Kamel Boubakri, T. Idoui, C. Montanari, F. Barbieri, F. Gardini, G. Vignolo
Kaddid is a dry-fermented meat product traditionally produced in North Africa by spontaneous fermentation. As a reservoir of natural biodiversity, the identification and relevant traits of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were carried out from South-western Algeria homemade samples. After a preliminary physiological and biochemical screening, 19 presumptive LAB isolates were selected on the basis of antimicrobial compounds production. The isolates were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Weissella cibaria, W. confusa, W. paramesenteroides, Pediococcusacidilactici, and Enterococcus hirae. As predominant, the safety and technological characterization of Weissella strains were performed. The production of antimicrobial and antifungal compounds was observed, while neither H2S, biogenic amines nor hemolytic activity were detected; antibiotic resistance was exhibited, however several strains were more susceptible to assayed antibiotics. Technological characterization of Weissella strains showed high acidification rates even in the presence of up to 10 % NaCl, autolytic and proteolytic capacity however, no EPS production and lipolytic activity were observed. Strains characterization led to the selection of W. cibaria BK2, W. confusa BK6 and BK11 as well as W. paramesenteroides BK8 to be considered as possible candidates for use as starter culture for kaddid fermentation to improve and standardize this traditional meat product.
{"title":"Identification, safety and technological characteristics of Weissella strains from traditional Southwestern Algerian kaddid","authors":"Kamel Boubakri, T. Idoui, C. Montanari, F. Barbieri, F. Gardini, G. Vignolo","doi":"10.36547/nbc.1269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36547/nbc.1269","url":null,"abstract":"Kaddid is a dry-fermented meat product traditionally produced in North Africa by spontaneous fermentation. As a reservoir of natural biodiversity, the identification and relevant traits of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were carried out from South-western Algeria homemade samples. After a preliminary physiological and biochemical screening, 19 presumptive LAB isolates were selected on the basis of antimicrobial compounds production. The isolates were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Weissella cibaria, W. confusa, W. paramesenteroides, Pediococcusacidilactici, and Enterococcus hirae. As predominant, the safety and technological characterization of Weissella strains were performed. The production of antimicrobial and antifungal compounds was observed, while neither H2S, biogenic amines nor hemolytic activity were detected; antibiotic resistance was exhibited, however several strains were more susceptible to assayed antibiotics. Technological characterization of Weissella strains showed high acidification rates even in the presence of up to 10 % NaCl, autolytic and proteolytic capacity however, no EPS production and lipolytic activity were observed. Strains characterization led to the selection of W. cibaria BK2, W. confusa BK6 and BK11 as well as W. paramesenteroides BK8 to be considered as possible candidates for use as starter culture for kaddid fermentation to improve and standardize this traditional meat product.","PeriodicalId":19210,"journal":{"name":"Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49144206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The pineapple industry generates large amounts of unusable waste (peel and core) with adverse environmental impacts. This experimental study aims to systemize the potential of ultrasonic-assisted alkaline pretreatment for xylose production from pineapple peel waste. The best condition for single alkaline pretreatment (1 % NaOH w/v, 100 °C, 60 min) has obtained hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin composition at 34.80 %, 32.16 %, and 8.66 %, respectively, retained in the biomass. Meanwhile, a combination of alkaline (1 % NaOH, w/v) and ultrasonic (frequency 40 kHz, 45 min) pretreatment has obtained the percentage yield of hemicellulose and lignin at 51.15 % and 7.15 %, respectively. Both single alkaline and ultrasonic-assisted alkaline pretreated samples were subsequently hydrolyzed with 2 % H2SO4 (w/v). After acid hydrolysis for 30 min, the maximum xylose concentration of 48.85 g.L-1 was achieved by using ultrasonic-assisted alkaline pretreatment, while single alkaline pretreatment contributed to the lowest yield of xylose (37.11 g.L-1). It is shown that the ultrasonic-assisted alkaline treatment is more favorable than single alkaline pretreatment as it can produce high xylose concentration after the subsequent hydrolysis. These results indicated that ultrasonic-assisted alkaline pretreatment and its subsequent acid hydrolysis were appropriate for producing xylose from pineapple peel waste.
{"title":"Effects of ultrasonic-assisted alkaline pretreatment on xylose production from pineapple peel waste","authors":"Choosit Hongkulsup, Panchalee Pathanibul","doi":"10.36547/nbc.1175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36547/nbc.1175","url":null,"abstract":"The pineapple industry generates large amounts of unusable waste (peel and core) with adverse environmental impacts. This experimental study aims to systemize the potential of ultrasonic-assisted alkaline pretreatment for xylose production from pineapple peel waste. The best condition for single alkaline pretreatment (1 % NaOH w/v, 100 °C, 60 min) has obtained hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin composition at 34.80 %, 32.16 %, and 8.66 %, respectively, retained in the biomass. Meanwhile, a combination of alkaline (1 % NaOH, w/v) and ultrasonic (frequency 40 kHz, 45 min) pretreatment has obtained the percentage yield of hemicellulose and lignin at 51.15 % and 7.15 %, respectively. Both single alkaline and ultrasonic-assisted alkaline pretreated samples were subsequently hydrolyzed with 2 % H2SO4 (w/v). After acid hydrolysis for 30 min, the maximum xylose concentration of 48.85 g.L-1 was achieved by using ultrasonic-assisted alkaline pretreatment, while single alkaline pretreatment contributed to the lowest yield of xylose (37.11 g.L-1). It is shown that the ultrasonic-assisted alkaline treatment is more favorable than single alkaline pretreatment as it can produce high xylose concentration after the subsequent hydrolysis. These results indicated that ultrasonic-assisted alkaline pretreatment and its subsequent acid hydrolysis were appropriate for producing xylose from pineapple peel waste.","PeriodicalId":19210,"journal":{"name":"Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41864080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper investigates the increase in the natural magnetically controlled properties of probiotic microorganisms Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and their ability to form magnetically sensitive inclusions (MsI). The magnetic susceptibility of LGG was increased by modifying the nutrient medium composition and by cultivating the probiotic culture in a constant magnetic field. Therefore, this study can be useful for their further use as magnetically controlled vectors since it is being extensively researched for their use in targeted drug delivery in cancer treatment, for the prevention of chemotherapy complications, etc. The results of this study indicate that growing microorganisms with natural magnetically-guided properties in a modified medium with iron chelate and in an external magnetic field leads to an increase in the magnetic susceptibility of LGG by 1.8 and 2.6 times, respectively, compared with the control. The best magnetic susceptibility was recorded for LGG suspensions, which were grown in a constant magnetic field and cultured in modified medium with iron chelate. The LGG suspension, grown both in a constant magnetic field and on a modified medium with iron chelate, had the highest magnetic susceptibility, and it was 4.8 times larger than the magnetic susceptibility in the control.
{"title":"Control of magnetic susceptibility of probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG","authors":"S. Gorobets, O. Gorobets, L. Kuzminykh","doi":"10.34135/nbc.1384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34135/nbc.1384","url":null,"abstract":"The paper investigates the increase in the natural magnetically controlled properties of probiotic microorganisms Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and their ability to form magnetically sensitive inclusions (MsI). The magnetic susceptibility of LGG was increased by modifying the nutrient medium composition and by cultivating the probiotic culture in a constant magnetic field. Therefore, this study can be useful for their further use as magnetically controlled vectors since it is being extensively researched for their use in targeted drug delivery in cancer treatment, for the prevention of chemotherapy complications, etc. The results of this study indicate that growing microorganisms with natural magnetically-guided properties in a modified medium with iron chelate and in an external magnetic field leads to an increase in the magnetic susceptibility of LGG by 1.8 and 2.6 times, respectively, compared with the control. The best magnetic susceptibility was recorded for LGG suspensions, which were grown in a constant magnetic field and cultured in modified medium with iron chelate. The LGG suspension, grown both in a constant magnetic field and on a modified medium with iron chelate, had the highest magnetic susceptibility, and it was 4.8 times larger than the magnetic susceptibility in the control.","PeriodicalId":19210,"journal":{"name":"Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49120053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of some Vitex agnus-castus L. populations were conducted based on ISSR-PCR and chloroplast DNA trnL intron, and trnL-F sequence analyses. Vitex agnus-castus populations were detected in Aydın province, Turkey. Fresh leaf samples from the populations were collected and brought to the laboratory for genomic DNA isolation. 15 ISSR primers were used to determine the genetic diversity ofe Vitex agnus-castus populations. A total of 138 bands were obtained in ISSR analysis, 85 of which were polymorphic and 53 were monomorphic. Polymorphism rate was determined as 61.59 %. trnC, trnD, trnE, and trnF primers were used for PCR amplification of the chloroplast trnL intron and trnL-F region. A total of 138 bands were obtained by ISSR analysis. For trnL intron analyses, nucleotide lengths of 13 populations were between 508 and 516. The average nucleotide composition consisted of 38.5 % T, 18.3 % C, 27.5 % A and 15.7 % G. In trnL-F assays, the nucleotide lengths of the 13 populations ranged from 330 to 353. The average nucleotide composition consisted of 29.4 % T, 18.1 % C, 32.9 % A and 19.6 % G. The results of the phylogenetic trees constructed using some trnL intron and trnL-F sequences of Vitex doniana, Vitex trifolia, Vitex triflora, Vitex turczaninowii, Vitex queenslandica, Vitex axillariflora, Vitex rotundifolia and Vitex negundo species obtained from NCBI were compared. As a result of the study, polymorphisms were obtained at a rate of 61.59% from the ISSR analysis. In addition, the phylogenetic relationship between chloroplast trnL intron and trnL-F sequences of Vitex agnus-castus populations along with the other species was revealed.
{"title":"Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analyses of Vitex agnus castus L. populations using ISSR-PCR and chloroplast DNA trnL intron and trnL-F sequences","authors":"E. Sevindik","doi":"10.36547/nbc.1320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36547/nbc.1320","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of some Vitex agnus-castus L. populations were conducted based on ISSR-PCR and chloroplast DNA trnL intron, and trnL-F sequence analyses. Vitex agnus-castus populations were detected in Aydın province, Turkey. Fresh leaf samples from the populations were collected and brought to the laboratory for genomic DNA isolation. 15 ISSR primers were used to determine the genetic diversity ofe Vitex agnus-castus populations. A total of 138 bands were obtained in ISSR analysis, 85 of which were polymorphic and 53 were monomorphic. Polymorphism rate was determined as 61.59 %. trnC, trnD, trnE, and trnF primers were used for PCR amplification of the chloroplast trnL intron and trnL-F region. A total of 138 bands were obtained by ISSR analysis. For trnL intron analyses, nucleotide lengths of 13 populations were between 508 and 516. The average nucleotide composition consisted of 38.5 % T, 18.3 % C, 27.5 % A and 15.7 % G. In trnL-F assays, the nucleotide lengths of the 13 populations ranged from 330 to 353. The average nucleotide composition consisted of 29.4 % T, 18.1 % C, 32.9 % A and 19.6 % G. The results of the phylogenetic trees constructed using some trnL intron and trnL-F sequences of Vitex doniana, Vitex trifolia, Vitex triflora, Vitex turczaninowii, Vitex queenslandica, Vitex axillariflora, Vitex rotundifolia and Vitex negundo species obtained from NCBI were compared. As a result of the study, polymorphisms were obtained at a rate of 61.59% from the ISSR analysis. In addition, the phylogenetic relationship between chloroplast trnL intron and trnL-F sequences of Vitex agnus-castus populations along with the other species was revealed.","PeriodicalId":19210,"journal":{"name":"Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41446460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microorganisms are increasingly being used in cyanide bioremediation. Several organisms have been reported to thrive in cyanide contaminated wastewater due to their ability to produce cyanide detoxifying enzymes. However, to improve the production efficiency of these enzymes combinations of process variables need to be optimized. In this study, Klebsiella oxytoca JCM 1665 was isolated from industrial wastewater, identified by sequencing its 16S rRNA gene and subjected to rhodanese production using submerged fermentation. The conditions for production were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). Central composite design was employed to evaluate the effects of three production parameters – peptone (1 – 5 %), KCN (0.1 – 0.5 %), and time of incubation (1 – 24 h). Second-order polynomial model was used to predict the response. Rhodanese activity in the experiments varied from 0.05 to 7.5 RU.mg-1. Under the optimum conditions of 4.35 % peptone, 0.4 % KCN and incubation time of 13 hr., the value for rhodanese yield was 7.810 U.mL-1. The R2 value for the model was 0.9925 (R2 = 0.9925). Also, the experimental values are in accordance with those predicted, indicating the suitability of the employed model and the success of RSM in optimizing the production conditions.
{"title":"Isolation and statistical optimization of rhodanese (a thiosulphate sulphur transferase) production potential of Klebsiella oxytoca JCM 1665 using response surface methodology","authors":"B. Itakorode, R. Okonji","doi":"10.36547/nbc.1083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36547/nbc.1083","url":null,"abstract":"Microorganisms are increasingly being used in cyanide bioremediation. Several organisms have been reported to thrive in cyanide contaminated wastewater due to their ability to produce cyanide detoxifying enzymes. However, to improve the production efficiency of these enzymes combinations of process variables need to be optimized. In this study, Klebsiella oxytoca JCM 1665 was isolated from industrial wastewater, identified by sequencing its 16S rRNA gene and subjected to rhodanese production using submerged fermentation. The conditions for production were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). Central composite design was employed to evaluate the effects of three production parameters – peptone (1 – 5 %), KCN (0.1 – 0.5 %), and time of incubation (1 – 24 h). Second-order polynomial model was used to predict the response. Rhodanese activity in the experiments varied from 0.05 to 7.5 RU.mg-1. Under the optimum conditions of 4.35 % peptone, 0.4 % KCN and incubation time of 13 hr., the value for rhodanese yield was 7.810 U.mL-1. The R2 value for the model was 0.9925 (R2 = 0.9925). Also, the experimental values are in accordance with those predicted, indicating the suitability of the employed model and the success of RSM in optimizing the production conditions.","PeriodicalId":19210,"journal":{"name":"Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47378536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuliia Khoma, L. Khudolieieva, N. Rashydov, N. Kutsokon
In vitro shoot regeneration is a fast and reliable method for propagation of valuable tree genotypes and important step in genetic manipulations. This study aimed to establish an optimal in vitro culture initiation and regeneration protocol for highly productive poplar clones ‘Novoberlinska-3’ (Populus pyramidalis × P. laurifolia) and ‘Volosystoplidna’ (P. trichocarpa). In vitro culture was initiated either on MS (IM-MS) or WPM (IM-WPM) medium both containing BAP (0.2 mg.L-1) and IBA (0.1 mg.L-1). Results demonstrated that the best initiation medium for the clone ‘Volosystoplidna’ was IM-WPM on which 93.3 % of explants survived, while explants from ‘Novoberlinska-3’ better survived on IM-MS. After establishing both genotypes into aseptic culture, regeneration experiments were started using two types of explants, leaf and petioles, planted on callus induction medium containing 2iP (1.02 mg.L-1) and NAA (1.86 mg.L-1). Furthermore, microshoots were placed on shoot induction medium supplemented with 0.04 mg.L-1 thidiazuron, and then transferred on shoot elongation medium with 0.2 mg.L-1 BAP. Regeneration protocol showed better performance of poplar ‘Novoberlinska-3’, but it was also efficient for ‘Volosystoplidna’. Plant regeneration from leaf explants in the clone ‘Novoberlinska-3’ showed the highest regeneration percentage (92.3 %) and the number of shoots per explant (3.1), which significantly exceeded other explants. Our results showed a significant difference between the survivability of two clones during culture initiation. The differences in regeneration rates between the clones as well as leaf and petiole explants were also determined. Obtained aseptic cultures of highly productive poplar hybrids will be used in our further studies, especially for genetic transformation.
{"title":"In vitro culture initiation and regeneration of two highly productive clones of poplar","authors":"Yuliia Khoma, L. Khudolieieva, N. Rashydov, N. Kutsokon","doi":"10.36547/nbc.1089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36547/nbc.1089","url":null,"abstract":"In vitro shoot regeneration is a fast and reliable method for propagation of valuable tree genotypes and important step in genetic manipulations. This study aimed to establish an optimal in vitro culture initiation and regeneration protocol for highly productive poplar clones ‘Novoberlinska-3’ (Populus pyramidalis × P. laurifolia) and ‘Volosystoplidna’ (P. trichocarpa). In vitro culture was initiated either on MS (IM-MS) or WPM (IM-WPM) medium both containing BAP (0.2 mg.L-1) and IBA (0.1 mg.L-1). Results demonstrated that the best initiation medium for the clone ‘Volosystoplidna’ was IM-WPM on which 93.3 % of explants survived, while explants from ‘Novoberlinska-3’ better survived on IM-MS. After establishing both genotypes into aseptic culture, regeneration experiments were started using two types of explants, leaf and petioles, planted on callus induction medium containing 2iP (1.02 mg.L-1) and NAA (1.86 mg.L-1). Furthermore, microshoots were placed on shoot induction medium supplemented with 0.04 mg.L-1 thidiazuron, and then transferred on shoot elongation medium with 0.2 mg.L-1 BAP. Regeneration protocol showed better performance of poplar ‘Novoberlinska-3’, but it was also efficient for ‘Volosystoplidna’. Plant regeneration from leaf explants in the clone ‘Novoberlinska-3’ showed the highest regeneration percentage (92.3 %) and the number of shoots per explant (3.1), which significantly exceeded other explants. Our results showed a significant difference between the survivability of two clones during culture initiation. The differences in regeneration rates between the clones as well as leaf and petiole explants were also determined. Obtained aseptic cultures of highly productive poplar hybrids will be used in our further studies, especially for genetic transformation.","PeriodicalId":19210,"journal":{"name":"Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47219896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research was carried out to assess the potential impacts of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) complex (Glomus geosporum and Rhizophagus irregularis) synergy with poultry manure (PM) on the survival of Cucurbita maxima and Telfairia occidentalis grown under salt stress conditions. This experiment was set up in a completely randomized design with all treatments replicated thrice for both test plants. Analysis of the saline and garden soils used in this study revealed significant (P ≤ 0.05) variations in their soil physico-chemical parameters. Increase in parameters such as pH (7.75 for saline soil; 6.78 for garden soil), EC (SS 7.80 dS.m.-1; GS 0.32) and Ex Na+ (SS 8.81 cmol.kg-1; GS 0.4181 cmol.kg-1) was observed in the saline soil while there was a decrease in organic carbon, total nitrogen and available phosphorus in saline soil. Proximate analysis of C. maxima and T. occidentalis leaves revealed that fiber, carbohydrate, and caloric value were slightly reduced in saline soil treatments while ash, protein and lipids contents were slightly increased. AMF inoculation and PM application had significant effect on proximate composition of these plant leaves but caloric value which was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased in non-saline soil treatments. Physiological parameters such as leaf turgid weight (LTW), leaf relative water content (LRWC), vigor index (VI), and salt tolerance index (STI) were significantly reduced by salinity, while electrolyte leakage (EL) was higher in saline soil treatments than non-saline soil treatments. However, inoculation with AMF in combination with PM amendment significantly increased LTW, LRWC, VI, and STI in both saline and non-saline soil treatments above single treatment with mycorrhizal species and poultry manure. However, EL reduced with mycorrhizal inoculation. The results of this work have shown that AMF and PM can enhance plants ability to tolerate salinity possibly through some morphological and physiological changes which improved water and nutrients uptake.
{"title":"Synergistic effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and poultry manure to significantly increase proximal structure and physiological parameters of Cucurbita maxima and Telfairia occidentalis under soil salinity","authors":"O. Okon, Abdulnabi A. Matrood, A Rhouma, U. Antia","doi":"10.36547/nbc.1170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36547/nbc.1170","url":null,"abstract":"This research was carried out to assess the potential impacts of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) complex (Glomus geosporum and Rhizophagus irregularis) synergy with poultry manure (PM) on the survival of Cucurbita maxima and Telfairia occidentalis grown under salt stress conditions. This experiment was set up in a completely randomized design with all treatments replicated thrice for both test plants. Analysis of the saline and garden soils used in this study revealed significant (P ≤ 0.05) variations in their soil physico-chemical parameters. Increase in parameters such as pH (7.75 for saline soil; 6.78 for garden soil), EC (SS 7.80 dS.m.-1; GS 0.32) and Ex Na+ (SS 8.81 cmol.kg-1; GS 0.4181 cmol.kg-1) was observed in the saline soil while there was a decrease in organic carbon, total nitrogen and available phosphorus in saline soil. Proximate analysis of C. maxima and T. occidentalis leaves revealed that fiber, carbohydrate, and caloric value were slightly reduced in saline soil treatments while ash, protein and lipids contents were slightly increased. AMF inoculation and PM application had significant effect on proximate composition of these plant leaves but caloric value which was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased in non-saline soil treatments. Physiological parameters such as leaf turgid weight (LTW), leaf relative water content (LRWC), vigor index (VI), and salt tolerance index (STI) were significantly reduced by salinity, while electrolyte leakage (EL) was higher in saline soil treatments than non-saline soil treatments. However, inoculation with AMF in combination with PM amendment significantly increased LTW, LRWC, VI, and STI in both saline and non-saline soil treatments above single treatment with mycorrhizal species and poultry manure. However, EL reduced with mycorrhizal inoculation. The results of this work have shown that AMF and PM can enhance plants ability to tolerate salinity possibly through some morphological and physiological changes which improved water and nutrients uptake.","PeriodicalId":19210,"journal":{"name":"Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45223373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using inexpensive sources is a crucial point in the production of valuable compounds such as lactic acid. In the present study, the production of lactic acid by an efficient isolate of S. thermophilus was optimized using whey as a carbon source and yeast extract as a nitrogen source. MRS culture medium with 6.5 % NaCl was used for the isolation of streptococci from industrial yogurt samples and the selected isolate was identified using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Evaluation of lactic acid production was done by the Randox method. Lactic acid production by the selected isolate was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) in MRS broth regarding to different concentrations of whey and yeast extract. The isolate that produced the highest amount (8.9 g.L-1) of lactic acid within 52 h growth in MRS broth was identified as a strain of S. thermophilus by molecular identification. Optimization of concentrations of carbon and nitrogen sources resulted in the induction of lactic acid production by Streptococcus thermophilus up to 24.18 g.L-1 in the presence of 3.5 % of whey and 5 % of yeast extract as external carbon and nitrogen sources in the MRS medium, which was similar to the value predicted by RSM. Yeast extract was found to be more effective on lactic acid production than whey. Optimization of lactic acid production by low-cost substrates whey and yeast extract resulted in high induction of lactic acid production by S. thermophilus compared to some other studies that used other cost-effective substrates and/or bacteria isolated from traditional dairy products.
{"title":"Response surface methodology designation for optimization of lactic acid production by Streptococcus thermophilus isolated from industrial yogurt","authors":"M. Adibi, N. Naghavi, Dina Zohrabi","doi":"10.36547/nbc.995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36547/nbc.995","url":null,"abstract":"Using inexpensive sources is a crucial point in the production of valuable compounds such as lactic acid. In the present study, the production of lactic acid by an efficient isolate of S. thermophilus was optimized using whey as a carbon source and yeast extract as a nitrogen source. MRS culture medium with 6.5 % NaCl was used for the isolation of streptococci from industrial yogurt samples and the selected isolate was identified using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Evaluation of lactic acid production was done by the Randox method. Lactic acid production by the selected isolate was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) in MRS broth regarding to different concentrations of whey and yeast extract. The isolate that produced the highest amount (8.9 g.L-1) of lactic acid within 52 h growth in MRS broth was identified as a strain of S. thermophilus by molecular identification. Optimization of concentrations of carbon and nitrogen sources resulted in the induction of lactic acid production by Streptococcus thermophilus up to 24.18 g.L-1 in the presence of 3.5 % of whey and 5 % of yeast extract as external carbon and nitrogen sources in the MRS medium, which was similar to the value predicted by RSM. Yeast extract was found to be more effective on lactic acid production than whey. Optimization of lactic acid production by low-cost substrates whey and yeast extract resulted in high induction of lactic acid production by S. thermophilus compared to some other studies that used other cost-effective substrates and/or bacteria isolated from traditional dairy products.","PeriodicalId":19210,"journal":{"name":"Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46095848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ksenia Vashukova, K. Terentyev, D. Chukhchin, I. Sinelnikov
The aim of the present work was to analyze the taxonomic diversity in the Kombucha bacterial consortium during long-term cultivation in the North (Arctic) of the European part of Russia. The high-performance sequencing showed that 99.1 % of the bacterial fraction of the fresh 7-d culture was Proteobacteria of mostly cellulose-producing genera with the order Acetobacterales being dominant and represented by the Komagataeibacter (87.3 %) and Gluconobacter (6.3 %). Aging of the Kombucha bacterial consortium from 20 to 90-d cultivation lead to the reduction of number of cellulose-producing bacteria and intense growth of cellulolytic bacteria including Clostridiales, Bacteroidetes, Actinomyces. Also the acidophilic microorganisms have been detected. The long-term growth of the Kombucha bacterial consortium can be considered as a succession of microbial communities.
{"title":"Taxonomic diversity and succession of bacterial consortium from Kombucha","authors":"Ksenia Vashukova, K. Terentyev, D. Chukhchin, I. Sinelnikov","doi":"10.36547/nbc.884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36547/nbc.884","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present work was to analyze the taxonomic diversity in the Kombucha bacterial consortium during long-term cultivation in the North (Arctic) of the European part of Russia. The high-performance sequencing showed that 99.1 % of the bacterial fraction of the fresh 7-d culture was Proteobacteria of mostly cellulose-producing genera with the order Acetobacterales being dominant and represented by the Komagataeibacter (87.3 %) and Gluconobacter (6.3 %). Aging of the Kombucha bacterial consortium from 20 to 90-d cultivation lead to the reduction of number of cellulose-producing bacteria and intense growth of cellulolytic bacteria including Clostridiales, Bacteroidetes, Actinomyces. Also the acidophilic microorganisms have been detected. The long-term growth of the Kombucha bacterial consortium can be considered as a succession of microbial communities.","PeriodicalId":19210,"journal":{"name":"Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49342273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lemnaro Jamir, Paavan Singhal, S. Goyal, Robinka Khajuria, Gurseen Rakhra, C. Aochen, Mahiti Gupta
Increasing population and urbanization has led to an exponential increase in organic waste. This waste if not treated properly may lead to pollution and health hazards. So, a study was conducted to develop an efficient bacterial consortium for the degradation of organic kitchen waste. Different bacterial strains were obtained from MTCC, initially grown on specific media and were screened for their enzymatic activities. Eight bacterial strains viz. Bacillus subtilus (MTCC 441), B. amyloliquefaciens (MTCC 7913), B. megaterium (MTCC 8510), Lactobacillus delbrueckii (MTCC 2365), L. plantarum (MTCC 1407), L. rhamnosus (MTCC 1423), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 4673) and Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 740) were tested for the production of lipase, amylase, protease and cellulase. All the bacterial strains exhibited enzyme activities except B. megaterium. So, combinations of these strains were used to make consortia on basis of pathogenicity. Two different microbial consortiums were prepared with Consortia 1 comprising B. subtilis, L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus, L. delbrueckii, B. amyloliquefaciens and Consortia 2 comprising P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, L. delbrueckii, L. rhamnosus, B. subtilus. Consortium 1 displayed the highest amylase and protease activity as compared to Consortium 2, and therefore selected for monitoring the composting parameters of the organic kitchen wastes. The microbial consortium showed significant outcome for composting parameters such as moisture content (65 – 58 %), temperature (25 – 29 ºC), pH (5.5 – 5.7), organic carbon (41 – 36 %) and decrease in mass (25 %) from 25 to 35 d of composting organic kitchen waste. The C/N ratio was calculated at 38/1 which falls within the optimum composting period. Developing a microbial consortium significantly reduces the degradation time and thereby the composting process. This microbial consortium is environmentally safe and can therefore, be used to effectively improve the management of organic waste at both the community and industrial level.
{"title":"Development of microbial consortium for degradation of organic kitchen waste","authors":"Lemnaro Jamir, Paavan Singhal, S. Goyal, Robinka Khajuria, Gurseen Rakhra, C. Aochen, Mahiti Gupta","doi":"10.36547/nbc.991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36547/nbc.991","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing population and urbanization has led to an exponential increase in organic waste. This waste if not treated properly may lead to pollution and health hazards. So, a study was conducted to develop an efficient bacterial consortium for the degradation of organic kitchen waste. Different bacterial strains were obtained from MTCC, initially grown on specific media and were screened for their enzymatic activities. Eight bacterial strains viz. Bacillus subtilus (MTCC 441), B. amyloliquefaciens (MTCC 7913), B. megaterium (MTCC 8510), Lactobacillus delbrueckii (MTCC 2365), L. plantarum (MTCC 1407), L. rhamnosus (MTCC 1423), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 4673) and Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 740) were tested for the production of lipase, amylase, protease and cellulase. All the bacterial strains exhibited enzyme activities except B. megaterium. So, combinations of these strains were used to make consortia on basis of pathogenicity. Two different microbial consortiums were prepared with Consortia 1 comprising B. subtilis, L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus, L. delbrueckii, B. amyloliquefaciens and Consortia 2 comprising P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, L. delbrueckii, L. rhamnosus, B. subtilus. Consortium 1 displayed the highest amylase and protease activity as compared to Consortium 2, and therefore selected for monitoring the composting parameters of the organic kitchen wastes. The microbial consortium showed significant outcome for composting parameters such as moisture content (65 – 58 %), temperature (25 – 29 ºC), pH (5.5 – 5.7), organic carbon (41 – 36 %) and decrease in mass (25 %) from 25 to 35 d of composting organic kitchen waste. The C/N ratio was calculated at 38/1 which falls within the optimum composting period. Developing a microbial consortium significantly reduces the degradation time and thereby the composting process. This microbial consortium is environmentally safe and can therefore, be used to effectively improve the management of organic waste at both the community and industrial level.","PeriodicalId":19210,"journal":{"name":"Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45054689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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