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Digitized technology and evolving selfie obsession among University of Port Harcourt students: A gendered culture? 哈科特港大学学生的数字化技术和不断演变的自拍痴迷:性别文化?
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/jgp-2020-0013
Emily Oghale God’spresence, Azuka Felix N. God’spresence
Abstract Digitization is a prime globalized ideology in the 21st century high tech revolution. It essentially deals with automation of manual process to make room for easy documentation and sustainable data regime. Africa is an emerging digital domain with many of its young generation becoming keen lovers of Information Technology (IT), and many of the youth population fast becoming internet devotees, social and new media addicts. One of the trending fantasies, among the numerous exploitations and innovations of the new technology is selfie. Selfie is simply a selfphotograph of a person’s portrait by himself. This is possible by the use of smartphone or digital camera held out at arm’s length by the person taking the snapshot. Presently, there is craze for digital identity among African youths. It is against this background that undergraduate students at the University of Port Harcourt were sampled purposively for deployment in this study. This study utilizes questionnaire and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) as instruments for data gathering in order to determine whether the use of selfies is more common to the male or female members of the African digital society. Finally, the study is guided by Uses and Gratification theory and Symbolic Interactionism Theory.
数字化是21世纪高科技革命的主要全球化思潮。它本质上处理手动过程的自动化,以便为简单的文档和可持续的数据制度腾出空间。非洲是一个新兴的数字领域,许多年轻一代成为信息技术(IT)的狂热爱好者,许多年轻人迅速成为互联网爱好者、社交和新媒体成瘾者。在新技术的众多开发和创新中,自拍是热门幻想之一。自拍就是一个人的自拍照。拍照的人只要把智能手机或数码相机放在一臂远的地方,就可以做到这一点。目前,非洲年轻人对数字身份有一种狂热。正是在这种背景下,哈科特港大学的本科生被有目的地抽样进行本研究的部署。本研究利用问卷调查和焦点小组讨论(FGD)作为数据收集工具,以确定非洲数字社会中男性或女性成员是否更常见地使用自拍。最后,本研究以使用与满足理论和符号互动理论为指导。
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引用次数: 0
Gender, Productive Resources and Agricultural Development in the Urban Area 性别、生产资源和城市地区的农业发展
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/jgp-2020-0015
Damilola Blessing Olufemi, Olusola Joseph Adejumo
Abstract The Nigerian society is a patriarchy society where men dominate over women most especially in access and control over productive resources and decision-making process. This limitation often has negative impacts on food security; most especially in urban areas where more than half of the world’s population now dwells. This study aimed at documenting the experiences of urban women farmers in accessing critical agricultural productive resources. The study engaged both quantitative and qualitative methods in designing the research. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 250 respondents, and information was elicited through the use of questionnaire, Key Informant Interview (KII), and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The study revealed that the urban female farmers in the study area have inadequate access to critical agricultural productive resources and are still making use of crude and traditional implements in their various agricultural activities. Likewise, through usufructuary rights, in reference to access to land the urban status quo is gradually weakening the patriarchal nature of the society.
尼日利亚社会是一个父权制社会,男性主导女性,特别是在获取和控制生产资源和决策过程中。这种限制往往对粮食安全产生负面影响;尤其是在城市地区,现在世界上一半以上的人口居住在城市地区。这项研究旨在记录城市女性农民在获取关键农业生产资源方面的经验。该研究在设计研究时采用了定量和定性方法。采用多阶段抽样法抽取250名调查对象,通过问卷调查、关键信息访谈(KII)和焦点小组讨论(FGD)等方式获取信息。研究表明,研究区城市女性农民获得关键农业生产资源的机会不足,在各种农业活动中仍使用原始和传统的农具。同样,通过用益物权,在土地使用权方面,城市现状正在逐渐削弱社会的父权性质。
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引用次数: 0
Desired Traits in Mate Selection: A Survey of Hispanic-American Female Students 配偶选择中的期望特征:对西班牙裔美国女学生的调查
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/jgp-2020-0012
S. Rehman
Abstract Previous research on mate selection has primarily focused on long-term relationships, i.e. spouse selection. Literature suggests that factors and traits playing a significant role in choosing a short-term partner have been mostly overlooked in mate-selection research. The present study, with a sample of 115 Hispanic-American females attending a public university, attempts to determine if there are significant differences in reported preferences when looking for short-term partners versus when looking for a long-term partner. The subjects individually listed their preferences for short-term partners from a list of traits generated by previous research. The participants were then put into groups consisting of five females in each group. Group members discuss their preferences among themselves and generate a list of desirable traits in a long-term partner. This paper reports the findings of the survey in two specific categories. It separates the desired traits for short-term and long-term partners, and it presents the differences in preferences based on relational status, i.e., single or in a relationship.
以往关于配偶选择的研究主要集中在长期关系上,即配偶选择。文献表明,在择偶研究中,在选择短期伴侣方面发挥重要作用的因素和特征大多被忽视了。目前的研究以一所公立大学的115名西班牙裔美国女性为样本,试图确定在寻找短期伴侣和寻找长期伴侣时,报告的偏好是否有显著差异。受试者根据之前的研究得出的一系列特征,分别列出了他们对短期伴侣的偏好。然后参与者被分成五组,每组五名女性。小组成员之间讨论他们的偏好,并列出长期伴侣的理想特征。本文将调查结果分为两类。它区分了对短期伴侣和长期伴侣的期望特征,并呈现了基于关系状态(即单身或恋爱)的偏好差异。
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引用次数: 0
Book-Review: Susan W. Woolley, Lee Airton (eds.). Teaching about Gender Diversity. Teacher-Tested Lesson Plans for K-12 classrooms. Toronto 2020: Canadian Scholars. Pp. 334 书评:Susan W. Woolley, Lee Airton(编)。性别多样性教学。K-12教室的教师测试课程计划。2020年多伦多:加拿大学者。334页。
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/jgp-2020-0020
J. Adamczewski
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引用次数: 0
Di bụ ugwu nwanyị (Husband is the dignity of a woman): Reimagining the Validity of an Igbo Aphorism in Contemporary Society 丈夫是女人的尊严:伊博语格言在当代社会的有效性再思考
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/jgp-2020-0016
O. P. C. Wariboko, Caroline N. Mbonu
Abstract Cultural aphorisms tend to sustain gender disparity. There are certain cultural expressions which tend to sustain gender disparity and oppression among the Igbo of Nigeria. One of such is di bụ ugwu nwanyị, literally translated ‘husband is a woman’s dignity’. This Igbo maxim tends to foster gendered marginalization and oppression in contemporary Igboland. The saying reinforces the status of the husband as requisite for the visibility and pride of the woman. Perhaps this may explain why some marital issues such as husband infidelity, wife-battering, are culturally underplayed for protection of the man. Thus women are forced to endure abuses in their marriages. There exist a plethora of other gender related issues that are rooted in the di bụ ugwu nwanyị metaphor. This paper engages the implications of this Igbo cultural expression amidst the advocacy of gender justice and inclusivity in Igbo land. As qualitative study that adopts the phenomenological approach, this paper, draws insight from interviews, observations, oral histories and extant Igbo literature. Akachi Ezeigbo’s snail-sense feminism and Obioma Nnaemeka’s negofeminism undergird the theoretical framework. The paper advocates for the obliteration, or reinterpretation of di bụ ugwu nwanyị that honours dignity for gender equity and inclusivity so as to valorize the status of women in Igboland.
文化格言倾向于维持性别差异。在尼日利亚的伊博人中,有一些文化表现形式倾向于维持性别差异和压迫。其中之一就是“丈夫是女人的尊严”。这条伊博格言倾向于在当代伊格博助长性别边缘化和压迫。这句话强调了丈夫的地位,认为这是女性形象和骄傲的必要条件。也许这可以解释为什么一些婚姻问题,如丈夫不忠,殴打妻子,在文化上被低估为保护男人。因此,妇女在婚姻中被迫忍受虐待。还有许多其他与性别有关的问题都植根于“我是谁”这个比喻。本文探讨了这种伊博文化表达在伊博土地上倡导性别公正和包容的意义。本文采用现象学方法进行定性研究,从访谈、观察、口述历史和现存伊博文学中获得见解。Akachi Ezeigbo的蜗牛意识女性主义和Obioma Nnaemeka的协商女性主义构成了这一理论框架。本文主张废除或重新诠释“di bongugwu nwanytu”,以尊重性别平等和包容性的尊严,从而提高妇女在伊格兰的地位。
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引用次数: 0
Mobility Trope: Travelling as a Signature of the Afropolitan Female Quest for Existential Subjectivity in Chika Unigwe’s On Black Sisters’ Street 流动修辞:奇卡·尤尼格《黑人姐妹街》中作为非洲女性追求存在主体性标志的旅行
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/jgp-2020-0017
Okwudiri Anasiudu
Abstract The mobility trope is a key aesthetic feature in Afropolitan fiction and it crystalizes as the act of travelling which has become an important subject-matter in postnationalist African fictions by women such as Chimamanda Adichie, Noviolet Bulawayo or Chika Unigwe as a way of intervention on the debate of the Afropolitan female quest for existential subjectivity in 21st century African fiction. This is against the backdrop of negative essentialism and the exertions of patriarchy evident in the representation of African women’s in 20th century African fiction. Drawing from the foregoing, this paper interrogates Chika Unigwe’s On Black Sisters’ Street (Hence OBSS) to demonstrate how the writer deploys mobility trope which manifest as travelling as a signature of the Afropolitan female quest for existential subjectivity. I argue in this paper that, though existing studies on OBSS portray Efe, Sisi, Ama and Joyce as exported commodities in neoliberal sex market, their relocation however opens up a new vista to understanding their motivation and quest for new subjectivity, empowered fluid agency, individual autonomy and translation into Afropolitans. This is within Achille Mbembe’s phenomenological criticism of Afropolitanism and a methology that is based on qualitative content analysis of the text—OBSS. On the long run, the identity which travelling confers on the female characters is fluid, as they represent an African being in a globalized world and a strong sense of cultural mobility.
流动修辞是非洲人小说的一个重要审美特征,它以旅行行为的形式表现出来,旅行行为已成为后民族主义非洲小说的一个重要主题,这些小说的作者包括Chimamanda Adichie、Noviolet Bulawayo和Chika Unigwe,她们用这种方式介入了21世纪非洲小说中非洲人女性对存在主义主体性的追求的辩论。这是在消极本质主义的背景下,男权主义在20世纪非洲小说中对非洲妇女的表现是明显的。综上所述,本文对奇卡·尤尼格的《黑人姐妹街》(OBSS)进行了探讨,以展示作家如何运用流动的比喻,这种比喻以旅行为标志,体现了非洲女性对存在主义主体性的追求。我在本文中认为,尽管现有的OBSS研究将Efe、Sisi、Ama和Joyce描绘为新自由主义性市场的出口商品,但他们的重新定位为理解他们的动机和对新主体性、被授权的流动代理、个人自治和转化为非洲人的追求开辟了新的前景。这是Achille Mbembe对非洲政治主义的现象学批评,也是基于文本- obss的定性内容分析的方法。从长远来看,旅行赋予女性角色的身份是流动的,因为她们代表了全球化世界中的非洲人,具有强烈的文化流动性。
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引用次数: 0
Towards a Research Agenda on Individual Differences in ELT in Nigeria 尼日利亚英语教学的个体差异研究议程
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/jgp-2020-0014
I. Tamunobelema, J. O. Ahaotu
Abstract There are a variety of individual differences that English language teaching (ELT) professionals cannot afford to ignore. This essay is based on a premise that teaching and learning English in Nigeria’s multilingual background of 526 languages (Ethnologue, 2018) present an extraordinary context of multiculturalism and individual differences in the language classroom. ELT professionals in such a context require significant expertise in the application of inclusive practices. The essay identified gaps in the praxis and policy dimensions of Nigerian ELT practice relating to individual differences and suggested a research focus on these two areas. It concluded that teachers should adopt clear, empirically tested methodologies to cater for the different students in the class, create good relationships in the classroom to develop learner self-confidence, integrate activities and tasks that clearly appeal to different learning styles and personalities, personalize learning as much as possible, create learner autonomy, and pay attention to cultural variations among L2 learners.
英语教学中存在着各种各样的个体差异,这是英语教学专业人士不可忽视的。本文基于一个前提,即在尼日利亚526种语言的多语言背景下(Ethnologue, 2018)教授和学习英语,在语言课堂上呈现出多元文化主义和个体差异的非凡背景。在这种背景下,英语教学专业人员需要在应用包容性实践方面具有重要的专业知识。本文确定了尼日利亚英语教学实践中与个体差异有关的实践和政策方面的差距,并建议将研究重点放在这两个领域。它的结论是,教师应该采用明确的、经过实证检验的方法来迎合课堂上不同的学生,在课堂上建立良好的关系来培养学习者的自信心,整合明显吸引不同学习风格和个性的活动和任务,尽可能地个性化学习,创造学习者的自主权,并注意第二语言学习者之间的文化差异。
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引用次数: 0
Directing gender equality in Ahmed Yerima’s Altine’s Wrath 在艾哈迈德·耶里玛的《阿尔蒂娜的愤怒》中指导性别平等
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/jgp-2020-0018
Sunday Edum
Abstract One of the functions of the theatre director is to develop a concept that would appeal to the audience in the process of his interpretation. This paper textually evaluates the issue of gender equality as the directorial concept in Ahmed Yerima’s Altine’s Wrath. The paper adopts the sociological, literary and artistic methods to interrogate the directorial implications of the text as it will be demonstrated in the performance. The paper notes that a thorough understanding of gender theories and principles would guide a director’s realization of the identified concept. The paper, therefore, calls on directors to support the issue of gender equality by developing concepts in this regard and as such promote a peaceful society.
戏剧导演的功能之一是在他的阐释过程中形成一种能够吸引观众的概念。本文对艾哈迈德·耶里玛的《阿尔蒂娜的愤怒》中的性别平等问题作为导演理念进行了文本评价。本文采用社会学,文学和艺术的方法来询问文本的导演含义,因为它将在表演中展示。本文指出,对性别理论和原则的透彻理解将指导导演实现已识别的概念。因此,该文件呼吁各主任通过发展这方面的概念来支持性别平等问题,从而促进一个和平的社会。
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引用次数: 0
Torturing the helpless: A review of PCOS induced infertility from a gender perspective 折磨无助者:从性别角度回顾多囊卵巢综合征导致的不孕
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/jgp-2020-0019
A. Atijosan
Abstract This paper reviewed the abuse of infertile women suffering from Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) from a gender perspective. Infertility is a prevalent, presenting feature of PCOS with 75% of women experiencing infertility due to anovulation, making PCOS the most common cause of anovulatory infertility. Increased awareness of PCOS, its causes, and its symptoms may help the process of early diagnosis, appropriate care and mitigation of violence arising from infertility hence, this study. In many countries’ infertility among married couples especially for women is a sentence to stigmatization, loss of social status, marital conflicts and violence. All this stems from prevailing socio-cultural norms and gender inequalities inimical to women. PCOS is a syndrome without much public awareness and PCOS patients often do not seek care. Where they seek care, they are often not immediately diagnosed with PCOS. Due to some prevailing cultural norms and general lack of awareness they are often tortured and abused. Outcomes from this study shows that there is need to intensify public awareness on the various factors contributing to infertility such as PCOS which has been identified as a major contributing factor. Also, harmful socio-cultural norms and practices that encourages gender inequalities and violence against infertile women should be eradicated with strong policies put in place and perpetrators severely punished. Early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of PCOS is also crucial. Finally, proactiveness by implementing working strategies that will help improve treatment and mitigate violence against women suffering from PCOS should be embrace by all.
摘要本文从性别角度综述了多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)不孕妇女的虐待行为。不孕不育是PCOS的一个普遍特征,75%的女性因无排卵而不孕,使PCOS成为无排卵性不孕的最常见原因。提高对多囊卵巢综合征及其病因和症状的认识可能有助于早期诊断、适当护理和减轻由不孕症引起的暴力。在许多国家,已婚夫妇特别是妇女的不孕症是对耻辱、丧失社会地位、婚姻冲突和暴力的宣判。所有这些都源于对妇女不利的普遍社会文化规范和性别不平等。多囊卵巢综合征是一种公众意识不高的综合征,多囊卵巢综合征患者往往不寻求治疗。当他们寻求治疗时,他们通常不会立即被诊断为多囊卵巢综合征。由于一些普遍的文化规范和普遍缺乏认识,他们经常受到酷刑和虐待。这项研究的结果表明,需要加强公众对导致不孕症的各种因素的认识,如多囊卵巢综合征,这已被确定为主要因素。此外,应消除鼓励性别不平等和对不育妇女施暴的有害社会文化规范和做法,制定强有力的政策,严惩犯罪者。多囊卵巢综合征的早期诊断和多学科治疗方法也至关重要。最后,所有人都应该积极主动地实施有助于改善治疗和减轻对多囊症妇女暴力的工作战略。
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引用次数: 1
Exploring the Overrepresentation of Black Male Students in Special Education: Causes and Recommendations 特殊教育中黑人男生比例过高:原因与建议
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/jgp-2020-0011
M. Delahunty, Calli Lewis Chiu
Abstract An overrepresentation of Black male students identified as having disabilities is pervasive in American schools. This troubling reality may be the result of disconnects between Black males and their White teachers. Racial differences likely contribute to the high number of Black males referred for programs for students with disabilities. This paper explores the overrepresentation of Black male students identified as having disabilities and recommendations for supporting their success.
在美国学校中,被认定为残疾的黑人男生比例过高的现象十分普遍。这种令人不安的现实可能是黑人男性和他们的白人老师之间脱节的结果。种族差异可能导致大量黑人男性被推荐到残疾学生项目。本文探讨了黑人男学生被认为有残疾的比例过高的问题,并提出了支持他们成功的建议。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of Gender and Power
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