANCHIPHILOSCIA STEBBING, 1908 (CRUSTACEA ISOPODA ONISCIDEA)","authors":"F. Ferrara, S. Taiti","doi":"10.1080/03749444.1986.10736712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03749444.1986.10736712","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Specimens of Ancbiphiloscia karongae Stebbing, 1908, A. cunningtoni Stebbing, 1908, Pbiloscia suarezi Dollfus, 1895 and Setaphora pilosa Budde-Lund, 1913 have been examined. Ancbiphiloscia Stebbing, 1908 is considered to be a valid genus with Setaphora Budde-Lund, 1908 and Afrophiloscia Taiti & Ferrara, 1980 as junior synonyms. S. pilosa is transferred to Ancbiphiloscia and A. cunningtoni to Aphiloscia Budde-Lund, 1908. The new genus Pseudosetaphora is erected for Setaphora ovata Budde-Lund, 1913 and S. pallidemaculata Budde-Lund, 1913.","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77974993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/03749444.1981.10736640
C. Richards
SUMMARY A third color pattern variant, striped, is reported for H. v. ferniquei Mocquard, H. v. pantherinus (Steindachner) and H. v. ommatostictus Laurent (Amphibia Anura). These frogs can have the hourglass or striped pattern as juveniles. Adult females have a color pattern characteristic of the subspecies while adult males may be striped, hourglass or have the female color pattern. The striped pattern was rare in populations of H. v. ferniquei but was quite common in even small collections of H. v. pantherinus and H. v. ommatostictus. The striped gene appears to be allelic to hourglass and dominant to it. Heterozygotes for striped crossed with an hourglass mate segregate striped and hourglass in a 1:1 ratio in the progeny. The segregation continues in appropriate F2 crosses. These new data add to the complexity of an already complex polymorphic group and will ultimately contribute to a better understanding of the polymorphisms and their genetic bases.
{"title":"A NEW COLOR PATTERN VARIANT AND ITS INHERITANCE IN SOME MEMBERS OF THE SUPERSPECIES HYPEROLIUS VIRIDIFLAVUS (DUMÉRIL & BIBRON) (AMPHIBIA ANURA)","authors":"C. Richards","doi":"10.1080/03749444.1981.10736640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03749444.1981.10736640","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY A third color pattern variant, striped, is reported for H. v. ferniquei Mocquard, H. v. pantherinus (Steindachner) and H. v. ommatostictus Laurent (Amphibia Anura). These frogs can have the hourglass or striped pattern as juveniles. Adult females have a color pattern characteristic of the subspecies while adult males may be striped, hourglass or have the female color pattern. The striped pattern was rare in populations of H. v. ferniquei but was quite common in even small collections of H. v. pantherinus and H. v. ommatostictus. The striped gene appears to be allelic to hourglass and dominant to it. Heterozygotes for striped crossed with an hourglass mate segregate striped and hourglass in a 1:1 ratio in the progeny. The segregation continues in appropriate F2 crosses. These new data add to the complexity of an already complex polymorphic group and will ultimately contribute to a better understanding of the polymorphisms and their genetic bases.","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79957255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/00269786.1981.10736367
A. Fantin, E. Ottaviani
SUMMARY The present paper provides a comparative histochemical study of the hypobranchial gland of some Prosobranchs (Mollusca Gastropoda) living in different habitats. The three species studied were Murex brandaris L. (a marine species), Viviparus viviparus L. (a freshwater species) and Pomatias elegans Muller (a terrestrial species). A noticeable thickened hypobranchial gland is present in the mantle of Murex brandaris, while in the other two species the gland is reduced. In Viviparus viviparus and Pomatias elegans there is an extremely simple gland in the mantle without purpurigen cells. The gland structure does not change during the seasons of the year in Murex and in Viviparus: on the contrary, in Pomatias the development of this gland is quite different in autumn and in spring. This fact, in our opinion, may be related to the terrestrial habitat of this species.
{"title":"THE HYPOBRANCHIAL GLAND OF SOME PROSOBRANCHIA (MOLLUSCA GASTROPODA) LIVING IN DIFFERENT HABITATS: A COMPARATIVE HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY","authors":"A. Fantin, E. Ottaviani","doi":"10.1080/00269786.1981.10736367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1981.10736367","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The present paper provides a comparative histochemical study of the hypobranchial gland of some Prosobranchs (Mollusca Gastropoda) living in different habitats. The three species studied were Murex brandaris L. (a marine species), Viviparus viviparus L. (a freshwater species) and Pomatias elegans Muller (a terrestrial species). A noticeable thickened hypobranchial gland is present in the mantle of Murex brandaris, while in the other two species the gland is reduced. In Viviparus viviparus and Pomatias elegans there is an extremely simple gland in the mantle without purpurigen cells. The gland structure does not change during the seasons of the year in Murex and in Viviparus: on the contrary, in Pomatias the development of this gland is quite different in autumn and in spring. This fact, in our opinion, may be related to the terrestrial habitat of this species.","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"63 1","pages":"63-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76696956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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