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Attraction of foreign investments in oil and gas industry of the Russian Federation 吸引外国投资于俄罗斯联邦的石油和天然气工业
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33051/2500-2325-2018-4-37-43
N. Ermakova
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引用次数: 0
Properties of the food self-sufficiency indicator and the factors that determine it 粮食自给指标的性质及其决定因素
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33051/2500-2325-2022-2-06-16
M. G. Prokopyev
The article considers the features and properties of the food self-sufficiency indicator. It is analyzed how possible combinations between the growth of exports and imports, as well as the capacity of the domestic market of domestic products affect the indicator of food self-sufficiency and food security. The theoretical justification and formalized representation of the factors that have a significant impact on this indicator (forming this indicator) is given. The direction of their impact on level of food self-sufficiency and food security has been revealed.
本文探讨了粮食自给率指标的特点和性质。分析了出口和进口增长之间的可能组合以及国内产品的国内市场能力如何影响粮食自给自足和粮食安全指标。给出了对该指标(形成该指标)有重大影响的因素的理论论证和形式化表示。它们对粮食自给自足水平和粮食安全的影响方向已被揭示。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of legislative and institutional framework of the development of tourism in the Republic of Uzbekistan 乌兹别克斯坦共和国旅游业发展的立法和体制框架分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33051/2500-2325-2019-2-83-89
Bakhodir Kh. Turaev, E. A. Kim
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引用次数: 0
Problems, risks, trends in the development of the world economy at the beginning of 2022 and mechanisms translating the negative impacts of the world economic system to the Russian economy 2022年初世界经济发展的问题、风险和趋势,以及世界经济体系对俄罗斯经济负面影响的机制
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33051/2500-2325-2022-2-97-113
K. Zoidov, Konstantin S. Jankauskas
The article discusses the problems, risks, trends in the development of the world economy at the beginning of 2022 and the mechanisms translating the negative impacts of the world economic system to the Russian economy in the context military special operation in Ukraine and increased sanctions pressure. Goal. To identify and analyze new problems, risks and trends in the development of the world economy after the outbreak of the military conflict in Ukraine on February 24, 2022, as well as mechanisms for relaying the negative impacts of the world economic system to the Russian economy in new conditions. Objectives. Analysis of the impact of the military conflict in Ukraine on the main macroeconomic indicators of the development of the world economy; study of the socio-economic consequences of the conflict in Ukraine on individual countries, groups of countries and regions; analysis of new sanctions measures imposed against Russia by other countries; analysis of the impact of new sanctions measures and negative impacts of the world economic system on the main macroeconomic indicators of the development of the Russian economy. Methodology. The methods of system analysis, classification and comparison, evolutionary-institutional theory and historical approach were applied in the course of the study. Results. Despite the fact that the conflict in Ukraine is local and only two countries are directly involved in the fighting, occupying a fairly small share in world GDP and world trade, the socio-economic consequences of this conflict are global in nature and will affect most regions and countries of the world. This is due to the fact that Russia and Ukraine are the main suppliers to the world markets of a number of raw materials and agricultural goods. In 2022, a rather serious reduction in the main macroeconomic indicators of the Russian economy is predicted. Such deep rates of decline in GDP and gross fixed capital accumulation have not been observed in Russia since the crisis of 2009 and the transformational crisis of the early 1990s. Conclusions. One of the main challenges for the Russian economy at the moment is the issue of the ability of structural adjustment to move away from commodity dependence in the face of sanctions restrictions on the export of new technologies to Russia and the outflow of highly qualified specialists from the country.
文章在乌克兰军事特别行动和制裁压力加大的背景下,探讨了2022年初世界经济发展的问题、风险、趋势以及世界经济体系对俄罗斯经济负面影响的转化机制。的目标。识别和分析2022年2月24日乌克兰军事冲突爆发后世界经济发展的新问题、新风险和新趋势,以及新形势下世界经济体系对俄罗斯经济负面影响的传导机制。目标。分析乌克兰军事冲突对世界经济发展主要宏观经济指标的影响;研究乌克兰冲突对个别国家、国家集团和区域的社会经济后果;分析其他国家对俄罗斯实施的新制裁措施;分析新制裁措施的影响和世界经济体系对俄罗斯经济发展的主要宏观经济指标的负面影响。方法。在研究过程中运用了系统分析、分类比较、进化制度理论和历史研究方法。结果。尽管乌克兰的冲突是地方性的,只有两个国家直接参与了战斗,在世界国内生产总值和世界贸易中所占的份额相当小,但这场冲突的社会经济后果是全球性的,并将影响到世界上大多数区域和国家。这是因为俄罗斯和乌克兰是世界市场上许多原材料和农产品的主要供应国。预计到2022年,俄罗斯经济的主要宏观经济指标将出现相当严重的下降。自2009年危机和上世纪90年代初的转型危机以来,俄罗斯从未出现过GDP和固定资本积累总额如此大幅度的下滑。结论。目前俄罗斯经济面临的主要挑战之一是,在制裁限制向俄罗斯出口新技术和高素质专家外流的情况下,如何进行结构调整以摆脱对商品的依赖。
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引用次数: 1
Problems of formation and development of the modern Russian economy on the evolutionary and institutional basis of the Russian statehood 现代俄罗斯经济的形成和发展问题:基于俄罗斯国家体制的演变和制度基础
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33051/2500-2325-2021-1-149-162
K. Zoidov, A. A. Medkov
The research is aimed at identifying, describing and analyzing the problems of the formation and development of the modern Russian economy on the evolutionary and institutional basis of the Russian statehood and developing recommendations for the implementation of a promising state foreign and domestic economic policy. Goal. On the basis of historical and economic analysis, to identify the ways of further socio-economic development of Russia, the directions of the revival and strengthening of the Russian statehood, by activating the transport and transit direction «North-South», the formation of innovative and industrial belts of trade routes of the XXI century, connecting the country with the Islamic world. Tasks. Conducting historical and economic analysis of the evolutionary and institutional foundations of Russian statehood, forms of interstate and corporate partnership in the development, functioning and development of global trade routes in a broad sense. Substantiation of the Norman-Islamic theory of the origin of the Ancient Russian statehood based on the analysis of historical facts, as well as the logic of the origin, functioning and evolutionary development of trade routes. Identify the main areas of interaction and socio-economic development of Russia and the countries of the Islamic world and develop recommendations for political, economic, organizational and institutional changes. Methodology. The research uses the methods of evolutionary and institutional theory, the theory of production-technological balance, world system analysis and historical approach. The results of the study are based on the theory of transit economy developed by the authors, modeling the functioning of trade routes, and understanding the processes of formation and evolution of Global Eurasia. Results. It is determined that Islam became the state-forming factor of Ancient Russia through the displacement, the formation of new and the development of trade routes operated by the Normans. Three directions of the influence of the Islamic world on the formation of a united Ancient Russian state are identified: the search for new routes to Byzantium by the Normans after the expansion of the Arab Caliphate in North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula; establishment of direct relations with the Arab Caliphate along the Volga-Caspian water trade route; adoption of Islam by the neighbors of Ancient Russia - the Volga Bulgars, who have close trade relations with the Arab Caliphate and control the Volga-Caspian water trade route. Conclusions. The revival of modern Russia should and will be based on the functioning and evolutionary development of trade routes in the direction of «North-South» by establishing, expanding and strengthening contacts with the Islamic world. The creation and development of the Norman-Aryan Trade Route of the XXI century and its vast innovation and industrial belt should become a global political, economic, industrial and technological direction for
研究的目的是在俄罗斯国家的演变和制度基础上确定、描述和分析现代俄罗斯经济形成和发展的问题,并为实施有前途的国家外交和国内经济政策提出建议。的目标。在历史和经济分析的基础上,确定俄罗斯社会经济进一步发展的方式,复兴和加强俄罗斯国家地位的方向,通过激活“南北”运输和过境方向,形成21世纪贸易路线的创新和工业带,将国家与伊斯兰世界联系起来。任务。对俄罗斯国家地位的演变和制度基础进行历史和经济分析,在广泛意义上的全球贸易路线的发展,运作和发展中的州际和企业伙伴关系形式。基于对历史事实的分析,以及贸易路线的起源、功能和演化发展的逻辑,对诺曼-伊斯兰关于古俄罗斯国家起源的理论进行确证。确定俄罗斯和伊斯兰世界国家相互作用和社会经济发展的主要领域,并为政治、经济、组织和体制改革提出建议。方法。本研究运用了进化论和制度理论、生产技术平衡理论、世界体系分析和历史方法。研究结果基于作者提出的过境经济理论,对贸易路线的功能进行了建模,并理解了全球欧亚大陆的形成和演变过程。结果。通过诺曼人经营的贸易路线的迁移、新贸易路线的形成和发展,确定伊斯兰教成为古俄罗斯的国家形成因素。伊斯兰世界对形成一个统一的古俄罗斯国家的影响有三个方向:阿拉伯哈里发在北非和伊比利亚半岛扩张后,诺曼人寻找通往拜占庭的新路线;沿着伏尔加-里海水贸易路线与阿拉伯哈里发建立直接关系;古俄罗斯的邻居伏尔加保加利亚人接受了伊斯兰教,他们与阿拉伯哈里发有密切的贸易关系,并控制着伏尔加-里海的海上贸易路线。结论。现代俄罗斯的复兴应该也将以“南北”方向贸易路线的运作和发展为基础,建立、扩大和加强与伊斯兰世界的联系。21世纪诺曼-雅利安贸易路线及其广阔的创新和产业带的创建和发展应该成为全球政治、经济、工业和技术方向,以确保俄罗斯和伊斯兰世界国家的互动和社会经济发展。
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引用次数: 0
Green finance development: global trends and prospects 绿色金融发展:全球趋势与前景
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33051/2500-2325-2022-4-102-111
A. F. Mudretsov, Аnna А. Prudnikova
Subject/Topic. The article considers the problems of development of green finance, ensuring the provision of funds aimed at combating climate change and adaptation to the effects of climate change, as well as the implementation of sustainable development goals. Goals/Objectives. The purpose of the study is to assess the level and structure of green finance, to identify the factors that determine its development, taking into account the latest trends in the world economy and the world finance of the 21st century. Methodology. The study is based on the concept of sustainable development and the problem-oriented approach. Analytical work was carried out on the basis of analysis and synthesis, methods of comparison and grouping, economic analysis and modelling. Results. The development of the green finance market is conditioned by the understanding and awareness of environmental risks and the efforts of business to be socially responsible, in doing so, commitment to sustainable development becomes a priority in company strategies. The article conducts analysis of development of green finance, identifies problem aspects related to development of green finance instruments. Conclusions/Significance. It is concluded that it is advisable to stimulate the use of various green finance instruments, as they can bring significant benefits, both for developed and for developing countries. However, the regulatory framework for sustainable development needs to be further developed, with harmonization of green finance policies and standards not only at the national level but also at the global level.
学科/主题。本文考虑了发展绿色金融,确保提供旨在应对气候变化和适应气候变化影响的资金,以及实施可持续发展目标的问题。目标/目标。本研究的目的是评估绿色金融的水平和结构,确定决定其发展的因素,同时考虑到21世纪世界经济和世界金融的最新趋势。方法。本研究基于可持续发展的理念和问题导向的方法。分析工作是在分析和综合、比较和分组方法、经济分析和建模的基础上进行的。结果。绿色金融市场的发展取决于对环境风险的理解和意识,以及企业对社会责任的努力,在此过程中,对可持续发展的承诺成为公司战略的优先事项。本文对绿色金融的发展进行了分析,找出了绿色金融工具发展中存在的问题。结论/意义。结论是,鼓励使用各种绿色金融工具是明智的,因为它们可以为发达国家和发展中国家带来巨大的利益。然而,可持续发展的监管框架需要进一步发展,不仅在国家层面,而且在全球层面协调绿色金融政策和标准。
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引用次数: 1
The current crisis in the global economy and in Russia: structural fluctuations 当前全球经济和俄罗斯的危机:结构性波动
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33051/2500-2325-2019-4-049-058
S. Solovieva, D. Ermilina
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引用次数: 1
Transition to renewable energy: challenges and prospects 向可再生能源过渡:挑战与前景
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33051/2500-2325-2021-3-238-243
A. F. Mudretsov
A study has been carried out on the challenges and prospects for the transition to renewable energy, which are becoming an important energy sector in many countries and a factor in economic growth. The study was carried out using a set of methods and techniques, a systematic approach, which ensured the objectivity of the conclusions. The main scientific research tools used are: comparative analysis, statistical analysis, synthesis, economic analysis, including ecological and economic, comparison and grouping method, and information modeling. Modern alternative energy technologies prove their reliability and ability to success fully integrate into the grid. The study examines the mechanism of state energy policy, which contributes to solving environmental problems and establishing renewable energy. The analysis led to the conclusion that the implementation of green economy mechanisms and solving environmental problems can be provided by a new level of government and business management within the framework of environmental and economic policy and the introduction of new technologies.
对向可再生能源过渡的挑战和前景进行了一项研究,可再生能源正在成为许多国家的重要能源部门和经济增长的一个因素。本研究采用了一套系统的方法和技术,保证了结论的客观性。使用的主要科研工具有:比较分析、统计分析、综合分析、经济分析(包括生态学和经济学)、比较分组法、信息建模。现代替代能源技术证明了它们的可靠性和成功融入电网的能力。该研究探讨了国家能源政策的机制,有助于解决环境问题和建立可再生能源。分析得出的结论是,实施绿色经济机制和解决环境问题可以通过在环境和经济政策框架内提高政府和企业管理的新水平以及引进新技术来提供。
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引用次数: 0
Ensuring the sustainable functioning and development of industrial enterprises in the digital economy 确保工业企业在数字经济中持续运作和发展
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33051/2500-2325-2021-1-110-119
Dmitry Stepanov
Subject/topic. The article discusses the possibilities and prospects of ensuring the dynamic stability of the economic development of industrial enterprises through the use of end-to-end technologies of the digital economy. The purpose and objectives of the study is to consider the potential and state of the use of digital technologies in the context of ensuring the dynamic sustainability of the development of industrial enterprises and to identify promising areas for improvement. Methodology. The study used: the general scientific dialectical method of knowledge, as well as some special research methods: comparative, survey method, statistical, generalization method and others. Results. An approach to understanding dynamic stability as a key characteristic of economic development has been substantiated. The importance of end-to-end digital technologies as a source of dynamism and sustainability of the development process of industrial enterprises is noted. Insufficient effectiveness of digitalization of Russian industrial enterprises is stated, factors that inhibit and stimulate industrial digitalization are highlighted. Some promising areas of digital assistance to ensure the economic development of Russian industrial enterprises are presented. Conclusions/Relevance. It has been confirmed that complex digital technologies of the so-called "end-to-end" nature can be fairly considered as the most modern toolkit for ensuring the dynamic sustainability of the development of economic entities in industry. Their use is truly synergistic in nature, since it pushes high-tech development of related industries, provides a deeper penetration of digitalization into the public sector, and also contributes to an integral increase in the global competitiveness of domestic industry, thereby making an invaluable contribution to achieving the desired parameters of national economic security. The promising directions of digitalization as a tool for ensuring the dynamic stability of the economic development of Russian industrial enterprises are given, such as the introduction of wireless communication technologies and the industrial Internet along the entire territorial chain of added value creation; activation of the use of robotics and sensorics components through the support of digital control and monitoring tools; orientation of the consumer product portfolio to the "Internet of Things"; further digitalization of general administrative and management processes (upstream-level of management of industrial enterprises) based on the introduction of tools and technologies for integrated digital planning and digital controlling.
学科/主题。文章探讨了利用数字经济的端到端技术保障工业企业经济发展动态稳定的可能性和前景。这项研究的目的和目标是考虑在确保工业企业动态可持续发展的背景下使用数字技术的潜力和现状,并确定有希望改进的领域。方法。本研究采用了:一般科学的辩证认识方法,以及一些特殊的研究方法:比较法、调查法、统计法、概括法等。结果。一种将动态稳定性理解为经济发展的关键特征的方法已经得到证实。指出了端到端数字技术作为工业企业发展进程的动力和可持续性来源的重要性。阐述了俄罗斯工业企业数字化的有效性不足,指出了制约和促进工业数字化的因素。提出了一些有前景的数字援助领域,以确保俄罗斯工业企业的经济发展。结论/相关性。已经证实,所谓的“端到端”性质的复杂数字技术可以被公平地视为确保工业经济实体发展动态可持续性的最现代工具包。它们的使用具有真正的协同作用,因为它推动了相关产业的高科技发展,使数字化更深入地渗透到公共部门,并有助于整体提高国内产业的全球竞争力,从而为实现国家经济安全的预期参数做出了宝贵的贡献。给出了数字化作为确保俄罗斯工业企业经济发展动态稳定的工具的有希望的方向,例如在整个附加值创造的领土链上引入无线通信技术和工业互联网;通过支持数字控制和监测工具,激活机器人和传感器组件的使用;消费类产品组合向“物联网”方向发展;在引入综合数字化规划和数字化控制工具和技术的基础上,进一步实现一般行政和管理流程(工业企业管理的上游层面)的数字化。
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引用次数: 0
Features of the development of transitive economies in digitalization era (on the example of the member states of the EAEU and BRICS) 数字化时代转型经济体的发展特征(以欧亚经济联盟和金砖国家为例)
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33051/2500-2325-2019-1-93-100
Nikolaj V. Lyasnikov, D. Usmanov, M. S. Magaramov, Zarema K. Omarovа
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引用次数: 2
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Market economy problems
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