Carboxylesterase from edible legume seeds, including black gram bean (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper), mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) and red bean (Vigna umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi and Ohashi) has been partially purified using the ammonium sulphate salting-out procedure. The specific activity of the partially purified carboxylesterase extracted from black gram bean, mung bean and red bean are 3.96±0.26, 1.51±0.10 and 1.29±0.08 U/mg, respectively (p<0.05). The carboxylesterase from black gram bean showed very high sensitivity to 24 types of organophosphate pesticides (OPs) and 7 types of carbamate pesticides (CAs) at the concentrations of 0.001-3.0 µg/ml. The limit of detection (LOD) obtained for OPs and CAs pesticide residues were 0.002 and 0.01 mg/kg, respectively. For performance assessment of methods for pesticide determination in vegetables, all performance parameter values, including sensitivity, accuracy, and specificity of the carboxylesterase enzyme inhibition method, are 100% compared with commercial pesticide test kits and are 70.5%, 90%, and 100%, respectively, compared with chromatographic method analysis.
{"title":"Carboxylesterase from edible legume seeds and their sensitivity to organophosphate and carbamate pesticides","authors":"Chiradet NASUK, Monrodee CHAOWARAT, Sumonwan CHUMCHUERE","doi":"10.15835/nbha51313234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51313234","url":null,"abstract":"Carboxylesterase from edible legume seeds, including black gram bean (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper), mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) and red bean (Vigna umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi and Ohashi) has been partially purified using the ammonium sulphate salting-out procedure. The specific activity of the partially purified carboxylesterase extracted from black gram bean, mung bean and red bean are 3.96±0.26, 1.51±0.10 and 1.29±0.08 U/mg, respectively (p<0.05). The carboxylesterase from black gram bean showed very high sensitivity to 24 types of organophosphate pesticides (OPs) and 7 types of carbamate pesticides (CAs) at the concentrations of 0.001-3.0 µg/ml. The limit of detection (LOD) obtained for OPs and CAs pesticide residues were 0.002 and 0.01 mg/kg, respectively. For performance assessment of methods for pesticide determination in vegetables, all performance parameter values, including sensitivity, accuracy, and specificity of the carboxylesterase enzyme inhibition method, are 100% compared with commercial pesticide test kits and are 70.5%, 90%, and 100%, respectively, compared with chromatographic method analysis.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136035556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nafiye ÜNAL, Mehmet A. SARIDAŞ, Erdal AĞÇAM, Asiye AKYILDİZ, Sevgi PAYDAŞ KARGI
Chokeberry, a type of berry fruit, has garnered attention in recent years due to its remarkable antioxidant properties. The rich bioactive components found in its fruits have been found to exert positive effects on human health. In this research, the growth, yield, and quality of two chokeberry cultivars (‘Nero’ and ‘Viking’) were evaluated, along with detailed biochemical parameters of the fruits, across different harvest dates ranging from mid-August to mid-September. During the experiment, it was observed that the ‘Viking’ cultivar exhibited more upright and taller plant growth than ‘Nero’. There were no significant differences observed between the cultivars in terms of yield, total soluble solids (TSS), total phenolic content (TPC), total monomeric anthocyanins (TMA), and antioxidant activity. However, ‘Nero’ demonstrated superiority in phenolic acids (excluding ferulic acid), glucose, citric acid, quinic acid, and ascorbic acid content. As the harvest progressed from August 31 to September 15, there was an increase in the accumulation of fruit TSS, TPC, TMA, sucrose, glucose, fructose, sorbitol, epicatechin, neo-chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and ferulic acid. Harvest dates did not impact antioxidant activity and anthocyanin compound values. Among the taste-related compounds, sorbitol was determined to be the most abundant, while sucrose exhibited a positive correlation with all individual sugars. Additionally, malic acid and quinic acid showed a positive correlation. The combination of the ‘Nero’ cultivar and the September 15th harvest date stood out as the most prominent in superior fruit bioactive compounds.
{"title":"Effects of harvest date on plant growth parameters and fruit phytochemical contents in different cultivars of chokeberry","authors":"Nafiye ÜNAL, Mehmet A. SARIDAŞ, Erdal AĞÇAM, Asiye AKYILDİZ, Sevgi PAYDAŞ KARGI","doi":"10.15835/nbha51313243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51313243","url":null,"abstract":"Chokeberry, a type of berry fruit, has garnered attention in recent years due to its remarkable antioxidant properties. The rich bioactive components found in its fruits have been found to exert positive effects on human health. In this research, the growth, yield, and quality of two chokeberry cultivars (‘Nero’ and ‘Viking’) were evaluated, along with detailed biochemical parameters of the fruits, across different harvest dates ranging from mid-August to mid-September. During the experiment, it was observed that the ‘Viking’ cultivar exhibited more upright and taller plant growth than ‘Nero’. There were no significant differences observed between the cultivars in terms of yield, total soluble solids (TSS), total phenolic content (TPC), total monomeric anthocyanins (TMA), and antioxidant activity. However, ‘Nero’ demonstrated superiority in phenolic acids (excluding ferulic acid), glucose, citric acid, quinic acid, and ascorbic acid content. As the harvest progressed from August 31 to September 15, there was an increase in the accumulation of fruit TSS, TPC, TMA, sucrose, glucose, fructose, sorbitol, epicatechin, neo-chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and ferulic acid. Harvest dates did not impact antioxidant activity and anthocyanin compound values. Among the taste-related compounds, sorbitol was determined to be the most abundant, while sucrose exhibited a positive correlation with all individual sugars. Additionally, malic acid and quinic acid showed a positive correlation. The combination of the ‘Nero’ cultivar and the September 15th harvest date stood out as the most prominent in superior fruit bioactive compounds.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136035555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel F. REYES-HERRERA, Alefsi D. SÁNCHEZ-REINOSO, Leonardo LOMBARDINI, Hermann RESTREPO-DÍAZ
Water deficit is one of the main abiotic stressors in crop production. The development of strategies to improve plant tolerance to water deficits has gained importance. Biochar application can be considered an alternative to mitigate abiotic stress. The use of coffee pulp to produce biochar could be a novel strategy for improving drought tolerance in coffee crops. Coffer plants cv. ‘Castillo’ were grown in pots or PVC pipes filled with silt loam soil in two separate experiments to evaluate the effect of coffee pulp biochar application on physiological responses under water deficit conditions. Four different biochar doses (0, 4, 8, and 16 t · ha-1) were used. A water deficit was imposed through progressive reduction irrigation (25%, 50%, 75%, and 90% of water lost via evapotranspiration). The leaf gas exchange, maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), biomass, and water status were measured. Reduced irrigation negatively affected the Fv/Fm, leaf gas exchange, biomass, and water status. Biochar (8 t ha-1) increased photosynthesis in both well-irrigated plants (6 µmol m-2 s-1) and with reduced irrigation (3.5 µmol m-2 s-1) compared to 0 t ha-1 biochar (reduced irrigation: 1.8 µmol m-2 s-1 and well irrigated: 3.9 µmol m-2 s-1). In conclusion, 8 t ha-1 biochar can be a recommended practice for coffee production, not only to capture carbon and reintroduce it to the soil, but also to alleviate the effects of moderate water deficit. In future investigations, biochar application can be evaluated as an alternative to soil management or coffee plant nutrition, and its interaction with drought stress scenarios.
水分亏缺是作物生产中主要的非生物胁迫因素之一。发展提高植物对水分缺乏的耐受性的策略已经变得非常重要。生物炭的应用可以被认为是缓解非生物胁迫的一种替代方法。利用咖啡浆生产生物炭可能是提高咖啡作物耐旱性的一种新策略。保险箱植物cv。在两个不同的试验中，研究了咖啡浆生物炭对缺水条件下咖啡浆生理反应的影响。使用4种不同的生物炭剂量(0、4、8和16 t·ha-1)。通过逐步减少灌溉(25%、50%、75%和90%的水分通过蒸散损失)来施加水分亏缺。测定叶片气体交换、PSII最大量子产率(Fv/Fm)、生物量和水分状况。减少灌溉对Fv/Fm、叶片气体交换、生物量和水分状况有负面影响。与0 t ha-1生物炭(减少灌溉1.8µmol m-2 s-1，良好灌溉3.9µmol m-2 s-1)相比，8 t ha-1生物炭增加了灌溉良好的植物(6µmol m-2 s-1)和减少灌溉(3.5µmol m-2 s-1)的光合作用。综上所述，8 t ha-1生物炭可以作为咖啡生产的推荐做法，不仅可以捕获碳并将其重新引入土壤，而且可以缓解中度水分亏缺的影响。在未来的研究中，生物炭的应用可以评估作为土壤管理或咖啡植物营养的替代方案，以及它与干旱胁迫情景的相互作用。
{"title":"Physiological responses of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plants to biochar application under water deficit conditions","authors":"Daniel F. REYES-HERRERA, Alefsi D. SÁNCHEZ-REINOSO, Leonardo LOMBARDINI, Hermann RESTREPO-DÍAZ","doi":"10.15835/nbha51312873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51312873","url":null,"abstract":"Water deficit is one of the main abiotic stressors in crop production. The development of strategies to improve plant tolerance to water deficits has gained importance. Biochar application can be considered an alternative to mitigate abiotic stress. The use of coffee pulp to produce biochar could be a novel strategy for improving drought tolerance in coffee crops. Coffer plants cv. ‘Castillo’ were grown in pots or PVC pipes filled with silt loam soil in two separate experiments to evaluate the effect of coffee pulp biochar application on physiological responses under water deficit conditions. Four different biochar doses (0, 4, 8, and 16 t · ha-1) were used. A water deficit was imposed through progressive reduction irrigation (25%, 50%, 75%, and 90% of water lost via evapotranspiration). The leaf gas exchange, maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), biomass, and water status were measured. Reduced irrigation negatively affected the Fv/Fm, leaf gas exchange, biomass, and water status. Biochar (8 t ha-1) increased photosynthesis in both well-irrigated plants (6 µmol m-2 s-1) and with reduced irrigation (3.5 µmol m-2 s-1) compared to 0 t ha-1 biochar (reduced irrigation: 1.8 µmol m-2 s-1 and well irrigated: 3.9 µmol m-2 s-1). In conclusion, 8 t ha-1 biochar can be a recommended practice for coffee production, not only to capture carbon and reintroduce it to the soil, but also to alleviate the effects of moderate water deficit. In future investigations, biochar application can be evaluated as an alternative to soil management or coffee plant nutrition, and its interaction with drought stress scenarios.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136035374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Syed F.A. GILLANI, Adnan RASHEED, Yasir MAJEED, Shamshad S. BUKHARI, Huma TARIQ, None Shafiq-Ur-REHMAN, Zhan-Wu GAO
Maize has widely been studied as a model of plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Here, the genome sequences of 9P. The strains, together with 26 other sequenced Maize were comparatively studied. Phylogenetic analysis of the concatenated 244 single-copy core genes suggests that the 9P. The strains and 5 other Paenibacillus spp., isolated from diverse geographic regions and ecological niches, formed a closely related clade (here it is called Poly-clade). Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reveals local diversification of the 14 Poly-clade genomes. SNPs were not evenly distributed throughout the 14 genomes and the regions with high SNP density contain the genes related to secondary metabolism, including genes coding for polyketide. Recombination played an important role in the genetic diversity of this clade, although the rate of recombination was clearly lower than mutation. The distinction among people and different creatures can be gotten by relative examinations. This study reveals that both maize and its closely related species have plant growth promoting traits and they have great potential uses in agriculture and horticulture as PGPR.
{"title":"Gene mining and functional analysis related to maize (Zea mays L.) seed size","authors":"Syed F.A. GILLANI, Adnan RASHEED, Yasir MAJEED, Shamshad S. BUKHARI, Huma TARIQ, None Shafiq-Ur-REHMAN, Zhan-Wu GAO","doi":"10.15835/nbha51312659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51312659","url":null,"abstract":"Maize has widely been studied as a model of plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Here, the genome sequences of 9P. The strains, together with 26 other sequenced Maize were comparatively studied. Phylogenetic analysis of the concatenated 244 single-copy core genes suggests that the 9P. The strains and 5 other Paenibacillus spp., isolated from diverse geographic regions and ecological niches, formed a closely related clade (here it is called Poly-clade). Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reveals local diversification of the 14 Poly-clade genomes. SNPs were not evenly distributed throughout the 14 genomes and the regions with high SNP density contain the genes related to secondary metabolism, including genes coding for polyketide. Recombination played an important role in the genetic diversity of this clade, although the rate of recombination was clearly lower than mutation. The distinction among people and different creatures can be gotten by relative examinations. This study reveals that both maize and its closely related species have plant growth promoting traits and they have great potential uses in agriculture and horticulture as PGPR.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136035243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isaiah O. OCHIENG’, Shivani RANJAN, Mahmoud F. SELEIMAN, Smruti R. PADHAN, Rodah PSIWA, Sumit SOW, Daniel O. WASONGA, Harun I. GITARI
The soil's capability to adjust and mitigate the effects of water shortage due to climate change is limited in some regions such those that suffer from the low rainfall rates. This experimental field study aimed to assess the effects of two inorganic nitrogen forms on maize performance (i.e., growth, yield, grain protein content, and gross returns) and rainwater use efficiency (RUE). Treatments comprised three replicates of synthetic nitrogen forms (i.e., urea and nitrate) that were located in the main plots with four levels that were assigned to the subplots (i.e., 0, 25, 50, and 100 kg N ha-1). Nitrate application resulted in a higher plant height (62 cm) at the vegetative phase with superior values (11.6%) recorded in grain protein than those obtained from other treatments. In addition, the highest grain yield was obtained in nitrate-treated plots in comparison to other N application forms. The leaf area index registered optimal values when 50 kg N ha-1 was applied. On the application of two nitrogen forms, nitrate resulted in a higher RUE (2.1-3.4 kg ha-1 mm-1) than that obtained from maize treated with urea (1.3-1.9 kg ha-1 mm-1). This translated to a 123-234% increase in RUE over the control (N0), which is the key smallholder farmers’ practice. It is recommended that producing maize using nitrate nitrogen at 50 kg N ha-1 as opposed to urea can increase yield stability, and rain use efficiency with higher gross returns in water-scarce agro-ecologies in SSA.
土壤调节和减轻气候变化导致的水资源短缺影响的能力在一些地区是有限的，例如那些遭受低降雨量的地区。本试验旨在评价两种无机氮形态对玉米生长、产量、籽粒蛋白质含量和总收益以及雨水利用效率(RUE)的影响。处理包括3个重复的合成氮形式(即尿素和硝酸盐)，位于主样地，4个水平分配给子样地(即0、25、50和100 kg N hm -1)。在营养期，施用硝酸盐使植株高62 cm，籽粒蛋白质含量高于其他处理(11.6%)。此外，与其他施氮方式相比，硝酸盐处理地块的籽粒产量最高。施氮量为50 kg hm -1时，叶面积指数达到最佳值。施用两种氮肥形式时，硝态氮处理玉米的RUE (2.1 ~ 3.4 kg hm -1 mm-1)高于尿素处理(1.3 ~ 1.9 kg hm -1 mm-1)。这意味着RUE比对照(no)增加了123-234%，这是小农的主要做法。建议在缺水农业生态系统中，施用50 kg N hm -1的硝态氮而不是尿素可以提高产量稳定性和雨水利用效率，并获得较高的总收益。
{"title":"Increasing rainwater use efficiency, gross return, and grain protein of rain-fed maize under nitrate and urea nitrogen forms","authors":"Isaiah O. OCHIENG’, Shivani RANJAN, Mahmoud F. SELEIMAN, Smruti R. PADHAN, Rodah PSIWA, Sumit SOW, Daniel O. WASONGA, Harun I. GITARI","doi":"10.15835/nbha51313293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51313293","url":null,"abstract":"The soil's capability to adjust and mitigate the effects of water shortage due to climate change is limited in some regions such those that suffer from the low rainfall rates. This experimental field study aimed to assess the effects of two inorganic nitrogen forms on maize performance (i.e., growth, yield, grain protein content, and gross returns) and rainwater use efficiency (RUE). Treatments comprised three replicates of synthetic nitrogen forms (i.e., urea and nitrate) that were located in the main plots with four levels that were assigned to the subplots (i.e., 0, 25, 50, and 100 kg N ha-1). Nitrate application resulted in a higher plant height (62 cm) at the vegetative phase with superior values (11.6%) recorded in grain protein than those obtained from other treatments. In addition, the highest grain yield was obtained in nitrate-treated plots in comparison to other N application forms. The leaf area index registered optimal values when 50 kg N ha-1 was applied. On the application of two nitrogen forms, nitrate resulted in a higher RUE (2.1-3.4 kg ha-1 mm-1) than that obtained from maize treated with urea (1.3-1.9 kg ha-1 mm-1). This translated to a 123-234% increase in RUE over the control (N0), which is the key smallholder farmers’ practice. It is recommended that producing maize using nitrate nitrogen at 50 kg N ha-1 as opposed to urea can increase yield stability, and rain use efficiency with higher gross returns in water-scarce agro-ecologies in SSA.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135782669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to determine the anticancer effects of extracts prepared from various parts of Cassia fistula L. (CF), i.e., flower extract (FE), fruit pulp extract (FPE) and seed extract (SE), on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The anticancer effects of the extracts were assessed for cell toxicity, cell proliferation, cell migration, cell apoptosis, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Effective cancer treatments have focused on inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling. Thus, the expression of EGFR protein after extract-treated cells was also determined. Following a 72 incubation, high potential cytotoxicity on MCF-7 cells was observed after SE treatment, followed by FE and FPE treatment. FE, FPE, and SE significantly inhibited cell growth at concentrations of 500, 1,000, and 250 µg/mL, respectively. Also, FE, FPE, and SE markedly suppressed migration of MCF-7 cells at concentrations of 500, 500, and 100 µg/mL, respectively. These results can be concluded that SE had the highest potential anticancer effect on MCF-7 cells when compared with FE and FPE. Thus, SE might be a potential source of preventative and therapeutic agents against breast cancer. Since most anticancer drugs cause ROS production in cancer cells and it is known that ROS induce cell death; therefore, cell apoptosis and ROS formation induced by SE were further studied. The results showed SE induced MCF-7 cell apoptosis in a concentration-dependent way. SE caused a significant increase in ROS formation when compared with the control group. Western blot analysis showed low levels of EGFR protein expression after SE-treated cells at 1,000 mg/mL. Therefore, besides ROS formation, it may be concluded that the downregulation of EGFR protein expression is potentially one of the fundamental mechanisms driving the anticancer effects of SE.
{"title":"Comparison of the potential of extracts from the flower, fruit pulp, and seed of Cassia fistula L. on MCF-7 breast cancer cell growth and cell migration","authors":"Supavadee BOONTHA, Benjaporn BURANRAT, Kamchai SAEPANG, Tasana PITAKSUTEEPONG","doi":"10.15835/nbha51313086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51313086","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the anticancer effects of extracts prepared from various parts of Cassia fistula L. (CF), i.e., flower extract (FE), fruit pulp extract (FPE) and seed extract (SE), on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The anticancer effects of the extracts were assessed for cell toxicity, cell proliferation, cell migration, cell apoptosis, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Effective cancer treatments have focused on inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling. Thus, the expression of EGFR protein after extract-treated cells was also determined. Following a 72 incubation, high potential cytotoxicity on MCF-7 cells was observed after SE treatment, followed by FE and FPE treatment. FE, FPE, and SE significantly inhibited cell growth at concentrations of 500, 1,000, and 250 µg/mL, respectively. Also, FE, FPE, and SE markedly suppressed migration of MCF-7 cells at concentrations of 500, 500, and 100 µg/mL, respectively. These results can be concluded that SE had the highest potential anticancer effect on MCF-7 cells when compared with FE and FPE. Thus, SE might be a potential source of preventative and therapeutic agents against breast cancer. Since most anticancer drugs cause ROS production in cancer cells and it is known that ROS induce cell death; therefore, cell apoptosis and ROS formation induced by SE were further studied. The results showed SE induced MCF-7 cell apoptosis in a concentration-dependent way. SE caused a significant increase in ROS formation when compared with the control group. Western blot analysis showed low levels of EGFR protein expression after SE-treated cells at 1,000 mg/mL. Therefore, besides ROS formation, it may be concluded that the downregulation of EGFR protein expression is potentially one of the fundamental mechanisms driving the anticancer effects of SE.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136035372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Rusu, C. Toader, Valentin C. Mihai, M. Florea, L. Moldovan
The paper presents soil analytical data and their interpretation from samples in long-term experiments as a result of NP, NPK and organo-mineral fertiliser applications in a stationary system for 20 years and wheat-maize-soybean rotation system. The results show that NP fertilisation (from ammonium nitrate and superphosphate) leads to acidification of soils (regardless of soil type) depending on increasing N a.i./ha. The acidification phenomenon is higher in typical preluvosol (taxonomically acidic soil) due to activation of adsorbed (potential) acidity and solubilisation of Al ions, with devolatilisation of adsorbent complex, which updates for this soil the need for correction of the reaction (pH) by means of calcium amendments. In contrast, for the alluvial mollisol, with neutral - weakly alkaline pH and higher humus % and high buffering capacity, the multiannual acidification due to N is reduced. NP, NPK mineral fertilisation, in balanced doses, can maintain the organic-C and humus content constant, balanced, within the specific limits of the soil type over a period of 20 years, with wheat-maize-soybean crop rotation. In contrast, amendment and processing conventional intensive tillage (on maize) decrease the content of these indicators, a phenomenon that can be attributed to the enhanced mineralisation of the soil organic component. Organic and organo-mineral fertilisation can lead to a favourable modelling of humus content. The mobile forms of the essential elements of nutrition and fertilisation (N, P, K) are improved in terms of their bioavailability with the objective that these forms will maintain their quantity and quality at the level required by crops and their supply by fertilisation technologies is ensured rationally and preventively for the soil-plant system. In summary, the analytical results from long-term experiments with fertilisers are of direct benefit to soils, their productivity and fertility, with the implementation of sustainability principles.
{"title":"Long-term experiments with fertilizers-essential fertility changes","authors":"M. Rusu, C. Toader, Valentin C. Mihai, M. Florea, L. Moldovan","doi":"10.15835/nbha51213201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51213201","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents soil analytical data and their interpretation from samples in long-term experiments as a result of NP, NPK and organo-mineral fertiliser applications in a stationary system for 20 years and wheat-maize-soybean rotation system. The results show that NP fertilisation (from ammonium nitrate and superphosphate) leads to acidification of soils (regardless of soil type) depending on increasing N a.i./ha. The acidification phenomenon is higher in typical preluvosol (taxonomically acidic soil) due to activation of adsorbed (potential) acidity and solubilisation of Al ions, with devolatilisation of adsorbent complex, which updates for this soil the need for correction of the reaction (pH) by means of calcium amendments. In contrast, for the alluvial mollisol, with neutral - weakly alkaline pH and higher humus % and high buffering capacity, the multiannual acidification due to N is reduced. NP, NPK mineral fertilisation, in balanced doses, can maintain the organic-C and humus content constant, balanced, within the specific limits of the soil type over a period of 20 years, with wheat-maize-soybean crop rotation. In contrast, amendment and processing conventional intensive tillage (on maize) decrease the content of these indicators, a phenomenon that can be attributed to the enhanced mineralisation of the soil organic component. Organic and organo-mineral fertilisation can lead to a favourable modelling of humus content. The mobile forms of the essential elements of nutrition and fertilisation (N, P, K) are improved in terms of their bioavailability with the objective that these forms will maintain their quantity and quality at the level required by crops and their supply by fertilisation technologies is ensured rationally and preventively for the soil-plant system. In summary, the analytical results from long-term experiments with fertilisers are of direct benefit to soils, their productivity and fertility, with the implementation of sustainability principles.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46713472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Romanian flora includes a high diversity of orchids, any with a high conservationist interest, but many 0f themnot yet sufficiently investigated from an ecological, phytosociological or genetic point of view. Phenotypically analysis is also scarce and only a few data have been published in relation to the effects of site factors on the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the family Orchidaceae. This study analyses the variability of two populations of Anacamptis coriophora, based on their coenological affiliations, morphological observations and biometrical measurements. The data were collected from two grassland areas in Romania Stoenesti, Vâlcea County and Cobia, Dâmbovița County. The results showed that both populations are influenced by temperature, light and humidity and develop normally under optimal conditions. In the most favorable conditions encountered in Vâlcea county, orchids offer the splendor of flowers for a long time. Orchids in our country usually bloom in March, sometimes lasting until August, they have a delicate appearance, varied colors and the most diverse perfumes. The information obtained regarding the morphological diversity of the two populations could be suitable for designing strategies for their conservation in both locations.
罗马尼亚的植物群包括多种多样的兰花，其中任何一种都有很高的保护兴趣，但其中许多还没有从生态学、植物社会学或遗传学的角度进行充分的研究。对兰科植物的表型分析也很少，只有少量的数据被发表，涉及场地因素对兰科植物形态和解剖特征的影响。本文从群落关系、形态观察和生物特征等方面分析了两种群的变异。数据收集于罗马尼亚Stoenesti (v lcea县)和Cobia (Dâmbovița县)两个草原地区。结果表明，两种群均受温度、光照和湿度的影响，在最佳条件下发育正常。在最有利的条件下，在武昌县，兰花长期提供了花的辉煌。我国的兰花通常在3月开花，有时持续到8月，它们的外观精致，颜色多样，香气最丰富。所获得的两个种群的形态多样性信息可用于设计其在两个地点的保护策略。
{"title":"Evaluation of phenotypic diversity in Anacamptis coriophora (Orchidaceae) populations from South Romania","authors":"M. Niculescu, P. Iancu, I. S. Nuță, O. Păniță","doi":"10.15835/nbha51213199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51213199","url":null,"abstract":"Romanian flora includes a high diversity of orchids, any with a high conservationist interest, but many 0f themnot yet sufficiently investigated from an ecological, phytosociological or genetic point of view. Phenotypically analysis is also scarce and only a few data have been published in relation to the effects of site factors on the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the family Orchidaceae. This study analyses the variability of two populations of Anacamptis coriophora, based on their coenological affiliations, morphological observations and biometrical measurements. The data were collected from two grassland areas in Romania Stoenesti, Vâlcea County and Cobia, Dâmbovița County. The results showed that both populations are influenced by temperature, light and humidity and develop normally under optimal conditions. In the most favorable conditions encountered in Vâlcea county, orchids offer the splendor of flowers for a long time. Orchids in our country usually bloom in March, sometimes lasting until August, they have a delicate appearance, varied colors and the most diverse perfumes. The information obtained regarding the morphological diversity of the two populations could be suitable for designing strategies for their conservation in both locations.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43887784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Abou-Elwafa, Mona M. Haffez, Atef F. Ahmed, A. Abou El-Yazied, K. Abdelaal
The shelf-life of fresh mushrooms is limited to 1-3 days at ambient conditions and antioxidant characters are reduced and acquire a brown colour during post-harvest storage. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of some postharvest exogenous edible coating treatments of immersed in six different solutions for 5 min of calcium chloride (2%, 4%), chitosan (1%, 2%), CMC (1%, 2%) and control (distilled water) on reducing the browning, microbial load and maintaining quality during storage for 15 days at 4 ± 1 °C and 95% RH, during two successive seasons of 2021 and 2022 in 4th and 6th of January in the first and second seasons respectively. The obtained results revealed that dipping mushroom plants in a solution of chitosan 2% or calcium chloride 4% was the best treatment for reducing weight loss, while chitosan 2% for 5 min was the most effective treatment in reducing browning, PPO activity, total phenolic, flavonoids contents and inhibiting microbial counts for 12 days at 4 ± 1 °C and 95% RH.
{"title":"Effect of postharvest exogenous edible coating treatments on inhibitor browning and maintaining quality of fresh mushroom","authors":"S. Abou-Elwafa, Mona M. Haffez, Atef F. Ahmed, A. Abou El-Yazied, K. Abdelaal","doi":"10.15835/nbha51213165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51213165","url":null,"abstract":"The shelf-life of fresh mushrooms is limited to 1-3 days at ambient conditions and antioxidant characters are reduced and acquire a brown colour during post-harvest storage. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of some postharvest exogenous edible coating treatments of immersed in six different solutions for 5 min of calcium chloride (2%, 4%), chitosan (1%, 2%), CMC (1%, 2%) and control (distilled water) on reducing the browning, microbial load and maintaining quality during storage for 15 days at 4 ± 1 °C and 95% RH, during two successive seasons of 2021 and 2022 in 4th and 6th of January in the first and second seasons respectively. The obtained results revealed that dipping mushroom plants in a solution of chitosan 2% or calcium chloride 4% was the best treatment for reducing weight loss, while chitosan 2% for 5 min was the most effective treatment in reducing browning, PPO activity, total phenolic, flavonoids contents and inhibiting microbial counts for 12 days at 4 ± 1 °C and 95% RH.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42604338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andreea-Loredana Moldovan, A. Odagiu, I. Moldovan, Catalina Dan, M. Cantor
Geraniums (pelargoniums or storksbills, officially named as Pelargonium zonale (L.) L'Hér. Ex Aiton) are appreciated worldwide due to their ornamental potential and versatility. The research was conducted to emphasize the evolution of morpho-decorative and qualitative traits of two geranium cultivars of high aesthetic value, namely ‘Tango Salmon’ (Montevideo) and ‘Tango Dark Red’, depending on two different fertilization, conventional-chemical fertilization, and unconventional scheme, with a homeopathic solution respectively. It is excessive repetitiveness and is not the case.) cultivar, unconventional fertilization scheme tested conducted to the best results regarding most morpho-decorative characters investigated (33.40 cm height, 21.10 leaves/plant, 34.75 flowers/inflorescence, 2.35% nitrogen, and 48.34 SPAD). For cultivar ‘Tango Dark Red’, the conventional fertilization conducted to the best results in terms of height (18.90 cm), stems/plant (5.90), leaves/plant (14.95), and flowers/inflorescence (37.55), while unconventional fertilization led to higher nitrogen accumulation (2.18%) and enhanced chlorophyll synthesis (47.08 SPAD). Between nitrogen and chlorophyll contents within geranium leaves, strong positive correlations were identified in ‘Tango Salmon’, and weak to moderate in ‘Tango Dark Red’ cultivar. Higher scores were attributed to aesthetic indicators for ‘Tango Salomon’ compared to ‘Tango Dark Red’. The unconventional fertilization of geranium cultivars is an eco-friendly solution for enhancing their morpho-decorative characteristics.
{"title":"The influence of fertilization on the morpho-decorative characteristics of geraniums (Pelargonium zonale)","authors":"Andreea-Loredana Moldovan, A. Odagiu, I. Moldovan, Catalina Dan, M. Cantor","doi":"10.15835/nbha51213173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51213173","url":null,"abstract":"Geraniums (pelargoniums or storksbills, officially named as Pelargonium zonale (L.) L'Hér. Ex Aiton) are appreciated worldwide due to their ornamental potential and versatility. The research was conducted to emphasize the evolution of morpho-decorative and qualitative traits of two geranium cultivars of high aesthetic value, namely ‘Tango Salmon’ (Montevideo) and ‘Tango Dark Red’, depending on two different fertilization, conventional-chemical fertilization, and unconventional scheme, with a homeopathic solution respectively. It is excessive repetitiveness and is not the case.) cultivar, unconventional fertilization scheme tested conducted to the best results regarding most morpho-decorative characters investigated (33.40 cm height, 21.10 leaves/plant, 34.75 flowers/inflorescence, 2.35% nitrogen, and 48.34 SPAD). For cultivar ‘Tango Dark Red’, the conventional fertilization conducted to the best results in terms of height (18.90 cm), stems/plant (5.90), leaves/plant (14.95), and flowers/inflorescence (37.55), while unconventional fertilization led to higher nitrogen accumulation (2.18%) and enhanced chlorophyll synthesis (47.08 SPAD). Between nitrogen and chlorophyll contents within geranium leaves, strong positive correlations were identified in ‘Tango Salmon’, and weak to moderate in ‘Tango Dark Red’ cultivar. Higher scores were attributed to aesthetic indicators for ‘Tango Salomon’ compared to ‘Tango Dark Red’. The unconventional fertilization of geranium cultivars is an eco-friendly solution for enhancing their morpho-decorative characteristics.","PeriodicalId":19364,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-napoca","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42605711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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