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Who has a high level of food literacy, and who does not?: a qualitative study of college students in South Korea. 谁有较高的食品知识水平,谁没有?
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.6.1155
Hyelim Yoo, Eunbin Jo, Hyeongyeong Lee, Eunji Ko, Eunjin Jang, Jiwon Sim, Sohyun Park

Background/objectives: Unhealthy food choices among young adults are common globally, and the incidence of chronic diseases, such as obesity, is rising. Food literacy (FL) is important for improving and maintaining individual health in a rapidly changing food environment and can form the basis for following a sustainable diet. Therefore, it is essential to improve FL among young adults, particularly college students, who are in the formative years of their lifelong food habits. This study examined the facilitators and barriers of FL and related dietary behavior among college students in South Korea.

Subjects/methods: This study recruited 25 college students with different residence types using convenience and snowball sampling. In-person, telephone, and video interviews were conducted from March to November 2021. The interview data were analyzed using framework analysis based on the socio-ecological model.

Results: At the individual level, prior good experiences with food were the most frequently mentioned facilitator. In contrast, the major barriers were a lack of knowledge, financial hardship, irregular schedules, and academic stress. At the interpersonal level, the influences of family and peers, such as early exposure to healthy eating habits and opportunities to have easy accessibility to farms and farming, are major facilitators, but the lack of a sense of community was the major barrier. At the environmental level, the major barriers were unfavorable food environments at home and in neighborhoods, such as the absence of kitchens in housing and large packaging of produce at markets.

Conclusions: Many factors affected the students' FL and related healthy eating practices. These findings suggest that a campus-based FL program should be developed by reflecting on these facilitators and barriers.

背景/目标:在全球范围内,青壮年选择不健康食物的现象十分普遍,肥胖等慢性疾病的发病率也在不断上升。在瞬息万变的食品环境中,食品知识(FL)对于改善和保持个人健康非常重要,它可以成为可持续饮食的基础。因此,提高年轻人(尤其是大学生)的食物素养至关重要,因为他们正处于终生饮食习惯的形成期。本研究调查了韩国大学生FL及相关饮食行为的促进因素和障碍:本研究采用便利抽样和滚雪球抽样法,招募了 25 名不同居住类型的大学生。在 2021 年 3 月至 11 月期间进行了面谈、电话和视频访谈。访谈数据采用基于社会生态模型的框架分析法进行分析:在个人层面上,最常提及的促进因素是以前在食物方面的良好经历。相比之下,主要障碍是缺乏知识、经济困难、时间不规律和学习压力。在人际层面,家庭和同伴的影响是主要的促进因素,如早期接触健康饮食习惯以及有机会方便地接触农场和农耕,但缺乏社区意识是主要障碍。在环境层面,主要障碍是家庭和社区中不利的饮食环境,如住房中没有厨房,市场上的农产品包装过大等:结论:许多因素影响了学生的FL和相关的健康饮食习惯。这些研究结果表明,在制定以校园为基础的 FL 计划时,应考虑到这些促进因素和障碍。
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引用次数: 0
Food contributing to fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyols intake in Korean adults. 导致韩国成年人摄入可发酵低聚糖、双糖、单糖和多元醇的食物。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.6.1201
Woori Na, Cheongmin Sohn

Background/objectives: The dietary intake of foods with fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) is known to adversely affect patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, the effects of FODMAP have been studied predominantly among Western populations. This study aimed to identify foods high in FODMAP content which form a part of the Korean adult diet and obtain basic data for the preparation of IBS guidelines.

Subjects/methods: An online survey of 1,000 adults from the general population in the age group of 20 to 40 years was performed. Data from 787 participants (men, 386; women, 401) were analyzed. The general characteristics of the participants, health status, IBS diagnosis using the Rome III diagnostic criteria, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire findings, and food items causing symptoms were analyzed.

Results: Overall, 169 participants (21.5%) had IBS. The contribution of the FODMAP nutrients in both IBS and healthy groups was as follows: fructan > lactose > excess fructose > sorbitol > mannitol > galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS). The fructan intake was 4.6 ± 2.2 g/day and 4.3 ± 2.5 g/day in the IBS and healthy groups (P = 0.014), respectively. In the IBS group, the ratio of the intake of fructan to the total FODMAP intake was 39.5%, 29.8%, and 5.8% through onions, garlic, and bananas, respectively.

Conclusions: Fructan was the FODMAP nutrient most consumed by Korean adults. Therefore, given the difference in the dietary habits of each country's population, the dietary guidelines for IBS should be country specific.

背景/目的:众所周知,从膳食中摄入含有可发酵低聚糖、双糖、单糖和多元醇(FODMAP)的食物会对肠易激综合征(IBS)患者产生不利影响。然而,有关 FODMAP 影响的研究主要集中在西方人群中。本研究旨在确定韩国成年人饮食中 FODMAP 含量高的食物,并为编制肠易激综合征指南获取基本数据:本研究对 1,000 名 20 至 40 岁的普通成年人进行了在线调查。对 787 名参与者(男性 386 人,女性 401 人)的数据进行了分析。调查分析了参与者的一般特征、健康状况、使用罗马III诊断标准进行的肠易激综合征诊断、半定量食物频率问卷调查结果以及引起症状的食物:结果:共有 169 人(21.5%)患有肠易激综合征。在肠易激综合征组和健康组中,FODMAP 营养素的比例如下:果聚糖 > 乳糖 > 过量果糖 > 山梨醇 > 甘露醇 > 半乳糖寡糖(GOS)。IBS 组和健康组的果聚糖摄入量分别为 4.6 ± 2.2 克/天和 4.3 ± 2.5 克/天(P = 0.014)。在肠易激综合征组中,洋葱、大蒜和香蕉的果聚糖摄入量占 FODMAP 总摄入量的比例分别为 39.5%、29.8% 和 5.8%:结论:果聚糖是韩国成年人摄入最多的 FODMAP 营养素。结论:果聚糖是韩国成年人摄入最多的 FODMAP 营养素,因此,鉴于各国人口饮食习惯的差异,肠易激综合征的饮食指南应针对具体国家。
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引用次数: 0
Cydonia oblonga Miller fruit extract exerts an anti-obesity effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by activating the AMPK signaling pathway. Cydonia oblonga Miller 果实提取物通过激活 AMPK 信号通路,在 3T3-L1 脂肪细胞中发挥抗肥胖作用。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.6.1043
Hyun Sook Lee, Jae In Jung, Jung Soon Hwang, Myeong Oh Hwang, Eun Ji Kim

Background/objectives: The fruit of Cydonia oblonga Miller (COM) is used traditionally in Mediterranean region medicine to prevent or treat obesity, but its mechanism of action is still unclear. Beyond a demonstrated anti-obesity effect, the fruit was tested for the mechanism of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.

Materials/methods: 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were cultured for 8 days with COM fruit extract (COME) at different concentrations (0-600 µg/mL) with adipocyte differentiation medium. The cell viability was measured using an MTT assay; triglyceride (TG) was stained with Oil Red O. The expression levels of the adipogenesis-related genes and protein expression were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively.

Results: COME inhibited intracellular TG accumulation during adipogenesis. A COME treatment in 3T3-L1 cells induced upregulation of the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)α phosphorylation and downregulation of the adipogenic transcription factors, such as sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α. The COME treatment reduced the mRNA expression of fatty acyl synthetase, adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase, adipocyte protein 2, and lipoprotein lipase. It increased the mRNA expression of hormone-sensitive lipase and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I in 3T3-L1 cells.

Conclusions: COME inhibits adipogenesis via the AMPK signaling pathways. COME may be used to prevent and treat obesity.

背景/目的:在地中海地区的传统医学中,Cydonia oblonga Miller(COM)的果实被用于预防或治疗肥胖症,但其作用机制尚不清楚。材料/方法:用不同浓度(0-600 µg/mL)的COM 果实提取物(COME)和脂肪细胞分化培养基培养 3T3-L1 前脂肪细胞 8 天。用逆转录聚合酶链反应和 Western 印迹法分别分析了脂肪生成相关基因的表达水平和蛋白表达:结果:COME抑制了脂肪生成过程中细胞内TG的积累。3T3-L1细胞经COME处理后,单磷酸腺苷激活蛋白激酶(AMPK)α磷酸化上调,固醇调节元件结合蛋白1c、过氧化物酶体增殖激活受体γ和CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白α等致脂转录因子下调。COME 处理降低了脂肪酰基合成酶、三磷酸腺苷柠檬酸裂解酶、脂肪细胞蛋白 2 和脂蛋白脂肪酶的 mRNA 表达。结论:COME 能通过抑制脂肪细胞的脂肪生成,从而减少脂肪细胞中的脂肪酰合成酶、三磷酸腺苷柠檬酸酶、脂肪细胞蛋白 2 和脂蛋白脂肪酶的 mRNA 表达,增加 3T3-L1 细胞中激素敏感性脂肪酶和肉碱棕榈酰基转移酶 I 的 mRNA 表达:结论:COME 可通过 AMPK 信号通路抑制脂肪生成。结论:COME 通过 AMPK 信号通路抑制脂肪生成,可用于预防和治疗肥胖症。
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引用次数: 0
Association of milk and dairy product consumption with the incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular disease incidence in middle-aged and older Korean adults: a 16-year follow-up of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. 牛奶和乳制品消费与韩国中老年人心脑血管疾病发病率的关系:韩国基因组与流行病学研究的 16 年随访。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.6.1225
Yeseung Jeong, Kyung Won Lee, Hyekyeong Kim, Yuri Kim

Background/objectives: Unhealthy dietary behaviors constitute one of risk the factors for chronic and cardiovascular diseases, which are prevalent in middle-aged and older populations. Milk and dairy products are high-quality foods and important sources of calcium. Calcium protects against osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, this study investigated the association of milk and dairy product consumption with cardio-cerebrovascular disease incidence in middle-aged and older Korean adults.

Subjects/methods: Data were derived from the Ansan-Anseong cohort study, and a total of 8,009 individuals aged 40-69 years were selected and followed up biennially. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association of milk and dairy product consumption with cardio-cerebrovascular disease incidence.

Results: During a mean follow-up period of 96.5 person-months, 552 new cases of cardio-cerebrovascular disease were documented. Milk consumers (< 1 serving/day) exhibited a 23% lower risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease incidence than non-milk consumers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61-0.97; P for trend = 0.842). High yogurt consumption was associated with a 29% lower incidence risk (≥ 0.5 servings/day vs. none: HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.53-0.96; P for trend = 0.049), whereas high ice cream consumption was associated with a 70% higher risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease incidence (≥ 0.5 servings/day vs. none: HR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.01-2.88; P for trend = 0.070).

Conclusions: This study indicates that less than one serving of milk and high yogurt consumption are associated with a lower cardio-cerebrovascular disease risk in the middle-aged and older populations.

背景/目的:不健康的饮食行为是慢性病和心血管疾病的风险因素之一,这些疾病在中老年人群中普遍存在。牛奶和乳制品是优质食品,也是钙的重要来源。钙可预防骨质疏松症和心血管疾病。因此,本研究调查了韩国中老年人食用牛奶和乳制品与心脑血管疾病发病率的关系:数据来自安山-安城队列研究,共选取了 8009 名 40-69 岁的人,每两年进行一次随访。采用 Cox 比例危险模型来研究牛奶和乳制品消费与心脑血管疾病发病率之间的关系:结果:在平均 96.5 人月的随访期间,共记录了 552 例新的心脑血管疾病病例。牛奶消费者(< 1 份/天)的心脑血管疾病发病风险比非牛奶消费者低 23%(危险比 [HR],0.77;95% 置信区间 [CI],0.61-0.97;趋势 P = 0.842)。大量饮用酸奶与发病风险降低 29% 有关(≥ 0.5 份/天与不饮用酸奶相比:HR,0.71;95% CI,0.53-0.96;P=0.049),而大量饮用冰淇淋与心脑血管疾病发病风险增加 70% 有关(≥ 0.5 份/天与不饮用冰淇淋相比:HR,1.70;95% CI,1.01-2.88;P=0.070):这项研究表明,在中老年人群中,少于一份牛奶和大量饮用酸奶与较低的心脑血管疾病风险有关。
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引用次数: 0
Mentha canadensis attenuates adiposity and hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. 加拿大薄荷可减轻高脂肪饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠的肥胖和肝脂肪变性。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-28 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.870
Youngji Han, Ji-Young Choi, Eun-Young Kwon

Background/objectives: Obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome, a global public health problem. Mentha canadensis (MA), a traditional phytomedicine and dietary herb used for centuries, was the focus of this study to investigate its effects on obesity.

Materials/methods: Thirty-five male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 2 groups and fed either a normal diet (ND, n = 10) or a high-fat diet (HFD, n = 25) for 4 weeks to induce obesity. After the obesity induction period, the HFD-fed mice were randomly separated into 2 groups: one group continued to be fed HFD (n = 15, HFD group), while the other group was fed HFD with 1.5% (w/w) MA ethanol extract (n = 10, MA group) for 13 weeks.

Results: The results showed that body and white adipose tissue (WAT) weights were significantly decreased in the MA-supplemented group compared to the HFD group. Additionally, MA supplementation enhanced energy expenditure, leading to improvements in plasma lipids, cytokines, hepatic steatosis, and fecal lipids. Furthermore, MA supplementation regulated lipid-metabolism-related enzyme activity and gene expression, thereby suppressing lipid accumulation in the WAT and liver.

Conclusions: These findings indicate that MA has the potential to improve diet-induced obesity and its associated complications, including adiposity, dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation.

背景/目的:肥胖是代谢综合征的主要危险因素,代谢综合征是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。加拿大薄荷是一种使用了数百年的传统植物药和膳食草本植物,是本研究的重点,旨在研究其对肥胖的影响。材料/方法:将35只雄性C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为2组,分别饲喂正常饮食(ND,n=10)或高脂饮食(HFD,n=25)4周,以诱导肥胖。在肥胖诱导期后,将HFD喂养的小鼠随机分为2组:一组继续喂养HFD(n=15,HFD组),另一组用1.5%(w/w)MA乙醇提取物喂养HFD,为期13周(n=10,MA组)。结果:结果显示,与HFD组相比,补充MA组的身体和白色脂肪组织(WAT)重量显著降低。此外,补充MA会增加能量消耗,从而改善血脂、细胞因子、肝脏脂肪变性和粪便脂质。此外,补充MA调节脂质代谢相关酶活性和基因表达,从而抑制WAT和肝脏中的脂质积聚。结论:这些发现表明MA有可能改善饮食诱导的肥胖及其相关并发症,包括肥胖、血脂异常、肝脂肪变性和炎症。
{"title":"<i>Mentha canadensis</i> attenuates adiposity and hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.","authors":"Youngji Han,&nbsp;Ji-Young Choi,&nbsp;Eun-Young Kwon","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome, a global public health problem. <i>Mentha canadensis</i> (MA), a traditional phytomedicine and dietary herb used for centuries, was the focus of this study to investigate its effects on obesity.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>Thirty-five male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 2 groups and fed either a normal diet (ND, n = 10) or a high-fat diet (HFD, n = 25) for 4 weeks to induce obesity. After the obesity induction period, the HFD-fed mice were randomly separated into 2 groups: one group continued to be fed HFD (n = 15, HFD group), while the other group was fed HFD with 1.5% (w/w) MA ethanol extract (n = 10, MA group) for 13 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that body and white adipose tissue (WAT) weights were significantly decreased in the MA-supplemented group compared to the HFD group. Additionally, MA supplementation enhanced energy expenditure, leading to improvements in plasma lipids, cytokines, hepatic steatosis, and fecal lipids. Furthermore, MA supplementation regulated lipid-metabolism-related enzyme activity and gene expression, thereby suppressing lipid accumulation in the WAT and liver.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings indicate that MA has the potential to improve diet-induced obesity and its associated complications, including adiposity, dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"17 5","pages":"870-882"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d0/3a/nrp-17-870.PMC10522806.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41121453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neuroprotective effects of hesperetin on H2O2-induced damage in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. 橙皮素对H2O2诱导的神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y细胞损伤的神经保护作用。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-19 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.899
Ha-Rin Moon, Jung-Mi Yun

Background/objectives: Oxidative stress is a fundamental neurodegenerative disease trigger that damages and decimates nerve cells. Neurodegenerative diseases are chronic central nervous system disorders that progress and result from neuronal degradation and loss. Recent studies have extensively focused on neurodegenerative disease treatment and prevention using dietary compounds. Heseperetin is an aglycone hesperidin form with various physiological activities, such as anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and antitumor. However, few studies have considered hesperetin's neuroprotective effects and mechanisms; thus, our study investigated this in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated SH-SY5Y cells.

Materials/methods: SH-SY5Y cells were treated with H2O2 (400 µM) in hesperetin absence or presence (10-40 µM) for 24 h. Three-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assays detected cell viability, and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining allowed us to observe nuclear morphology changes such as chromatin condensation and apoptotic nuclei. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection assays measured intracellular ROS production; Griess reaction assays assessed nitric oxide (NO) production. Western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reactions quantified corresponding mRNA and proteins.

Results: Subsequent experiments utilized various non-toxic hesperetin concentrations, establishing that hesperetin notably decreased intracellular ROS and NO production in H2O2-treated SH-SY5Y cells (P < 0.05). Furthermore, hesperetin inhibited H2O2-induced inflammation-related gene expression, including interluekin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activation. In addition, hesperetin inhibited NF-κB translocation into H2O2-treated SH-SY5Y cell nuclei and suppressed mitogen-activated protein kinase protein expression, an essential apoptotic cell death regulator. Various apoptosis hallmarks, including shrinkage and nuclear condensation in H2O2-treated cells, were suppressed dose-dependently. Additionally, hesperetin treatment down-regulated Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratios and activated AMP-activated protein kinase-mammalian target of rapamycin autophagy pathways.

Conclusion: These results substantiate that hesperetin activates autophagy and inhibits apoptosis and inflammation. Hesperetin is a potentially potent dietary agent that reduces neurodegenerative disease onset, progression, and prevention.

背景/目的:氧化应激是一种导致神经细胞损伤和大量死亡的基本神经退行性疾病。神经退行性疾病是一种慢性中枢神经系统疾病,由神经元退化和丧失引起。最近的研究广泛关注使用膳食化合物治疗和预防神经退行性疾病。橙皮苷是一种苷元橙皮苷形式,具有抗炎、抗氧化和抗肿瘤等多种生理活性。然而,很少有研究考虑橙皮素的神经保护作用和机制;因此,我们的研究在过氧化氢(H2O2)处理的SH-SY5Y细胞中进行了研究。材料/方法:在不存在或存在橙皮素(10-40µM)的情况下,用H2O2(400µM)处理SH-SY5Y细胞24小时。三-(4,5-二甲基-2-噻唑基)-2,5-二苯基-2H-四唑溴化测定检测细胞活力,4’,6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚染色使我们能够观察核形态变化,如染色质凝聚和凋亡核。活性氧(ROS)检测测定测定细胞内ROS的产生;Griess反应测定评估了一氧化氮(NO)的产生。Western印迹和定量聚合酶链反应定量了相应的mRNA和蛋白质。结果:随后的实验使用了各种无毒的橙皮素浓度,证实橙皮素显著降低了H2O2处理的SH-SY5Y细胞内ROS和NO的产生(P<0.05)。此外,橙皮素还抑制了H2O2诱导的炎症相关基因表达,包括白细胞介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α和核因子κB(NF-κB)p65的激活。此外,橙皮素抑制NF-κB易位到H2O2处理的SH-SY5Y细胞核中,并抑制丝裂原活化蛋白激酶蛋白的表达,这是一种重要的凋亡细胞死亡调节剂。H2O2处理的细胞中的各种凋亡特征,包括收缩和核凝结,都受到剂量依赖性的抑制。此外,橙皮素处理下调了Bax/Bcl-2的表达比率,并激活了哺乳动物雷帕霉素自噬途径的AMP活化蛋白激酶靶点。结论:橙皮素可激活细胞自噬,抑制细胞凋亡和炎症反应。赫斯佩列汀是一种潜在的强效膳食制剂,可减少神经退行性疾病的发作、进展和预防。
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引用次数: 0
Antimetastatic effect of fucoidan against non-small cell lung cancer by suppressing non-receptor tyrosine kinase and extracellular signal-related kinase pathway. 褐藻糖胶通过抑制非受体酪氨酸激酶和细胞外信号相关激酶途径对癌症的抗转移作用。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.844
Nareenath Muneerungsee, Supita Tanasawet, Wanida Sukketsiri

Background/objectives: Fucoidan, a polysaccharide content in brown algae, has been reported to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. The present study aimed to investigate the suppression effects of fucoidan on A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells migration.

Materials/methods: The anti-migratory activity of fucoidan in A549 cells was examined by wound healing assay and phalloidin-rhodamine staining in response to fucoidan (0-100 µg/mL) treatment for 48 h. Western blot analysis was performed to clarify the protein expressions relevant to migratory activity.

Results: Fucoidan (25-100 µg/mL) significantly suppressed A549 cells migration together with reduced the intensity of phalloidin-rhodamine which detect filopodia and lamellipodia protrusions at 48 h of treatment. The protein expression indicated that fucoidan significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), Src, and extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK). In addition, the phosphorylation of p38 in A549 cells was found to be increased.

Conclusions: Our data conclude that fucoidan exhibits anti-migratory activities against lung cancer A549 cells mediated by inhibiting ERK1/2 and FAK-Src pathway.

背景/目的:褐藻糖胶是褐藻中的一种多糖,据报道可抑制癌症细胞的生长。本研究旨在探讨褐藻糖胶对A549非小细胞肺癌癌症细胞迁移的抑制作用。材料/方法:通过伤口愈合试验和鬼笔苷-罗丹明染色检测岩藻糖胶在A549细胞中的抗迁移活性,以响应岩藻糖聚糖(0-100µg/mL)处理48小时。进行蛋白质印迹分析以阐明与迁移活性相关的蛋白质表达。结果:褐藻糖胶(25-100µg/mL)显著抑制A549细胞的迁移,并降低了在处理48小时检测丝状足类和片状足类突起的鬼笔苷-罗丹明的强度。蛋白质表达表明,褐藻糖胶显著抑制粘着斑激酶(FAK)、Src和细胞外信号相关激酶(ERK)的磷酸化。此外,发现A549细胞中p38的磷酸化增加。结论:褐藻糖胶通过抑制ERK1/2和FAK-Src途径对癌症A549细胞具有抗迁移活性。
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引用次数: 0
What is on plates for school meals: focusing on animal- vs. plant-based protein foods. 学校餐的餐盘上有什么:专注于动物性和植物性蛋白质食品。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-25 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.1028
So-Young Kim, Meeyoung Kim

Background/objectives: This study aimed to analyze the potential of school meals in South Korea as a sustainable tool to reduce carbon emissions by focusing on animal- vs. plant-based protein foods.

Materials/methods: By using a stratified proportional allocation method, 536 out of the 11,082 schools nationwide were selected including 21 kindergartens, 287 elementary-, 120 middle- and 108 high schools. A total of 2,680 meals served for 5 consecutive days (June 21-25, 2021) were collected. We analyzed the average serving amounts of protein foods (animal- vs. plant-based) per meal and then, calculated the estimated average amounts of carbon emission equivalents per meal by applying the conversion coefficients. The t-test and analysis of variance were used for statistical analyses (α = 0.05).

Results: The average serving amount of animal-based protein foods per meal was 12.5 g, which was approximately 3 times higher than that of plant-based ones (3.8 g) (P < 0.001); the Meat-group had the highest average amount of 17.0 g, followed by Egg-group (9.6 g), Fish-group (7.6 g), and Beans-and-Nuts-group (3.8 g) (P < 0.05). Specifically, pork (25.1 g) was ranked first, followed by poultry (19.6 g), processed meat products (18.0 g). The estimated average amount of carbon emission equivalents of animal-based protein foods per meal was 80.1 g CO2e, which was approximately 31 times higher than that of plant-based ones (2.6 g CO2e) (P < 0.001); the Meat-group had the highest average amount of 120.3 g CO2e, followed by Fish-group (44.5 g CO2e), Egg-group (25.9 g CO2e), and Beans-and-Nuts-group (2.6 g CO2e) (P < 0.05). Specifically, processed meat products (270.8 g CO2e) were ranked first, followed by pork (91.7 g CO2e), and processed fish products (86.6 g CO2e).

Conclusions: The results implied that school meals with plant-based alternatives could be a sustainable tool to improve carbon footprint.

背景/目的:本研究旨在分析韩国学校餐作为一种可持续工具的潜力,通过关注动物性和植物性蛋白质食品来减少碳排放。材料/方法:采用分层比例分配法,在全国11082所学校中选择536所,其中幼儿园21所,小学287所,中学120所,高中108所。共收集了连续5天(2021年6月21日至25日)提供的2680份餐食。我们分析了每顿蛋白质食品(动物性与植物性)的平均供应量,然后通过应用转换系数计算了每顿碳排放当量的估计平均量。采用t检验和方差分析进行统计分析(α=0.05)。结果:动物蛋白食品每餐的平均食用量为12.5g,约为植物蛋白食品3.8g的3倍(P<0.001);肉类组的平均摄入量最高,为17.0g,其次是鸡蛋组(9.6g)、鱼类组(7.6g)和豆类和坚果组(3.8g)(P<0.05)。具体而言,猪肉(25.1g)排名第一,其次是家禽(19.6g)和加工肉制品(18.0g)。动物蛋白食品每餐的碳排放当量估计平均为80.1克二氧化碳当量,约为植物蛋白食品(2.6克二氧化碳当量)的31倍(P<0.001);肉类组的平均二氧化碳含量最高,为120.3克,其次是鱼类组(44.5克二氧化碳)、鸡蛋组(25.9克二氧化碳)和豆类和坚果组(2.6克二氧化碳)(P<0.05)。具体而言,加工肉制品(270.8克二氧化碳)排名第一,其次是猪肉(91.7克二氧化碳),以及加工鱼制品(86.6克二氧化碳)。结论:研究结果表明,采用植物替代品的学校膳食可能是改善碳足迹的可持续工具。
{"title":"What is on plates for school meals: focusing on animal- vs. plant-based protein foods.","authors":"So-Young Kim,&nbsp;Meeyoung Kim","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.1028","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.1028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the potential of school meals in South Korea as a sustainable tool to reduce carbon emissions by focusing on animal- vs. plant-based protein foods.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>By using a stratified proportional allocation method, 536 out of the 11,082 schools nationwide were selected including 21 kindergartens, 287 elementary-, 120 middle- and 108 high schools. A total of 2,680 meals served for 5 consecutive days (June 21-25, 2021) were collected. We analyzed the average serving amounts of protein foods (animal- vs. plant-based) per meal and then, calculated the estimated average amounts of carbon emission equivalents per meal by applying the conversion coefficients. The <i>t</i>-test and analysis of variance were used for statistical analyses (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average serving amount of animal-based protein foods per meal was 12.5 g, which was approximately 3 times higher than that of plant-based ones (3.8 g) (<i>P</i> < 0.001); the Meat-group had the highest average amount of 17.0 g, followed by Egg-group (9.6 g), Fish-group (7.6 g), and Beans-and-Nuts-group (3.8 g) (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Specifically, pork (25.1 g) was ranked first, followed by poultry (19.6 g), processed meat products (18.0 g). The estimated average amount of carbon emission equivalents of animal-based protein foods per meal was 80.1 g CO<sub>2</sub>e, which was approximately 31 times higher than that of plant-based ones (2.6 g CO<sub>2</sub>e) (<i>P</i> < 0.001); the Meat-group had the highest average amount of 120.3 g CO<sub>2</sub>e, followed by Fish-group (44.5 g CO<sub>2</sub>e), Egg-group (25.9 g CO<sub>2</sub>e), and Beans-and-Nuts-group (2.6 g CO<sub>2</sub>e) (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Specifically, processed meat products (270.8 g CO<sub>2</sub>e) were ranked first, followed by pork (91.7 g CO<sub>2</sub>e), and processed fish products (86.6 g CO<sub>2</sub>e).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results implied that school meals with plant-based alternatives could be a sustainable tool to improve carbon footprint.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"17 5","pages":"1028-1041"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/36/fe/nrp-17-1028.PMC10522810.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41145703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Probiotic supplementation has sex-dependent effects on immune responses in association with the gut microbiota in community-dwelling older adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. 益生菌补充剂对居住在社区的老年人的免疫反应和肠道微生物群具有性别依赖性影响:一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、多中心试验。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-26 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.883
Chong-Su Kim, Min Ho Jung, Eun Young Choi, Dong-Mi Shin

Background/objectives: Probiotics have been suggested as potent modulators of age-related disorders in immunological functions, yet little is known about sex-dependent effects of probiotic supplements. Therefore, we aimed to investigate sex-dependent effects of probiotics on profiles of the gut microbiota and peripheral immune cells in healthy older adults.

Subjects/methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial, healthy elderly individuals ≥ 65 yrs old were administered probiotic capsules (or placebo) for 12 wk. Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatic analyses. Peripheral immune cells were profiled using flow cytometry for lymphocytes (natural killer, B, CD4+ T, and CD8+ T cells), dendritic cells, monocytes, and their subpopulations.

Results: Compared with placebo, phylum Firmicutes was significantly reduced in the probiotic group in women, but not in men. At the genus level, sex-specific responses included reductions in the relative abundances of pro-inflammatory gut microbes, including Catabacter and unclassified_Coriobacteriales, and Burkholderia and unclassified Enterobacteriaceae, in men and women, respectively. Peripheral immune cell profiling analysis revealed that in men, probiotics significantly reduced the proportions of dendritic cells and CD14+ CD16- monocytes; however, these effects were not observed in women. In contrast, the proportion of total CD4+ T cells was significantly reduced in women in the probiotic group. Additionally, serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein levels showed a decreasing tendency that were positively associated with changes in gut bacteria, including Catabacter (ρ = 0.678, P < 0.05) and Burkholderia (ρ = 0.673, P < 0.05) in men and women, respectively.

Conclusions: These results suggest that probiotic supplementation may reduce the incidence of inflammation-related diseases by regulating the profiles of the gut microbiota and peripheral immune cells in healthy elders in a sex-specific manner.

背景/目的:益生菌被认为是免疫功能与年龄相关疾病的有效调节剂,但对益生菌补充剂的性别依赖性作用知之甚少。因此,我们旨在研究益生菌对健康老年人肠道微生物群和外周免疫细胞的性别依赖性影响。受试者/方法:在一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、多中心试验中,≥65岁的健康老年人服用益生菌胶囊(或安慰剂)12周。使用16S rRNA基因测序和生物信息学分析来分析肠道微生物群。使用流式细胞术对淋巴细胞(自然杀伤细胞、B细胞、CD4+T细胞和CD8+T细胞)、树突状细胞、单核细胞及其亚群的外周免疫细胞进行分析。结果:与安慰剂相比,益生菌组中女性的厚壁菌门显著减少,但男性没有。在属水平上,性别特异性反应包括男性和女性中促炎肠道微生物的相对丰度降低,包括Catabbacter和未分类的Coriobacteriales,以及Burkholderia和未分类肠杆菌科。外周免疫细胞图谱分析显示,在男性中,益生菌显著降低了树突状细胞和CD14+CD16-单核细胞的比例;然而,在女性身上没有观察到这些影响。相反,益生菌组女性CD4+T细胞总数的比例显著降低。此外,血清脂多糖结合蛋白水平呈下降趋势,这与肠道细菌的变化呈正相关,包括男性和女性的Catabbacter(ρ=0.678,P<0.05)和Burkholderia(ρ=0.673,<0.05)。结论:这些结果表明,补充益生菌可以通过以性别特异性的方式调节健康老年人的肠道微生物群和外周免疫细胞,从而降低炎症相关疾病的发生率。
{"title":"Probiotic supplementation has sex-dependent effects on immune responses in association with the gut microbiota in community-dwelling older adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial.","authors":"Chong-Su Kim,&nbsp;Min Ho Jung,&nbsp;Eun Young Choi,&nbsp;Dong-Mi Shin","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Probiotics have been suggested as potent modulators of age-related disorders in immunological functions, yet little is known about sex-dependent effects of probiotic supplements. Therefore, we aimed to investigate sex-dependent effects of probiotics on profiles of the gut microbiota and peripheral immune cells in healthy older adults.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial, healthy elderly individuals ≥ 65 yrs old were administered probiotic capsules (or placebo) for 12 wk. Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatic analyses. Peripheral immune cells were profiled using flow cytometry for lymphocytes (natural killer, B, CD4<sup>+</sup> T, and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells), dendritic cells, monocytes, and their subpopulations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with placebo, phylum Firmicutes was significantly reduced in the probiotic group in women, but not in men. At the genus level, sex-specific responses included reductions in the relative abundances of pro-inflammatory gut microbes, including <i>Catabacter</i> and unclassified_Coriobacteriales, and <i>Burkholderia</i> and unclassified Enterobacteriaceae, in men and women, respectively. Peripheral immune cell profiling analysis revealed that in men, probiotics significantly reduced the proportions of dendritic cells and CD14<sup>+</sup> CD16<sup>-</sup> monocytes; however, these effects were not observed in women. In contrast, the proportion of total CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells was significantly reduced in women in the probiotic group. Additionally, serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein levels showed a decreasing tendency that were positively associated with changes in gut bacteria, including <i>Catabacter</i> (<i>ρ</i> = 0.678, <i>P</i> < 0.05) and <i>Burkholderia</i> (<i>ρ</i> = 0.673, <i>P</i> < 0.05) in men and women, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that probiotic supplementation may reduce the incidence of inflammation-related diseases by regulating the profiles of the gut microbiota and peripheral immune cells in healthy elders in a sex-specific manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"17 5","pages":"883-898"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a3/c3/nrp-17-883.PMC10522805.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41154890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The level of food literacy and its association with food intake and obesity status among Seoul citizens: results from Seoul Food Survey 2021. 首尔市民的食品识字水平及其与食物摄入和肥胖状况的关系:2021年首尔食品调查结果。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.945
Hyelim Yoo, Eunbin Jo, Hyeongyeong Lee, Eunji Ko, Eunjin Jang, Jiwon Sim, Kirang Kim, Sohyun Park

Background/objectives: Food literacy (FL) is a crucial skill for selecting sustainable and healthy food options, necessitating the identification of vulnerable groups in the community using valid measurement tools. Identifying weak domains in FL is essential for enhancing the overall FL. This study examined the FL levels of Seoul citizens based on their sociodemographic characteristics and assessed the relationship between FL, food intake, and weight status.

Subjects/methods: This study utilized the data from the Seoul Food Survey, a cross-sectional study employing representative samples of Seoul citizens. Data collection occurred from September to October 2021, with 4,039 citizens aged 18 yrs and above participating in face-to-face surveys. Thirty-three FL items were assessed, comprising 14 items in the nutrition and safety (NS) domain, eight items in the cultural and relational (CR) domain, and 11 items in the socio-ecological (SE) domain. In addition, data on food intake sufficiency and obesity status were collected. The descriptive statistics, t-tests, analysis of variance, and logistic regression analysis were used for analysis.

Results: Men, students, young adults, older citizens, and people experiencing food insecurity had the lowest scores for all the FL domains. The highest quartile group of NS scores had a higher probability of consuming adequate servings of vegetables and fruits, with significant linear trends observed (P for trend < 0.05). In all three FL domains, the odds ratio for obesity was significantly lower in the groups with high FL scores (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: A close relationship was observed between low FL, obesity, and food intake, even after controlling for other covariates. Vulnerable groups with low FL were also identified. Therefore, it is essential to develop programs to improve FL and the health and well-being of these groups.

背景/目标:食品识字(FL)是选择可持续和健康食品选择的关键技能,因此必须使用有效的测量工具识别社区中的弱势群体。识别FL中的薄弱领域对于提高整体FL至关重要。本研究根据首尔市民的社会人口学特征对他们的FL水平进行了调查,并评估了FL、食物摄入和体重状况之间的关系。受试者/方法:本研究利用了首尔食品调查的数据,这是一项横断面研究,采用了首尔市民的代表性样本。数据收集发生在2021年9月至10月,4039名18岁及以上的公民参与了面对面调查。评估了33个FL项目,包括营养与安全(NS)领域的14个项目、文化与关系(CR)领域的8个项目和社会生态(SE)领域的11个项目。此外,还收集了有关食物摄入充足性和肥胖状况的数据。采用描述性统计、t检验、方差分析和逻辑回归分析进行分析。结果:男性、学生、年轻人、老年人和经历粮食不安全的人在所有FL领域的得分最低。NS得分最高的四分位数组有更高的概率摄入足够的蔬菜和水果,并观察到显著的线性趋势(趋势<0.05)。在所有三个FL域中,FL得分高的组肥胖的比值比显著较低(P<0.05)。结论:低FL、肥胖和食物摄入之间存在密切关系,即使在控制了其他协变量之后。还确定了低FL的弱势群体。因此,制定改善FL以及这些群体的健康和福祉的计划至关重要。
{"title":"The level of food literacy and its association with food intake and obesity status among Seoul citizens: results from Seoul Food Survey 2021.","authors":"Hyelim Yoo,&nbsp;Eunbin Jo,&nbsp;Hyeongyeong Lee,&nbsp;Eunji Ko,&nbsp;Eunjin Jang,&nbsp;Jiwon Sim,&nbsp;Kirang Kim,&nbsp;Sohyun Park","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Food literacy (FL) is a crucial skill for selecting sustainable and healthy food options, necessitating the identification of vulnerable groups in the community using valid measurement tools. Identifying weak domains in FL is essential for enhancing the overall FL. This study examined the FL levels of Seoul citizens based on their sociodemographic characteristics and assessed the relationship between FL, food intake, and weight status.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>This study utilized the data from the Seoul Food Survey, a cross-sectional study employing representative samples of Seoul citizens. Data collection occurred from September to October 2021, with 4,039 citizens aged 18 yrs and above participating in face-to-face surveys. Thirty-three FL items were assessed, comprising 14 items in the nutrition and safety (NS) domain, eight items in the cultural and relational (CR) domain, and 11 items in the socio-ecological (SE) domain. In addition, data on food intake sufficiency and obesity status were collected. The descriptive statistics, <i>t</i>-tests, analysis of variance, and logistic regression analysis were used for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Men, students, young adults, older citizens, and people experiencing food insecurity had the lowest scores for all the FL domains. The highest quartile group of NS scores had a higher probability of consuming adequate servings of vegetables and fruits, with significant linear trends observed (<i>P</i> for trend < 0.05). In all three FL domains, the odds ratio for obesity was significantly lower in the groups with high FL scores (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A close relationship was observed between low FL, obesity, and food intake, even after controlling for other covariates. Vulnerable groups with low FL were also identified. Therefore, it is essential to develop programs to improve FL and the health and well-being of these groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"17 5","pages":"945-958"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9f/17/nrp-17-945.PMC10522808.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41109601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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