Neuroscience Research最新文献

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Corrigendum to “Time-window of offline long-term potentiation in anterior cingulate cortex during memory consolidation and recall” [Neurosci. Res. 212 (2025) 75–83] “记忆巩固和回忆过程中前扣带皮层离线长期增强的时间窗口”的勘误[神经科学]。Res. 212 (2025) 75-83]

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.104926

Junyu Liu , Akihiro Goto , Yasunori Hayashi

引用次数: 0

Parent brain responses to child facial and vocal communication: What different methodologies reveal about parenting cognitions and practices as well as their moderation by parental status, gender, and culture as well as child characteristics 父母对儿童面部和声音交流的大脑反应：不同的方法揭示了父母的认知和实践，以及父母地位、性别、文化和儿童特征的调节作用。

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.104925

Marc H. Bornstein , Amir Gandjbakhche , Thien Nguyen , Gianluca Esposito

Parenting is constituted of caregiving cognitions and practices, based in evolution and biology as well as culture and context, and lodged in nervous system structure and function. This narrative review first discusses parenting and an orientation toward caregiving in terms of its nature, constituents, and goals. Next, the review operationalizes parenting cognitions and practices that are expressed in response to facial and vocal cues of young offspring and revealed in naturalistic and experimental studies using behavioral preferences, attention tasks, and implicit association tests. Studies of autonomic and central nervous system structures and functions in the service of parenting are subsequently reviewed. Taken together, these investigations of the parent nervous system reveal associations with, and likely neuropsychological underpinnings of, parenting cognitions and practices and begin to unveil specific mechanisms and loci in the human nervous system that define a neuroscience of parenting.

养育子女是由基于进化和生物学以及文化和环境的照料认知和实践构成的，并植根于大脑的结构和功能。这篇叙事性的回顾首先讨论了父母的养育和朝向照顾的性质、成分和目标。接下来，本文回顾了父母的认知和实践，这些认知和实践是通过对年幼子女的面部和声音线索的反应来表达的，并在使用行为偏好、注意任务和内隐联想测试的自然主义和实验研究中得到了揭示。自主神经和中枢神经系统的结构和功能在育儿服务的研究随后进行了审查。综上所述，这些对父母大脑的调查揭示了与父母认知和实践的关联，以及可能的神经心理学基础，并开始揭示人类神经系统中定义父母神经科学的特定机制和位点。

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引用次数: 0

Alteration of perineuronal nets and parvalbumin interneurons in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, and correlation with blood corticosterone in activity-based anorexia model mice 活动性厌食症模型小鼠前额皮质和海马神经元周围网和小白蛋白中间神经元的改变及其与血皮质酮的相关性。

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.104922

Hoang Duy Nguyen , Haruko Miyazaki , Hiroki Kawai , Ziyi Wang , Shinji Sakamoto , Manabu Takaki , Toshitaka Oohashi

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder characterized by restricted energy intake, severely underweight status, and frequent hyperactivity. Previous research has shown structural and functional alterations in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus of AN patients. To investigate the pathological mechanism of AN, we analyzed the expression and distribution of parvalbumin (PV) interneurons and perineuronal nets (PNNs), which are implicated in the pathology of neuropsychiatric disorders, in the mPFC and hippocampus dorsal (HPCd) and ventral (HPCv) using an activity-based anorexia (ABA) mouse model. We found that PNN expression and density increased in the mPFC, with minor alterations in the HPCd and HPCv of ABA mice. The expression and distribution of PV neurons were unchanged in the brains of ABA mice, except for a regional decrease in PV-expressing neuron density in the HPCd. Co-localization analysis showed an increased number of PNNs enwrapping PV-negative neurons in the mPFC of ABA mice. Furthermore, the upregulation of PNN expression in the mPFC was positively correlated with elevated blood corticosterone levels, a well-known stress indicator, in ABA mice. Our findings suggest that the increased expression and distribution of PNNs surrounding PV-negative neurons in the mPFC may indicate the pathological mechanisms of AN.

神经性厌食症（AN）是一种以能量摄入受限、体重严重不足和频繁多动为特征的饮食失调。先前的研究表明，AN患者的内侧前额叶皮层（mPFC）和海马结构和功能发生改变。为了探讨AN的病理机制，我们利用活动性厌食症（ABA）小鼠模型，分析了与神经精神疾病病理有关的mPFC和海马背侧（HPCd）和腹侧（HPCv）的小白蛋白（PV）中间神经元和神经周围网络（pnn）的表达和分布。我们发现PNN的表达和密度在ABA小鼠的mPFC中增加，而在HPCd和HPCv中有轻微的变化。ABA小鼠脑内PV神经元的表达和分布没有变化，但在HPCd中表达PV神经元的密度出现了局部下降。共定位分析显示ABA小鼠mPFC中包裹pv -阴性神经元的pnn数量增加。此外，在ABA小鼠中，mPFC中PNN表达的上调与血皮质酮水平升高呈正相关，皮质酮是一种众所周知的应激指标。我们的研究结果表明，mPFC中pv -阴性神经元周围pnn的表达和分布增加可能提示了AN的病理机制。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of L-alanine on sleep through taste properties in Drosophila melanogaster l -丙氨酸通过果蝇味觉特性对睡眠的影响。

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.104924

Rabia Garibağaoğlu, Riho Kobayashi , Victoria Hanashiro, Jun Tomita, Kazuhiko Kume

Sleep and nutrition are important for the survival of organisms. This study focuses on the effects of amino acids, specifically L-alanine, on sleep of Drosophila melanogaster. Some amino acids including L-alanine are shown to be attractive to flies. To assess their effect on sleep, either sucrose (sweet) or sorbitol (non-sweet) was used as a base sugar of the food. Sleep was measured using monitors with infrared beams, and feeding behavior was examined by food intake and proboscis extension response tests. L-alanine supplementation in a sweet diet did not alter sleep, but supplementation in a non-sweet diet increased sleep. The addition of non-nutritive sweetener, sucralose to a non-sweet diet also increased sleep, but combining sucralose with L-alanine did not produce additive effects. L-alanine also increased the lifespan of aged flies when supplemented in a non-sweet diet. These findings suggest that the attractive taste properties of L-alanine induced sleep and offer new insights into the relationship between sleep and taste.

睡眠和营养对生物体的生存至关重要。本研究主要研究氨基酸，特别是l -丙氨酸对黑腹果蝇睡眠的影响。包括l -丙氨酸在内的一些氨基酸对苍蝇很有吸引力。为了评估它们对睡眠的影响，研究人员使用蔗糖（甜味）或山梨醇（非甜味）作为食物的基础糖。研究人员使用红外线光束监测睡眠，并通过食物摄入和喙伸反应测试来检查进食行为。在甜的饮食中补充l -丙氨酸不会改变睡眠，但在非甜的饮食中补充l -丙氨酸会增加睡眠。在不吃甜食的饮食中加入非营养性甜味剂三氯蔗糖也会增加睡眠，但三氯蔗糖和l -丙氨酸的结合不会产生附加效应。在不含糖的饮食中补充l -丙氨酸也能延长年老果蝇的寿命。这些发现表明，l -丙氨酸吸引人的味觉特性诱导了睡眠，并为睡眠和味觉之间的关系提供了新的见解。

引用次数: 0

Role of endogenous NT-3 in neuronal activity and neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus 内源性NT-3在海马齿状回神经元活动和神经发生中的作用。

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.104923

Nanami Kasakura, Yuka Murata, Kanzo Suzuki, Eri Segi-Nishida

Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) is a neurotrophic factor that regulates neuronal differentiation and synaptic plasticity. In the adult central nervous system, NT-3 is predominantly expressed in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). Chronic antidepressant treatment suppresses Ntf3 expression in the DG; however, its functional significance remains unclear. To investigate the role of NT-3 in the adult DG, an adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated knockdown system was employed in mice. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that TrkC, the high-affinity receptor for NT-3, was highly expressed in the DG. Under basal conditions, NT-3 knockdown significantly reduced the expression of FosB, an activity-dependent marker. Gene expression analysis showed that Arc, Egr1, and Fosb expressions were also significantly decreased. Although NT-3 knockdown did not affect cell proliferation in the DG, it impaired dendritic elongation in immature neurons. Additionally, NT-3 knockdown significantly reduced Npy expression. These findings suggest that endogenous NT-3 in the adult DG regulates both basal neuronal activity and newborn neuronal differentiation, contributing to hippocampal homeostasis. Further research is required to determine whether NT-3 downregulation induced by chronic antidepressant treatment influences neuronal activity and hippocampal plasticity in neuropsychiatric conditions.

神经营养因子-3 （NT-3）是一种调节神经元分化和突触可塑性的神经营养因子。在成人中枢神经系统中，NT-3主要在海马齿状回（DG）中表达。慢性抗抑郁治疗抑制Ntf3在DG中的表达；然而，其功能意义尚不清楚。为了研究NT-3在成年DG中的作用，在小鼠中采用了腺相关病毒（AAV）介导的敲低系统。免疫组化分析显示NT-3高亲和受体TrkC在DG中高表达。在基础条件下，NT-3敲低可显著降低FosB（一种活性依赖性标志物）的表达。基因表达分析显示，Arc、Egr1和Fosb的表达也显著降低。虽然NT-3敲除不影响DG中的细胞增殖，但它会损害未成熟神经元的树突伸长。此外，NT-3敲除显著降低Npy的表达。这些发现表明，成人DG中的内源性NT-3调节基础神经元活动和新生神经元分化，有助于海马稳态。慢性抗抑郁药物治疗诱导的NT-3下调是否会影响神经精神疾病患者的神经元活动和海马可塑性，尚需进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Synaptic plasticity induced by CA1 synaptic input with bursts superimposed on low-frequency rhythms 低频节奏叠加CA1脉冲突触输入诱导的突触可塑性

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.104913

Satoshi Fujii , Yoshihiko Yamazaki , Hiroki Fujiwara , Jun-Ichi Goto , Takeo Watanabe , Katsuhiko Mikoshiba

Hippocampal neurons fire synchronously in a population at low frequencies and burst individually at high frequencies, with synaptic plasticity thought to depend on the interplay of these firing patterns. This study investigated synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal CA1 region induced by synaptic input with bursts superimposed on low-frequency rhythms. Low-frequency stimulation (LFS) was varied from 0.5 to 5 Hz, and various numbers of bursts (3–1000) consisting of 2–4 pulses at 100 Hz were superimposed on LFS. The patterned stimuli with 1-Hz LFS effectively induced synaptic plasticity. The direction and magnitude of plasticity depended on the number of bursts. We identified key roles for adenosine A₁ receptors and GABAergic signaling in regulating synaptic plasticity. The blockade of adenosine A₁ receptors increased the magnitude of long-term potentiation induced by specific burst patterns and differentially affected synaptic plasticity induced by 1-Hz LFS. Through its interactions with hippocampal rhythms and inhibitory circuits, adenosine elevated extracellularly during conditioning stimuli regulated the magnitude and direction of synaptic plasticity. This study proposes hypotheses for the role of adenosine in the modulation of synaptic plasticity, which maintains the balance between potentiation and depression in hippocampal circuits.

海马体神经元在群体中以低频率同步放电，在高频率单独爆发，突触的可塑性被认为取决于这些放电模式的相互作用。本研究探讨了低频节奏叠加的突触输入对海马CA1区突触可塑性的影响。低频刺激（LFS）在0.5 ~ 5 Hz范围内变化，在LFS上叠加由2-4次100 Hz脉冲组成的不同次数的脉冲（3-1000次）。1 hz LFS模式刺激能有效诱导突触可塑性。塑性的方向和大小取决于爆发的次数。我们确定了腺苷A1受体和gaba能信号在调节突触可塑性中的关键作用。腺苷A1受体的阻断增加了特定爆发模式诱导的长期增强的强度，并对1 hz LFS诱导的突触可塑性产生了差异影响。通过与海马节律和抑制回路的相互作用，腺苷在条件反射刺激下的细胞外升高调节突触可塑性的大小和方向。本研究提出了腺苷在突触可塑性调节中的作用假设，突触可塑性在海马回路中维持增强和抑制之间的平衡。

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引用次数: 0

Whole-brain long-range connectivity of glutamatergic, GABAergic, parvalbumin-expressing and somatostatin-expressing neurons in mouse somatosensory cortex 小鼠体感觉皮层谷氨酸能、gaba能、小蛋白表达和生长抑素表达神经元的全脑远程连通性

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.104912

Zhaoxin Zhu , Tao Jiang , Xueyan Jia , Xiaojun Wang , Miao Ren

Understanding the composition of cortical circuits at the whole-brain scale is crucial. However, the specific ways in which particular neuronal types in the primary somatosensory cortex (SSp) establish connections with upstream and downstream brain regions remain unclear. In this study, we used whole-brain imaging technology with submicron resolution to systematically reveal the long-range connectivity patterns of glutamatergic, GABAergic, parvalbumin-expressing (PV+), and somatostatin-expressing (SOM+) neurons in the SSp. Our results show that while glutamatergic, GABAergic, PV+ , and SOM+ neurons receive similar upstream afferent, specific thalamic subregions showed numerically stronger afferent to GABAergic, PV+ , and SOM+ neurons compared to glutamatergic neurons. Additionally, glutamatergic neurons exhibit a more complex collateral projection pattern in subcortical axonal pathways compared to PV+ neurons. These findings elucidate the long-range connectivity patterns of specific neuronal types in the SSp, offering new insights into the cell-type-specific mechanisms of sensory information processing.

在全脑范围内了解皮层回路的组成是至关重要的。然而，初级体感觉皮层（SSp）中特定神经元类型与大脑上游和下游区域建立联系的具体方式尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们使用亚微米分辨率的全脑成像技术系统地揭示了SSp中谷氨酸能、gaba能、小蛋白表达（PV+）和生长抑素表达（SOM+）神经元的远程连接模式。我们的研究结果表明，虽然谷氨酸能、GABAergic、PV+ 和SOM+ 神经元接受类似的上游传入信号，但与谷氨酸能神经元相比，特定的丘脑亚区对GABAergic、PV+ 和SOM+ 神经元的传入信号在数值上更强。此外，与PV+ 神经元相比，谷氨酸能神经元在皮层下轴突通路中表现出更复杂的侧支投射模式。这些发现阐明了SSp中特定神经元类型的远程连接模式，为了解感觉信息处理的细胞类型特异性机制提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Possible role of mosaic mutations of neurodevelopmental disorder-related genes in bipolar disorder: Lessons from Kmt2c chimeric heterozygous knockout mice 神经发育障碍相关基因镶嵌突变在双相情感障碍中的可能作用：来自Kmt2c嵌合敲除小鼠的经验教训。

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.05.005

Takumi Nakamura , Kazuo Nakajima , Noriko Fujimori-Tonou , Takaoki Kasahara , Takashi Tsuboi , Tadafumi Kato

We recently found a loss of function mosaic mutation of KMT2C, a causative gene for autism spectrum disorder and Kleefstra syndrome, in a patient with bipolar disorder and reported that somatic mutations in neurodevelopmental disorder-related genes are increased in bipolar disorder by deep exome sequencing analysis. However, causal roles of neurodevelopmental disorder-related mutations in bipolar disorder, a qualitatively different mental disorder, are not known. In this study, we focused on a loss of function mutation of Kmt2c, that causes autism-like phenotypes in mice. To simulate a mosaic mutation found in the patient, we generated mosaic Kmt2c knockout mice using conventional chimera mice technology. We showed that the mosaic Kmt2c knockout mice did not show autism-like behavior but presented anxiety disorder-like symptom, which is avoidance to a corner where the mice previously experienced air puff. The rate of depression-like episodes measured by wheel running recording did not differ from control mosaic mice. These results suggest that mosaic mutations of neurodevelopmental disorder-related genes can cause qualitatively different anxiety disorder-like phenotypes. Because anxiety is one of symptomatic spectrum of bipolar disorder, these findings support the role of mosaic mutations of neurodevelopmental disorder-related genes as a component of the genetic architecture of bipolar disorder.

我们最近在一名双相情感障碍患者中发现了自闭症谱系障碍和Kleefstra综合征的致病基因KMT2C的功能缺失镶嵌突变，并报道了通过深度外显子组测序分析，神经发育障碍相关基因的体细胞突变在双相情感障碍中增加。然而，神经发育障碍相关突变在双相情感障碍（一种性质不同的精神障碍）中的因果作用尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们关注的是导致小鼠自闭症样表型的Kmt2c功能缺失突变。为了模拟在患者身上发现的嵌合体突变，我们使用传统的嵌合体小鼠技术产生了嵌合体Kmt2c敲除小鼠。我们发现马赛克Kmt2c基因敲除小鼠没有表现出自闭症样的行为，但表现出焦虑障碍样的症状，即回避小鼠以前经历过的一个角落。通过滚轮跑步记录测量的抑郁样发作率与对照马赛克小鼠没有差异。这些结果表明，神经发育障碍相关基因的马赛克突变可以引起质量上不同的焦虑样表型。由于焦虑是双相情感障碍的症状谱之一，这些发现支持了神经发育障碍相关基因的马赛克突变作为双相情感障碍遗传结构的一个组成部分的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Long-lasting expression of FosB/ΔFosB immunoreactivity following acute stress in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the rat hypothalamus 急性应激后大鼠下丘脑室旁核和视上核中FosB/ΔFosB免疫反应性的长期表达。

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.104911

Katsuya Uchida , Gopal Das , Ashraf H. Talukder , Kazunori Kageyama , Keiichi Itoi

We examined expression profiles of FosB/∆FosB immunoreactivity and fosB gene transcripts in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH) and the supraoptic nucleus (SON) of rats following acute surgical stress (SS) and restraint stress (RS) and compared them with those of c-Fos immunoreactivity and c-fos mRNA. Following SS, the number of FosB/ΔFosB-ir cells markedly increased, the time course of which was slow-onset and long-lasting, in contrast with rapid-onset and short-lived c-Fos expression. Characteristically long-lasting FosB/ΔFosB expression was also observed following RS. On the other hand, fosB mRNA was short-lived, and its time course not much different from that of c-fos mRNA; thus, the long-lasting expression of FosB/∆FosB immunoreactivity may be attributed to the longer half-life of FosB proteins, and not to the persistent expression of fosB gene transcripts. Following SS, FosB/ΔFosB immunoreactivity was present mainly in PVH corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) neurons and SON vasopressin (AVP) neurons, while c-Fos immunoreactivity in either PVH CRF neurons, or AVP and oxytocin neurons in PVH and SON. Following RS, FosB/ΔfosB- and c-Fos expression was almost restricted to PVH CRF neurons. The present study raises the possibility that FosB proteins in discrete populations of hypothalamic neuroendocrine neurons may play roles in forming adaptability to and/or resilience against stress, which takes longer than the acute phase response.

我们检测了急性手术应激（SS）和约束应激（RS）大鼠下丘脑室旁核（PVH）和视上核（SON）中FosB/∆FosB免疫反应性和FosB基因转录物的表达谱，并与c-Fos免疫反应性和c-Fos mRNA的表达谱进行了比较。SS后，FosB/ΔFosB-ir细胞数量明显增加，且时间过程缓慢且持续时间长，而c-Fos表达为快速且短暂。RS后FosB/ΔFosB的表达时间长，而FosB mRNA的表达时间短，与c-fos mRNA的表达时间相差不大；因此，长期表达FosB/∆FosB的免疫反应性可能是由于FosB蛋白的半衰期较长，而不是由于FosB基因转录物的持续表达。SS后，FosB/ΔFosB免疫反应性主要存在于PVH促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子（CRF）神经元和SON加压素（AVP）神经元中，而c-Fos免疫反应性既存在于PVH CRF神经元中，也存在于PVH和SON中AVP和催产素神经元中。RS后，FosB/ΔfosB-和c-Fos的表达几乎仅限于PVH CRF神经元。目前的研究提出了一种可能性，即下丘脑神经内分泌神经元离散群体中的FosB蛋白可能在形成对压力的适应性和/或恢复力方面发挥作用，这比急性期反应需要更长的时间。

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引用次数: 0

Endogenously generated patterns of neural activity sculpt axon connectivity 内源性产生的神经活动模式塑造轴突连通性。

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Research

Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.05.003

Naoyuki Matsumoto

Neural activity is crucial in establishing functional circuit connectivity in the central nervous system. Prior to the onset of sensory experience, sensory organs spontaneously generate patterned neural activity, which is essential for sculpting and refining immature circuit connectivity coordinating functional and physiological responses to the external world in advance. How these endogenous patterns of neural activity drive circuit refinement is a major long-standing question; however, it has been impeded, at least partly, by technical difficulties in visualizing circuit refinement and patterned spontaneous activity in living animals. In this review, I discuss recent progress in visualizing circuit refinement processes and patterned spontaneous activity at the single-axon level in the mammalian visual system and consider how endogenous patterns of spontaneous activity drive fine-scale axon refinement during development.

神经活动在中枢神经系统的功能回路连接中起着至关重要的作用。在感觉体验开始之前，感觉器官自发地产生模式神经活动，这对于雕刻和完善未成熟的电路连接至关重要，预先协调对外部世界的功能和生理反应。这些内源性的神经活动模式如何驱动回路的细化是一个长期存在的主要问题；然而，它已经受到阻碍，至少部分地，由于技术上的困难，在可视化电路细化和模式的自发活动的活体动物。在这篇综述中，我讨论了在哺乳动物视觉系统中单轴突水平上可视化电路优化过程和模式自发活动的最新进展，并考虑了在发育过程中自发活动的内源性模式是如何驱动精细尺度轴突优化的。

引用次数: 0

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