Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is a highly valuable leafy vegetable, abundant in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, offering various health benefits such as enhancing cardiovascular health, reducing inflammation, and aiding digestion. Consequently, it is crucial to effectively cultivate and maintain spinach's quality. Light plays a pivotal role in the growth and development of plants, including spinach, where different light qualities can influence its morpho-physiological traits and overall quality. To explore this, an experiment was conducted, using three distinct LED lighting sets for spinach cultivation. Light 1 emphasized blue light, Light 2 served as the standard white light control, and Light 3 focused more on red light with occasional brief UV-C flashes. Additionally, mild water deprivation was induced using 2.5% polyethylene glycol (PEG). The results revealed that using a high red-to-blue light ratio with intermittent UV-C radiation significantly reduced various growth parameters of spinach, such as root length, shoot length, root volume, fresh and dry root and shoot weight, as well as total and relative chlorophyll contents, when compared to the control group. Furthermore, water deprivation had a negative impact on spinach's growth, affecting shoot and root length, and fresh and dry weight in all light qualities, proving to be fatal under Light 3 conditions. Therefore, it is essential to carefully select appropriate light qualities throughout the plant's life cycle to enhance the quality of spinach, especially when mild water deprivation is involved. Opting for a higher blue-to-red light ratio was found to be somewhat beneficial in improving the overall quality of spinach.
{"title":"Improving quality parameters of spinach by adjusting light spectra under moderate water deprivation conditions","authors":"T. B. Zargar, O. Basal, S. Veres","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413325","url":null,"abstract":"Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is a highly valuable leafy vegetable, abundant in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, offering various health benefits such as enhancing cardiovascular health, reducing inflammation, and aiding digestion. Consequently, it is crucial to effectively cultivate and maintain spinach's quality. Light plays a pivotal role in the growth and development of plants, including spinach, where different light qualities can influence its morpho-physiological traits and overall quality. To explore this, an experiment was conducted, using three distinct LED lighting sets for spinach cultivation. Light 1 emphasized blue light, Light 2 served as the standard white light control, and Light 3 focused more on red light with occasional brief UV-C flashes. Additionally, mild water deprivation was induced using 2.5% polyethylene glycol (PEG). The results revealed that using a high red-to-blue light ratio with intermittent UV-C radiation significantly reduced various growth parameters of spinach, such as root length, shoot length, root volume, fresh and dry root and shoot weight, as well as total and relative chlorophyll contents, when compared to the control group. Furthermore, water deprivation had a negative impact on spinach's growth, affecting shoot and root length, and fresh and dry weight in all light qualities, proving to be fatal under Light 3 conditions. Therefore, it is essential to carefully select appropriate light qualities throughout the plant's life cycle to enhance the quality of spinach, especially when mild water deprivation is involved. Opting for a higher blue-to-red light ratio was found to be somewhat beneficial in improving the overall quality of spinach.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139262975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Curcuma ubonensis Boonma, Saensouk, Maknoi & P. Saensouk sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae) was recently discovered in Ubon Ratchathani Province, Eastern Thailand. Specimen identification involves comparing their morphology with descriptions in similar species' protologues. We performed measurements on specimens collected from their natural habitats, both living and preserved. Despite its resemblances with Curcuma prasina Škorničk. in having greenish inflorescence with small purple flowers that lack of epigynous glands, yet this novel species displays distinct features of a brownish-red margin of petiole (vs. C. prasina has green margin), lamina elliptic, 3.8-7.0 cm wide, margin brownish red (vs. narrowly elliptic, 1.5-3.2 cm wide, margin green); coma bract present (vs. absent), fertile bracts uniquely triangular-obovate, apex rounded (vs. almost orbicular, apex acute), and labellum reddish purple with four white stripes by two stripes rarely pale yellow extending from the basal to half of the sinus, and another two stripes from the basal along the longitudinally of each lobe to half the length of the lobe, with yellow at the middle groove of the labellum almost to the base (vs. purple with a bright yellow and swollen median band composed of two central lines extending from the base to about two-thirds the length of the labellum towards the apex, sides of the labellum with paler lines radiating towards the margin). Meticulous examination and morphological comparison of Curcuma ubonensis with related species within the Curcuma genus reveals its novelty. We comprehensively accounted for its morphological traits, including illustrations, vernacular name, ecological preferences, phenology, distribution, traditional uses, conservation status, distribution map, and a comparative table to its ally species. Furthermore, we present an updated identification key for differentiating species within the Curcuma subgenus Hitcheniopsis in Thailand.
{"title":"Curcuma ubonensis (Zingiberaceae), a new species of Curcuma subgen. hitcheniopsis from Eastern Thailand","authors":"P. Saensouk, T. Boonma, C. Maknoi, S. Saensouk","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413374","url":null,"abstract":"Curcuma ubonensis Boonma, Saensouk, Maknoi & P. Saensouk sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae) was recently discovered in Ubon Ratchathani Province, Eastern Thailand. Specimen identification involves comparing their morphology with descriptions in similar species' protologues. We performed measurements on specimens collected from their natural habitats, both living and preserved. Despite its resemblances with Curcuma prasina Škorničk. in having greenish inflorescence with small purple flowers that lack of epigynous glands, yet this novel species displays distinct features of a brownish-red margin of petiole (vs. C. prasina has green margin), lamina elliptic, 3.8-7.0 cm wide, margin brownish red (vs. narrowly elliptic, 1.5-3.2 cm wide, margin green); coma bract present (vs. absent), fertile bracts uniquely triangular-obovate, apex rounded (vs. almost orbicular, apex acute), and labellum reddish purple with four white stripes by two stripes rarely pale yellow extending from the basal to half of the sinus, and another two stripes from the basal along the longitudinally of each lobe to half the length of the lobe, with yellow at the middle groove of the labellum almost to the base (vs. purple with a bright yellow and swollen median band composed of two central lines extending from the base to about two-thirds the length of the labellum towards the apex, sides of the labellum with paler lines radiating towards the margin). Meticulous examination and morphological comparison of Curcuma ubonensis with related species within the Curcuma genus reveals its novelty. We comprehensively accounted for its morphological traits, including illustrations, vernacular name, ecological preferences, phenology, distribution, traditional uses, conservation status, distribution map, and a comparative table to its ally species. Furthermore, we present an updated identification key for differentiating species within the Curcuma subgenus Hitcheniopsis in Thailand.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":"143 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139264305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. R. Guillén-Enríquez, E. Sánchez-Chávez, Manuel FORTIS-HERNÁNDEZ, Selene Y. Márquez-Guerrero, Bernardo Espinosa-Palomeque, P. Preciado-Rangel
The low availability of micronutrients in the soil leads to a deficit of these micronutrients in crops, causing malnutrition in the population. Approximately 3,000 million people in the world have health problems caused by inadequate Zn intake. Agronomic biofortification is a way to produce crops rich in micronutrients and mitigate malnutrition problems. Nano biofortification with zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs-ZnO) is a good strategy to mitigate and increase the nutritional content of the edible part of the plant. The aim was to determine the effect of foliar spraying with NPs-ZnO on yield and biosynthesis of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant compounds and their bioaccumulation. In this study, the effect of foliar fertilization with NPs-ZnO: 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg L-1, on yield, the content of bioactive compounds and their bioaccumulation in grapevine berries was evaluated. The distribution of the treatments was under a completely randomized design, each treatment consisted of 10 plants, each representing one experimental unit. The treatments were applied by foliar sprays at fruit formation, in veraison and 15 days before harvest. Foliar spraying with NPs-ZnO positively modifies yield, the content of bioactive compounds, and their bioaccumulation. Doses of 50-75 mg L-1 of NPs-ZnO increased crop yield, and oenological parameters. In addition, all doses evaluated modified enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, and improving Zn concentration in grapevine berries. Foliar spraying of NPs-ZnO is an alternative to improve grape quality and yield, in addition to enriching its nutritional and antioxidant content.
{"title":"ZnO nanoparticles improve bioactive compounds, enzymatic activity and zinc concentration in grapevine","authors":"R. R. Guillén-Enríquez, E. Sánchez-Chávez, Manuel FORTIS-HERNÁNDEZ, Selene Y. Márquez-Guerrero, Bernardo Espinosa-Palomeque, P. Preciado-Rangel","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413377","url":null,"abstract":"The low availability of micronutrients in the soil leads to a deficit of these micronutrients in crops, causing malnutrition in the population. Approximately 3,000 million people in the world have health problems caused by inadequate Zn intake. Agronomic biofortification is a way to produce crops rich in micronutrients and mitigate malnutrition problems. Nano biofortification with zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs-ZnO) is a good strategy to mitigate and increase the nutritional content of the edible part of the plant. The aim was to determine the effect of foliar spraying with NPs-ZnO on yield and biosynthesis of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant compounds and their bioaccumulation. In this study, the effect of foliar fertilization with NPs-ZnO: 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg L-1, on yield, the content of bioactive compounds and their bioaccumulation in grapevine berries was evaluated. The distribution of the treatments was under a completely randomized design, each treatment consisted of 10 plants, each representing one experimental unit. The treatments were applied by foliar sprays at fruit formation, in veraison and 15 days before harvest. Foliar spraying with NPs-ZnO positively modifies yield, the content of bioactive compounds, and their bioaccumulation. Doses of 50-75 mg L-1 of NPs-ZnO increased crop yield, and oenological parameters. In addition, all doses evaluated modified enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, and improving Zn concentration in grapevine berries. Foliar spraying of NPs-ZnO is an alternative to improve grape quality and yield, in addition to enriching its nutritional and antioxidant content.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":"125 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139265939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The importance of antioxidants and minerals in food has increased with the growing awareness of consumers in recent years. Türkiye is rich in genetic diversity for wheat as it is located at the intersection of three floristic regions and is part of the Fertile Crescent. In this study, the antioxidant activity of Karakılçık durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.) populations from 12 different regions of Türkiye was determined using the DPPH method. In addition, the contents of mineral nutrients (Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn) were determined in an ICP-OES device with milled wheat. Karakılçık genotypes were sowed in a field using an augmented trial design consisting of five rows and six blocks, with each block containing five control varieties. The result of the study was that the landrace Karakılçık genotypes exhibited antioxidant activity varying between 14.7-40.2 μmol TE g-1. The Ca contents of landrace Karakılçık genotypes varied between 13.0-249.9 ppm, Cu contents 0.6-22.7 ppm, Fe contents 28.7-93.9 ppm, Mg contents 583.7-1194.0 ppm, Mn contents 31.4-87.7 ppm, and Zn contents 22.3-68.5 ppm. The results of the study reveal that Karakılçık landrace genotypes have large differences in antioxidant and mineral content, that these differences have the potential to be used in wheat breeding programs, and that wheat flour obtained from Karakılçık landrace genotypes is important.
{"title":"Mineral contents and antioxidant activities of Karakılçık durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.) genotypes","authors":"Fatma Ruveyda Alkan, Melehat AVCI BİRSİN","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413233","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of antioxidants and minerals in food has increased with the growing awareness of consumers in recent years. Türkiye is rich in genetic diversity for wheat as it is located at the intersection of three floristic regions and is part of the Fertile Crescent. In this study, the antioxidant activity of Karakılçık durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.) populations from 12 different regions of Türkiye was determined using the DPPH method. In addition, the contents of mineral nutrients (Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn) were determined in an ICP-OES device with milled wheat. Karakılçık genotypes were sowed in a field using an augmented trial design consisting of five rows and six blocks, with each block containing five control varieties. The result of the study was that the landrace Karakılçık genotypes exhibited antioxidant activity varying between 14.7-40.2 μmol TE g-1. The Ca contents of landrace Karakılçık genotypes varied between 13.0-249.9 ppm, Cu contents 0.6-22.7 ppm, Fe contents 28.7-93.9 ppm, Mg contents 583.7-1194.0 ppm, Mn contents 31.4-87.7 ppm, and Zn contents 22.3-68.5 ppm. The results of the study reveal that Karakılçık landrace genotypes have large differences in antioxidant and mineral content, that these differences have the potential to be used in wheat breeding programs, and that wheat flour obtained from Karakılçık landrace genotypes is important.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139267508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Slama, S. Fkiri, F. Mezni, Boutheina Stiti, Julio SALCEDO-CASTRO, I. Touhami, Marwa Khammassi, A. Khaldi, Zouheir Nasr
The development of mycorrhiza could contribute to strengthening the resilience of forest ecosystems to climate change. Several mycorrhizal fungi are known for their valuable effect in increasing plant performances and adaptation to stressful environmental conditions. Thereby, this research aims to investigate how Terfezia boudieri (Chatin) mycorrhizal fungi affects the growth (primary root length, above-ground plant weight) and the physiological behaviour (net photosynthesis, responses to intercellular [CO2] and the intensity of photosyntically active radiation) of Quercus subsp. coccifera and Q. suber L. Inoculated and non-inoculated seedlings of the two Quercus species were grown in one-liter pots in the greenhouse, with a temperature that ranged from 25 to 30 °C, natural lighting and an irrigation applied twice a week with top water. Results revealed that primary root length and the above-ground biomass increased with mycorrhization. In addition, mycorrhization promoted net photosynthesis (at 400 ppm and at saturation point), the apparent quantum yield, the water use efficiency, and the photosynthetic pigments contents. However, inoculation decreased the light compensation point for both species. Effectiveness of T. boudieri inoculation on Quercus sp. performance, highlights the potential of the mycorrhization process to improve forest management and resilience to climate change.
{"title":"Effect of mycorrhization on growth and physiology performance of Quercus species","authors":"A. Slama, S. Fkiri, F. Mezni, Boutheina Stiti, Julio SALCEDO-CASTRO, I. Touhami, Marwa Khammassi, A. Khaldi, Zouheir Nasr","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413290","url":null,"abstract":"The development of mycorrhiza could contribute to strengthening the resilience of forest ecosystems to climate change. Several mycorrhizal fungi are known for their valuable effect in increasing plant performances and adaptation to stressful environmental conditions. Thereby, this research aims to investigate how Terfezia boudieri (Chatin) mycorrhizal fungi affects the growth (primary root length, above-ground plant weight) and the physiological behaviour (net photosynthesis, responses to intercellular [CO2] and the intensity of photosyntically active radiation) of Quercus subsp. coccifera and Q. suber L. Inoculated and non-inoculated seedlings of the two Quercus species were grown in one-liter pots in the greenhouse, with a temperature that ranged from 25 to 30 °C, natural lighting and an irrigation applied twice a week with top water. Results revealed that primary root length and the above-ground biomass increased with mycorrhization. In addition, mycorrhization promoted net photosynthesis (at 400 ppm and at saturation point), the apparent quantum yield, the water use efficiency, and the photosynthetic pigments contents. However, inoculation decreased the light compensation point for both species. Effectiveness of T. boudieri inoculation on Quercus sp. performance, highlights the potential of the mycorrhization process to improve forest management and resilience to climate change.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":"IE-29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139269415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yinxia Wang, X. Ji, Zelong Zhuang, Yunfang Zhang, Yunling Peng
The MADS-box family genes are involved in the development of plant roots, leaves, flowers, and fruits, and play a crucial role in plant growth and development. Studying MADS-box genes with K-box domain is crucial to distinguish different types of MADS-box genes. This study systematically analysed the genomic structural information of maize MADS-box family members containing the K-box Domain at the genome-wide level using the maize (Zea mays) B73 genome as the reference sequence, and provided insight into the biological functions of the maize MADS-box family containing the K-box domain. According to the findings, 52 MADS-box family genes with K-box domain were identified and divided into 4 subgroups. The distribution of motif in the same subgroup was found to be relatively conservative, and all of them had MADS-box conserved domain and K-box domain. Gene structure analysis showed that the introns and exons of the same subgroup genes have similar gene structure, and different types of genes containing the K-box domain showed different exon/intron structure characteristics. Chromosome mapping showed that 52 genes containing the K-box domain were unevenly distributed on the 10 chromosomes of maize, most of which were distributed at both ends of the chromosome and a small number of genes were distributed near the centromere. Based on the analysis of cis-acting elements of it up-stream promoter, it was found that MADS-box family genes may be involved in light response, IAA, GA, ABA, and LTR signal pathways, indicating that they play a certain role in stress response and hormone signal transduction. The expression analysis of genes with the K-box domain in maize leaves treated with auxin and gibberellin revealed that MADS-box genes may have a regulatory effect on certain plant hormones. Through the identification and bioinformatics analysis of MADS-box family genes containing the K-box domain, it is helpful to further study the function and pathway of MADS-box family genes, and provide a theoretical basis for further re-search for the molecular mechanism of maize growth and development.
{"title":"Identification and bioinformatics analysis of MADS-box family genes containing K-box domain in maize","authors":"Yinxia Wang, X. Ji, Zelong Zhuang, Yunfang Zhang, Yunling Peng","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413253","url":null,"abstract":"The MADS-box family genes are involved in the development of plant roots, leaves, flowers, and fruits, and play a crucial role in plant growth and development. Studying MADS-box genes with K-box domain is crucial to distinguish different types of MADS-box genes. This study systematically analysed the genomic structural information of maize MADS-box family members containing the K-box Domain at the genome-wide level using the maize (Zea mays) B73 genome as the reference sequence, and provided insight into the biological functions of the maize MADS-box family containing the K-box domain. According to the findings, 52 MADS-box family genes with K-box domain were identified and divided into 4 subgroups. The distribution of motif in the same subgroup was found to be relatively conservative, and all of them had MADS-box conserved domain and K-box domain. Gene structure analysis showed that the introns and exons of the same subgroup genes have similar gene structure, and different types of genes containing the K-box domain showed different exon/intron structure characteristics. Chromosome mapping showed that 52 genes containing the K-box domain were unevenly distributed on the 10 chromosomes of maize, most of which were distributed at both ends of the chromosome and a small number of genes were distributed near the centromere. Based on the analysis of cis-acting elements of it up-stream promoter, it was found that MADS-box family genes may be involved in light response, IAA, GA, ABA, and LTR signal pathways, indicating that they play a certain role in stress response and hormone signal transduction. The expression analysis of genes with the K-box domain in maize leaves treated with auxin and gibberellin revealed that MADS-box genes may have a regulatory effect on certain plant hormones. Through the identification and bioinformatics analysis of MADS-box family genes containing the K-box domain, it is helpful to further study the function and pathway of MADS-box family genes, and provide a theoretical basis for further re-search for the molecular mechanism of maize growth and development.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139270213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Santorini Island, Greece, the research and revival of cultivation techniques are crucial to the adaptation of viticulture in the current unique and extreme climatic and cultural conditions, including the increasingly extreme climatic phenomena resulting from climate change. This work presents the use of cover crops, in a new planting and productive Assyrtiko vineyard in Santorin Island. Our study is the first reflection of the use of cover crops in the special conditions of the island to mitigate wind and sandblasting damages and reduce high ground temperatures during days with high temperatures. We showed that the use of cover crops could play a significant role in reducing the wind speed and the resulting sandblasting that cause almost every year damage to young and productive vines when they are at critical growth stages.
{"title":"A case study on the use of inter-row cover crops on a new and old vineyard cv. ‘Assyrtiko’ in Santorini Island","authors":"E. Xyrafis, Elena Kazakou, K. Biniari","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413252","url":null,"abstract":"In Santorini Island, Greece, the research and revival of cultivation techniques are crucial to the adaptation of viticulture in the current unique and extreme climatic and cultural conditions, including the increasingly extreme climatic phenomena resulting from climate change. This work presents the use of cover crops, in a new planting and productive Assyrtiko vineyard in Santorin Island. Our study is the first reflection of the use of cover crops in the special conditions of the island to mitigate wind and sandblasting damages and reduce high ground temperatures during days with high temperatures. We showed that the use of cover crops could play a significant role in reducing the wind speed and the resulting sandblasting that cause almost every year damage to young and productive vines when they are at critical growth stages.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139268780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alondra SALCIDO-MARTÍNEZ, Esteban Sánchez, Sandra PÉREZ-ÁLVAREZ, C. A. Ramírez-Estrada
Crop quality has been compromised due to nutrient deficiencies. The macronutrient magnesium (Mg) is essential; however, it has not been considered in agronomic fertilization programs, affecting human health. The objective of the study was to increase the Mg content in the fruits of green beans cv. ‘Strike’ by applying Mg-nanofertilizer, as well as evaluating its effect on growth, performance and nutritional quality, versus magnesium sulfate (MgSO4). The experiment was carried out under shade mesh conditions in Delicias, Chihuahua, Mexico during the period August-October 2022. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with two Mg sources: Mg nanofertilizer (NanoMg) and MgSO4 at doses of 50, 100 and 200 ppm and a control without application, forming seven treatments with six repetitions each. The results indicate that the maximum yield was provided by NanoMg and MgSO4 at 200 ppm, with values greater than 300%. The Mg distribution pattern for the NanoMg treatments presented the following concentration order: root>leaf>stem>fruit; while, for the MgSO4 treatments it was: leaf>root>stem>fruit. The most efficient treatment in increasing the Mg content in the fruit was NanoMg at 200 ppm, which achieved a biofortification of more than 120% with respect to the control. Therefore, when consuming 100 g of green beans cv. ‘Strike’ biofortified by NanoMg, the recommended daily needs of the human being could be satisfied. Finally, it is concluded that nanofertilizers are the best option for a biofortification program since they offer a sustainable alternative by increasing productivity and quality in green bean fruits.
{"title":"Agronomic biofortification with magnesium nanofertilizer and its effect on the nutritional quality of beans","authors":"Alondra SALCIDO-MARTÍNEZ, Esteban Sánchez, Sandra PÉREZ-ÁLVAREZ, C. A. Ramírez-Estrada","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413246","url":null,"abstract":"Crop quality has been compromised due to nutrient deficiencies. The macronutrient magnesium (Mg) is essential; however, it has not been considered in agronomic fertilization programs, affecting human health. The objective of the study was to increase the Mg content in the fruits of green beans cv. ‘Strike’ by applying Mg-nanofertilizer, as well as evaluating its effect on growth, performance and nutritional quality, versus magnesium sulfate (MgSO4). The experiment was carried out under shade mesh conditions in Delicias, Chihuahua, Mexico during the period August-October 2022. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with two Mg sources: Mg nanofertilizer (NanoMg) and MgSO4 at doses of 50, 100 and 200 ppm and a control without application, forming seven treatments with six repetitions each. The results indicate that the maximum yield was provided by NanoMg and MgSO4 at 200 ppm, with values greater than 300%. The Mg distribution pattern for the NanoMg treatments presented the following concentration order: root>leaf>stem>fruit; while, for the MgSO4 treatments it was: leaf>root>stem>fruit. The most efficient treatment in increasing the Mg content in the fruit was NanoMg at 200 ppm, which achieved a biofortification of more than 120% with respect to the control. Therefore, when consuming 100 g of green beans cv. ‘Strike’ biofortified by NanoMg, the recommended daily needs of the human being could be satisfied. Finally, it is concluded that nanofertilizers are the best option for a biofortification program since they offer a sustainable alternative by increasing productivity and quality in green bean fruits.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":"34 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139266832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This experiment was undertaken to determine the adaptation of Lilium L. cultivars to North-Western part of Türkiye and to define morphologic plant growth characteristics at aboveground part, including flower life and flower abnormalities. The bulbs of the three Lilium L. cultivars, ‘Profundo’, ‘Valverde’, and ‘Vonq’, were sown to perlite in pots in June, 2021, and evaluated for emergence and flowering rates, stem and plant height, stem and flower diameter, leaf and flower number, flower abnormality rates, flower fragrance degree and flower life in 2022, after one year adaptation without removing the previous sown bulbs. As the results of the cultivars differences these were determined that, at the adaptive year; the emergence rates varied between 60.42-89.58%, flowering rates changed between 43.75-87.50%, stem heights changed between 40.63-48.25 cm, plant heights changed between 52.50-59.75 cm and these data showed statistically importance. In addition to the data in the adaptive year; stem diameters, leaf numbers, flower numbers flower fragrance degree and flower longevities also showed statistical importance between cultivars. The flower abnormality rates were found between 8.3-25% in cultivars although no statistical results. Interestingly a striking, stochastic case also was observed from a flower with 8 tepals, 8 stamen and 4 lobed stigma at ‘Valverde’ contrary to well-known flower formula. It has been concluded that ‘Profundo’ has more remarkable result in terms of longevity of flower compared to the other two varieties while ‘Valverde’ and ‘Vonq’ shared the same group with some precedence in most of the agro-morphologic characteristics e.g. plant height, stem height and stem diameter. Lilium L. ‘Vonq’ showed that the highest adaptive capacity among the cultivars with the highest emergence rate (89.58) in all sowed bulbs and flowering rate (87.50) in all emerged bulbs under the study conditions in the open-air.
{"title":"Agro-mophological characterization, adaptational behaviour and flower abnormalities of Lilium L. cultivars in addition to a flower with stochastic flower formula","authors":"Aysun Çavuşoğlu","doi":"10.15835/nbha51412949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51412949","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment was undertaken to determine the adaptation of Lilium L. cultivars to North-Western part of Türkiye and to define morphologic plant growth characteristics at aboveground part, including flower life and flower abnormalities. The bulbs of the three Lilium L. cultivars, ‘Profundo’, ‘Valverde’, and ‘Vonq’, were sown to perlite in pots in June, 2021, and evaluated for emergence and flowering rates, stem and plant height, stem and flower diameter, leaf and flower number, flower abnormality rates, flower fragrance degree and flower life in 2022, after one year adaptation without removing the previous sown bulbs. As the results of the cultivars differences these were determined that, at the adaptive year; the emergence rates varied between 60.42-89.58%, flowering rates changed between 43.75-87.50%, stem heights changed between 40.63-48.25 cm, plant heights changed between 52.50-59.75 cm and these data showed statistically importance. In addition to the data in the adaptive year; stem diameters, leaf numbers, flower numbers flower fragrance degree and flower longevities also showed statistical importance between cultivars. The flower abnormality rates were found between 8.3-25% in cultivars although no statistical results. Interestingly a striking, stochastic case also was observed from a flower with 8 tepals, 8 stamen and 4 lobed stigma at ‘Valverde’ contrary to well-known flower formula. It has been concluded that ‘Profundo’ has more remarkable result in terms of longevity of flower compared to the other two varieties while ‘Valverde’ and ‘Vonq’ shared the same group with some precedence in most of the agro-morphologic characteristics e.g. plant height, stem height and stem diameter. Lilium L. ‘Vonq’ showed that the highest adaptive capacity among the cultivars with the highest emergence rate (89.58) in all sowed bulbs and flowering rate (87.50) in all emerged bulbs under the study conditions in the open-air.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139272156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Saensouk, Wipa Yaowachai, Theeraphan Chumroenphat, Sukanya Nonthalee, P. Saensouk
Kaempferia angustifolia Roscoe is a medicinal plant in the family Zingiberaceae, with wild occurrence decreasing as a result of both natural and human threats. Tissue culture techniques provide an alternative method of propagation for mass production. Microshoots of K. angustifolia (1 cm in length) were cultured on MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of cytokinins (BA and Kinetin) and auxins (NAA and IAA) for 8 weeks. Phytochemical profiles were evaluated by total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC), antioxidant activity (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing ⁄ antioxidant power (FRAP) assay) and Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. Maximum number of shoots was observed in medium supplemented with 2 mg/l BA plus 0.5 mg/l NAA (6.33 shoots/explant) and optimal rooting was induced in MS medium with 2 mg/l Kinetin plus 1 mg/l NAA (35.70 roots/explant). Highest numbers of shoots and roots were obtained when cultured on liquid MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/l BA, 2 mg/l Kinetin and 1 mg/l NAA (8.73 shoots/explant and 29.67 roots/explant, respectively). Regenerated plantlets of K. angustifolia were transferred to pots containing different types of plant materials under natural conditions for 8 weeks. Optimal survival rate was 100% when transplanting K. angustifolia to soil, sand, soil and sand (1:1) or soil and small pieces of rock (1:1) ratio. The methanol extract of leaves K. angustifolia from natural plants and in vitro derives plants showed a significantly higher amount of TFC and antioxidant activity. GC-MS analysis identified 52 phytochemical compounds in leaves of K. angustifolia. This study may be helpful to increase the value of commercial production of K. angustifolia, pharmaceutical and medicinal purpose.
山柰（Kaempferia angustifolia Roscoe）是一种药用植物，属于姜科（Zingiberaceae），由于自然和人为的威胁，野生山柰已逐渐减少。组织培养技术为大规模生产提供了另一种繁殖方法。将 K. angustifolia（长 1 厘米）的小芽在添加了不同浓度细胞分裂素（BA 和 Kinetin）和辅助素（NAA 和 IAA）的 MS 培养基上培养 8 周。通过总酚含量（TPC）、总黄酮含量（TFC）、抗氧化活性（2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）和铁还原⁄抗氧化能力（FRAP）测定）和气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析对植物化学成分进行了评估。在添加了 2 毫克/升 BA 和 0.5 毫克/升 NAA 的培养基中观察到了最多的芽数量（6.33 个芽/株），在添加了 2 毫克/升 Kinetin 和 1 毫克/升 NAA 的 MS 培养基中诱导出了最佳生根效果（35.70 根/株）。在添加了 2 毫克/升 BA、2 毫克/升 Kinetin 和 1 毫克/升 NAA 的液体 MS 培养基上培养出的芽和根数量最多（分别为 8.73 个芽/植株和 29.67 根/植株）。在自然条件下，将再生的 K. angustifolia 小植株移栽到装有不同类型植物材料的花盆中 8 周。将 K. angustifolia 移植到土壤、沙、土壤和沙（1:1）或土壤和小块岩石（1:1）比例的盆中时，最佳成活率为 100%。从天然植物和体外衍生植物中提取的 K. angustifolia 叶片甲醇提取物显示出显著较高的 TFC 含量和抗氧化活性。气相色谱-质谱分析确定了 K. angustifolia 叶子中的 52 种植物化学物质。 这项研究可能有助于提高 K. angustifolia 的商业生产价值、制药和药用价值。
{"title":"In vitro regeneration, transplantation and phytochemical profiles of Kaempferia angustifolia Roscoe","authors":"S. Saensouk, Wipa Yaowachai, Theeraphan Chumroenphat, Sukanya Nonthalee, P. Saensouk","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413190","url":null,"abstract":"Kaempferia angustifolia Roscoe is a medicinal plant in the family Zingiberaceae, with wild occurrence decreasing as a result of both natural and human threats. Tissue culture techniques provide an alternative method of propagation for mass production. Microshoots of K. angustifolia (1 cm in length) were cultured on MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of cytokinins (BA and Kinetin) and auxins (NAA and IAA) for 8 weeks. Phytochemical profiles were evaluated by total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC), antioxidant activity (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing ⁄ antioxidant power (FRAP) assay) and Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. Maximum number of shoots was observed in medium supplemented with 2 mg/l BA plus 0.5 mg/l NAA (6.33 shoots/explant) and optimal rooting was induced in MS medium with 2 mg/l Kinetin plus 1 mg/l NAA (35.70 roots/explant). Highest numbers of shoots and roots were obtained when cultured on liquid MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/l BA, 2 mg/l Kinetin and 1 mg/l NAA (8.73 shoots/explant and 29.67 roots/explant, respectively). Regenerated plantlets of K. angustifolia were transferred to pots containing different types of plant materials under natural conditions for 8 weeks. Optimal survival rate was 100% when transplanting K. angustifolia to soil, sand, soil and sand (1:1) or soil and small pieces of rock (1:1) ratio. The methanol extract of leaves K. angustifolia from natural plants and in vitro derives plants showed a significantly higher amount of TFC and antioxidant activity. GC-MS analysis identified 52 phytochemical compounds in leaves of K. angustifolia. This study may be helpful to increase the value of commercial production of K. angustifolia, pharmaceutical and medicinal purpose.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139272956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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