Neuroscience Research最新文献_第2页

Nigral dopaminergic contact patterns related to striatal regions and cell types in male mice 雄性小鼠纹状体区域和细胞类型相关的黑质多巴胺能接触模式。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.105011

Yang Yang , Fuyuki Karube , Kenta Kobayashi , Fumino Fujiyama

Dopaminergic (DA) neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) form widespread projections to the dorsal striatum, yet whether these axons exhibit region or cell-type-specific structural organization remains unclear. Using AAV1-assisted anterograde trans-neuronal labeling combined with confocal three-dimensional reconstruction, we examined putative appositions between SNc-derived DA axons and three striatal neuron types—parvalbumin-positive interneurons (PV-INs), cholinergic interneurons (CINs), and preproenkephalin-positive indirect-pathway medium spiny neurons (PPE-iMSNs)—in the dorsomedial (DMS) and dorsolateral striatum (DLS). DA varicosities formed close appositions on both somata and dendrites of all neuron types. Quantitative analyses revealed significantly greater somatic appositions and a greater number of axons forming contacts in CINs of the DMS than in the DLS, whereas dendritic appositions exhibited modest variability depending on region and cell type. These findings indicate that DA axons form distinct region-specific contact patterns, particularly enhancing somatic appositions on cholinergic interneurons in the DMS. This anatomical specialization may contribute to differential DA modulation underlying goal-directed versus habitual behaviors mediated by DMS and DLS circuits.

黑质致密部（SNc）的多巴胺能（DA）神经元在背纹状体上形成广泛的投射，但这些轴突是否表现出特定区域或细胞类型的结构组织尚不清楚。利用aav1辅助的顺行跨神经元标记结合共聚焦三维重建，我们研究了snc衍生的DA轴突与三种纹状体神经元类型——小蛋白阳性中间神经元（PV-INs）、胆碱能中间神经元（CINs）和脑啡肽前阳性间接通路中棘神经元（ppp - imsns）在背内侧纹状体（DMS）和背外侧纹状体（DLS）中的可能关联。DA变异在所有神经元类型的体细胞和树突上都形成了紧密的关联。定量分析显示，与DLS相比，DMS的CINs中有更多的体细胞重合和更多的轴突形成接触，而树突重合则表现出适度的差异，这取决于区域和细胞类型。这些发现表明，DA轴突形成了不同的区域特异性接触模式，特别是增强了DMS中胆碱能中间神经元的体细胞附着。这种解剖专门化可能有助于DMS和DLS电路介导的目标导向行为和习惯行为的差异DA调制。

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引用次数: 0

Chemogenetic suppression of the macaque dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during oculomotor tasks reveals its role in inhibitory control 猕猴动眼肌任务中背外侧前额叶皮层的化学发生抑制揭示其在抑制控制中的作用。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.105010

Jiasen Jiang , Masamichi Sakagami , Ken-ichi Inoue , Masahiko Takada , Mineki Oguchi

Goal-directed behavior relies on the ability to suppress inappropriate or premature actions, an executive function termed inhibitory control. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is known to play a crucial role in this process; however, how its neural activity supports inhibition, and whether this role is distinct from working memory, remains unclear. To address this question, we combined chemogenetic suppression of the dlPFC with oculomotor paradigms in macaque monkeys. Two monkeys performed memory-guided (MGS), visually guided (VGS), and memory-guided with distractor (MGSD) saccade tasks while neuronal activity was recorded. Systemic administration of deschloroclozapine (DCZ) to activate inhibitory hM4Di receptors markedly increased fixation breaks during delay periods across all tasks, including the VGS task with minimal memory demands. In contrast, errors in saccade direction—indicative of memory failure—remained unaffected, even under high cognitive load (MGSD). Local field potential recordings revealed consistent reductions in gamma-band power following DCZ administration. These results indicate that the dlPFC supports inhibitory control in a manner dissociable from working memory processes. Our findings offer translational insights into the neural mechanisms underlying impulsivity and inhibitory deficits in psychiatric disorders.

目标导向行为依赖于抑制不适当或过早行为的能力，这是一种被称为抑制控制的执行功能。背外侧前额叶皮层（dlPFC）在这一过程中起着至关重要的作用；然而，它的神经活动如何支持抑制，以及这种作用是否与工作记忆不同，仍不清楚。为了解决这个问题，我们将dlPFC的化学发生抑制与猕猴的动眼力模式结合起来。两只猴子分别进行记忆引导（MGS）、视觉引导（VGS）和记忆引导带干扰物（MGSD）的扫视任务，同时记录神经元活动。全身给予地氯氯氮平（DCZ）以激活抑制性hM4Di受体，在所有任务中，包括具有最小记忆需求的VGS任务，在延迟期间显著增加固定休息。相比之下，即使在高认知负荷（MGSD）下，扫视方向上的错误（表明记忆失败）也不受影响。局部场电位记录显示，使用DCZ后，伽马波段功率持续降低。这些结果表明，dlPFC以一种与工作记忆过程分离的方式支持抑制性控制。我们的研究结果为精神疾病中冲动性和抑制性缺陷的神经机制提供了翻译见解。

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引用次数: 0

Gradual proactive regulation of body state by reinforcement learning of homeostasis 通过强化体内平衡学习对身体状态的逐步主动调节。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2026.105021

Mana Fujiwara , Honda Naoki

Living systems maintain physiological variables such as temperature, blood pressure, and glucose within narrow ranges—a process known as homeostasis. Homeostasis involves not only reactive feedback but also anticipatory adjustments shaped by experience. Prior homeostatic reinforcement learning (HRL) models have provided a computational account of anticipatory regulation under homeostatic challenges. However, existing formulations lack mechanisms for gradual, trial-by-trial adjustment and for extinction learning. To address this issue, we developed a continuous HRL framework that enables trial-wise tuning of anticipatory regulation. The model incorporates biologically informed components: asymmetric reinforcement, weighting negative outcomes more than positive outcomes; and a dual-unit, context-gated inhibitory mechanism. We applied the framework to thermoregulatory conditioning with ethanol-induced hypothermia and successfully reproduced cue-triggered compensation, gradual tolerance, and rapid reacquisition after extinction. We then extended the framework to multiple physiological variables influenced by shared neural or hormonal control signals, where compensating one variable can necessarily incur costs in others (e.g., heating at the expense of a fuel-like resource). Under uneven regulatory priorities, deviations propagated through shared control, yielding cascading, system-wide failure to stabilize near the ideal state—a failure mode discussed in autonomic dysregulation (e.g., dysautonomia, myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome). Overall, our framework provides a computational basis to advances a systems-level understanding of multi-organ homeostatic dysregulation in vivo.

生命系统将体温、血压和葡萄糖等生理变量维持在一个狭窄的范围内，这一过程被称为体内平衡。内稳态不仅包括反应性反馈，还包括由经验形成的预期调整。先前的稳态强化学习（HRL）模型提供了稳态挑战下预期调节的计算说明。然而，现有的配方缺乏渐进的、逐个试验的调整机制和灭绝学习机制。为了解决这个问题，我们开发了一个连续的HRL框架，可以在试验中对预期调节进行调整。该模型包含了生物学信息成分：不对称强化，负面结果的权重大于积极结果；以及一个双单元、情境控制的抑制机制。我们将该框架应用于乙醇诱导的低温热调节条件，并成功再现了线索触发的补偿、逐渐耐受和灭绝后的快速重新获取。然后，我们将该框架扩展到受共享神经或激素控制信号影响的多个生理变量，其中补偿一个变量必然会导致其他变量的成本（例如，以燃料类资源为代价的加热）。在不平衡的调控优先级下，偏差通过共享控制传播，产生级联的、系统范围的失败，无法稳定在理想状态附近——自主神经失调（例如，自主神经失调、肌痛性脑脊髓炎/慢性疲劳综合征）中讨论的失败模式。总的来说，我们的框架提供了一个计算基础，以推进对体内多器官稳态失调的系统级理解。

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引用次数: 0

A novel probe for precise and symmetric bilateral in utero electroporation in the mouse 一种用于小鼠子宫内精确对称双侧电穿孔的新型探针。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.105009

Eichi Toyoizumi , Arthur J.Y. Huang , Dai Yanagihara , Tomomi Shimogori , Thomas J. McHugh

In utero electroporation (IUE) has been an invaluable tool for the efficient expression of genes in the developing brain and widely employed in characterizing the molecular mechanisms of circuit formation. However, its application to other fields of neurobiology, including cognitive development, has been hampered by several limitations, including sparse expression, high hemispheric lateralization, and difficulty in targeting specific cortical or hippocampal regions. To address these issues, here we describe a novel IUE approach, specifically designed for use in the mouse, that combines up to four paddle and needle-type electrodes and permits precise, robust, and symmetrical bilateral transfection in a safe and efficient manner. The ability to achieve reproducible symmetric transfection patterns in brain regions involved in cognition will allow more intricate investigations into the molecular and circuit mechanisms of early cognitive development.

子宫内电穿孔（IUE）是研究大脑发育过程中基因高效表达的宝贵工具，并被广泛用于表征神经回路形成的分子机制。然而，它在包括认知发展在内的其他神经生物学领域的应用受到了一些限制，包括稀疏表达、半球高度偏侧化以及难以靶向特定的皮层或海马区域。为了解决这些问题，我们在这里描述了一种新的IUE方法，专门设计用于小鼠，它结合了多达四个桨形和针状电极，并允许以安全有效的方式进行精确，稳健和对称的双侧转染。在涉及认知的大脑区域中实现可重复的对称转染模式的能力，将允许对早期认知发展的分子和电路机制进行更复杂的研究。

引用次数: 0

An anterior–posterior gradient in hippocampal subfield volumes linking sleep health to cognition in young adults 年轻人海马亚区容量的前后梯度将睡眠健康与认知联系起来。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.105006

Tianfang Han, Tongfang Ding, Shubing Li, Toru Ishihara

Sleep has been robustly linked to hippocampal integrity and is considered important for cognitive function. However, it remains unclear how variations in sleep are associated with the structurally heterogeneous subfields of the hippocampus and how this association relates to cognition in healthy young adults. This study aimed to elucidate the multivariate relationships among sleep duration, quality, and timing, the specific hippocampal subfield volumes, and cognitive functions in a large sample of healthy young adults. We applied multiset canonical correlation analysis to data from 942 young adults (ages 22–37) from the Human Connectome Project. We examined relationships among self-reported sleep parameters (via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), high-resolution hippocampal subfield volumes, and a broad set of cognitive performance measures. We identified a single significant mode of covariation, wherein better sleep health—characterized by a moderate sleep duration (reflecting a nonlinear, inverted U-shaped relationship), higher sleep quality (e.g., fewer awakenings, less discomfort), and optimal sleep timing—was robustly associated with larger hippocampal volumes, particularly in the anterior subfields. This sleep–hippocampus pattern was also associated with enhanced cognitive performance. Our findings reveal a specific link among sleep, an anterior-dominant pattern of hippocampal structure, and cognition in healthy young adulthood. This suggests that the anterior hippocampus is a key anatomical structure involved in this association in healthy young adulthood.

睡眠与海马体完整性密切相关，被认为对认知功能很重要。然而，目前尚不清楚睡眠的变化如何与海马体结构异质亚区相关，以及这种关联如何与健康年轻人的认知相关。本研究旨在阐明大量健康青年样本中睡眠时间、质量和时间、特定海马亚区体积和认知功能之间的多变量关系。我们对来自人类连接组计划的942名年轻人（22-37岁）的数据进行了多集典型相关分析。我们研究了自我报告的睡眠参数（通过匹兹堡睡眠质量指数）、高分辨率海马体子区体积和一系列广泛的认知表现测量之间的关系。我们发现了一个单一的显著的共变异模式，其中较好的睡眠健康——以适度的睡眠时间为特征（反映非线性的倒u型关系），较高的睡眠质量（例如，较少的觉醒，较少的不适）和最佳的睡眠时间——与较大的海马体积，特别是在前亚区密切相关。这种睡眠-海马体模式也与认知能力增强有关。我们的研究结果揭示了睡眠、海马结构的前显性模式和健康青年的认知之间的特定联系。这表明，在健康的年轻成年中，前海马体是参与这种关联的关键解剖结构。

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引用次数: 0

High-resolution optogenetics generates distinguishable neocortical activity patterns in awake mice 高分辨率光遗传学在清醒小鼠中产生可区分的新皮层活动模式。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.105012

Ryosuke Yoshida , Yamato Ishii , Kotaro Yamashiro , Kei Furuya , Tianben Ding , Keisuke Goda , Nobuyoshi Matsumoto , Yuji Ikegaya

The neural basis of cognition is rooted in precisely coordinated population activity unfolding on the millisecond timescale. To causally probe these spatiotemporally intricate network dynamics, we developed a digital micromirror device (DMD)-based photostimulation platform featuring grid patterns with up to 2-μm spatial and 0.2-ms temporal resolution across a 2-mm-diameter area. Spatiotemporally patterned photostimulation to the primary somatosensory cortex of channelrhodopsin-2-expressing mice reliably evoked distinct electrophysiological population responses that deep learning algorithms accurately classified. Notably, rapidly changing illumination patterns evoked cortical activity with greater trial-to-trial consistency than conventional constant photostimulation. Thus, DMD-based spatiotemporal optogenetics enables precise and reproducible control of in vivo neuronal population activity.

认知的神经基础植根于精确协调的群体活动，在毫秒的时间尺度上展开。为了探索这些时空复杂的网络动态，我们开发了一个基于数字微镜设备（DMD）的光刺激平台，该平台具有在2 mm直径区域内高达2 μm空间分辨率和0.2 ms时间分辨率的网格模式。对表达通道视紫红质-2的小鼠的初级体感觉皮层进行时空模式的光刺激，可以可靠地引起不同的电生理群体反应，深度学习算法可以准确分类。值得注意的是，与传统的恒定光刺激相比，快速变化的光照模式诱发的皮层活动具有更大的一致性。因此，基于dmd的时空光遗传学能够精确和可重复地控制体内神经元群的活动。

引用次数: 0

Comprehensive DNA methylation analysis of brain and peripheral tissues following chronic risperidone treatment in common marmosets 普通狨猴慢性利培酮治疗后脑和外周组织的综合DNA甲基化分析。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.105000

Yui Murata , Ayaka Fujii , Yutaka Nakachi , Jianbin Du , Kiyoto Kasai , Miki Bundo , Kazuya Iwamoto

Antipsychotic drugs are increasingly recognized to exert therapeutic effects not only through neurotransmitter modulation but also, in part, through epigenetic mechanisms. Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic drug widely used to treat schizophrenia, yet its in vivo epigenomic effects remain poorly understood. We investigated genome-wide DNA methylation changes induced by chronic risperidone administration in the common marmoset, a non-human primate with high translational relevance. Adult males were treated orally with risperidone for 28 days. DNA methylation was analyzed in four brain regions (frontal cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, and caudate nucleus) and two peripheral tissues (blood and liver) using a HumanMethylation450K BeadChip adapted to the marmoset genome. Risperidone induced region- and tissue-specific methylation alterations. The brain showed predominant hypermethylation, and the hippocampus had the largest number of differentially methylated probes. Rank-rank hypergeometric overlap analysis revealed partial hypermethylation–hypermethylation concordance between the hippocampus or caudate and peripheral tissues, indicating partially coordinated changes. We also found that risperidone-treated neuroblastoma cells showed methylation patterns closely resembling those of the hippocampus, suggesting that the epigenetic changes are partly conserved in the cell models. These findings offer a framework for understanding the molecular basis of antipsychotic actions and for identifying potential epigenetic markers relevant to clinical effects.

人们越来越认识到抗精神病药物不仅通过神经递质调节，而且在一定程度上通过表观遗传机制发挥治疗作用。利培酮是一种广泛用于治疗精神分裂症的非典型抗精神病药物，但其体内表观基因组效应尚不清楚。我们研究了慢性利培酮在普通狨猴（一种具有高度翻译相关性的非人灵长类动物）中引起的全基因组DNA甲基化变化。成年男性口服利培酮28天。使用适用于狨猴基因组的HumanMethylation450K BeadChip分析了四个大脑区域（额叶皮质、海马、小脑和尾状核）和两个外周组织（血液和肝脏）的DNA甲基化。利培酮诱导区域和组织特异性甲基化改变。大脑表现出明显的高甲基化，海马具有最多的差异甲基化探针。Rank-rank超几何重叠分析显示海马或尾状体与外周组织之间存在部分高甲基化-高甲基化一致性，表明部分协调变化。我们还发现，利培酮治疗的神经母细胞瘤细胞显示的甲基化模式与海马的甲基化模式非常相似，这表明表观遗传变化在细胞模型中部分保守。这些发现为理解抗精神病作用的分子基础和识别与临床效果相关的潜在表观遗传标记提供了一个框架。

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引用次数: 0

Drug discovery research with iPSC models of neurodegenerative diseases 神经退行性疾病iPSC模型的药物发现研究。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.104985

Masahiro Adachi , Haruhiko Banno , Haruhisa Inoue

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are widely used in research because they can be used to create models of diseases with the same genomic background as in patients. iPSC-based screening is recognized as a valuable approach in drug discovery research. Additionally, efforts are underway to develop high-quality models for drug discovery and to better integrate translational research with clinical studies. This review focuses on neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and provides a broad overview of research using iPSCs, ranging from studies of disease mechanisms to applications in drug discovery. Furthermore, several clinical trials based on iPSC research have been initiated, including those of bosutinib, ropinirole, and ezogabine for ALS, and WVE-004 and BII078 for ALS/FTD. Finally, we also wish to highlight screening studies that incorporate artificial intelligence (AI).

诱导多能干细胞（iPSCs）被广泛应用于研究，因为它们可以用来创建与患者相同的基因组背景的疾病模型。近年来，人们认识到利用诱导多能干细胞进行筛选可以促进药物发现研究。此外，正在进行研究，以开发药物发现的高质量模型，并将转化研究与临床研究联系起来。目前的工作重点是神经退行性疾病，如肌萎缩性侧索硬化症（ALS）和阿尔茨海默病（AD），并广泛介绍了利用iPSCs的最新研究，从疾病机制研究到药物发现研究。此外，基于iPSCs研究的临床试验已经开展：博舒替尼、罗匹尼罗和埃佐加滨治疗ALS， WVE-004和BIIB078治疗ALS合并额颞叶痴呆（ALS/FTD），溴替亭治疗家族性AD。最后，我们还希望提到利用人工智能（AI）的筛选研究。

引用次数: 0

Neurodegenerative disease and autophagy in iPSC-based models iPSC模型中的神经退行性疾病和自噬。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.104991

Sodbileg Odonchimed , Keiko Imamura , Haruhisa Inoue

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the gradual deterioration of specific neuronal populations, ultimately resulting in motor, cognitive, or behavioral impairments. Despite the worldwide increase in disease incidence, effective therapies remain unavailable. A common pathological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases is the accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates. Accordingly, numerous studies and therapeutic strategies have focused on targeting these toxic aggregates and protein quality control via autophagy, a vital cellular recycling mechanism. Autophagy dysregulation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has emerged as a powerful platform for modeling neurodegenerative diseases, and iPSC-based models provide human-relevant systems for studying autophagic dysfunction in vitro. In this review, we discuss the key findings of recent studies investigating autophagy in iPSC-based models of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia, and other diseases.

神经退行性疾病的特征是特定神经元群的逐渐退化，最终导致运动、认知或行为障碍。尽管世界范围内疾病发病率增加，但仍然没有有效的治疗方法。神经退行性疾病的一个常见病理标志是错误折叠蛋白聚集体的积累，这损害了正常的细胞功能。因此，许多研究和治疗策略都集中在通过自噬（一种重要的细胞循环机制）靶向这些毒性聚集体和蛋白质质量控制上。自噬失调与几种神经退行性疾病的发病机制有关。诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）技术已经成为神经退行性疾病建模的强大平台，iPSC衍生的模型为体外研究自噬功能障碍提供了与人类相关的系统。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了最近研究自噬在基于ipsc的神经退行性疾病模型中的主要发现，包括阿尔茨海默病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、额颞叶痴呆和其他疾病。

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引用次数: 0

The neurobiology of human sequential signal prediction: Insights from language, music, and mathematics 人类序列信号预测的神经生物学：来自语言、音乐和数学的见解。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.105001

Tomoya Nakai , Tatsuya Daikoku , Yohei Oseki

Humans use various sequential signals, such as language, music, and mathematics, to convey complex information and facilitate communication. Previous research has identified two fundamental frameworks underlying human sequential signal processing: a structural framework, emphasizing rule-based hierarchical organization (e.g., syntax), and a predictive framework, which focuses on the brain’s capacity to anticipate upcoming inputs based on statistical regularities. While the structural approach underscores human-specific abilities, the predictive approach highlights mechanisms shared with non-human animals. We review behavioral and neural evidence across domains, demonstrating overlapping neural substrates, particularly in the inferior frontal gyrus, involved in structural processing of language, music, and mathematics. Likewise, predictive processing, indexed by ERP components such as N400 and P600, operates across domains to detect violations of expectation. Importantly, we argue that these frameworks are not mutually exclusive: structural knowledge can inform prediction, and predictive processes can, in turn, influence perceived structure. Cross-domain experiments and computational modeling suggest shared cognitive mechanisms, although domain-specific variations remain. We propose that the human brain integrates hierarchical structures with statistical learning to support flexible and generalized sequence processing. Future research should aim to develop unified models across domains, leveraging neuroimaging techniques and large language models.

人类利用语言、音乐、数学等各种顺序信号来传达复杂的信息，促进交流。先前的研究已经确定了人类序列信号处理的两个基本框架：一个是结构框架，强调基于规则的层次组织（如语法），另一个是预测框架，侧重于大脑基于统计规律预测即将到来的输入的能力。结构方法强调人类特有的能力，而预测方法强调非人类动物共有的机制。我们回顾了跨领域的行为和神经证据，展示了重叠的神经基质，特别是在额下回（IFG）中，涉及语言，音乐和数学的结构处理。同样，由ERP组件（如N400和P600）索引的预测处理跨域操作，以检测期望的违反。重要的是，我们认为这些框架并不是相互排斥的：结构知识可以为预测提供信息，而预测过程反过来又可以影响感知结构。跨领域实验和计算建模表明，尽管领域特定的差异仍然存在，但共享的认知机制。我们提出，人类大脑将层次结构与统计学习相结合，以支持人类灵活和广义的序列处理。未来的研究应该致力于开发跨领域的统一模型，利用神经成像技术和大型语言模型。

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引用次数: 0