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A synopsis of the genus Cylindrostethus Fieber 1861 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Gerridae) A synopsis of the genus Cylindrostethus Fieber 1861 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Gerridae) Cylindrostethus Fieber 1861 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Gerridae)
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01121-6

Abstract

Cylindrostethus Fieber, 1861 is one of the most striking genera of water striders (Insecta: Hemiptera: Gerridae) and has Pantropical distribution. Members of this group can be recognized by the very long, cylindrical body; the short antennomere IV; the short labium not reaching the mesosternum; and by characteristics of the abdomen of males and females. Although Neotropical representatives of the genus have been revised, there are pending taxonomic issues related to this fauna, and that of the Eastern Hemisphere has been barely studied in recent years. Here, we present a short note about the authorship of Cylindrostethus, an updated key to all species of the genus, a new synonymy, and the description of a previously unknown macropterous male of C. hungerfordi Drake and Harris.

摘要 Cylindrostethus Fieber, 1861 是水黾(昆虫纲:半翅目:黾科)中最引人注目的属之一,分布于南太平洋。该类群的成员可以通过以下特征辨认出来:身体非常长,呈圆柱形;第四触角较短;唇短,未达到中胸;雌雄腹部均有特征。虽然该属在新热带地区的代表物种已被修订,但与该动物群相关的分类学问题仍悬而未决,而东半球的动物群近年来几乎未被研究。在此,我们简要介绍了 Cylindrostethus 的作者,更新了该属所有物种的检索表、新的同义词,并描述了 C. hungerfordi Drake and Harris 的一种以前未知的大型雄性。
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引用次数: 0
Distribution, Invasion History, and Ecology of Non-native Pine Bark Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Southern South America. 南美洲南部非本地松树皮甲虫(鞘翅目:瘤科:鞘翅目)的分布、入侵历史和生态学。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01125-2
Victoria Lantschner, Demian F Gomez, Gimena Vilardo, Leonel Stazione, Sergio Ramos, Edgar Eskiviski, Romina Fachinetti, Marcela Schiappacassi, Natalia Vallejos, Monica Germano, José Villacide, Mariano P Grilli, Gonzalo Martinez, Rodrigo Ahumada, Sergio A Estay, Ignacio Dumois, Juan Corley

The growth of international trade, coupled with an expansion of large-scale pine plantations in South America during the second half of the twentieth century, has significantly increased the opportunities for the invasion of forest insects. Bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) are a large and diverse group of insects, commonly recognized as one of the most important tree mortality agents in coniferous forests worldwide and an important group among invasive forest species. In this study, we combined data from field sampling with published records of established non-native pine bark beetles, to describe their distribution and invasion history in pine plantations across southern South America, reviewing the available information on their phenology and host range. We obtained records of established populations of six Eurasian species distributed in two major regions: the southwest region comprises plantations in Chile and the Argentine Patagonia, with four bark beetle species: Hylastes ater, Hylastes linearis, Hylurgus ligniperda, and Orthotomicus laricis; the northeastern zone includes northeastern Argentina, Uruguay, and southern Brazil, and includes three bark beetle species: Cyrtogenius luteus, H. ligniperda, and O. erosus. The establishment of non-native populations across the study area began in the 1950s, and from the 1980s onwards, there has been an exponential increase in introductions. We predict that several of these species will continue spreading across South America and that new species will continue arriving. We highlight the importance of international collaboration for early detection and management of non-native pine bark beetles.

二十世纪下半叶,国际贸易的增长,加上南美洲大规模松树种植园的扩张,大大增加了森林昆虫入侵的机会。树皮甲虫(鞘翅目:Curculionidae,Scolytinae)是一个庞大而多样化的昆虫类群,通常被认为是全球针叶林中最重要的树木致死媒介之一,也是入侵森林物种中的一个重要类群。在这项研究中,我们将野外采样数据与已发表的非本地松树皮甲虫记录相结合,描述了它们在南美洲南部松树人工林中的分布和入侵历史,并回顾了有关其物候学和寄主范围的现有信息。我们获得了分布在两个主要地区的六个欧亚物种的既定种群记录:西南地区包括智利和阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚的种植园,有四个树皮甲虫物种:Hylastes ater、Hylastes linearis、Hylurgus ligniperda 和 Orthotomicus laricis;东北区包括阿根廷东北部、乌拉圭和巴西南部,有三种树皮甲虫:erosus);东北区包括阿根廷东北部、乌拉圭和巴西南部,包括三种树皮甲虫:Cyrtogenius luteus、H. ligniperda 和 O. erosus。整个研究区域的非本地种群的建立始于 20 世纪 50 年代,从 20 世纪 80 年代开始,引入的物种呈指数级增长。我们预测,其中几个物种将继续在南美洲蔓延,新物种也将继续到来。我们强调了国际合作对于早期发现和管理非本地松树皮甲虫的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Potential Ecological Interactions and Challenges for the Management of Spotted-Wing Drosophila in Recently Invaded Regions. 新近入侵地区斑翅果蝇的潜在生态相互作用和管理挑战。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01138-5
Flávio Roberto Mello Garcia, Eugenio Eduardo Oliveira
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引用次数: 0
Trichopria anastrephae as a Biological Control Agent of Drosophila suzukii in Strawberries. 作为草莓中苏氏果蝇生物控制剂的Trichopria anastrephae。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01113-6
Alexandra P Krüger, Amanda M Garcez, Tiago Scheunemann, Dori E Nava, Flávio R M Garcia

In South America, the resident pupal parasitoid Trichopria anastrephae Costa Lima (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) is a potential biological control agent of the pest Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae). In the present study, we (1) examined the behavior of T. anastrephae towards different host (D. suzukii) and host-substrate (strawberry) cues in choice and non-choice bioassays in laboratory, and (2) examined the density-dependent parasitism of T. anastrephae in D. suzukii-infested strawberries in a greenhouse. When given a choice, female parasitoids walked longer over chambers with fruits infested with eggs, larvae, or pupae of D. suzukii, when compared to healthy uninfested strawberries, and over overripe fruits when compared to unripe or ripe fruits. In the greenhouse assay, we observed an increase in parasitism and a decrease in the number of D. suzukii emerging per fruit with an increase in the number of parasitoids released. Our results allow a better understanding of the behavior and parasitism of T. anastrephae in D. suzukii-infested strawberries and provide useful data for potential biological control programs using this parasitoid.

在南美洲,常驻蛹寄生虫Trichopria anastrephae Costa Lima(膜翅目:Diapriidae)是害虫铃木果蝇(双翅目:果蝇科)的潜在生物控制剂。在本研究中,我们(1)在实验室选择和非选择生物测定中考察了T. anastrephae对不同寄主(铃木果蝇)和寄主-基质(草莓)线索的行为;(2)在温室中考察了T. anastrephae在受铃木果蝇侵害的草莓中的寄生密度。与未受铃木虫卵、幼虫或蛹侵染的健康草莓相比,雌性寄生虫在受铃木虫卵、幼虫或蛹侵染的果实上行走的时间更长;与未熟或成熟的果实相比,雌性寄生虫在过熟的果实上行走的时间更长。在温室试验中,我们观察到,随着寄生虫释放数量的增加,寄生率上升,每个果实中出现的小铃虫数量减少。我们的研究结果有助于更好地了解 T. anastrephae 在受铃木虫害的草莓中的行为和寄生情况,并为使用这种寄生虫的潜在生物防治计划提供有用的数据。
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引用次数: 0
Bt Soybean Cry1Ac Does Not Affect Development, Reproduction, or Feeding Behavior of Red-Banded Stink Bug Piezodorus guildinii (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Bt 大豆 Cry1Ac 不会影响红带臭虫 Piezodorus guildinii(半翅目:五蠹科)的发育、繁殖或取食行为。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01128-7
Silvana Abbate, Xavier Pons, Nora Altier, Tiago Lucini, Sebastián Bonansea, Oscar Bentancur, Agustina Armand Pilón, Horacio Silva, Giuliana De Souza, Luciano Irigoyen, Antônio Ricardo Panizzi

Bt soybean cultivation is increasing worldwide. The Cry1Ac protein expressed in Bt soybean efficiently controls several lepidopteran pests. The stink bug, Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood), a major pest for soybean in the Americas, is not controlled by Bt crops, although possible sub-lethal effects may occur. Even if there were no negative effects for sting bug, ingesting toxins could affect its bio-controllers. We tested through ELISA detection if P. guildinii ingests Cry1Ac from Bt soybean and possible effects on its development, reproduction, survival, and feeding behavior. Biological traits were evaluated under controlled conditions of nymphs and adults feeding on pods of near-isogenic cultivars DM5958iPRO (Bt) and DM59i (non-Bt). Feeding behavior was recorded using an AC-DC electropenetrography (EPG) device. Results indicated that P. guildinii ingested the Cry1Ac protein; however, nymphal period and accumulated survival percentage did not differ between cultivars. Feeding on Bt soybean pods did not affect fecundity (i.e., number of egg masses and eggs/female) nor egg viability. Different feeding behaviors were only detected on the pathway phase (stylet penetration into plant tissue), which was more pronounced in the Bt cultivar. However, the total duration of the feeding activities on seeds was numerically higher (ca. 2X) on Bt plants compared to non-Bt. This is the first study to demonstrate that P. guildinii does ingest the Cry1Ac protein and excrete it without being absorbed, probably explaining the lack of direct adverse effects on its biological parameters. EPG could indicate that Bt soybean plants might be less palatable than non-Bt to red-banded stink bug.

Bt 大豆的种植在全球范围内不断增加。Bt 大豆中表达的 Cry1Ac 蛋白能有效控制几种鳞翅目害虫。蝽象 Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood) 是美洲大豆的主要害虫,虽然可能会产生亚致死效应,但 Bt 作物无法控制这种害虫。即使对刺蝽没有负面影响,摄入毒素也会影响其生物控制者。我们通过 ELISA 检测 P. guildinii 是否摄取了 Bt 大豆中的 Cry1Ac,以及对其发育、繁殖、存活和摄食行为可能产生的影响。在受控条件下,对取食近似同源栽培品种 DM5958iPRO(Bt)和 DM59i(非 Bt)豆荚的若虫和成虫的生物特征进行了评估。使用交流-直流电笔图(EPG)装置记录了取食行为。结果表明,P. guildinii 摄食了 Cry1Ac 蛋白;然而,不同栽培品种的若虫期和累积存活率并无差异。取食 Bt 大豆豆荚不会影响繁殖力(即卵块数和卵/雌虫数)和卵的存活率。不同的取食行为仅在路径阶段(花柱刺入植物组织)发现,Bt 栽培品种的取食行为更为明显。不过,与非 Bt 植物相比,Bt 植物种子上取食活动的总持续时间要长(约 2 倍)。这是首次研究证明 P. guildinii 确实摄取了 Cry1Ac 蛋白,并在不被吸收的情况下将其排出体外,这可能是对其生物参数没有直接不利影响的原因。EPG可能表明,对于红带蝽来说,Bt大豆植物的适口性可能不如非Bt植物。
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引用次数: 0
A Five-Year Study on Infestation and Abundance of Bat Flies (Hippoboscoidea: Streblidae) Under Severe Dry Season Conditions in the Tropical Dry Forest of Yucatan, Mexico. 墨西哥尤卡坦热带旱林严重旱季条件下蝙蝠蝇(Hippoboscoidea: Streblidae)侵扰和丰量的五年研究。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01130-z
Ana Celia Montes de Oca-Aguilar, Martha Pilar Ibarra-López, Carlos N Ibarra-Cerdeña

In Mexico, few studies have explored how environmental conditions in tropical dry forests (TDF) influence bat fly load even though, according to climate change scenarios, this ecosystem will experience a drier and warmer climate. Such an extension of the dry season in these ecosystems could have dramatic consequences for biodiversity, particularly in regions with plains where animals do not have elevational climate shifts. The present study therefore evaluates the effect of prevailing environmental conditions during 2015-2019, as well as host body conditions, on the infestation and abundance of bat-specific ectoparasites and the composition and bat fly load in the dry season of a TDF in Yucatan. Since Yucatan has an essentially flat and low-lying topography, organisms cannot escape from the predicted extreme conditions with elevational shifts. This region is therefore an excellent location for assessment of the potential effects of warming. We collected 270 bat flies from 12 species. Three streblid species (Nycterophilia parnelli Wenzel, Trichobius johnsonae Wenzel, and Trichobius sparsus Kessel) are new records for Yucatan. Our overview of the dry season bat ectoparasite loads reveals low values of richness and prevalence, but high aggregation. Our models detected significant differences in ectoparasite infestation and abundance over the years, but the environmental and body host condition variables were unrelated to these. We report that pregnant females are parasitized to a greater extent by bat flies during the dry season, which generally represents the season of most significant nutritional stress.

在墨西哥,很少有研究探讨热带干旱森林(TDF)的环境条件如何影响蝙蝠的飞行量,尽管根据气候变化假设,这一生态系统将经历更干燥、更温暖的气候。这些生态系统旱季的延长可能会对生物多样性产生巨大影响,尤其是在平原地区,因为那里的动物不会发生高原气候变化。因此,本研究评估了 2015-2019 年期间的主要环境条件以及寄主体内条件对尤卡坦热带森林旱季中蝙蝠特有的体外寄生虫的侵扰和数量以及蝙蝠苍蝇的组成和数量的影响。由于尤卡坦的地形基本平坦低洼,生物无法随着海拔的升高而逃离预测的极端条件。因此,该地区是评估气候变暖潜在影响的绝佳地点。我们收集了来自 12 个物种的 270 只蝙蝠蝇。其中三个条纹种(Nycterophilia parnelli Wenzel、Trichobius johnsonae Wenzel 和 Trichobius sparsus Kessel)是尤卡坦的新记录。我们对旱季蝙蝠体外寄生虫负荷的概述显示,其丰富度和流行率都很低,但聚集度很高。我们的模型发现,外寄生虫的侵扰和数量在不同年份有显著差异,但环境和身体宿主条件变量与这些差异无关。我们报告说,怀孕雌性在旱季被蝠蝇寄生的程度更高,而旱季通常是营养压力最大的季节。
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引用次数: 0
Behavioral Modification of Leucauge mariana Induced by an Ichneumonid Spider-Parasitoid, Hymenoepimecis castilloi, in the Colombian Andes. 哥伦比亚安第斯山脉的一种恙螨类蜘蛛寄生虫Hymenoepimecis castilloi诱发的Leucauge mariana行为改变。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01110-9
Andrés F Velasco-Cárdenas, Jesús C Jacome-García, Diego G Pádua, Thiago G Kloss

Hymenoepimecis is a genus of Darwin wasps in the Polysphincta group of genera (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) known as ectoparasitoids of a broad spectrum of spiders. The parasitoid induces production of a web known as cocoon web, which provides shelter and support for the wasp pupa. In this study, we describe for the first time the interaction between Hymenoepimecis castilloi Pádua & Sääksjärvi (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and its host spider Leucauge mariana (Taczanowski) (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) in the Colombian Andes, provide new records of wasp genus distribution, and described the behavioral modifications induced in the spider. Web modifications occurred in the webs of both solitary and aggregated individuals. Adhesive spirals were lacking, and webs were connected to vegetation by multiple threads in all cocoon webs, which was not seen attached to webs of non-parasitized spiders. All parasitoid cocoons were observed hanging on a vertical line in the hub of the cocoon web. As previously described for other species, we believe that this modified web design results in increased web strength and favors parasitoid development during the pupal stage.

达尔文黄蜂属(Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae)是一种多浆蜂属(膜翅目:恙螨科:恙螨属),是多种蜘蛛的体外寄生虫。这种寄生虫会诱导黄蜂结茧,为蛹提供庇护和支持。在这项研究中,我们首次描述了哥伦比亚安第斯山脉中黄蜂(Hymenoepimecis castilloi Pádua & Sääksjärvi)(膜翅目:Ichneumonidae)与寄主蜘蛛Leucauge mariana (Taczanowski) (蛛形纲:Tetragnathidae)之间的相互作用,提供了黄蜂属分布的新记录,并描述了黄蜂诱导蜘蛛产生的行为变化。独居和聚居个体的蜘蛛网都发生了改变。所有茧网上都没有粘合螺旋,蛛网通过多条丝线与植被相连,这在未被寄生的蜘蛛蛛网上是看不到的。所有寄生茧都被观察到悬挂在茧网中心的垂直线上。正如之前对其他物种的描述一样,我们认为这种改良的蛛网设计增加了蛛网的强度,有利于寄生虫在蛹期的发育。
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引用次数: 0
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inducing Tomato Plant Resistance and Its Role in Control of Bemisia tabaci Under Greenhouse Conditions. 诱导番茄植株抗性的丛枝菌根真菌及其在温室条件下控制烟粉虱的作用
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01135-8
Fateme Shafiei, Shahnaz Shahidi-Noghabi, Ebrahim Sedaghati, Guy Smagghe

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are one of the environment-friendly organisms that enhance plant performance. AMF affect the herbivorous insect community by indirectly modifying host plant nutrient uptake, growth, and defense, also known as priming. In the current study, under greenhouse conditions, the effects of inoculating tomato seedlings with four species of AMF, i.e., Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus intraradices, Rhizophagus irregularis, and Glomus iranicus, were studied in relation to tomato plant growth parameters, plant defense enzymes, and total phenol content, and additionally, the life table of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) feeding on these plants was determined. The results demonstrated that the growth parameters of tomato plants, including plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, root volume, leaf surface area, weight of the root, and aerial organs (containing the leaves and stem), were greater and larger in the AMF-inoculated plants compared to the non-inoculated plants. Furthermore, there were higher defense enzyme activities, including peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase and polyphenol oxidase, and also higher total phenol contents in the AMF-inoculated plants. The whitefly life table characteristics were decreased in the group feeding on the AMF-inoculated plants. All together, the AMF colonization made the tomato plants more resistant against B. tabaci by improving plant growth and increasing defense enzymes. The degree of priming observed here suggests the potential of AMF to have expansive applications, including their implementation in sustainable agriculture.

丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)是一种环境友好型生物,可提高植物的生长性能。丛枝菌根真菌通过间接改变寄主植物的养分吸收、生长和防御能力来影响食草昆虫群落,也称为引诱作用。本研究在温室条件下,研究了给番茄幼苗接种四种 AMF(即 Funneliformis mosseae、Rhizophagus intraradices、Rhizophagus irregularis 和 Glomus iranicus)对番茄植株生长参数、植物防御酶和总酚含量的影响,此外还测定了取食这些植株的 Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)(半翅目:蝼蛄科)的生命表。结果表明,与未接种 AMF 的植株相比,接种 AMF 的植株的植株高度、茎直径、叶片数、根体积、叶表面积、根重量和气生器官(包括叶片和茎)等番茄植株生长参数更高、更大。此外,AMF 接种植株的过氧化物酶、苯丙氨酸氨裂解酶和多酚氧化酶等防御酶活性较高,总酚含量也较高。取食 AMF 接种植株的植株组的粉虱生命表特征有所下降。总之,AMF 定殖通过改善植物生长和增加防御酶,提高了番茄植株对烟粉虱的抵抗力。这里观察到的引诱程度表明,AMF 具有广泛的应用潜力,包括在可持续农业中的应用。
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引用次数: 0
First Report of Metadelphax propinqua (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) Feeding on Bermudagrass in Brazil. 巴西首次报告 Metadelphax propinqua (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) 以百慕大草为食。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01116-3
Leandro do Prado Ribeiro, Daian Marcos Savaris, Marcelo Salvatori, Eduardo Silva Gorayeb, Fábio Nascimento da Silva, Charles R Bartlett

Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Poaceae) is one of the most important pasture grasses used in milk production systems in southern Brazil, with an increasing expansion of cultivated areas in recent years. Here, we report the first occurrence of the planthopper Metadelphax propinqua (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) feeding on bermudagrass in Brazil. Population outbreaks of this species were observed in January/February 2023 in a commercial hay production farm in the municipality of Chapecó, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. Metadelphax propinqua was found in association with three cultivars of C. dactylon (Tifton 85, Jiggs, and Vaquero). The infested plants showed leaf chlorosis and a reduced plant growth rate due to sap sucking and toxin injection as well as honeydew deposition on the leaves, which led to the development of sooty mold. In addition, this delphacid species has been reported as a vector of important pathogens to bermudagrass species and other row crops. Thus, M. propinqua is a potential pest of bermudagrass in Brazil and should be monitored to assess its establishment and behavior in Brazilian pasturelands.

百慕大草(Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.,菊科)是巴西南部牛奶生产系统中最重要的牧草之一,近年来种植面积不断扩大。在此,我们报告了巴西首次出现的以百慕大草为食的跳甲 Metadelphax propinqua (Fieber) (半翅目:Delphacidae)。2023 年 1 月/2 月,在巴西南部圣卡塔琳娜州 Chapecó 市的一个商业干草生产农场观察到了该物种的种群爆发。发现 Metadelphax propinqua 与 C. dactylon 的三个栽培品种(Tifton 85、Jiggs 和 Vaquero)伴生。由于吸食汁液和注入毒素,以及蜜露沉积在叶片上,受侵染的植株出现叶片萎黄,植株生长速度下降,从而导致煤烟霉的产生。此外,有报告称这种三角梅是百慕大草和其他行作物重要病原体的传播媒介。因此,M. propinqua 是巴西百慕大草的潜在害虫,应该对其进行监测,以评估其在巴西牧场的建立和行为。
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引用次数: 0
Responses of two Anastrepha species' immature stages infesting preferential hosts to different temperature exposures. Anastrepha 两种幼虫在不同温度条件下对优先宿主的影响。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01124-3
Fábio Luis Galvão-Silva, Alexandre Santos Araújo, Vanessa Simões Dias, Antonio Souza do Nascimento, Iara Sordi Joachim-Bravo

Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) and A. obliqua (Macquart) are important pests of fruit crops. In Brazil, these species cause damage to fruit growing in the South (annual average temperature of 20.9 °C) and Northeast (average yearly temperature of 24 °C). We evaluated the effect of temperature on the viability and development time of A. fraterculus and A. obliqua immature stages in their respective preferred hosts, guava (Psidium guajava L., Myrtaceae) and mango (Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae). The duration of egg and pupal stages, egg to pre-pupa, and viability of egg and pupal stages under different temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C) were assessed. For both species, development time decreased with increasing temperature. Viability in the evaluated stages was only observed between 15 and 30 °C. However, the species responded differently to the exposure temperatures (15 and 30 °C), especially in the pupal stage and from egg to pre-pupa. Anastrepha fraterculus showed a lower tolerance to high temperatures, especially in the pupal stage and from egg to pre-pupa, which may explain its lower importance and economic impact in warmer Brazilian regions. Anastrepha obliqua had a lower tolerance at 15 °C, indicating greater adequacy for temperatures above 20 °C, characteristic of Northeast Brazil, suggesting the capacity to spread to cooler areas with rising temperatures.

Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) 和 A. obliqua (Macquart) 是水果作物的重要害虫。在巴西,这些害虫会对南部(年平均气温 20.9 °C)和东北部(年平均气温 24 °C)的水果造成危害。我们评估了温度对 A. fraterculus 和 A. obliqua 在其各自偏好的寄主番石榴(桃金娘科植物)和芒果(芒果科植物)中未成熟阶段的存活率和发育时间的影响。评估了不同温度(15、20、25、30 和 35 °C)下卵和蛹期的持续时间、卵到前蛹期的持续时间以及卵和蛹期的存活率。对于两种昆虫来说,发育时间都随着温度的升高而缩短。只有在 15 和 30 °C之间才能观察到所评估阶段的存活率。然而,两个物种对暴露温度(15 和 30 °C)的反应不同,尤其是在蛹期和从卵到蛹前期。翅果蝇(Anastrepha fraterculus)对高温的耐受性较低,尤其是在蛹期和从卵到蛹前的阶段,这可能是其在巴西温暖地区重要性和经济影响较低的原因。Anastrepha obliqua 对 15 ° C 的耐受性较低,这表明它更适合 20 ° C 以上的温度(巴西东北部的特点),这表明它有能力随着温度的升高扩散到温度较低的地区。
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Neotropical Entomology
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