Aim. To substantiate the need to revise the educational program, the main requirements of the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market to modern professionals involved in the formation, maintenance and improvement of pharmaceuticalquality systems, and determine the components of the educational program. Materials and methods. The literature data on the pharmaceutical labor market and the need to improve the educational process, as well as statistical, analytical, comparative and logical research methods were used in the work. Results and discussion. The study was conducted during April, 2021, using an expert survey. It involved 56 respondents from 35 organizations in the pharmaceutical healthcare sector. Almost 100 % of employers have a division that performs functions related to the management / quality assurance of products and / or services in their organizational structure. The study of the relevance of the components of the “Quality, Standardization and Certification” educational program has shown the need to include disciplines that are able to solve practical problems and complex specialized taskscharacterized by complexity and uncertainty of conditions when performing management functions of pharmaceutical organizations and their departments on activities affecting the product quality, customer satisfaction and the ability ofthe organization to comply with regulatory requirements. Conclusions. A survey of employers in the pharmaceutical healthcare sector has been conducted in order to improve the educational program taking into account the basic requirements of the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market to modern specialists. Based on the results of the survey, the requirements for the professional competence of applicants for higher education have been formed, and a list of disciplines that can form them has been compiled.
{"title":"Analysis of the stakeholders’ requirements to applicants for higher education of the “Quality, standardization and certification” educational program","authors":"S. Kovalenko, O. Romelashvili, О.V. Тkachenko","doi":"10.24959/nphj.22.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24959/nphj.22.86","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To substantiate the need to revise the educational program, the main requirements of the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market to modern professionals involved in the formation, maintenance and improvement of pharmaceuticalquality systems, and determine the components of the educational program.\u0000Materials and methods. The literature data on the pharmaceutical labor market and the need to improve the educational process, as well as statistical, analytical, comparative and logical research methods were used in the work.\u0000Results and discussion. The study was conducted during April, 2021, using an expert survey. It involved 56 respondents from 35 organizations in the pharmaceutical healthcare sector. Almost 100 % of employers have a division that performs functions related to the management / quality assurance of products and / or services in their organizational structure. The study of the relevance of the components of the “Quality, Standardization and Certification” educational program has shown the need to include disciplines that are able to solve practical problems and complex specialized taskscharacterized by complexity and uncertainty of conditions when performing management functions of pharmaceutical organizations and their departments on activities affecting the product quality, customer satisfaction and the ability ofthe organization to comply with regulatory requirements.\u0000Conclusions. A survey of employers in the pharmaceutical healthcare sector has been conducted in order to improve the educational program taking into account the basic requirements of the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market to modern specialists. Based on the results of the survey, the requirements for the professional competence of applicants for higher education have been formed, and a list of disciplines that can form them has been compiled.","PeriodicalId":19221,"journal":{"name":"News of Pharmacy","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85729317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. To study the theoretical foundations of the socio-psychological climate of a pharmacy institution and determine the factors affecting it. Materials and methods. The methods of generalization, analysis and synthesis, content analysis were used in the study. An expert survey was used to determine the factors affecting the socio-psychological climate in the pharmacy. All members of the staff working in the pharmacy took part in the survey. The total number of respondents who participated in the expert study was 563 pharmacists. The study covered all regions of Ukraine. The results of the survey are significant and consistent. Results and discussion. The approaches to defining the essence of the “socio-psychological climate” concept have been studied. The generalized definition of “socio-psychological climate of a pharmacy institution” can be defined as the mood and relationships developed in the labor collective and manifested as a set of psychological conditionsthat promote or hinder joint activities and the personal development of each employee. Factors affecting the sociopsychological climate in the labor collective of the pharmacy have been studied. Conclusions. The socio-psychological climate is the result of joint activities of members of the labor collective and their interpersonal interaction; it is manifested itself in the mood and opinions of the team, well-being and assessments of the pharmacist’s living conditions in the team and expressed in relationships related to work and the solution of common tasks.
{"title":"The study of factors affecting the socio-psychological climate in the labor collective of a pharmacy institution","authors":"N. Andrienko","doi":"10.24959/nphj.22.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24959/nphj.22.84","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To study the theoretical foundations of the socio-psychological climate of a pharmacy institution and determine the factors affecting it.\u0000Materials and methods. The methods of generalization, analysis and synthesis, content analysis were used in the study. An expert survey was used to determine the factors affecting the socio-psychological climate in the pharmacy. All members of the staff working in the pharmacy took part in the survey. The total number of respondents who participated in the expert study was 563 pharmacists. The study covered all regions of Ukraine. The results of the survey are significant and consistent.\u0000Results and discussion. The approaches to defining the essence of the “socio-psychological climate” concept have been studied. The generalized definition of “socio-psychological climate of a pharmacy institution” can be defined as the mood and relationships developed in the labor collective and manifested as a set of psychological conditionsthat promote or hinder joint activities and the personal development of each employee. Factors affecting the sociopsychological climate in the labor collective of the pharmacy have been studied.\u0000Conclusions. The socio-psychological climate is the result of joint activities of members of the labor collective and their interpersonal interaction; it is manifested itself in the mood and opinions of the team, well-being and assessments of the pharmacist’s living conditions in the team and expressed in relationships related to work and the solution of common tasks.","PeriodicalId":19221,"journal":{"name":"News of Pharmacy","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78381534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Today, the relevance of studying medicinal plants and creating medicines based on them occupies a special place in medicine and pharmacy. Interest in the study of already known and new medicinal plants of the domestic flora is growing. On their basis, new herbal medicines and dietary supplements are created, which due to their unique compositionhave a mild therapeutic and complex effect on the organs and systems of the human body. They are virtually devoid of side effects, and they do not develop addiction. Aim. To study the qualitative composition and the content of fatty acids in the medicinal plant raw material from sea buckthorn using the chromatographic method; to determine the specific feature of the fatty acid composition for identification of the sea buckthorn raw material. Materials and methods. The study objects were leaves, fruit pulp, seeds and bark of sea buckthorn harvested at the pharmacopoeial garden of the National University of Pharmacy (2018). The analysis was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Results and discussion. The results of the analysis indicate that the medicinal plant raw material from sea buckthorn has a rich diverse composition of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, namely: in the leaves of sea buckthorn there are significant amounts of fatty acids. Among saturated fatty acids there are palmitic (55.33 mg/g), behenic (1.07 mg/g),stearic (1.03 mg/g), arachinic (0.91 mg/g), lignocerinic (0.78 mg/g), margaric (0.32 mg/g), myristic (0.28 mg/g) acids; among unsaturated fatty acids – oleic (7.79 mg/g), linoleic (2.42 mg/g). Fatty acids of the sea buckthorn bark are representedby saturated arachidonic (20.85 mg/g), palmitic (2.14 mg/g), erucic (2.09 mg/g), heneukocylic (1.87 mg/g),behenic (1.38 mg/g) acids and unsaturated oleic (5.75 mg/g) and linoleic (4.86 m/g) fatty acids. In the pulp of sea buckthorn fruits 9 fatty acids have been identified. Palmitic acid (23.55 mg/g) is contained in large quantities, there are also stearic acid (2.68 mg/g), myristic acid (1.36 mg/g), arachinic acid (0.87 mg/g). Among unsaturated acids, oleic acid (44.42 mg/g), linoleic acid (12.49 mg/g), linolenic acid (5.96 mg/g), palmitoleic acid (5.16 mg/g) and vaccenic acid (3.79 mg/g) have been identified. The seeds of sea buckthorn contain 8 fatty acids. Three of them are saturated: palmitic (15.89 mg/g), stearic (2.51 mg/g), myristic (0.71 mg/g), and there are five unsaturated acids: oleic (31.41 mg/g), linoleic (27.03 mg/g),linolenic (17.00 mg/g), vaccenic (2.86 mg/g) and palmitoleic (2.56 mg/g). Conclusions. The results of the analysis show a rich fatty acid composition of the medicinal plant raw material from sea buckthorn. It has been determined that the specific feature is the presence and the ratio of palmitoleic and vaccenic acid in the pulp and seeds; this feature is characteristic when identifying the sea buckthorn raw material. Thus, this raw material can be promising for the creation of medicines and d
{"title":"The fatty acid composition of the raw material from sea buckthorn","authors":"L. Naumenko, N. .. Popova","doi":"10.24959/nphj.22.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24959/nphj.22.52","url":null,"abstract":"Today, the relevance of studying medicinal plants and creating medicines based on them occupies a special place in medicine and pharmacy. Interest in the study of already known and new medicinal plants of the domestic flora is growing. On their basis, new herbal medicines and dietary supplements are created, which due to their unique compositionhave a mild therapeutic and complex effect on the organs and systems of the human body. They are virtually devoid of side effects, and they do not develop addiction.\u0000Aim. To study the qualitative composition and the content of fatty acids in the medicinal plant raw material from sea buckthorn using the chromatographic method; to determine the specific feature of the fatty acid composition for identification of the sea buckthorn raw material.\u0000Materials and methods. The study objects were leaves, fruit pulp, seeds and bark of sea buckthorn harvested at the pharmacopoeial garden of the National University of Pharmacy (2018). The analysis was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS).\u0000Results and discussion. The results of the analysis indicate that the medicinal plant raw material from sea buckthorn has a rich diverse composition of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, namely: in the leaves of sea buckthorn there are significant amounts of fatty acids. Among saturated fatty acids there are palmitic (55.33 mg/g), behenic (1.07 mg/g),stearic (1.03 mg/g), arachinic (0.91 mg/g), lignocerinic (0.78 mg/g), margaric (0.32 mg/g), myristic (0.28 mg/g) acids; among unsaturated fatty acids – oleic (7.79 mg/g), linoleic (2.42 mg/g). Fatty acids of the sea buckthorn bark are representedby saturated arachidonic (20.85 mg/g), palmitic (2.14 mg/g), erucic (2.09 mg/g), heneukocylic (1.87 mg/g),behenic (1.38 mg/g) acids and unsaturated oleic (5.75 mg/g) and linoleic (4.86 m/g) fatty acids. In the pulp of sea buckthorn fruits 9 fatty acids have been identified. Palmitic acid (23.55 mg/g) is contained in large quantities, there are also stearic acid (2.68 mg/g), myristic acid (1.36 mg/g), arachinic acid (0.87 mg/g). Among unsaturated acids, oleic acid (44.42 mg/g), linoleic acid (12.49 mg/g), linolenic acid (5.96 mg/g), palmitoleic acid (5.16 mg/g) and vaccenic acid (3.79 mg/g) have been identified. The seeds of sea buckthorn contain 8 fatty acids. Three of them are saturated: palmitic (15.89 mg/g), stearic (2.51 mg/g), myristic (0.71 mg/g), and there are five unsaturated acids: oleic (31.41 mg/g), linoleic (27.03 mg/g),linolenic (17.00 mg/g), vaccenic (2.86 mg/g) and palmitoleic (2.56 mg/g).\u0000Conclusions. The results of the analysis show a rich fatty acid composition of the medicinal plant raw material from sea buckthorn. It has been determined that the specific feature is the presence and the ratio of palmitoleic and vaccenic acid in the pulp and seeds; this feature is characteristic when identifying the sea buckthorn raw material. Thus, this raw material can be promising for the creation of medicines and d","PeriodicalId":19221,"journal":{"name":"News of Pharmacy","volume":"135 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91080996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For the analytical diagnosis of drug poisoning, it is important to develop conditions for the detection of both native compounds and products of their biotransformation in biological samples. Aim. To develop a method for isolating the antidepressant drug Pyrazidol from the human urine in the presence of its biotransformation products and determine the conditions that are suitable for analytical diagnostics of thymoleptic intoxication for their detection by thin layer chromatography. Materials and methods. The study was conducted with the human urine samples collected after taking a single therapeutic dose of Pyrazidol. The urine was subjected to the acid hydrolysis, and the antidepressant and its metabolites were extracted from the hydrolysate with chloroform from an alkaline medium at pH 8-9. Concomitant endogenous admixtures were removed by extraction with diethyl ether from an acidic medium at pH 1. For the chromatographic study of the extracts, four mobile phases recommended by the International Association of Forensic Toxicologists for TLC screening of drugs, and Merck chromatographic plates were used. Color reactions were performed on pieces of chromatographic plates with a number of chromogenic reagents most commonly used in chemico-toxicological analysis. Metabolites were identified by electron impact mass spectrometry. Results and discussion. The native substance and dehydropyrazidol were detected in the urine hydrolysates by TLC, their chromatographic mobility parameters in four TLC screening systems, as well as the results of their color reactions with the chromogenic reagents were determined. Conclusions. Conditions for isolating Pyrazidol and its biotransformation product from the urine have been proposed. The method for detecting the native compound and dehydropyrazidol in the urine extracts by TLC and mass spectrometry after taking a single therapeutic dose of the drug has been developed. The method is recommended for use in the practice of forensic and clinical toxicology.
{"title":"Development of conditions for Pyrazidol identification in the urine in the presence of its biotransformation products by thin layer chromatography and mass spectrometry","authors":"S. V. Baiurka, S. A. Karpushyna","doi":"10.24959/nphj.22.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24959/nphj.22.78","url":null,"abstract":"For the analytical diagnosis of drug poisoning, it is important to develop conditions for the detection of both native compounds and products of their biotransformation in biological samples.\u0000Aim. To develop a method for isolating the antidepressant drug Pyrazidol from the human urine in the presence of its biotransformation products and determine the conditions that are suitable for analytical diagnostics of thymoleptic intoxication for their detection by thin layer chromatography.\u0000Materials and methods. The study was conducted with the human urine samples collected after taking a single therapeutic dose of Pyrazidol. The urine was subjected to the acid hydrolysis, and the antidepressant and its metabolites were extracted from the hydrolysate with chloroform from an alkaline medium at pH 8-9. Concomitant endogenous admixtures were removed by extraction with diethyl ether from an acidic medium at pH 1. For the chromatographic study of the extracts, four mobile phases recommended by the International Association of Forensic Toxicologists for TLC screening of drugs, and Merck chromatographic plates were used. Color reactions were performed on pieces of chromatographic plates with a number of chromogenic reagents most commonly used in chemico-toxicological analysis. Metabolites were identified by electron impact mass spectrometry.\u0000Results and discussion. The native substance and dehydropyrazidol were detected in the urine hydrolysates by TLC, their chromatographic mobility parameters in four TLC screening systems, as well as the results of their color reactions with the chromogenic reagents were determined.\u0000Conclusions. Conditions for isolating Pyrazidol and its biotransformation product from the urine have been proposed. The method for detecting the native compound and dehydropyrazidol in the urine extracts by TLC and mass spectrometry after taking a single therapeutic dose of the drug has been developed. The method is recommended for use in the practice of forensic and clinical toxicology.","PeriodicalId":19221,"journal":{"name":"News of Pharmacy","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89516229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Maslov, S. Kolisnyk, M. Komisarenko, T. A. Kostina, K. Dynnyk
Aim. To develop the composition and technology for obtaining a dietary supplement “Cachinol” with the antioxidant activity in the form of granules used in the polycystic ovary syndrome. Materials and methods. To achieve the goal, physical, physicochemical, pharmacotechnological and statistical research methods, as well as generally accepted research methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine (SPhU) 2.0 were used in the work. Results and discussion. The rational dosage form is granules. The green tea leaf extract and myo-inositol were chosen as the active pharmaceutical ingredients of granules. For 3 batches of granules, the following parameters were determined: the fractional composition ranging from 13.2 to 17.9 % for 3-2 mm, from 45.3 to 56.2 % for 2-1 mm, from 20.1 to 26.1 % for 1-0.5 mm, from 8.1-12.4 for 0.5-0.25 mm, from 2.95-4.6 % for < 0.25 mm; the moisture content of granules ranging from 2.80-3.10 %; the bulk density – from 0.49 to 0.52 g/cm3, the tapped density – from 0.54 to 0.58 g/cm3; the flowability was in the range of 8.00-8.25 g/s; the angle of repose – from 30 to 33°; disintegration – from 41 to 45 s. Conclusions. The flowchart for obtaining granules in industrial conditions has been developed. The technological process for obtaining granules consists of 8 technological stages. The studies of the technological parameters of granules have been performed in accordance with the requirements of the SPhU 2.0. It has been found that the granules developed meet the requirements of the SPhU 2.0 and can be recommended for further research.
{"title":"Development the composition and technology for obtaining a dietary supplement “Cachinol” with the antioxidant activity in the form of granules used in the polycystic ovary syndrome","authors":"O. Maslov, S. Kolisnyk, M. Komisarenko, T. A. Kostina, K. Dynnyk","doi":"10.24959/nphj.22.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24959/nphj.22.77","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To develop the composition and technology for obtaining a dietary supplement “Cachinol” with the antioxidant activity in the form of granules used in the polycystic ovary syndrome.\u0000Materials and methods. To achieve the goal, physical, physicochemical, pharmacotechnological and statistical research methods, as well as generally accepted research methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine (SPhU) 2.0 were used in the work.\u0000Results and discussion. The rational dosage form is granules. The green tea leaf extract and myo-inositol were chosen as the active pharmaceutical ingredients of granules. For 3 batches of granules, the following parameters were determined: the fractional composition ranging from 13.2 to 17.9 % for 3-2 mm, from 45.3 to 56.2 % for 2-1 mm, from 20.1 to 26.1 % for 1-0.5 mm, from 8.1-12.4 for 0.5-0.25 mm, from 2.95-4.6 % for < 0.25 mm; the moisture content of granules ranging from 2.80-3.10 %; the bulk density – from 0.49 to 0.52 g/cm3, the tapped density – from 0.54 to 0.58 g/cm3; the flowability was in the range of 8.00-8.25 g/s; the angle of repose – from 30 to 33°; disintegration – from 41 to 45 s.\u0000Conclusions. The flowchart for obtaining granules in industrial conditions has been developed. The technological process for obtaining granules consists of 8 technological stages. The studies of the technological parameters of granules have been performed in accordance with the requirements of the SPhU 2.0. It has been found that the granules developed meet the requirements of the SPhU 2.0 and can be recommended for further research.","PeriodicalId":19221,"journal":{"name":"News of Pharmacy","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87316734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. To improve the national monograph of burr marigold (Bidens tripartita L.) herb on macro- and microscopic characteristics of the raw material. To achieve this goal, a comparative macroscopic analysis of various species of burr marigold and an extended microscopic analysis of all parts of the plant that are part of the raw material were carried out. Materials and methods. The study objects were 7 samples of the medicinal plant raw material of Bidens tripartita L. identified and registered at the premises of the State Enterprise “Pharmacopoeia Center”. They were provided by various domestic manufacturers; a sample of the whole raw material of B. frondosa L. collected in the Akhtyrsky district ofthe Sumy region; a sample of the whole raw material of B. cernua L. provided by a domestic pharmaceutical enterprise. The raw material was harvested in the period of budding and the beginning of flowering. The dry raw material wassubject to the macroscopic analysis. The microscopic analysis was performed on the powder of the raw material sifted through a sieve with a hole diameter of 355 since according to the requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia and the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine this was a standardized procedure for determining the diagnostic signs of the medicinal plant raw material by microscopy. Results and discussion. As a result of the macroscopic analysis, it has been found that the raw material of Bidens tripartita L. is a mixture of the whole or fragmented stems with leaves, leaves, anthodia, and achenes. Stems are green or greenish-purple, round-oval, longitudinally grooved. Leaves are green or brownish-green, with a dentateserrated edge, opposite, with a 3-5-parted lamina with lanceolate lobes narrowed into short, slightly winged petioles. Inflorescences are erect anthodia, their width is almost equal to the height. Fruits are flattened achenes, at the apex with 2 or 3 awns, twice as short as the achene. The awns and lateral ribs of the achenes are covered with bristles, which tips are directed downwards. As a result of the microscopic analysis of Bidens tripartita L. powder, diagnosticsigns of all parts of the raw material have been found, namely: fragments of the lamina with veins, along which secretory channels with reddish-brown contents pass; fragments of the lamina from the upper or lower epidermis with the basic cells with sinuous walls, stomata anomocytic type, covering caterpillar form trichomes of 9–18 thin-walled cells, rarely thick-walled covering trichomes of 2-13 cells; fragments of the stem epidermis of rectangular elongated cells with thickened walls; fragments of the epidermis of the inner leaves of the involucres of elongated rectangular thin-walled cells and articulated branched secretory channels; fragments of epidermis of tubular flowers from polygonal cells with rounded papillary outgrowths; rounded pollen grains with spinous exine; fragments of the testa with pigmented darkbrown cells of the hypodermis and the
{"title":"Improvement of the pharmacopoeial identification of burr marigold herb by macro- and microscopic characteristics","authors":"S. Kotov, T. Gontova, О. Sokolova","doi":"10.24959/nphj.22.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24959/nphj.22.72","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To improve the national monograph of burr marigold (Bidens tripartita L.) herb on macro- and microscopic characteristics of the raw material. To achieve this goal, a comparative macroscopic analysis of various species of burr marigold and an extended microscopic analysis of all parts of the plant that are part of the raw material were carried out.\u0000Materials and methods. The study objects were 7 samples of the medicinal plant raw material of Bidens tripartita L. identified and registered at the premises of the State Enterprise “Pharmacopoeia Center”. They were provided by various domestic manufacturers; a sample of the whole raw material of B. frondosa L. collected in the Akhtyrsky district ofthe Sumy region; a sample of the whole raw material of B. cernua L. provided by a domestic pharmaceutical enterprise. The raw material was harvested in the period of budding and the beginning of flowering. The dry raw material wassubject to the macroscopic analysis. The microscopic analysis was performed on the powder of the raw material sifted through a sieve with a hole diameter of 355 since according to the requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia and the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine this was a standardized procedure for determining the diagnostic signs of the medicinal plant raw material by microscopy.\u0000Results and discussion. As a result of the macroscopic analysis, it has been found that the raw material of Bidens tripartita L. is a mixture of the whole or fragmented stems with leaves, leaves, anthodia, and achenes. Stems are green or greenish-purple, round-oval, longitudinally grooved. Leaves are green or brownish-green, with a dentateserrated edge, opposite, with a 3-5-parted lamina with lanceolate lobes narrowed into short, slightly winged petioles. Inflorescences are erect anthodia, their width is almost equal to the height. Fruits are flattened achenes, at the apex with 2 or 3 awns, twice as short as the achene. The awns and lateral ribs of the achenes are covered with bristles, which tips are directed downwards. As a result of the microscopic analysis of Bidens tripartita L. powder, diagnosticsigns of all parts of the raw material have been found, namely: fragments of the lamina with veins, along which secretory channels with reddish-brown contents pass; fragments of the lamina from the upper or lower epidermis with the basic cells with sinuous walls, stomata anomocytic type, covering caterpillar form trichomes of 9–18 thin-walled cells, rarely thick-walled covering trichomes of 2-13 cells; fragments of the stem epidermis of rectangular elongated cells with thickened walls; fragments of the epidermis of the inner leaves of the involucres of elongated rectangular thin-walled cells and articulated branched secretory channels; fragments of epidermis of tubular flowers from polygonal cells with rounded papillary outgrowths; rounded pollen grains with spinous exine; fragments of the testa with pigmented darkbrown cells of the hypodermis and the","PeriodicalId":19221,"journal":{"name":"News of Pharmacy","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77669994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
When developing the technology of tablets and tablet masses one of the tasks is to determine the amounts of excipients required to obtain pharmaco-technological quality indicators that meet the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeiaof Ukraine (SPhU). Aim. To develop an algorithm for determining the type of three-factor mathematical models with dependent variables. Materials and methods. The study object was experimental observations of the quantitative effect of excipients in the tablet composition based on a solid dispersion of quercetin on the pharmacopeial characteristics of this dosage form, in particular on its flowability. The experimental data were processed by the planned experiment using Mathcad 15 and MS Excel software according to the algorithm proposed. Results and discussion. It has been found that the identification of mathematical models in pharmaceutical studies with three dependent factors, which total value is determined by the quantitative composition of the dosage formand fixed at a certain level, is difficult to perform due to the difficulty of interpreting the multiple regression parameters as characteristics of factors in isolation through their correlability. It has been proven that the replacement of variablesleads to the determination of a mathematical model that does not reveal the mechanism of the factors’ action and is a static description of their overall impact on the indicator studied. Conclusions. As a result of the research conducted, regression equations were found to determine the effect of the amount of these excipients on the tablet flowability. It has been found that the most influential role in determining the target in the factor space studied is played by the interaction of factors. The algorithm for determining the mathematical description of the dependence with three variables has been proposed. Based on the fact that the research is conditioned by strict conditions in the quantitative composition, the chosen mathematical model of the dependence of the quadratic equation with two factors, for which there are limitations, has no correlation. The model determined is characterized by the possibility of providing the graphical interpretation and simplification of analysis and can be used for forecasting and optimization.
{"title":"Development of a methodological approach to determine regression equations in the study of the technology for manufacturing tablets based on quercetin","authors":"O. Kutova, I. Kovalevska, N. Demchenko","doi":"10.24959/nphj.22.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24959/nphj.22.79","url":null,"abstract":"When developing the technology of tablets and tablet masses one of the tasks is to determine the amounts of excipients required to obtain pharmaco-technological quality indicators that meet the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeiaof Ukraine (SPhU).\u0000Aim. To develop an algorithm for determining the type of three-factor mathematical models with dependent variables.\u0000Materials and methods. The study object was experimental observations of the quantitative effect of excipients in the tablet composition based on a solid dispersion of quercetin on the pharmacopeial characteristics of this dosage form, in particular on its flowability. The experimental data were processed by the planned experiment using Mathcad 15 and MS Excel software according to the algorithm proposed.\u0000Results and discussion. It has been found that the identification of mathematical models in pharmaceutical studies with three dependent factors, which total value is determined by the quantitative composition of the dosage formand fixed at a certain level, is difficult to perform due to the difficulty of interpreting the multiple regression parameters as characteristics of factors in isolation through their correlability. It has been proven that the replacement of variablesleads to the determination of a mathematical model that does not reveal the mechanism of the factors’ action and is a static description of their overall impact on the indicator studied.\u0000Conclusions. As a result of the research conducted, regression equations were found to determine the effect of the amount of these excipients on the tablet flowability. It has been found that the most influential role in determining the target in the factor space studied is played by the interaction of factors. The algorithm for determining the mathematical description of the dependence with three variables has been proposed. Based on the fact that the research is conditioned by strict conditions in the quantitative composition, the chosen mathematical model of the dependence of the quadratic equation with two factors, for which there are limitations, has no correlation. The model determined is characterized by the possibility of providing the graphical interpretation and simplification of analysis and can be used for forecasting and optimization.","PeriodicalId":19221,"journal":{"name":"News of Pharmacy","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76653563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. To determine the optimal concentration of the thyme essential oil in the cream for the treatment of scalp diseases as part of the first stage of the development of the composition of this remedy. Materials and methods. The study object was model ointment compositions on the vaseline-lanolin base with different concentrations of the thyme essential oil. The antimicrobial and antifungal activities of the essential oil components were determined in the microbiological studies using agar diffusion. The reliability of the effect of the concentration of the thyme essential oil on the microbiological activity was determined by the method of mathematical planning of the experiment with a repeated number of tests. Results and discussion. Using Duncan’s multiple rank test, the ointment compositions with different content of the thyme essential oil (0,5 %, 1 %, 2 %, 3 %, 5 %, 7 %, 10 %) made on a vaseline-lanolin base (7 : 3) were ranked by the effect of the concentration of the thyme essential oil on the microbiological activity. According to the results obtained, the best indicators of the microbiological activity were observed in the samples containing 10 %, 7 % and 5 % thyme essential oil, and they had practically the same activity of their concentrations. In order to save the thyme essential oil, it was decided to focus on its minimum concentration (5 %), which provided the maximum antibacterial effect. Conclusions. The results of the studies allowed us to state the reliable effect of the concentration of the thyme essential oil on the microbiological activity of the ointment. The optimal concentration of the thyme essential oil, which is 5 %, has been determined. It will be used in the future to develop the optimal composition of a cosmetic cream.
{"title":"Determination of the optimal concentration of the thyme essential oil in a cosmetic cream for the treatment of skin diseases","authors":"L. O. Puchkan, L. Fukleva, D. Romanina","doi":"10.24959/nphj.22.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24959/nphj.22.80","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To determine the optimal concentration of the thyme essential oil in the cream for the treatment of scalp diseases as part of the first stage of the development of the composition of this remedy.\u0000Materials and methods. The study object was model ointment compositions on the vaseline-lanolin base with different concentrations of the thyme essential oil. The antimicrobial and antifungal activities of the essential oil components were determined in the microbiological studies using agar diffusion. The reliability of the effect of the concentration of the thyme essential oil on the microbiological activity was determined by the method of mathematical planning of the experiment with a repeated number of tests.\u0000Results and discussion. Using Duncan’s multiple rank test, the ointment compositions with different content of the thyme essential oil (0,5 %, 1 %, 2 %, 3 %, 5 %, 7 %, 10 %) made on a vaseline-lanolin base (7 : 3) were ranked by the effect of the concentration of the thyme essential oil on the microbiological activity. According to the results obtained, the best indicators of the microbiological activity were observed in the samples containing 10 %, 7 % and 5 % thyme essential oil, and they had practically the same activity of their concentrations. In order to save the thyme essential oil, it was decided to focus on its minimum concentration (5 %), which provided the maximum antibacterial effect.\u0000Conclusions. The results of the studies allowed us to state the reliable effect of the concentration of the thyme essential oil on the microbiological activity of the ointment. The optimal concentration of the thyme essential oil, which is 5 %, has been determined. It will be used in the future to develop the optimal composition of a cosmetic cream.","PeriodicalId":19221,"journal":{"name":"News of Pharmacy","volume":"216 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79641162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim. To develop a rational technology of a new semisolid preparation for skin application with a probiotic component in the form of an emulgel under the conditional name “Probioskin”. Materials and methods. When developing the technology the study objects were emulgel samples with selected substances – a lyophilized biomass of lactobacilli, dexpanthenol, lactic acid, and excipients – Aristoflex AVC gelling agent, propylene glycol, polysorbate-80, tocopherol, peach oil. To control the quality of the samples, the requirements of the monograph of the SPhU 2.4 on dosage forms “Semi-solid preparations for dermal use” and the general monograph of the SPhU 2.5 “Viable biotherapeutic drugs for human use” were observed. Results and discussion. The process of production of the “Probioskin” drug developed is carried out in the premises of purity class C according to the standard flowchart: the stage of auxiliary works, the stage of the main technological process, the stage of packaging, labeling and shipment of the finished product. The sequence of the technological stages in accordance with the technology of production of a semisolid preparation for skin application – the “Probioskin” emulgel consists of 8 stages: preparation of the raw material, preparation of an oil concentrate of a probiotic component, preparation of an aqueous concentrate of active substances, preparation of a gel base, preparation of an emulsion, packaging of tubes in packs, packaging of packs in group container. The specification for the “Probioskin” drug includes the following sections: “Description”, “Identification”, “pH”, “Uniformity”, “Mass of packaging contents”, “Microbiologicalpurity”, “Assay”. The results of control of the finished product meet the requirements of the MQC. Conclusions. Based on the complex of physicochemical, microbiological, biopharmaceutical, technological, rheological studies, a rational technology of a semisolid preparation for skin application under the conditional name “Probioskin”in the form of an emulgel has been developed. The indicators of quality, permissible norms, methods of control and critical parameters of production of the product developed have been determined.
{"title":"Technological aspects of the “Probioskin” emulgel development","authors":"A. Soloviova, O. Kaliuzhnaia","doi":"10.24959/nphj.22.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24959/nphj.22.88","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To develop a rational technology of a new semisolid preparation for skin application with a probiotic component in the form of an emulgel under the conditional name “Probioskin”.\u0000Materials and methods. When developing the technology the study objects were emulgel samples with selected substances – a lyophilized biomass of lactobacilli, dexpanthenol, lactic acid, and excipients – Aristoflex AVC gelling agent, propylene glycol, polysorbate-80, tocopherol, peach oil. To control the quality of the samples, the requirements of the monograph of the SPhU 2.4 on dosage forms “Semi-solid preparations for dermal use” and the general monograph of the SPhU 2.5 “Viable biotherapeutic drugs for human use” were observed.\u0000Results and discussion. The process of production of the “Probioskin” drug developed is carried out in the premises of purity class C according to the standard flowchart: the stage of auxiliary works, the stage of the main technological process, the stage of packaging, labeling and shipment of the finished product. The sequence of the technological stages in accordance with the technology of production of a semisolid preparation for skin application – the “Probioskin” emulgel consists of 8 stages: preparation of the raw material, preparation of an oil concentrate of a probiotic component, preparation of an aqueous concentrate of active substances, preparation of a gel base, preparation of an emulsion, packaging of tubes in packs, packaging of packs in group container. The specification for the “Probioskin” drug includes the following sections: “Description”, “Identification”, “pH”, “Uniformity”, “Mass of packaging contents”, “Microbiologicalpurity”, “Assay”. The results of control of the finished product meet the requirements of the MQC.\u0000Conclusions. Based on the complex of physicochemical, microbiological, biopharmaceutical, technological, rheological studies, a rational technology of a semisolid preparation for skin application under the conditional name “Probioskin”in the form of an emulgel has been developed. The indicators of quality, permissible norms, methods of control and critical parameters of production of the product developed have been determined.","PeriodicalId":19221,"journal":{"name":"News of Pharmacy","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88166004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Demeshko, I. Batiuchenko, S. V. Kovalev, O. V. Krivoruchko, S. Romanova
Aim. To study the anatomical structure of Cercis siliquastrum L. leaves. Materials and methods. The study objects were leaves of Judas tree collected in the Botanical garden of the National University of Pharmacy in June, 2021. Micropreparations were made of fresh, dried material and fixed with a mixture of 96 % ethanol, water and glycerin (1 : 1: 1). Micropreparations were prepared and examined according to the methodsof the SPhU using a Granum microscope (Austria). A Canon PC1251 camera was used for photographing. Results and discussion. The type of the leaf blade is dorsoventral, hypostomatic, there are cells with the orange content. There are numerous stomata of anocytic (sometimes anisocytic) type. Simple multicellular hairs with a weakly warty cuticle were found on the lower and upper epidermis. A 2-3-layered collenchymatous parenchyma is located above the central vein. The bundle sheath is crystalliferous. On the xylem side, 5-6 layers of the sclerenchyma are observed. The petiole has an oval shape, slightly ribbed near the leaf blade. In the middle of the petiole there are three bundles: two radial on the sides and one central with two additional bundles. All bundles are surrounded by a common sclerenchymal ring. There are cells with the orange content in the parenchyma. On the abaxial side there is a layer of cells with calcium oxalate drusens under the sclerenchyma. The petiole is rounded, slightly ribbed. The bundle has a crescent shape in the center. The xylem rays are with the brown content. The sclerenchyma is well developed. There are drusens in the parenchyma of the petiole. Conclusions. The main anatomical features of Judas tree leaves have been determined; it will allow identifying and standardizing the plant raw material. The data obtained are necessary for the development of Drug Quality Control Methods (DQCM) for the medicinal raw material.
{"title":"The study of the anatomical structure of Cercis siliquastrum L. leaves","authors":"O. Demeshko, I. Batiuchenko, S. V. Kovalev, O. V. Krivoruchko, S. Romanova","doi":"10.24959/nphj.22.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24959/nphj.22.73","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To study the anatomical structure of Cercis siliquastrum L. leaves.\u0000Materials and methods. The study objects were leaves of Judas tree collected in the Botanical garden of the National University of Pharmacy in June, 2021. Micropreparations were made of fresh, dried material and fixed with a mixture of 96 % ethanol, water and glycerin (1 : 1: 1). Micropreparations were prepared and examined according to the methodsof the SPhU using a Granum microscope (Austria). A Canon PC1251 camera was used for photographing.\u0000Results and discussion. The type of the leaf blade is dorsoventral, hypostomatic, there are cells with the orange content. There are numerous stomata of anocytic (sometimes anisocytic) type. Simple multicellular hairs with a weakly warty cuticle were found on the lower and upper epidermis. A 2-3-layered collenchymatous parenchyma is located above the central vein. The bundle sheath is crystalliferous. On the xylem side, 5-6 layers of the sclerenchyma are observed. The petiole has an oval shape, slightly ribbed near the leaf blade. In the middle of the petiole there are three bundles: two radial on the sides and one central with two additional bundles. All bundles are surrounded by a common sclerenchymal ring. There are cells with the orange content in the parenchyma. On the abaxial side there is a layer of cells with calcium oxalate drusens under the sclerenchyma. The petiole is rounded, slightly ribbed. The bundle has a crescent shape in the center. The xylem rays are with the brown content. The sclerenchyma is well developed. There are drusens in the parenchyma of the petiole.\u0000Conclusions. The main anatomical features of Judas tree leaves have been determined; it will allow identifying and standardizing the plant raw material. The data obtained are necessary for the development of Drug Quality Control Methods (DQCM) for the medicinal raw material.","PeriodicalId":19221,"journal":{"name":"News of Pharmacy","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74320903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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