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Study of anaesthetical activity of alkoxyphenylcarbamic acid esters using statistical methods 烷氧基苯基氨基甲酸酯麻醉活性的统计研究
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.36547/nbc.1368
T. Ďurčeková, J. Mocák, J. Lehotay, J. Čižmárik
Anaesthetical activity of 113 morpholinoethyl-, piperidinoethyl-, piperidinopropyl- and azepanoethyl- ester derivatives of alkoxyphenylcarbamic acid was characterized by several chemometrical techniques. The surface anaesthetical activity, A, and the infiltration anaesthetical activity, B, were correlated to lipophilicity, (expressed by the logarithm of the HPLC retention factor, log k), the length of the side alkoxy chain (represented by the number n of carbon atoms), molar mass M as well as the ester type. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used for predicting both types of the anaesthetic activity of the alkoxyphenylcarbamic acid esters.
采用多种化学计量技术对113种烷氧基苯基氨基甲酸吗啉乙酯、哌啶乙酯、哌啶基丙基和氮杂苯乙酯衍生物的麻醉活性进行了表征。表面麻醉活性A和渗透麻醉活性B与亲脂性(用HPLC保留因子的对数logk表示)、侧烷氧基链的长度(用碳原子数n表示)、摩尔质量M以及酯类型相关。主成分分析和聚类分析用于预测两种类型的烷氧基苯基氨基甲酸酯的麻醉活性。
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引用次数: 0
Biotechnological tools to improve ethanol production from plant biomass 改进植物生物质乙醇生产的生物技术工具
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.36547/nbc.1360
J. Faragó
Increasing concerns for security of the fossil fuel supply emphasizes the need to complement fossil fuel-based energy sources with renewable energy sources. Plant biomass represents an abundant renewable resource for the production of bioenergy and biomaterials. This review summarizes the last advancements in the use of biotechnological tools to improve bioethanol production from plant biomass through genetic engineering the starch content and composition and lignocellulosic matter characteristics, and increasing the capacity of plants to produce harvestable yield and ameliorating the negative abiotic stresses on plants so as to increase yield.
对化石燃料供应安全的日益关注强调了用可再生能源补充化石燃料能源的必要性。植物生物质是生产生物能源和生物材料的丰富可再生资源。本文综述了利用生物技术工具通过对淀粉含量和组成以及木质纤维素物质特性进行基因工程,提高植物产量和改善植物负非生物胁迫以提高产量,从而提高植物生物质生物乙醇产量的最新进展。
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引用次数: 0
Factors affecting bioleaching in the processing of non-metallics 非金属加工中影响生物浸出的因素
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.36547/nbc.1353
I. Štyriaková
Biotechnological treatment of non-metallics is based on bacterial leaching of raw material and dissolution of Fe. Bacterial iron dissolution ability is dependent on various physicochemical factors as temperature, acidity of solutions, redox potential, rapidity of water circulation and presence of organic sources. The Fe content in the quartz sands and feldspar samples by the biological leaching decreased as much as 60% and by subsequent using of electromagnetic separation of feldspars, the decrease of Fe content in 74% was achieved. However, the application of magnetic separation of quartz sands after bioleaching resulted in total iron removal of 93% and in such combined way prepared product contained 0.024 % of Fe2O3. Achieved results on iron removal point to the fact that combination of leaching and magnetic separation enables to obtain product usable in glass and ceramic industry.
非金属的生物技术处理是基于原料的细菌浸出和铁的溶解。细菌的铁溶解能力取决于各种物理化学因素,如温度、溶液酸度、氧化还原电位、水循环速度和有机物来源的存在。经生物浸出的石英砂和长石样品中铁含量下降幅度高达60%,随后进行长石电磁分离,铁含量下降幅度达74%。而对生物浸出后的石英砂进行磁选处理,总铁去除率达93%,制备的产品Fe2O3含量为0.024%。在除铁方面取得的成果表明,浸出和磁选相结合可以获得可用于玻璃和陶瓷工业的产品。
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引用次数: 0
Flow-through electrochemistry in the analysis of wine 流动电化学在葡萄酒分析中的应用
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.36547/nbc.1365
E. Beinrohr, S. Hlubikova, J. Laštincová
Flow through coulometry is used for analysis of wine samples for the determination of some heavy metals, sulphites, acidity and ethanol content. Low concentrations of heavy metals and sulphite contents are determined by making use of stripping chronopotentiometry. For the measurement of acid and ethanol content thin-layer coulometric titration is used.
流动库仑法用于分析葡萄酒样品,以测定某些重金属、亚硫酸盐、酸度和乙醇含量。采用溶出计时电位法测定低浓度的重金属和亚硫酸盐含量。酸和乙醇含量的测定采用薄层库仑滴定法。
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引用次数: 0
Long-term effects of a chemical decontamination procedure on the corrosion state of the heat exchanger tubes of steam generators 化学去污程序对蒸汽发生器换热管腐蚀状态的长期影响
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.36547/nbc.1362
Andrea Szabó Nagy, K. Varga, B. Baja, Z. Németh, Desző Oravetz, Z. Homonnay, E. Kuzmann, J. Schunk
Our previous studies have revealed that a ”hybrid” structure of the amorphous and crystalline phases is formed in the outermost surface region of the austenitic stainless steel tubes of steam generators (SGs) as an undesired consequence of the industrial application of the AP-CITROX (AP: alkaline permanganate; CITROX: citric and oxalic acid) decontamination technology. The formation of this mobile oxide-layer increased the amount of the corrosion products in the primary circuit significantly, resulting in magnetite deposition on fuel assemblies. Owing to the fact that there is no investigation method available for the in-situ monitoring of the inner surfaces of heat exchanger tubes, a research project based on sampling as well as on ex-situ electrochemical and surface analytical measurements was elaborated. Within the frame of this project, comprehensive investigation of the general corrosion state and metallographic features of 36 stainless steel specimens, cut out from various locations of the 21 steam generators of the Paks NPP in the time period of 2000-2007 has been performed. The present work gives a brief overview on the general corrosion state of the heat exchanger tubes of SGs, concerning the long-term effects of the AP-CITROX procedure on the chemical composition and structure of the protective oxide-layer.
我们之前的研究表明,由于AP-CITROX(AP:碱性高锰酸盐;CITROX:柠檬酸和草酸)净化技术的工业应用,在蒸汽发生器奥氏体不锈钢管的最外表面区域形成了非晶相和晶相的“混合”结构。这种可移动氧化层的形成显著增加了一次回路中腐蚀产物的数量,导致磁铁矿沉积在燃料组件上。由于没有可用于热交换器管内表面原位监测的研究方法,因此阐述了一个基于采样以及非原位电化学和表面分析测量的研究项目。在本项目的框架内,对2000年至2007年期间从帕克斯核电站21台蒸汽发生器的不同位置截取的36个不锈钢试样的一般腐蚀状态和金相特征进行了全面调查。本工作简要概述了SG换热器管的一般腐蚀状态,涉及AP-CITROX程序对保护氧化物层的化学成分和结构的长期影响。
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引用次数: 1
Determination of long distance transport of Cs+, Co2+ and Zn2+ ions in vascular plants by autoradiography and gamma-spectrometry 射线自显影和γ -能谱法测定维管植物中Cs+、Co2+和Zn2+离子的长距离输运
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.36547/nbc.1356
M. Horník, M. Pipíška, Jana Sekáčová, J. Augustín
Heavy metals and radionuclides can enter the food chain via cereals and vegetables grown in contaminated soils. In the case of microelements such as zinc, studies have not focused only to assessing its environmental risk, but also to enhancing its uptake by plants as an important growth-limiting factor. In our study, digitalized autoradiograms of whole plants of celery (Apium graveolens L.), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) grown in hydroponic nutrient media spiked with 137CsCl, 60CoCl2 and 65ZnCl2 were used for quantitative determination of uptake, long-distance transport and distribution of Cs+, Co2+ and Zn2+ ions in plant tissues. Results from autoradiography and gammaspectrometry of plants showed, that cesium was translocated to aboveground part of the plants with the shoot-to-root ratio 1.0 : 0.6. On the contrary, cobalt and zinc were more immobilized in roots, with the shoot-to-root ratio up to 1.0 : 3.8. The highest concentration of cesium, cobalt and zinc, expressed in specific radioactivity per unit of leaf surface (Bq/cm2) was found in top, rapidly growing leaves, the lowest concentration in the oldest leaves in low position. Detection limits 3, 2 and 14 Bq/cm2 by using X-ray film for 137Cs, 60Co and 65Zn, respectively were obtained. These data correspond to detection limits 10.5 pg Cs+/cm2, 7.2 pg Co2+/cm2 and 785 pg Zn2+/cm2 at specific radioactivity of commercially available 137CsCl, 60CoCl2 and 65ZnCl2. Resolutions 1-2 mm was sufficient for visualization of metal uptake and distribution in roots, stalks, leaves and leaf venation. Obtained data are part of quantitative study of uptake and translocation of both low level-radioactive contamination in plants and microelements applied as fertilizers.
重金属和放射性核素可以通过在受污染土壤中生长的谷物和蔬菜进入食物链。就锌等微量元素而言,研究的重点不仅在于评估其环境风险,而且还在于提高植物对其的吸收,将其作为一个重要的生长限制因素。短句来源本研究利用137CsCl、60CoCl2和65ZnCl2加氮培养基培养芹菜(Apium graveolens L.)、烟草(Nicotiana tabacum L.)和向日葵(Helianthus annuus L.)整株植物的数字化自放射成像技术,定量测定了植物组织中Cs+、Co2+和Zn2+离子的吸收、长距离运输和分布。植物的放射自显影和伽玛谱分析结果表明,铯在茎根比为1.0:0.6的情况下被转移到植物的地上部分。相反,钴和锌在根系中的固定化程度更高,茎根比高达1.0:3.8。以单位叶面比放射性(Bq/cm2)表示的铯、钴和锌浓度最高的是生长最快的顶部叶片,最低的是位置较低的最老叶片。x射线胶片对137Cs、60Co和65Zn的检出限分别为3、2和14 Bq/cm2。这些数据对应于市售137CsCl, 60CoCl2和65ZnCl2的特定放射性检测限10.5 pg Cs+/cm2, 7.2 pg Co2+/cm2和785 pg Zn2+/cm2。1 ~ 2 mm的分辨率足以显示金属在根、茎、叶和叶脉中的吸收和分布。所获得的数据是植物对低水平放射性污染和作为肥料施用的微量元素的吸收和转运的定量研究的一部分。
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引用次数: 0
Soil additives immobilising heavy metals in contaminated soils 土壤添加剂对污染土壤中重金属的固定作用
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.36547/nbc.1352
O. Horak, W. Friesl-Hanl
Addition of iron oxides, lime, clay minerals and other substances can be used to decrease the plant availability of toxic heavy metals such as Pb, Zn, and Cd. Extractability and consequently plant concentrations may be reduced in some cases by more than 50%. The assessment of remediation processes is supported by biomonitoring methods in the field with Plantago lanceolata and in the greenhouse by barley test experiments, in combination with extraction by ammonium nitrate.
添加氧化铁、石灰、粘土矿物和其他物质可用于降低有毒重金属(如Pb、Zn和Cd)的植物可利用性。在某些情况下,可提取性和植物浓度可能会降低50%以上。修复过程的评估得到了Plantago lanceolata田间生物监测方法和大麦试验以及硝酸铵提取的温室生物监测方法的支持。
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引用次数: 7
Czech and Slovak young brown coals in environmental applications 捷克和斯洛伐克年轻褐煤在环境方面的应用
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.36547/nbc.1363
P. Janoš, J. Lesńy, L. Závodsḱa, Silvie Kříženecká, L. Herzogová
In recent time, various kinds of young brown (low-rank) coals are utilized increasingly not only as fuels, but also as valuable materials in advanced environmental applications. It should be noted in this context that significant deposits of the young brown coals can be found both in the Czech Republic as well as in Slovakia. For their effective applications e.g. in wastewater treatment or in soil remediation, the properties of the coals should be studied in more details and numerous physico-chemical characteristics should be measured. As a part of a common Czech-Slovak project, a series of various kinds of coals was collected, including North-Bohemian oxihumolites, lignite from South Moravia and several lignites from Slovakia (Baňa Zahorie). Basic properties were measured, such as acid-base titration curves, contents of main functional groups and sorption capability towards heavy metal cations (Cu2+, Zn2+, Co2+) and some organic pollutants. The contents of humic substances – main active constituents of the young coals – were also determined. Selected environmental applications of the brown coals will be mentioned further, e.g. for the removal of metal cations from waters or in phytoremediation of contaminated soils.
近年来,各种年轻的棕色(低阶)煤越来越多地被用作燃料,而且在先进的环境应用中也是有价值的材料。在这方面应该注意的是,在捷克共和国和斯洛伐克都可以发现大量的年轻褐煤矿床。为了使其有效应用,例如在废水处理或土壤修复中,应更详细地研究煤的性质,并测量许多物理化学特性。作为捷克-斯洛伐克共同项目的一部分,收集了一系列不同类型的煤,包括北波希米亚的oxihumolite、南摩拉维亚的褐煤和斯洛伐克的几种褐煤(Bańa Zahorie)。测定了基本性质,如酸碱滴定曲线、主要官能团的含量以及对重金属阳离子(Cu2+、Zn2+、Co2+)和一些有机污染物的吸附能力。还测定了年轻煤的主要活性成分腐殖物质的含量。褐煤的选定环境应用将进一步提及,例如用于从水中去除金属阳离子或用于污染土壤的植物修复。
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引用次数: 0
LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis, toxicity and anti-anaemic activity of Rubia tinctorum L. aqueous extract 茜草水提取物的LC-ESI-MS/MS分析、毒性及抗贫血活性
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-09 DOI: 10.36547/nbc.978
Fatima Zohra Houari, R. Erenler, Sena Bakir, E. Çapanoğlu, A. Hariri
The present study investigated the chemical profile, toxicity, and anti-anaemic activity of Rubia tinctorum root aqueous extract against phenylhydrazine induced hemolytic anaemia. Phenolic compounds were analyzed by LC-ESI-MS/MS; acute toxicity test was evaluated by administering a single dose of 2,000 mg.kg-1 of the extract; anaemia was induced by administration of 40 mg phenylhydrazine by intraperitoneal injection for 2 days. Moreover, the anti-anaemic activity was evaluated by measuring the haematological parameters of rats treated with iron and aqueous extract for 15 days. The LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis results revealed the presence of 31 phytochemical compounds, among them, citric acid was found as the most abundant. No signs of toxicity or death were recorded, indicating that the LD50 of R. tinctorum root extract is higher than 2,000 mg.kg-1. Furthermore, the aqueous extract increased red blood cell levels by 69.82 and 71.67 % in the groups treated with 200 and 400 mg.kg-1 of the extract, respectively. Besides, a significant increase in hemoglobin from 12.05 ± 0.15 to 12.9 ± 0.52 g.dL-1 was noted in rats treated with 400 mg.kg-1 of extract. Thus, the data indicate that the root extract could be considered a natural source for the treatment of anaemia.
本研究调查了茜草水提取物对苯肼诱导的溶血性贫血的化学性质、毒性和抗贫血活性。酚类化合物采用LC-ESI-MS/MS进行分析;急性毒性试验通过给予单剂量2000mg.kg-1的提取物进行评估;通过腹膜内注射40mg苯肼2天来诱导贫血。此外,通过测量用铁和水提取物处理15天的大鼠的血液学参数来评估抗贫血活性。LC-ESI-MS/MS分析结果显示存在31种植物化学化合物,其中柠檬酸含量最高。没有记录到毒性或死亡迹象,表明红花根提取物的LD50高于2000 mg.kg-1。此外,在用200和400mg.kg-1提取物处理的组中,水提取物分别使红细胞水平增加69.82%和71.67%。此外,用400mg.kg-1提取物处理的大鼠血红蛋白从12.05±0.15显著增加到12.9±0.52 g.dL-1。因此,数据表明,根提取物可以被视为治疗贫血的天然来源。
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引用次数: 0
DNA damage by oxidized fatty acids detected by DNA/SPE biosensor DNA/SPE生物传感器检测氧化脂肪酸对DNA的损伤
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-04 DOI: 10.36547/nbc.1307
Ľudmila Sirotová, Marcela Matulová
Electrochemical DNA/screen-printed electrode biosensor (DNA/SPE biosensor) was tested for the detection of alterations in DNA formed as a consequence of the reaction between DNA and oxidative products of fatty acids. Interaction of DNA with a mixture of products generated during the oxidation of linoleic and oleic acids manifested DNA damage depending on a tested fatty acid and the presence of hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) determined after the oxidation of fatty acids. A bigger extent of the DNA damage was registered in the case of the interaction with oxidized linoleic acid with the high content of TBARS. The results achieved suggest the possible application of DNA/SPE biosensor in the detection of an interaction between DNA and products of fatty acid oxidation.
电化学DNA/丝网印刷电极生物传感器(DNA/SPE生物传感器)用于检测DNA与脂肪酸氧化产物之间反应所形成的DNA变化。DNA与亚油酸和油酸氧化过程中产生的混合物的相互作用表现出DNA损伤,这取决于所测试的脂肪酸以及脂肪酸氧化后确定的氢过氧化物和硫代巴比妥酸反应物质(TBARS)的存在。与TBARS含量高的氧化亚油酸相互作用时,DNA损伤程度更大。研究结果提示了DNA/SPE生物传感器在检测DNA与脂肪酸氧化产物相互作用中的应用前景。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica
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