The papers published in Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, Issue 4, Volume 51, 2023 represent new exciting research in different topics of life science, respectively in plant science, horticulture, agronomy, crop science, and forestry. Among the interesting articles we invite you to find news about: Role of silica nanoparticles in enhancing drought tolerance of cereal crops; The role of endophytes and rhizobacteria to combat drought stress in wheat; In vitro evaluation of the antiproliferative activity of Piper retrofractum on human cholangiocarcinoma cells; Hexane extract of Telosma cordata enhances neurite outgrowth via the epigenetically regulated genes expression in neuronal cells; Investigations on the chemical composition of volatile oils extracted from the leaves of spontaneous and cultivated Taxus baccata L. trees; The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on maize (Zea mays L.) under boron toxicity stress; Potential impact of iron oxide conjugated nano-fertilizer on growth, flowering and isozyme expression in Gardenia jasminoides; Water ecological requirements of Characeae taxa in eastern Spain; Agronomic biofortification with magnesium nanofertilizer and its effect on the nutritional quality of beans; ZnO nanoparticles improve bioactive compounds, enzymatic activity and zinc concentration in grapevine; Effect of mycorrhization on growth and physiology performance of Quercus species; Jointly soil properties affect N and P uptakes and utilizations in Pinus tabuliformis Carr. and Quercus liaotungensis Koidz. subjected to growing media with decomposed litter.
{"title":"Introduction pages, NBHA-CN 51(4), 2023","authors":"R. Sestras","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413576","url":null,"abstract":"The papers published in Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, Issue 4, Volume 51, 2023 represent new exciting research in different topics of life science, respectively in plant science, horticulture, agronomy, crop science, and forestry. Among the interesting articles we invite you to find news about: Role of silica nanoparticles in enhancing drought tolerance of cereal crops; The role of endophytes and rhizobacteria to combat drought stress in wheat; In vitro evaluation of the antiproliferative activity of Piper retrofractum on human cholangiocarcinoma cells; Hexane extract of Telosma cordata enhances neurite outgrowth via the epigenetically regulated genes expression in neuronal cells; Investigations on the chemical composition of volatile oils extracted from the leaves of spontaneous and cultivated Taxus baccata L. trees; The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on maize (Zea mays L.) under boron toxicity stress; Potential impact of iron oxide conjugated nano-fertilizer on growth, flowering and isozyme expression in Gardenia jasminoides; Water ecological requirements of Characeae taxa in eastern Spain; Agronomic biofortification with magnesium nanofertilizer and its effect on the nutritional quality of beans; ZnO nanoparticles improve bioactive compounds, enzymatic activity and zinc concentration in grapevine; Effect of mycorrhization on growth and physiology performance of Quercus species; Jointly soil properties affect N and P uptakes and utilizations in Pinus tabuliformis Carr. and Quercus liaotungensis Koidz. subjected to growing media with decomposed litter.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138945930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Narges Abdar, Mehdi Zarei, A. Shahriari, Iman Mirmazloum
A greenhouse study was conducted to investigate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on maize (Zea mays L.) yield and boron (B) uptake under excessive B concentrations. Four levels of B (0, 10, 20 and 40 mg kg-1 soil) and four levels of microbial inoculation (non-inoculation, Rhizophagus intraradices, Micrococcus yunnanensis and co-inoculation) were applied. In general, elevated B decreased the maize relative yield, plant dry weight, plant height, total leaf area and chlorophyll content. The highest B uptake was recorded in the 20 mg kg-1 B treatments, whereas the lowest uptake was in B treatments of 0 and 40 mg B kg-1. Excessive B supply increased the proline content and electrolyte leakage of maize leaves. Microbial inoculation did not change the yield of B-stressed plants. In addition, mycorrhiza inoculation and co-inoculation increased the shoot and root B uptake. Maize plants growing at high B concentrations with or without microbial inoculation showed leaf edge burning and necrosis when compared with control treatments. Microbial inoculation improved the maize yield under B stress up to 20 mg B kg-1. Thus, inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhiza and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria can increase the maize tolerance under B toxicity. Nonetheless, the inoculation of bacterium and arbuscular mycorrhiza had a more alleviative effect when the plants were exposed to excess B.
{"title":"The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on maize (Zea mays L.) under boron toxicity stress","authors":"Narges Abdar, Mehdi Zarei, A. Shahriari, Iman Mirmazloum","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413473","url":null,"abstract":"A greenhouse study was conducted to investigate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on maize (Zea mays L.) yield and boron (B) uptake under excessive B concentrations. Four levels of B (0, 10, 20 and 40 mg kg-1 soil) and four levels of microbial inoculation (non-inoculation, Rhizophagus intraradices, Micrococcus yunnanensis and co-inoculation) were applied. In general, elevated B decreased the maize relative yield, plant dry weight, plant height, total leaf area and chlorophyll content. The highest B uptake was recorded in the 20 mg kg-1 B treatments, whereas the lowest uptake was in B treatments of 0 and 40 mg B kg-1. Excessive B supply increased the proline content and electrolyte leakage of maize leaves. Microbial inoculation did not change the yield of B-stressed plants. In addition, mycorrhiza inoculation and co-inoculation increased the shoot and root B uptake. Maize plants growing at high B concentrations with or without microbial inoculation showed leaf edge burning and necrosis when compared with control treatments. Microbial inoculation improved the maize yield under B stress up to 20 mg B kg-1. Thus, inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhiza and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria can increase the maize tolerance under B toxicity. Nonetheless, the inoculation of bacterium and arbuscular mycorrhiza had a more alleviative effect when the plants were exposed to excess B.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138957323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. C. Dunăreanu, Gheorghița L. Piscanu, D. Bonea, Mihai Botu
Taking into account the rising demand for organic wheat and the need to guarantee both high productivity and quality of the crops, the choice of cultivar plays a crucial role. These intended objectives may solely be attained by employing the most appropriate cultivars for organic agriculture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of 15 wheat cultivars for cultivation in organic farming according to three important parameters for organic farmers and processors, namely grain yield, test weight and protein content. The field experiment took place over two consecutive growing seasons, in the center of the Oltenia region (southwest of Romania) under organic farming conditions. The results showed significant effects of the climatic conditions in the year of study, but also of the cultivar on all studied parameters. The effect of genotype-environment interactions was significant only for test weight and protein content. On average, over the two years of study, the grain yield was 3899 kg ha-1, the test weight was 70.8 kg hl-1, and the protein content was 10.1%. The recently released cultivar ‘Voinic’ obtained the maximum grain yield (4755 kg ha-1) and also a maximum test weight and protein content (73.9 kg hl-1, respectively 10.7%). In conclusion, it follows that by using cultivars suitable for organic farming, good and quality yields can be obtained that can be a suitable raw material for baking industry.
{"title":"Assessment of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield and quality under organic farming in the southwest of Romania","authors":"I. C. Dunăreanu, Gheorghița L. Piscanu, D. Bonea, Mihai Botu","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413113","url":null,"abstract":"Taking into account the rising demand for organic wheat and the need to guarantee both high productivity and quality of the crops, the choice of cultivar plays a crucial role. These intended objectives may solely be attained by employing the most appropriate cultivars for organic agriculture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of 15 wheat cultivars for cultivation in organic farming according to three important parameters for organic farmers and processors, namely grain yield, test weight and protein content. The field experiment took place over two consecutive growing seasons, in the center of the Oltenia region (southwest of Romania) under organic farming conditions. The results showed significant effects of the climatic conditions in the year of study, but also of the cultivar on all studied parameters. The effect of genotype-environment interactions was significant only for test weight and protein content. On average, over the two years of study, the grain yield was 3899 kg ha-1, the test weight was 70.8 kg hl-1, and the protein content was 10.1%. The recently released cultivar ‘Voinic’ obtained the maximum grain yield (4755 kg ha-1) and also a maximum test weight and protein content (73.9 kg hl-1, respectively 10.7%). In conclusion, it follows that by using cultivars suitable for organic farming, good and quality yields can be obtained that can be a suitable raw material for baking industry.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138953848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sulaiman, Hossam S. EL-BELTAGI, W. F. Shehata, Aziz AHMAD, M. F. Hassim, Maha L. Hadid
Cereal crops are essential for providing essential nutrients and energy in the daily human diet. Additionally, they have a crucial role as a significant constituent of cattle feed, hence enhancing meat production. Drought, being an abiotic stressor, adversely affects the growth and yield of numerous crops on a global scale. This issue poses a significant and pressing obstacle to maintaining global cereal crop production and ensuring food security. Nanoparticles have become a valuable resource for improving cereal crop yield and productivity under ongoing rapid climate change and escalating drought conditions. Among these, silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have demonstrated their potential for agricultural applications in regions with limited water availability. Drought stress has detrimental effects on cereal crops, impacting their growth, metabolic, and physiological processes, hampering water and nutrient absorption, disrupting cellular membranes, damaging the photosynthetic apparatus, and reducing antioxidant activities by altering gene expression. SiNPs help preserve cellular membranes, regulate water balance, and improve water and nutrient absorption, resulting in a substantial enhancement in plant growth under water-deficit conditions. SiNPs also protect the photosynthetic system and enhance its efficiency, facilitate the accumulation of phenolics, hormones, osmolytes, antioxidant activities, and gene expression, thus empowering plants with increased resistance to drought stress. Moreover, SiNPs decrease leaf water loss by promoting stomatal closure, primarily by fostering the accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and mitigating oxidative stress damage by activating the antioxidant defence system and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, a limited number of studies examine the role of SiNPs in cereal crops under drought stress conditions. In this review, we highlighted the promising potential of SiNPs to improve cereal crop resilience by changing morpho-histological traits, antioxidant properties, and gene expression to maintain food security in drought-prone areas. This study will aid researchers in using SiNPs as an environmentally benign way to improving drought resistance in cereal crops in order to fulfill global food supply needs.
{"title":"Role of silica nanoparticles in enhancing drought tolerance of cereal crops","authors":"Sulaiman, Hossam S. EL-BELTAGI, W. F. Shehata, Aziz AHMAD, M. F. Hassim, Maha L. Hadid","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413480","url":null,"abstract":"Cereal crops are essential for providing essential nutrients and energy in the daily human diet. Additionally, they have a crucial role as a significant constituent of cattle feed, hence enhancing meat production. Drought, being an abiotic stressor, adversely affects the growth and yield of numerous crops on a global scale. This issue poses a significant and pressing obstacle to maintaining global cereal crop production and ensuring food security. Nanoparticles have become a valuable resource for improving cereal crop yield and productivity under ongoing rapid climate change and escalating drought conditions. Among these, silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have demonstrated their potential for agricultural applications in regions with limited water availability. Drought stress has detrimental effects on cereal crops, impacting their growth, metabolic, and physiological processes, hampering water and nutrient absorption, disrupting cellular membranes, damaging the photosynthetic apparatus, and reducing antioxidant activities by altering gene expression. SiNPs help preserve cellular membranes, regulate water balance, and improve water and nutrient absorption, resulting in a substantial enhancement in plant growth under water-deficit conditions. SiNPs also protect the photosynthetic system and enhance its efficiency, facilitate the accumulation of phenolics, hormones, osmolytes, antioxidant activities, and gene expression, thus empowering plants with increased resistance to drought stress. Moreover, SiNPs decrease leaf water loss by promoting stomatal closure, primarily by fostering the accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and mitigating oxidative stress damage by activating the antioxidant defence system and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, a limited number of studies examine the role of SiNPs in cereal crops under drought stress conditions. In this review, we highlighted the promising potential of SiNPs to improve cereal crop resilience by changing morpho-histological traits, antioxidant properties, and gene expression to maintain food security in drought-prone areas. This study will aid researchers in using SiNPs as an environmentally benign way to improving drought resistance in cereal crops in order to fulfill global food supply needs.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138955859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plum pox virus (PPV) is considered the most detrimental viral pathogen of stone fruits, causing important economic losses. Exhaustive studies revealed that D, M and Rec are the prevalent strains of PPV in Europe. While different experimental reports revealed that PPV-M is more aggressive than PPV-D, limited information is available about the competitiveness of PPV-Rec under field conditions. Also, symptoms developed by PPV-Rec infection are scarcely documented. To increase this knowledge, we selected and monitored an experimental plum orchard already contaminated by both PPV-D and PPV-Rec. The disease spread was monitored by visual observation and ELISA testing each year along five consecutive vegetative periods. The dynamic of single and mixed infections was assessed by molecular strain typing (IC-RT-PCR) of all newly and single-infected trees. While the disease prevalence increased almost linearly, the number of single PPV infected trees (either by PPV-Rec or by PPV-D) remained relatively stable during the five-year period of monitoring, which is explainable by the continual increase of the number of trees infected with both strains together. No significant difference in the progression rate between D and Rec strains was found when considering their presence in both single and mixed infections. Although the types of PPV symptoms developed on leaves and fruits varied among cultivars, no clear-cut D or Rec strain-specific symptoms were developed within the same cultivar. Overall results revealed that PPV-D and PPV-Rec strains had similar behaviour in terms of competitiveness and symptoms developed under our experimental field conditions.
{"title":"Are D and Rec strains of Plum pox virus similar or different in terms of competitiveness and symptomatology?","authors":"I. Zagrai, L. Zagrai","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413526","url":null,"abstract":"Plum pox virus (PPV) is considered the most detrimental viral pathogen of stone fruits, causing important economic losses. Exhaustive studies revealed that D, M and Rec are the prevalent strains of PPV in Europe. While different experimental reports revealed that PPV-M is more aggressive than PPV-D, limited information is available about the competitiveness of PPV-Rec under field conditions. Also, symptoms developed by PPV-Rec infection are scarcely documented. To increase this knowledge, we selected and monitored an experimental plum orchard already contaminated by both PPV-D and PPV-Rec. The disease spread was monitored by visual observation and ELISA testing each year along five consecutive vegetative periods. The dynamic of single and mixed infections was assessed by molecular strain typing (IC-RT-PCR) of all newly and single-infected trees. While the disease prevalence increased almost linearly, the number of single PPV infected trees (either by PPV-Rec or by PPV-D) remained relatively stable during the five-year period of monitoring, which is explainable by the continual increase of the number of trees infected with both strains together. No significant difference in the progression rate between D and Rec strains was found when considering their presence in both single and mixed infections. Although the types of PPV symptoms developed on leaves and fruits varied among cultivars, no clear-cut D or Rec strain-specific symptoms were developed within the same cultivar. Overall results revealed that PPV-D and PPV-Rec strains had similar behaviour in terms of competitiveness and symptoms developed under our experimental field conditions.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138959249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khaled M.A. Ramadan, Hossam S. EL-BELTAGI, Taia A. Abd El Mageed, Khaled E. Mazrou, G. Mohamed, M. El‐Saadony, F. El-Saadony, Mohamed H.H. Roby, H. Saudy, A. Abou-Sreea
Anise is one of the plants with therapeutic potential, which is classified among the most important medicinal plants with interesting biological effects. Its components could be perceived so as “natural” and “safe” alternatives to antibiotics as well as they are applied in different industries such as food and cosmetic purposes. Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient, however, its importance to improve oil yield and quality of anise has not been adequately investigated, specifically under drought. Therefore, two successive seasons were conducted to investigate the effect of selenium foliar application upon anise plants under drought stress. Selenium was applied at three different concentrations (0.0 1.0 and 2.0 mM denoted Se0, Se1 and Se2, respectively) along with two levels of crop evapotranspiration (ET): Full irrigation, 100% of ET (FI) and 60% of ET (DI). The promotive effect of combinations of DI × Se1 or Se2 (for Fv/Fm, RWC%, and MSI% in the first season) and DI × Se2 (for Fv/Fm, and MSI% in the second season) were as similar as FI × Se2. Compared to the counterpart control treatment (DI × Se0), the highest increases in total free amino acids (31.5 and 31.6%), total soluble sugars (84.2 and 86.4%) and free proline content (84.2 and 86.4%) were recorded with application of DI × Se2 practice in both seasons, respectively. Under DI, Se2 recorded the maximum values of root length, shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weight in the second season. Under drought, the increases in seed yield due to application of Se1 and Se2 amounted to 1.72 and 1.62 folds in the 1st season and 1.50 and 1.43 folds in 2nd one, respectively. The most effective practice for improving IWUE was Se1× DI in both seasons, followed by Se2 × DI. Based on the chromatographical detection, the maximum values of Anethole were recorded with FI × Se2 while L-Linalool has greatly increased with DI × Se2. In conclusion, the growers in arid and semi-arid zones are advised to use selenium (2.0 mM) in anise fertilization to mitigate the adverse impacts of drought, and keeping crop yield and quality.
{"title":"Significance of selenium in ameliorating the effects of irrigation deficit via improving photosynthesis efficiency, cell integrity, osmo-protectants, and oil profile of anise crop","authors":"Khaled M.A. Ramadan, Hossam S. EL-BELTAGI, Taia A. Abd El Mageed, Khaled E. Mazrou, G. Mohamed, M. El‐Saadony, F. El-Saadony, Mohamed H.H. Roby, H. Saudy, A. Abou-Sreea","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413437","url":null,"abstract":"Anise is one of the plants with therapeutic potential, which is classified among the most important medicinal plants with interesting biological effects. Its components could be perceived so as “natural” and “safe” alternatives to antibiotics as well as they are applied in different industries such as food and cosmetic purposes. Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient, however, its importance to improve oil yield and quality of anise has not been adequately investigated, specifically under drought. Therefore, two successive seasons were conducted to investigate the effect of selenium foliar application upon anise plants under drought stress. Selenium was applied at three different concentrations (0.0 1.0 and 2.0 mM denoted Se0, Se1 and Se2, respectively) along with two levels of crop evapotranspiration (ET): Full irrigation, 100% of ET (FI) and 60% of ET (DI). The promotive effect of combinations of DI × Se1 or Se2 (for Fv/Fm, RWC%, and MSI% in the first season) and DI × Se2 (for Fv/Fm, and MSI% in the second season) were as similar as FI × Se2. Compared to the counterpart control treatment (DI × Se0), the highest increases in total free amino acids (31.5 and 31.6%), total soluble sugars (84.2 and 86.4%) and free proline content (84.2 and 86.4%) were recorded with application of DI × Se2 practice in both seasons, respectively. Under DI, Se2 recorded the maximum values of root length, shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weight in the second season. Under drought, the increases in seed yield due to application of Se1 and Se2 amounted to 1.72 and 1.62 folds in the 1st season and 1.50 and 1.43 folds in 2nd one, respectively. The most effective practice for improving IWUE was Se1× DI in both seasons, followed by Se2 × DI. Based on the chromatographical detection, the maximum values of Anethole were recorded with FI × Se2 while L-Linalool has greatly increased with DI × Se2. In conclusion, the growers in arid and semi-arid zones are advised to use selenium (2.0 mM) in anise fertilization to mitigate the adverse impacts of drought, and keeping crop yield and quality.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138962563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Din, C. Mihăescu, Diana I. POPESCU (STEGARUS), D. Vîlcoci, Georgiana Cîrstea, Ionela Sărdărescu, Diana-Elena Vizitiu, Alina Paunescu, Ion Mitrea, R. Mitrea
The pathogens Alternaria solani and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici are of significant interest from a pathogenic perspective in the context of tomato cultivation. This study focuses on evaluating the fungicidal and fungistatic effects of different synthetic substances and natural compounds on the development of these two investigated pathogens. The fungicidal agents employed comprised fosetyl aluminum at a concentration of 0.3%, azoxystrobin at 0.2%, and metiram at 0.3%, while the natural extracts investigated included those derived from European birthwort, celandine and sage, each tested at concentrations of 0.5%, 2%, 9%, and 15%. The assessment of mycelial growth inhibition was conducted utilizing Vincent’s formula. Additionally, the total polyphenol content (TPC) within the extracts was determined via the Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometric method in accordance with Frum et al. (2022). Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity of the extracts was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging method (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Our research findings yielded noteworthy results, specifically, extracts derived from sage and celandine, particularly when present at a concentration of 15%, exhibited a fungistatic effect. This effect was particularly remarkable when compared to the performance of the synthetic fungicide azoxystrobin at a concentration of 0.2% when challenged with the Alternaria pathogen. These results suggest the potential utility of sage and celandine extracts as eco-friendly alternatives for mitigating fungal pathogens in tomato crops, warranting further investigation and consideration within agricultural practices.
{"title":"Ecological control of mycotic pathogens in tomato crops - alternatives to synthetic pesticides","authors":"A. Din, C. Mihăescu, Diana I. POPESCU (STEGARUS), D. Vîlcoci, Georgiana Cîrstea, Ionela Sărdărescu, Diana-Elena Vizitiu, Alina Paunescu, Ion Mitrea, R. Mitrea","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413492","url":null,"abstract":"The pathogens Alternaria solani and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici are of significant interest from a pathogenic perspective in the context of tomato cultivation. This study focuses on evaluating the fungicidal and fungistatic effects of different synthetic substances and natural compounds on the development of these two investigated pathogens. The fungicidal agents employed comprised fosetyl aluminum at a concentration of 0.3%, azoxystrobin at 0.2%, and metiram at 0.3%, while the natural extracts investigated included those derived from European birthwort, celandine and sage, each tested at concentrations of 0.5%, 2%, 9%, and 15%. The assessment of mycelial growth inhibition was conducted utilizing Vincent’s formula. Additionally, the total polyphenol content (TPC) within the extracts was determined via the Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometric method in accordance with Frum et al. (2022). Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity of the extracts was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging method (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Our research findings yielded noteworthy results, specifically, extracts derived from sage and celandine, particularly when present at a concentration of 15%, exhibited a fungistatic effect. This effect was particularly remarkable when compared to the performance of the synthetic fungicide azoxystrobin at a concentration of 0.2% when challenged with the Alternaria pathogen. These results suggest the potential utility of sage and celandine extracts as eco-friendly alternatives for mitigating fungal pathogens in tomato crops, warranting further investigation and consideration within agricultural practices.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138961648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This review examines the possible clinical uses of extracts from mushrooms with medicinal properties, particularly their role as gastroprotective agents. After conducting a thorough examination of the literature, we identified and chose publications that presented six distinct types of mushroom extracts. These extracts have been experimentally demonstrated to have gastroprotective effects in animal models. Animals like rats or mice were used as subjects in experimental models to generate stomach ulcers through various approaches, such as chemical induction or inducing stress. Studies have shown that mushroom extracts are efficacious in facilitating the healing process of stomach ulcers. Several fundamental modes of action include anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, along with enhanced preservation of stomach mucus. No clinical trials pertaining to this topic have been uncovered. However, the initial positive outcomes gained serve as a basis for additional investigation on this subject.
{"title":"The role of medicinal mushrooms as gastroprotective agents: A short narrative review","authors":"Aida Puia, Diana Schlanger, I. C. Puia","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413532","url":null,"abstract":"This review examines the possible clinical uses of extracts from mushrooms with medicinal properties, particularly their role as gastroprotective agents. After conducting a thorough examination of the literature, we identified and chose publications that presented six distinct types of mushroom extracts. These extracts have been experimentally demonstrated to have gastroprotective effects in animal models. Animals like rats or mice were used as subjects in experimental models to generate stomach ulcers through various approaches, such as chemical induction or inducing stress. Studies have shown that mushroom extracts are efficacious in facilitating the healing process of stomach ulcers. Several fundamental modes of action include anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, along with enhanced preservation of stomach mucus. No clinical trials pertaining to this topic have been uncovered. However, the initial positive outcomes gained serve as a basis for additional investigation on this subject.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138961084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bassam F. Alowaiesh, A. EL-Mansy, Dina A. EL-ALAKMY, Esraa Rehema, D. Abd El-Moneim
Olive is an essential industrial crop in the Mediterranean region with valuable economic and agricultural concerns. Despite its drought resistance, its productivity is restricted by extreme drought stress. Olive cultivars display considerable variation in response mechanisms to drought stress. Accordingly, the impact of mild and extreme water deprivation over two seasons compared to full irrigation requirements on growth and physiological characteristics of three diverse olive cultivars. Three olive cultivars, ‘Manzanillo’, ‘Eggizi-Shami’, and ‘Tofaahi’, were evaluated under three irrigation regimes 100% ETc, 75% ETc, and 50% ETc. Characteristics of shoot and root, as well as physio-chemical constituents, were determined. Besides, the gene expression of dehydration-responsive element binding (DREB), dehydrin (DHN), and catalase (CAT) genes in olive cultivars were explored under different irrigation regimes. The results indicated a substantial impact of irrigation level on all studied parameters. The mild and extreme drought stress treatments caused a gradual reduction in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content, relative water content, root and shoot length, root and leaf numbers, branch count, and leaf area across both seasons. Conversely, proline content was considerably increased under drought treatments compared to well-watered conditions. Similarly, the assessed cultivars exhibited significant variation in all studied parameters, with ‘Eggizi-Shami’ demonstrating superiority. Under mild and extreme drought stress conditions, the cultivar ‘Eggizi-Shami’ displayed the highest proline content and most growth characteristics. Besides, the real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis displayed significant alterations in gene expression of the tested three genes related to drought response (DHN, DREB, and CAT). The RT-qPCR analysis revealed that under drought stress conditions (75% and 50% ETc), ‘Eggizi-Shami’ exhibited higher expression compared to the other two cultivars (‘Tofaahi’ and ‘Manzanillo’). Combining the results of morphological and physiological parameters with gene expression analysis of drought-related genes can offer highly validated information about drought-tolerant olive cultivars. This integrated approach serves as an innovative methodology to identify and confirm genes involved in abiotic stress.
{"title":"Biochemical, physiological, and molecular responses of diverse olive cultivars to different irrigation regimes","authors":"Bassam F. Alowaiesh, A. EL-Mansy, Dina A. EL-ALAKMY, Esraa Rehema, D. Abd El-Moneim","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413395","url":null,"abstract":"Olive is an essential industrial crop in the Mediterranean region with valuable economic and agricultural concerns. Despite its drought resistance, its productivity is restricted by extreme drought stress. Olive cultivars display considerable variation in response mechanisms to drought stress. Accordingly, the impact of mild and extreme water deprivation over two seasons compared to full irrigation requirements on growth and physiological characteristics of three diverse olive cultivars. Three olive cultivars, ‘Manzanillo’, ‘Eggizi-Shami’, and ‘Tofaahi’, were evaluated under three irrigation regimes 100% ETc, 75% ETc, and 50% ETc. Characteristics of shoot and root, as well as physio-chemical constituents, were determined. Besides, the gene expression of dehydration-responsive element binding (DREB), dehydrin (DHN), and catalase (CAT) genes in olive cultivars were explored under different irrigation regimes. The results indicated a substantial impact of irrigation level on all studied parameters. The mild and extreme drought stress treatments caused a gradual reduction in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content, relative water content, root and shoot length, root and leaf numbers, branch count, and leaf area across both seasons. Conversely, proline content was considerably increased under drought treatments compared to well-watered conditions. Similarly, the assessed cultivars exhibited significant variation in all studied parameters, with ‘Eggizi-Shami’ demonstrating superiority. Under mild and extreme drought stress conditions, the cultivar ‘Eggizi-Shami’ displayed the highest proline content and most growth characteristics. Besides, the real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis displayed significant alterations in gene expression of the tested three genes related to drought response (DHN, DREB, and CAT). The RT-qPCR analysis revealed that under drought stress conditions (75% and 50% ETc), ‘Eggizi-Shami’ exhibited higher expression compared to the other two cultivars (‘Tofaahi’ and ‘Manzanillo’). Combining the results of morphological and physiological parameters with gene expression analysis of drought-related genes can offer highly validated information about drought-tolerant olive cultivars. This integrated approach serves as an innovative methodology to identify and confirm genes involved in abiotic stress.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139174296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed M. AbdelGhaffar, Rana M Alshegaihi, Mariam A. Alkhateeb, R. Alshamrani, A. Abuzaid, Said S. Soliman, Tarek Ismail, Ahmed Elzohery, D. Abd El-Moneim, Wessam F. Felemban, Ameina S. ALmoshadak, A. A. Hassanin
The evaluation of genetic diversity is crucial for breeders to develop strategies and improve the resilience, quality, and adaptability of the date palm. In this study, the genetic diversity of three date palm varieties was performed using ISSR-PCR molecular markers to determine its relationship with in vitro propagation response of these varieties. The molecular profiling was performed using ISSR-PCR. A total of 49 loci were produced by the PCR reactions, 38 of which were polymorphic while 11 were monomorphic. The level of polymorphism revealed by ISSR-PCR varied from 33.33% to 100%. The three date palm varieties were grouped into two clusters based on the results of cluster analyses that used morphological data and molecular profiles. Cluster I comprised the ‘Barhy’ variety and Cluster II included ‘Magdoul’ and ‘Amri’ varieties. The clustering analyses revealed the independence of the ‘Barhy’ variety in its characteristics from the other varieties based on either morphological or molecular data. The results of in vitro propagation showed that the ‘Amri’ variety exhibited the highest callus induction frequency (86.28%), callus weight (2.33 g), number of somatic embryos (9.32), number of shoots (14.62), number of roots (4.11), root length (4.63 cm), shoot length (13.61 cm) followed by ‘Magdoul’ and ‘Barhy’ varieties. The ‘Amri’ variety had the shortest callus induction period, at 23.26 days while the ‘Barhy’ variety exhibited the longest period of callus induction (28.55). It was deduced from the study that the ISSR marker reproduced trustworthy patterns of bands to determine the genetic diversity among different date palm varieties that are considered the cornerstone for the genetic improvement of date palms. The understanding of the relationship between genetic diversity and in vitro propagation response of date palm is essential for ensuring the long-term sustainability of its crop. This will facilitate better conservation and development of new date palm varieties that fulfil the needs of farmers and consumers.
{"title":"Genetic diversity assessment and in vitro propagation of some date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) varieties","authors":"Ahmed M. AbdelGhaffar, Rana M Alshegaihi, Mariam A. Alkhateeb, R. Alshamrani, A. Abuzaid, Said S. Soliman, Tarek Ismail, Ahmed Elzohery, D. Abd El-Moneim, Wessam F. Felemban, Ameina S. ALmoshadak, A. A. Hassanin","doi":"10.15835/nbha51413449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413449","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation of genetic diversity is crucial for breeders to develop strategies and improve the resilience, quality, and adaptability of the date palm. In this study, the genetic diversity of three date palm varieties was performed using ISSR-PCR molecular markers to determine its relationship with in vitro propagation response of these varieties. The molecular profiling was performed using ISSR-PCR. A total of 49 loci were produced by the PCR reactions, 38 of which were polymorphic while 11 were monomorphic. The level of polymorphism revealed by ISSR-PCR varied from 33.33% to 100%. The three date palm varieties were grouped into two clusters based on the results of cluster analyses that used morphological data and molecular profiles. Cluster I comprised the ‘Barhy’ variety and Cluster II included ‘Magdoul’ and ‘Amri’ varieties. The clustering analyses revealed the independence of the ‘Barhy’ variety in its characteristics from the other varieties based on either morphological or molecular data. The results of in vitro propagation showed that the ‘Amri’ variety exhibited the highest callus induction frequency (86.28%), callus weight (2.33 g), number of somatic embryos (9.32), number of shoots (14.62), number of roots (4.11), root length (4.63 cm), shoot length (13.61 cm) followed by ‘Magdoul’ and ‘Barhy’ varieties. The ‘Amri’ variety had the shortest callus induction period, at 23.26 days while the ‘Barhy’ variety exhibited the longest period of callus induction (28.55). It was deduced from the study that the ISSR marker reproduced trustworthy patterns of bands to determine the genetic diversity among different date palm varieties that are considered the cornerstone for the genetic improvement of date palms. The understanding of the relationship between genetic diversity and in vitro propagation response of date palm is essential for ensuring the long-term sustainability of its crop. This will facilitate better conservation and development of new date palm varieties that fulfil the needs of farmers and consumers.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139173147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：