Pub Date : 2025-10-14DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00850-x
Hongtao Sun
The development of safer, cheaper and more durable all-solid-state batteries demands a fundamental rethinking of composite cathode design. All-in-one cathode materials that integrate ionic conductivity, electronic conductivity and redox activity within a single phase redefine battery architecture by unifying electrochemical roles in one material.
{"title":"All-in-one cathode design for all-solid-state batteries","authors":"Hongtao Sun","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00850-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00850-x","url":null,"abstract":"The development of safer, cheaper and more durable all-solid-state batteries demands a fundamental rethinking of composite cathode design. All-in-one cathode materials that integrate ionic conductivity, electronic conductivity and redox activity within a single phase redefine battery architecture by unifying electrochemical roles in one material.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"11 1","pages":"2-4"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145381875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00849-4
Yoana Nuevo, Eva Hemmrich, Rosa Virto, Adela Nuñez, Celia Cerrato, René Thürmer, Diego Alejandro Dri, Scott McNeil, Tomáš Boráň
Horizon scanning is a strategic tool used by regulatory bodies to identify emerging technologies and guide decision-making. In its latest report on nanomedicines, the European Union Innovation Network presents key recommendations that illustrate the current dynamics between researchers and regulators and how strengthening this relationship could accelerate the translation of nanotechnology-based medicines into patient benefit.
{"title":"Horizon scanning to shape nanomedicines through researcher–regulator collaboration","authors":"Yoana Nuevo, Eva Hemmrich, Rosa Virto, Adela Nuñez, Celia Cerrato, René Thürmer, Diego Alejandro Dri, Scott McNeil, Tomáš Boráň","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00849-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00849-4","url":null,"abstract":"Horizon scanning is a strategic tool used by regulatory bodies to identify emerging technologies and guide decision-making. In its latest report on nanomedicines, the European Union Innovation Network presents key recommendations that illustrate the current dynamics between researchers and regulators and how strengthening this relationship could accelerate the translation of nanotechnology-based medicines into patient benefit.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 12","pages":"877-879"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145381876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-06DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00845-8
Materials researchers are trained to innovate and create. But now that it is clear the world has too much stuff, what is the path forward?
材料研究人员接受过创新和创造的培训。但现在很明显，世界上有太多的东西，前进的道路是什么？
{"title":"The materials we make don’t just go ‘away’","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00845-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00845-8","url":null,"abstract":"Materials researchers are trained to innovate and create. But now that it is clear the world has too much stuff, what is the path forward?","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 10","pages":"713-714"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41578-025-00845-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-06DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00846-7
Sreenivas Raguraman, Adam Griebel, Maitreyee Sharma Priyadarshini, Paulette Clancy, Timothy P. Weihs
Despite transformative advances in materials discovery, real-world performance still hinges on an often-overlooked variable: processing. To bridge the gap between discovery and deployment, processing must be elevated from an afterthought to a central pillar in design frameworks, data generation and machine learning.
{"title":"A call to elevate the role of processing in AI-driven materials design","authors":"Sreenivas Raguraman, Adam Griebel, Maitreyee Sharma Priyadarshini, Paulette Clancy, Timothy P. Weihs","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00846-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00846-7","url":null,"abstract":"Despite transformative advances in materials discovery, real-world performance still hinges on an often-overlooked variable: processing. To bridge the gap between discovery and deployment, processing must be elevated from an afterthought to a central pillar in design frameworks, data generation and machine learning.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 12","pages":"875-876"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-19DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00838-7
Kenneth E. Madsen, Matthew T. Flavin, John A. Rogers
Historic and ongoing efforts in ecology and environmental science have highlighted the pressing need to monitor the health, sustainability and productivity of global and local ecosystems. Interest in these areas reflects a need both to determine the suitability of environments to support human activity (settlement, agriculture and industry) and to evaluate the impacts of such anthropogenic action. Of interest are chemical, biological and physical factors that reduce ecosystem viability owing to human intervention. Evaluating these factors and their impact on global health, ecological stability and resource availability demands improvements to existing environmental sensing technologies. Current methods to quantify chemical pollutants, biological factors and deleterious physical conditions affecting target ecosystems suffer from lack of automation and narrow spatiotemporal range. Recent advances in materials science, chemistry, electronics and robotics offer solutions to this problem. A vision emerges for fully autonomous, networked and ecoresorbable sensing systems that can be deployed over large aerial, terrestrial and aquatic environments. This Review describes ongoing efforts in these areas, focusing on materials advances supporting the accurate quantification of environmental factors with apparatus that accommodates full or partial device resorption. Discussion begins with an overview of hazards affecting global ecosystems, followed by a description of existing detection methods to quantify their severity. We proceed with an exploration of existing and developing technologies affecting sensor dispersion, motility, communication and power. Finally, we describe exciting recent efforts in the development of environmentally degradable materials that could prove beneficial in the realization of massively distributed (millions of individual sensors) transient sensor networks. Accurate, spatiotemporally resolved monitoring of environments and ecosystems serves as the starting point to both identify and remedy natural or anthropogenic environmental hazards. This Review covers materials science advances supporting a new paradigm in environmental sensing: distributed networks of sensing elements capable of system-level profiling with the possibility of harmless environmental resorption after a predetermined recording period.
{"title":"Materials advances for distributed environmental sensor networks at scale","authors":"Kenneth E. Madsen, Matthew T. Flavin, John A. Rogers","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00838-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00838-7","url":null,"abstract":"Historic and ongoing efforts in ecology and environmental science have highlighted the pressing need to monitor the health, sustainability and productivity of global and local ecosystems. Interest in these areas reflects a need both to determine the suitability of environments to support human activity (settlement, agriculture and industry) and to evaluate the impacts of such anthropogenic action. Of interest are chemical, biological and physical factors that reduce ecosystem viability owing to human intervention. Evaluating these factors and their impact on global health, ecological stability and resource availability demands improvements to existing environmental sensing technologies. Current methods to quantify chemical pollutants, biological factors and deleterious physical conditions affecting target ecosystems suffer from lack of automation and narrow spatiotemporal range. Recent advances in materials science, chemistry, electronics and robotics offer solutions to this problem. A vision emerges for fully autonomous, networked and ecoresorbable sensing systems that can be deployed over large aerial, terrestrial and aquatic environments. This Review describes ongoing efforts in these areas, focusing on materials advances supporting the accurate quantification of environmental factors with apparatus that accommodates full or partial device resorption. Discussion begins with an overview of hazards affecting global ecosystems, followed by a description of existing detection methods to quantify their severity. We proceed with an exploration of existing and developing technologies affecting sensor dispersion, motility, communication and power. Finally, we describe exciting recent efforts in the development of environmentally degradable materials that could prove beneficial in the realization of massively distributed (millions of individual sensors) transient sensor networks. Accurate, spatiotemporally resolved monitoring of environments and ecosystems serves as the starting point to both identify and remedy natural or anthropogenic environmental hazards. This Review covers materials science advances supporting a new paradigm in environmental sensing: distributed networks of sensing elements capable of system-level profiling with the possibility of harmless environmental resorption after a predetermined recording period.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"11 1","pages":"26-49"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145931217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-12DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00832-z
Tianya Zhou (, ), Chuan Xu (, ), Wencai Ren (, )
Two-dimensional materials, such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride and transition metal dichalcogenides, are normally limited by the known 3D bulk materials. The design and synthesis of entirely new 2D materials, particularly van der Waals (vdW) layered materials, would significantly expand the properties and functionalities of 2D materials. In 2020, a novel vdW layered material, MoSi2N4, was synthesized by passivating the surface of 2D non-layered molybdenum nitride with the addition of elemental silicon, which has since opened up a new vdW materials family with the general formula MA2Z4. To date, over a hundred MA2Z4 materials and their derivatives have been predicted, in addition to the synthesized MSi2N4 (M = Mo, W), encompassing metals, semiconductors, superconductors, topological insulators, ferroelectrics and ferromagnets, owing to the diversity of elements and structures in MA2Z4. Such materials exhibit a variety of exceptional electronic, optical, thermal, mechanical, ferroelectric and magnetic properties, and they are promising for applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis and batteries. Over the past 4 years, the MoSi2N4 materials family has rapidly emerged as a key research frontier in materials science. In this Review, we summarize recent advances in the investigation of materials in the MoSi2N4 family, covering their crystal structure, synthesis methods, fundamental properties and potential applications, and provide an outlook on future research directions. The van der Waals MA2Z4 materials are a rapidly growing class of 2D materials with diverse electronic phases. This Review explores the structure, synthesis, properties and diverse applications of the emerging MA2Z4 family, highlighting their potential across electronics, catalysis and energy storage.
{"title":"The van der Waals MoSi2N4 materials family","authors":"Tianya Zhou \u0000 (, ), Chuan Xu \u0000 (, ), Wencai Ren \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00832-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00832-z","url":null,"abstract":"Two-dimensional materials, such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride and transition metal dichalcogenides, are normally limited by the known 3D bulk materials. The design and synthesis of entirely new 2D materials, particularly van der Waals (vdW) layered materials, would significantly expand the properties and functionalities of 2D materials. In 2020, a novel vdW layered material, MoSi2N4, was synthesized by passivating the surface of 2D non-layered molybdenum nitride with the addition of elemental silicon, which has since opened up a new vdW materials family with the general formula MA2Z4. To date, over a hundred MA2Z4 materials and their derivatives have been predicted, in addition to the synthesized MSi2N4 (M = Mo, W), encompassing metals, semiconductors, superconductors, topological insulators, ferroelectrics and ferromagnets, owing to the diversity of elements and structures in MA2Z4. Such materials exhibit a variety of exceptional electronic, optical, thermal, mechanical, ferroelectric and magnetic properties, and they are promising for applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis and batteries. Over the past 4 years, the MoSi2N4 materials family has rapidly emerged as a key research frontier in materials science. In this Review, we summarize recent advances in the investigation of materials in the MoSi2N4 family, covering their crystal structure, synthesis methods, fundamental properties and potential applications, and provide an outlook on future research directions. The van der Waals MA2Z4 materials are a rapidly growing class of 2D materials with diverse electronic phases. This Review explores the structure, synthesis, properties and diverse applications of the emerging MA2Z4 family, highlighting their potential across electronics, catalysis and energy storage.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 12","pages":"907-928"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145035758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-12DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00842-x
Ana Rute Costa
The construction industry consumes more than 40% of Earth’s raw material resources. It is time to rethink not just what we build, but how we value what is already built. Digital materials passports can help us to reuse and repurpose materials in the built environment, driving a shift towards a circular construction industry.
{"title":"Materials passports facilitate circularity in the construction industry","authors":"Ana Rute Costa","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00842-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00842-x","url":null,"abstract":"The construction industry consumes more than 40% of Earth’s raw material resources. It is time to rethink not just what we build, but how we value what is already built. Digital materials passports can help us to reuse and repurpose materials in the built environment, driving a shift towards a circular construction industry.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 10","pages":"720-721"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145043227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-08DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00831-0
Andrew R. Hanna, David A. Issadore, Michael J. Mitchell
To design a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) that effectively delivers nucleic acids to a specific cell or tissue type, multiple lipid components and their relative proportions must be decided on from a large number of options. As there is an incomplete understanding of the relationship between the molecular composition of a delivery vehicle, its structure and its activity, the decision is made by screening many formulations. Emerging technologies have rapidly accelerated the generation of large LNP libraries and the testing of their physicochemical properties and behaviour in vitro and in vivo. These screening tools are being increasingly integrated within artificial intelligence-driven discovery systems, wherein data obtained from the characterization and biological testing of LNPs are fed into machine learning models. These models can provide non-obvious relationships between composition and physical or biological outputs, or predict entirely new lipid structures. In this Perspective, we discuss advancements in the automation and parallelization of chemical synthesis, particle formulation, characterization and pharmacological screening that have improved the throughput of generating and testing large libraries of LNPs for nucleic acid delivery. We notably highlight the short-term potential of coupling these high-throughput platforms with machine learning to accelerate the prediction of optimal nucleic acid LNPs for new therapeutic targets. Discovering lipid nanoparticles for unmet clinical needs relies heavily on the screening of unique formulations incorporating distinct lipids and nucleic acid cargos. This Perspective highlights how automation and parallelization have accelerated the rate of lipid nanoparticle discovery and discusses how coupling these advances with machine learning enable the predictive design of new therapeutic candidates.
{"title":"High-throughput platforms for machine learning-guided lipid nanoparticle design","authors":"Andrew R. Hanna, David A. Issadore, Michael J. Mitchell","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00831-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00831-0","url":null,"abstract":"To design a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) that effectively delivers nucleic acids to a specific cell or tissue type, multiple lipid components and their relative proportions must be decided on from a large number of options. As there is an incomplete understanding of the relationship between the molecular composition of a delivery vehicle, its structure and its activity, the decision is made by screening many formulations. Emerging technologies have rapidly accelerated the generation of large LNP libraries and the testing of their physicochemical properties and behaviour in vitro and in vivo. These screening tools are being increasingly integrated within artificial intelligence-driven discovery systems, wherein data obtained from the characterization and biological testing of LNPs are fed into machine learning models. These models can provide non-obvious relationships between composition and physical or biological outputs, or predict entirely new lipid structures. In this Perspective, we discuss advancements in the automation and parallelization of chemical synthesis, particle formulation, characterization and pharmacological screening that have improved the throughput of generating and testing large libraries of LNPs for nucleic acid delivery. We notably highlight the short-term potential of coupling these high-throughput platforms with machine learning to accelerate the prediction of optimal nucleic acid LNPs for new therapeutic targets. Discovering lipid nanoparticles for unmet clinical needs relies heavily on the screening of unique formulations incorporating distinct lipids and nucleic acid cargos. This Perspective highlights how automation and parallelization have accelerated the rate of lipid nanoparticle discovery and discusses how coupling these advances with machine learning enable the predictive design of new therapeutic candidates.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"11 1","pages":"50-64"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145017728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-26DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00833-y
Fei Ai, Yi-Chun Lu
Coordination chemistry is central to the development of redox-active electrolytes for various applications, including electroplating, molecular screening, biomedicine, artificial synthesis and energy storage. This Review focuses on the role of coordination chemistry in the design of redox-active electrolytes for aqueous redox flow batteries. We analyse the key thermodynamic and kinetic properties of electrolytes through the framework of crystal-field theory, emphasizing how ligand properties, ligand-field effects and entropy influence redox potential, solubility and structural stability. We also discuss how coordination chemistry fine-tunes microscopic dynamic properties, thereby influencing electrochemical performance. In addition, we discuss characterization techniques that enable deep insight into the structure–function relationships of coordination-based electrolytes. Finally, we outline future directions for rational electrolyte design guided by coordination chemistry principles, with the aim to produce next-generation aqueous redox flow batteries with enhanced performance and tunability. Coordination chemistry has a pivotal role in advancing redox-active electrolytes for energy technologies. This Review examines how ligand properties and coordination effects shape electrolyte thermodynamics, kinetics and electrochemical performance, guiding the rational design of next-generation aqueous redox flow batteries.
{"title":"Coordination chemistry in advanced redox-active electrolyte designs","authors":"Fei Ai, Yi-Chun Lu","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00833-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00833-y","url":null,"abstract":"Coordination chemistry is central to the development of redox-active electrolytes for various applications, including electroplating, molecular screening, biomedicine, artificial synthesis and energy storage. This Review focuses on the role of coordination chemistry in the design of redox-active electrolytes for aqueous redox flow batteries. We analyse the key thermodynamic and kinetic properties of electrolytes through the framework of crystal-field theory, emphasizing how ligand properties, ligand-field effects and entropy influence redox potential, solubility and structural stability. We also discuss how coordination chemistry fine-tunes microscopic dynamic properties, thereby influencing electrochemical performance. In addition, we discuss characterization techniques that enable deep insight into the structure–function relationships of coordination-based electrolytes. Finally, we outline future directions for rational electrolyte design guided by coordination chemistry principles, with the aim to produce next-generation aqueous redox flow batteries with enhanced performance and tunability. Coordination chemistry has a pivotal role in advancing redox-active electrolytes for energy technologies. This Review examines how ligand properties and coordination effects shape electrolyte thermodynamics, kinetics and electrochemical performance, guiding the rational design of next-generation aqueous redox flow batteries.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 12","pages":"929-946"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144901133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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