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Genetic targeting of premyelinating oligodendrocytes reveals activity-dependent myelination mechanisms 髓鞘形成前少突胶质细胞的遗传靶向揭示了活性依赖的髓鞘形成机制
IF 25 1区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-02110-1
Aksheev Bhambri, Phu Thai, Songtao Wei, Han-Gyu Bae, Payton Reynolds, Daniela Barbosa, Tripti Sharma, Ze Yu, Chao Xing, Jun Hee Kim, Guoqiang Yu, Lu O. Sun
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引用次数: 0
APOE4 to APOE2 allelic switching in mice improves Alzheimer’s disease-related metabolic signatures, neuropathology and cognition 小鼠APOE4到APOE2等位基因转换改善阿尔茨海默病相关代谢特征、神经病理学和认知
IF 2 1区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-02094-y
Lesley R. Golden, Dahlia S. Siano, Isaiah O. Stephens, Steven M. MacLean, Kai Saito, Georgia L. Nolt, Jessica L. Funnell, Akhil V. Pallerla, Sangderk Lee, Cathryn Smith, Jing Chen, Haining Zhu, Clairity Voy, Callie M. Whitus, Gabriela Hernandez, Brandon C. Farmer, Kumar Pandya, Dale O. Cowley, Shannon L. Macauley, Scott M. Gordon, Josh M. Morganti, Lance A. Johnson
Compared to individuals carrying two copies of the ε4 allele of apolipoprotein E (APOE), ε2 homozygotes have an approximate 99% reduction in late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk. Here we develop a knock-in model that allows for an inducible ‘switch’ between risk and protective alleles (APOE4s2). Gene expression and proteomic analyses confirm that APOE4s2 mice synthesize E4 at baseline and E2 after tamoxifen administration. A whole-body allelic switch results in a metabolic profile resembling E2/E2 humans and drives AD-relevant alterations in the lipidome and single-cell transcriptome, particularly in astrocytes. Finally, when crossed to the 5xFAD background, astrocyte-specific E4 to E2 switching improves cognition, decreases amyloid pathology, lowers gliosis and reduces plaque-associated apolipoprotein E. Together, these data show that a short-term transition from APOE4 to APOE2 can broadly affect the cerebral transcriptome and lipidome, and that astrocyte-specific APOE replacement may be a viable strategy for future gene editing approaches to simultaneously reduce multiple AD-associated pathologies. Using a mouse model enabling an inducible ‘switch’, Golden et al. show that an astrocyte-specific replacement of the Alzheimer’s risk gene APOE4 with protective APOE2 alters metabolism and gene expression, reducing amyloid pathology and gliosis.
与携带两个载脂蛋白E (APOE)等位基因ε4拷贝的个体相比,ε2纯合子的晚发型阿尔茨海默病(AD)风险降低了约99%。在这里,我们开发了一种敲入模型,允许在风险等位基因和保护等位基因(APOE4s2)之间进行可诱导的“切换”。基因表达和蛋白质组学分析证实,APOE4s2小鼠在基线时合成E4,给药后合成E2。全身等位基因开关导致类似于E2/E2人类的代谢谱,并驱动脂质组和单细胞转录组中ad相关的改变,特别是在星形胶质细胞中。最后,当交叉到5xFAD背景时,星形胶质细胞特异性E4到E2转换改善认知,减少淀粉样蛋白病理,降低胶质细胞增生,减少斑块相关载脂蛋白e。这些数据表明,从APOE4到APOE2的短期过渡可以广泛影响大脑转录组和脂质组,星形胶质细胞特异性APOE替代可能是未来基因编辑方法的可行策略,可以同时减少多种ad相关病理。Golden等人利用小鼠模型实现可诱导的“开关”,表明星形胶质细胞特异性替代阿尔茨海默病风险基因APOE4,用保护性APOE2改变代谢和基因表达,减少淀粉样蛋白病理和神经胶质瘤。
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引用次数: 0
Flipping APOE to reverse Alzheimer’s disease traits 翻转APOE以逆转阿尔茨海默病的特征
IF 2 1区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-02108-9
Jeff Y. L. Lam, Kai Wang, Guojun Bu
In this issue of Nature Neuroscience, Golden et al. unveil a mouse model that enables in vivo ‘switching’ from the Alzheimer’s risk gene APOE4 to the protective gene APOE2. This genetic conversion reshapes Alzheimer’s disease-related metabolism, reduces neuropathology, and enhances cognition, demonstrating the beneficial effects of APOE genetic targeting as a promising therapeutic strategy.
在这一期的《自然神经科学》中,Golden等人揭示了一种小鼠模型,该模型能够在体内从阿尔茨海默病的风险基因APOE4“切换”到保护基因APOE2。这种基因转换重塑了阿尔茨海默病相关的代谢,减少了神经病理学,增强了认知,证明了APOE基因靶向作为一种有前途的治疗策略的有益作用。
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引用次数: 0
A genome-wide analysis of the shared genetic risk architecture of complex neurological and psychiatric disorders 复杂神经和精神疾病共享遗传风险结构的全基因组分析
IF 2 1区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-02090-2
Olav B. Smeland, Gleda Kutrolli, Shahram Bahrami, Vera Fominykh, Nadine Parker, Julian Fuhrer, Guy F. L. Hindley, Linn Rødevand, Piotr Jaholkowski, Markos Tesfaye, Pravesh Parekh, Torbjørn Elvsåshagen, Andrew D. Grotzinger, Nils Eiel Steen, Dennis van der Meer, Kevin S. O’Connell, Srdjan Djurovic, Anders M. Dale, Alexey A. Shadrin, Oleksandr Frei, Ole A. Andreassen
Although neurological and psychiatric disorders have historically been considered to reflect distinct pathogenic entities, recent findings suggest shared pathophysiological mechanisms. However, the extent to which these heritable disorders share genetic influences remains unclear. Here we performed a comprehensive analysis of genome-wide association study data, involving nearly 1 million cases across ten neurological diseases and ten psychiatric disorders, to compare their common genetic signal and biological associations. Using complementary statistical tools, we demonstrate that a large set of common genetic variants impacts the risk of multiple neurological and psychiatric disorders, even in the absence of genetic correlations. Furthermore, genome-wide association studies on psychiatric disorders consistently implicate neuronal biology, whereas neurological diseases are associated with diverse neurobiological processes. Together, this study elucidates the genetic relationship between complex neurological and psychiatric disorders, indicating a larger degree of genetic pleiotropy than previously recognized. The findings have implications for disease classification, precision medicine and clinical practice. Smeland et al. demonstrate greater genetic overlap between neurological and psychiatric disorders than previously recognized, along with diverse neurobiological associations. The findings support a more integrated view of brain-related illness.
尽管神经和精神疾病历来被认为反映了不同的致病实体,但最近的研究结果表明它们具有共同的病理生理机制。然而,这些遗传性疾病在多大程度上共享遗传影响仍不清楚。在这里,我们对全基因组关联研究数据进行了全面分析,涉及10种神经系统疾病和10种精神疾病的近100万例病例,以比较它们共同的遗传信号和生物学关联。利用互补的统计工具,我们证明,即使在没有遗传相关性的情况下,大量常见的遗传变异也会影响多种神经和精神疾病的风险。此外,精神疾病的全基因组关联研究始终涉及神经元生物学,而神经系统疾病与多种神经生物学过程相关。总之,这项研究阐明了复杂神经和精神疾病之间的遗传关系,表明遗传多效性的程度比以前认识到的要大。研究结果对疾病分类、精准医学和临床实践具有指导意义。Smeland等人证明,神经和精神疾病之间的遗传重叠比以前认识到的要大,同时还存在多种神经生物学关联。这些发现支持了对大脑相关疾病更全面的看法。
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引用次数: 0
High estrogen states enhance reinforcement learning 高雌激素状态增强强化学习
IF 2 1区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-02105-y
Masakazu Taira, Melissa J. Sharpe
We have all heard the cliché; hormones make us unreliable and unpredictable. However, in this issue of Nature Neuroscience, Golden et al. show that higher states of endogenous estrogen enhance reward prediction errors in sophisticated ways, which promotes adaptive behavior and improves performance.
我们都听过这个陈词滥调;荷尔蒙让我们变得不可靠、不可预测。然而,在本期的《自然神经科学》中,Golden等人表明,较高的内源性雌激素水平以复杂的方式增强了奖励预测误差,从而促进了适应性行为并提高了表现。
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引用次数: 0
Estrogen modulates reward prediction errors and reinforcement learning 雌激素调节奖励预测错误和强化学习
IF 2 1区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-02104-z
Carla E. M. Golden, Audrey C. Martin, Daljit Kaur, Andrew Mah, Diana H. Levy, Takashi Yamaguchi, Amy W. Lasek, Dayu Lin, Chiye Aoki, Christine M. Constantinople
Gonadal hormones act throughout the brain and modulate psychiatric symptoms. Yet how hormones influence cognitive processes is unclear. Exogenous 17β-estradiol, the most potent estrogen, modulates dopamine in the nucleus accumbens core, which instantiates reward prediction errors (RPEs), the difference between received and expected reward. Here we show that following endogenous increases in 17β-estradiol, dopamine RPEs and behavioral sensitivity to previous rewards are enhanced, and nucleus accumbens core dopamine reuptake proteins are reduced. Rats adjusted how quickly they initiated trials in a task with varying reward states, balancing effort against expected rewards. Nucleus accumbens core dopamine reflected RPEs that influenced rats’ initiation times. Higher 17β-estradiol predicted greater sensitivity to reward states and larger RPEs. Proteomics revealed reduced dopamine transporter expression following 17β-estradiol increases. Finally, knockdown of midbrain estrogen receptors suppressed sensitivity to reward states. Therefore, endogenous 17β-estradiol predicts dopamine reuptake and RPE signaling, and causally dictates the impact of previous rewards on behavior. Dopamine encoding of reward prediction errors naturally fluctuates over females’ reproductive cycles with estrogenic signaling due to reduced expression of dopamine reuptake proteins.
性腺激素作用于整个大脑并调节精神症状。然而,激素如何影响认知过程尚不清楚。外源性17β-雌二醇,最有效的雌激素,调节伏隔核核心的多巴胺,这体现了奖励预测误差(RPEs),即收到的和期望的奖励之间的差异。本研究表明,随着内源性17β-雌二醇的增加,多巴胺rpe和对先前奖励的行为敏感性增强,伏隔核核心多巴胺再摄取蛋白减少。在不同奖励状态的任务中,老鼠会调整它们启动试验的速度,平衡努力和预期奖励。伏隔核核心多巴胺反映了影响大鼠起始时间的RPEs。较高的17β-雌二醇水平预示着对奖励状态更敏感,rpe更高。蛋白质组学显示,17β-雌二醇升高后,多巴胺转运蛋白表达降低。最后,中脑雌激素受体的下调抑制了对奖励状态的敏感性。因此,内源性17β-雌二醇预测多巴胺再摄取和RPE信号,并导致先前奖励对行为的影响。由于多巴胺再摄取蛋白的表达减少,在雌性生殖周期中,多巴胺编码奖励预测错误自然波动。
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引用次数: 0
Author Correction: Transsynaptic labeling and transcriptional control of zebrafish neural circuits 作者更正:斑马鱼神经回路的跨突触标记和转录控制
IF 2 1区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-02174-z
Cagney E. Coomer, Daria Naumova, Mustafa Talay, Bence Zolyomi, Nathaniel J. Snell, Altar Sorkaç, Jean Michel Chanchu, Ji Cheng, Ivana Roman, Jennifer Li, Drew Robson, David L. McLean, Gilad Barnea, Marnie E. Halpern
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引用次数: 0
Subsecond dopamine fluctuations do not specify the vigor of ongoing actions 亚秒多巴胺波动并不能说明正在进行的动作的活力
IF 2 1区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-02102-1
Haixin Liu, Riccardo Melani, Marta Maltese, James Taniguchi, Akhila Sankaramanchi, Ruoheng Zeng, Jenna R. Martin, Nicolas X. Tritsch
Dopamine (DA) is essential for the production of vigorous actions, but how DA modifies the gain of motor commands remains unclear. Here we show that subsecond DA transients in the striatum of mice are neither required nor sufficient for specifying the vigor of ongoing forelimb movements. Our findings have important implications for our understanding of how DA contributes to motor control under physiological conditions and in Parkinson’s disease. Liu and colleagues show that the vigor (that is, speed and amplitude) of dexterous movements is not controlled by ongoing fluctuations in extracellular dopamine within the dorsal striatum of mice.
多巴胺(DA)对剧烈运动的产生至关重要,但DA如何改变运动命令的获得尚不清楚。本研究表明,小鼠纹状体的亚秒DA瞬间既不是确定前肢运动活力的必要条件,也不是充分条件。我们的发现对我们理解DA如何在生理条件下和帕金森病中促进运动控制具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Selective direct influence of motor cortex on limb muscle activity during naturalistic climbing in mice 运动皮层对小鼠自然攀爬过程中肢体肌肉活动的选择性直接影响
IF 2 1区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-02093-z
Natalie Koh, Zhengyu Ma, Abhishek Sarup, Amy C. Kristl, Mark Agrios, Margaret Young, Andrew Miri
When and how motor cortical output directly influences limb muscle activity through descending projections remain poorly resolved, impeding a mechanistic understanding of motor control. Here we addressed this in mice performing an ethologically inspired climbing behavior. We quantified the direct influence of forelimb primary motor cortex (caudal forelimb area) on muscles across the muscle activity states expressed during climbing. We found that the caudal forelimb area instructs muscle activity pattern by selectively activating certain muscles, while less frequently activating or suppressing their antagonists. From Neuropixels recordings, we identified linear combinations (components) of motor cortical activity that covary with these effects. These components differ partially from those that covary with muscle activity and differ almost completely from those that covary with kinematics. Collectively, our results reveal an instructive direct motor cortical influence on limb muscles that is selective within a motor behavior and reliant on a distinct neural activity subspace. Koh, Ma et al. show that during climbing, mouse motor cortex instructs limb muscle activity patterns primarily by selectively activating certain muscles at certain activity states, via neural activity patterns distinct from those previously described.
运动皮质输出何时以及如何通过下降投射直接影响肢体肌肉活动仍然不清楚,阻碍了对运动控制的机制理解。在这里,我们在老鼠身上进行了动物行为学启发的攀爬行为。我们量化了攀爬过程中前肢初级运动皮层(前肢尾端区)对肌肉活动状态的直接影响。我们发现,尾端前肢区域通过选择性地激活某些肌肉来指导肌肉活动模式,而较少地激活或抑制其拮抗剂。从神经像素记录中,我们确定了运动皮层活动的线性组合(组成部分),这些活动与这些效应共同变化。这些成分部分不同于那些与肌肉活动共变的成分,几乎完全不同于那些与运动学共变的成分。总的来说,我们的研究结果揭示了运动皮层对肢体肌肉的直接影响,这种影响在运动行为中是选择性的,并且依赖于不同的神经活动子空间。Koh, Ma等人表明,在攀爬过程中,小鼠运动皮层主要通过选择性地激活某些肌肉在某些活动状态下的活动模式来指导肢体肌肉的活动模式,这种活动模式与之前描述的不同。
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引用次数: 0
Microglia modulate Aβ-dependent astrocyte reactivity in Alzheimer’s disease 小胶质细胞调节阿尔茨海默病中a β依赖性星形胶质细胞的反应性
IF 25 1区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-02103-0
João Pedro Ferrari-Souza, Guilherme Povala, Nesrine Rahmouni, Bruna Bellaver, Pamela C. L. Ferreira, Marco Antônio De Bastiani, Douglas T. Leffa, Firoza Z. Lussier, Cristiano S. Aguzzoli, Wagner S. Brum, Giovanna Carello-Collar, Wyllians V. Borelli, Joseph Therriault, Arthur C. Macedo, Stijn Servaes, Jenna Stevenson, Ilaria Pola, Serge Gauthier, Diogo O. Souza, Lucas Porcello Schilling, Mychael V. Lourenco, Gallen Triana-Baltzer, Hartmuth C. Kolb, Andréa L. Benedet, Nicholas J. Ashton, Dana L. Tudorascu, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Sterling C. Johnson, Tharick A. Pascoal, Pedro Rosa-Neto, Eduardo R. Zimmer
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Nature neuroscience
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