Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/00269786.1972.10736183
G. Righi
SUMMARY In segment 24 and successive ones the vascular topography of Glossoscolex paulistus Michaelsen, 1926 is repeated metamerically. The afferent system is more similar to those of Allolobophora and Eisenia than that of Lumbricus. The efferent system is similar to that of Pontodrilus. In segments 17 to 23 the position of the vessels is slightly modified due to a pair of copulatory chambers, whose circulation is like that of the prostates of Pheretima. In segments 7 to 9 the ventro-tegumentary vessels arise from the lateral hearts. Those of 9 which supply the genital organs and anastomose with the ventro-tegumentary vessels of 14, are especially voluminous forming a safety system. From the gizzard forwards the dorsal vessel is replaced by a vessel formed by the coalescence of branches of the ventro-tegumentary vessels of 6. Longitudinal neural vessels are absent throughout the whole body.
{"title":"TOPOGRAPHY OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM OF GLOSSOSCOLEX PAULISTUS MICHAELSEN 1926 (OLIGOCHAETA GLOSSOSCOLECIDAE)","authors":"G. Righi","doi":"10.1080/00269786.1972.10736183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1972.10736183","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY In segment 24 and successive ones the vascular topography of Glossoscolex paulistus Michaelsen, 1926 is repeated metamerically. The afferent system is more similar to those of Allolobophora and Eisenia than that of Lumbricus. The efferent system is similar to that of Pontodrilus. In segments 17 to 23 the position of the vessels is slightly modified due to a pair of copulatory chambers, whose circulation is like that of the prostates of Pheretima. In segments 7 to 9 the ventro-tegumentary vessels arise from the lateral hearts. Those of 9 which supply the genital organs and anastomose with the ventro-tegumentary vessels of 14, are especially voluminous forming a safety system. From the gizzard forwards the dorsal vessel is replaced by a vessel formed by the coalescence of branches of the ventro-tegumentary vessels of 6. Longitudinal neural vessels are absent throughout the whole body.","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"87 1","pages":"19-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89209881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/03749444.1987.10736719
A. Ercolini, R. Berti, L. Chelazzi, G. Messana
SUMMARY The oxygen consumption in the hypogean cyprinids from Somalia Barbopsis devecchii Di Caporiacco, 1926 and Phreatichthys andruzzii Vinciguerra, 1924 has been examined and compared to the related epigean species Puntius lateristriga (Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1842). Both in the test with a respirometer and under asphyxia, a lower oxygen consumption was found in the hypogean forms, the lowest consumption being shown by the species more adapted to the hypogean environment.
{"title":"OXYGEN CONSUMPTION IN HYPOGEAN AND EPIGEAN CYPRINIDS (PISCES)","authors":"A. Ercolini, R. Berti, L. Chelazzi, G. Messana","doi":"10.1080/03749444.1987.10736719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03749444.1987.10736719","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The oxygen consumption in the hypogean cyprinids from Somalia Barbopsis devecchii Di Caporiacco, 1926 and Phreatichthys andruzzii Vinciguerra, 1924 has been examined and compared to the related epigean species Puntius lateristriga (Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1842). Both in the test with a respirometer and under asphyxia, a lower oxygen consumption was found in the hypogean forms, the lowest consumption being shown by the species more adapted to the hypogean environment.","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83899309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/00269786.1969.10736134
E. Urbani
SUMMARY Oogenesis of Dytiscidae is characterized by a remarkable phenomenon occurring in the germarium: each oogonium, after a series of normal mitoses, is transformed into a preoocyte characterized by a mass of extra- chromosomal chromatin called the Giardina mass or body or ring (GB), from the name of its Discoverer. The preoocyte undergoes four differential mitoses and the GB stays in only one cell, the oocyte, the other fifteen becoming nurse cells. The behaviour of this extrachromosomal formation is interesting but its significance is not completely clear, partly because it disintegrates and disappears during growth of the oocyte. Cytochemical study has shown that at its appearance the GB consists predominantly of DNA and at the time of its destruction there is an increasing synthesis of RNA. The results were obtained with a variety of cytochemical and autoradiographic techniques and have been confirmed by various Authors. The nurse cells grow too and their nuclei undergo numerous endomitoses. DNA sy...
{"title":"CYTOCHEMICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDIES OF OOGENESIS IN THE DYTISCIDAE","authors":"E. Urbani","doi":"10.1080/00269786.1969.10736134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1969.10736134","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Oogenesis of Dytiscidae is characterized by a remarkable phenomenon occurring in the germarium: each oogonium, after a series of normal mitoses, is transformed into a preoocyte characterized by a mass of extra- chromosomal chromatin called the Giardina mass or body or ring (GB), from the name of its Discoverer. The preoocyte undergoes four differential mitoses and the GB stays in only one cell, the oocyte, the other fifteen becoming nurse cells. The behaviour of this extrachromosomal formation is interesting but its significance is not completely clear, partly because it disintegrates and disappears during growth of the oocyte. Cytochemical study has shown that at its appearance the GB consists predominantly of DNA and at the time of its destruction there is an increasing synthesis of RNA. The results were obtained with a variety of cytochemical and autoradiographic techniques and have been confirmed by various Authors. The nurse cells grow too and their nuclei undergo numerous endomitoses. DNA sy...","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"49 1","pages":"55-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77660858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/03749444.1981.10736643
R. Tinsley
SUMMARY The Pipidae are generally considered a relatively early offshoot in anuran evolution but a recent review, based mainly on nerve ganglia characteristics, has concluded that the group is not primitive by any criteria. Consideration of parasite phylogenetic relationships provides another, independent, view of pipid status. The parasite fauna of Xenopus is highly distinctive and displays a mixture of primitive and very specialised characters. Detailed analysis of one group— the monogeneans— suggests that Protopolystoma, infecting Xenopus, is primitive and very distant with respect to polystomatids in advanced anurans including ranids and bufonids. The combined evidence of a range of invertebrate groups indicates that parasite affinities are best interpreted as a product of prolonged phylogenetic and ecological isolation of the host. It is concluded that pipids are archaic and cannot be aligned with advanced families.
{"title":"THE EVIDENCE FROM PARASITE RELATIONSHIPS FOR THE EVOLUTIONARY STATUS OF XENOPUS (ANURA PIPIDAE)","authors":"R. Tinsley","doi":"10.1080/03749444.1981.10736643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03749444.1981.10736643","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The Pipidae are generally considered a relatively early offshoot in anuran evolution but a recent review, based mainly on nerve ganglia characteristics, has concluded that the group is not primitive by any criteria. Consideration of parasite phylogenetic relationships provides another, independent, view of pipid status. The parasite fauna of Xenopus is highly distinctive and displays a mixture of primitive and very specialised characters. Detailed analysis of one group— the monogeneans— suggests that Protopolystoma, infecting Xenopus, is primitive and very distant with respect to polystomatids in advanced anurans including ranids and bufonids. The combined evidence of a range of invertebrate groups indicates that parasite affinities are best interpreted as a product of prolonged phylogenetic and ecological isolation of the host. It is concluded that pipids are archaic and cannot be aligned with advanced families.","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91513230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/03749444.1981.10736636
R. Blommers-Schlösser
SUMMARY Reproductive biology, habitats, cytogenetics and osteology of the different endemic ranid, rhacophorid, hyperoliid groups in Madagascar are summarized and discussed.
综述并讨论了马达加斯加不同地方性鼠、鼠、高脂类群的生殖生物学、生境、细胞遗传学和骨学。
{"title":"ON ENDEMIC MALAGASY FROGS (RANIDAE, RHACOPHORIDAE AND HYPEROLIIDAE)","authors":"R. Blommers-Schlösser","doi":"10.1080/03749444.1981.10736636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03749444.1981.10736636","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Reproductive biology, habitats, cytogenetics and osteology of the different endemic ranid, rhacophorid, hyperoliid groups in Madagascar are summarized and discussed.","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91331505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/00269786.1983.10736433
M. Benazzi, G. B. Lentati
SUMMARY Variations occur in chromosome number through a gradual increase in originally diploid or polyploid sets, accompained by intra-individual oscillations. In many species or races the hyperdiploid or polyploid sets have B-chromosomes. In some species fissiparity is accompanied by such genomic deviations but so far there is no proof that the two events are necessarily correlated. Numerical variations and fissiparity could propagate due to some reciprocal advantage in certain natural habitats and in the laboratory.
{"title":"FURTHER RESEARCH ON THE CONTROL OF FISSIONING IN PLANARIANS","authors":"M. Benazzi, G. B. Lentati","doi":"10.1080/00269786.1983.10736433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1983.10736433","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Variations occur in chromosome number through a gradual increase in originally diploid or polyploid sets, accompained by intra-individual oscillations. In many species or races the hyperdiploid or polyploid sets have B-chromosomes. In some species fissiparity is accompanied by such genomic deviations but so far there is no proof that the two events are necessarily correlated. Numerical variations and fissiparity could propagate due to some reciprocal advantage in certain natural habitats and in the laboratory.","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"16 1","pages":"329-346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74789546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/00269786.1970.10736149
C. Marmorino, V. Botte, G. Chieffi
SUMMARY Adult specimens of the hermaphrodite synchronous teleost, Serranus scriba were treated with methyl-thiouracil in order to identify the TSH secreting cells in the adenohypophysis. The thyroid of treated animals becames goitrous with hypertrophy of the follicles, which became lined with columnar epithelium. In the adenohypophysis the PAS and TP cells of the rostro-ventral cords accumulated their secretion. The basophils of peripheral cords of the gland and those distributed along the ramification of the neurohypophysis in the adenohypophysis were not affected by this treatment. Morphological changes of the thyroid gland during reproduction were also studied when an increase in the number of thyroid follicles was observed. During this period they were lined with a columnar epithelium. These changes are in correlation with the number of basophil cells of the adenohypophysis.
{"title":"THE IDENTIFICATION OF THYROTROPIN-SECRETING CELLS IN THE PITUITARY GLAND OF THE HERMAPHRODITE SYNCHRONOUS TELEOST SERRANUS SCRIBA (L.)","authors":"C. Marmorino, V. Botte, G. Chieffi","doi":"10.1080/00269786.1970.10736149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1970.10736149","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Adult specimens of the hermaphrodite synchronous teleost, Serranus scriba were treated with methyl-thiouracil in order to identify the TSH secreting cells in the adenohypophysis. The thyroid of treated animals becames goitrous with hypertrophy of the follicles, which became lined with columnar epithelium. In the adenohypophysis the PAS and TP cells of the rostro-ventral cords accumulated their secretion. The basophils of peripheral cords of the gland and those distributed along the ramification of the neurohypophysis in the adenohypophysis were not affected by this treatment. Morphological changes of the thyroid gland during reproduction were also studied when an increase in the number of thyroid follicles was observed. During this period they were lined with a columnar epithelium. These changes are in correlation with the number of basophil cells of the adenohypophysis.","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"12 1","pages":"71-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79995641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/00269786.1969.10736142
A. Rossi
SUMMARY The following are the results of qualitative analysis of the visual and chemical signals and nest-building behaviour in Colisa lalia and C. labiosa under different experimental conditions: 1. Visual communication without any water contact between the test tank male and the female in the internal transparent container (Fig. 1 A); neither isospecific nor heterospecific pairs of either species showed reproductive behavioural changes. 2. Chemical communication through continuous water circulation between the female's external optically isolated glass container and the male's test tank (Fig. 1 B); an increase of aggressiveness and colour followed by nest-building by the male was induced. This test was performed on isospecific and heterospecific pairs of both species. 3. Actual contact (Fig. 1 E), isospecific pairs began their regular reproductive behaviour; heterospecific pairs displayed no reproductive behavioural changes. 4. Chemical communication with the test tank male in water exchange with a pair...
{"title":"CHEMICAL SIGNALS AND NEST-BUILDING IN TWO SPECIES OF COLISA (PISCES, ANABANTIDAE)","authors":"A. Rossi","doi":"10.1080/00269786.1969.10736142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1969.10736142","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The following are the results of qualitative analysis of the visual and chemical signals and nest-building behaviour in Colisa lalia and C. labiosa under different experimental conditions: 1. Visual communication without any water contact between the test tank male and the female in the internal transparent container (Fig. 1 A); neither isospecific nor heterospecific pairs of either species showed reproductive behavioural changes. 2. Chemical communication through continuous water circulation between the female's external optically isolated glass container and the male's test tank (Fig. 1 B); an increase of aggressiveness and colour followed by nest-building by the male was induced. This test was performed on isospecific and heterospecific pairs of both species. 3. Actual contact (Fig. 1 E), isospecific pairs began their regular reproductive behaviour; heterospecific pairs displayed no reproductive behavioural changes. 4. Chemical communication with the test tank male in water exchange with a pair...","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"12 1","pages":"225-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87837471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/03749444.1979.10736599
J. Decelle
SUMMARY A study of the Melolonthinae (Coleoptera) collected in Africa revealed the precence of three new genera: Cnemoschiza, Protoclilopa and Campylophyllus; six new species: Cephaloschiza barbata, Homoeoschiza minor, Coelogenia longipes, Cnemoschiza tibialis, Protoclitopa tetraphylla and Campylophyllus somalicus., and a new combination: Phiara pseudo-aberrans (Gridelli).
{"title":"ESPÈCES NOUVELLES OU MÉCONNUES DE MELOLONTHINAE AFRICAINS (COLEOPTERA SCARABAEOIDEA MELOLONTHIDAE)","authors":"J. Decelle","doi":"10.1080/03749444.1979.10736599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03749444.1979.10736599","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY A study of the Melolonthinae (Coleoptera) collected in Africa revealed the precence of three new genera: Cnemoschiza, Protoclilopa and Campylophyllus; six new species: Cephaloschiza barbata, Homoeoschiza minor, Coelogenia longipes, Cnemoschiza tibialis, Protoclitopa tetraphylla and Campylophyllus somalicus., and a new combination: Phiara pseudo-aberrans (Gridelli).","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88802966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-12DOI: 10.1080/00269786.1982.10736395
A. Troisi, F. D'Amato, R. Fuccillo, S. Scucchi
SUMMARY Diurnal variation of allogrooming was studied in a social group of Japanese macaques (Macaca f. fuscata Blyth). Over 150 hr of observation, using the « complete record » sampling method, allowed us to detect a basic diurnal pattern with the highest mean levels in the early afternoon. Such a pattern proved to be fairly uniform under a wide variety of conditions. Statistical analyses showed that only rain and feeding activity influenced it whereas temperature and humidity, in contrast to previous reported studies, failed to prove affective factors. Unlike sex, age affected the daily cycle of allogrooming in that juveniles followed a diurnal pattern different from that of mature individuals. A comprehensive evaluation of these findings suggests that the in-group factors prevail over environmental variables in shaping the diurnal pattern of allogrooming. The nature of such in-group factors (social? physiological?) remains to be investigated.
摘要研究了日本猕猴(Macaca f. fuscata Blyth)一个社会群体异体毛发的日变化。通过150多小时的观察，使用“完整记录”抽样方法，我们发现了一个基本的日模式，在下午早些时候平均水平最高。事实证明，这种模式在各种各样的条件下都是相当一致的。统计分析表明，只有雨水和喂养活动对其有影响，而与先前报道的研究相反，温度和湿度未能证明影响因素。与性别不同，年龄影响了异源毛发的日常周期，因为幼崽遵循的是与成熟个体不同的日模式。对这些发现的综合评估表明，在塑造异体梳理的日模式方面，群体内因素优于环境变量。这种群体内因素(社会?生理?)仍有待研究。
{"title":"Diurnal pattern of allogrooming in a group of japanese macaques (macaca fuscata fuscata blyth)","authors":"A. Troisi, F. D'Amato, R. Fuccillo, S. Scucchi","doi":"10.1080/00269786.1982.10736395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1982.10736395","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Diurnal variation of allogrooming was studied in a social group of Japanese macaques (Macaca f. fuscata Blyth). Over 150 hr of observation, using the « complete record » sampling method, allowed us to detect a basic diurnal pattern with the highest mean levels in the early afternoon. Such a pattern proved to be fairly uniform under a wide variety of conditions. Statistical analyses showed that only rain and feeding activity influenced it whereas temperature and humidity, in contrast to previous reported studies, failed to prove affective factors. Unlike sex, age affected the daily cycle of allogrooming in that juveniles followed a diurnal pattern different from that of mature individuals. A comprehensive evaluation of these findings suggests that the in-group factors prevail over environmental variables in shaping the diurnal pattern of allogrooming. The nature of such in-group factors (social? physiological?) remains to be investigated.","PeriodicalId":19014,"journal":{"name":"Monitore Zoologico Italiano-Italian Journal of Zoology","volume":"3 1","pages":"149-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89087330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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