Nigerian Journal of Animal Production最新文献

{"title":"Association between growth hormone gene and growth traits in three colour type camel populations of Yobe state.","authors":"Ibrahim M. M., Raji A. O., Alade N. K., Lamido M,, Mohammed K., Musa I.","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i6.3837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i6.3837","url":null,"abstract":"The present and continues change in climate pose a serious challenge to livestock husbandry especially in arid and semi arid environment where heat stress significantly interfere with performance, thus the need for breeding drought tolerant species become imminent. In Nigeria, there is paucity of information on the association between growth hormone gene polymorphism and growth traits in camel population and therefore, the need to identify even within population genotype, that is most adapted to the local environment remain critical for effective breeding of camel for meat production. In literature camel has been identified as the best adapted animal of the desert. This research was conducted to study the association between growth hormone gene and growth traits. Morphometric traits recorded for each animal include body weight (BW); body length (BL); abdominal girth (AG); hearth girth (HG); front limb length (FLL); hind limb length (HLL) and shoulder height (SH) in three distinct color type populations camel. A total of one hundred (100) animals comprising thirty three (33) each of dark brown (JA), Brown black (KR) and Grey White (FR) from Yobe state were sampled for the study. A Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used which revealed two alleles (T and C) and three genotypic variants (TT, TC and CC) with varied frequencies. All the camel types were found to be carriers of T allele with frequencies ranging from 0.73 (GW) to 0.40 (KR) respectively. Those for C allele ranged from 0.27 (GW) to 0.60 (KR). Frequencies of TT, TC and CC genotypes in GW were 0.65, 0.15 and 0.20, respectively with corresponding value of 0.39, 0.26 and 0.35 recorded for JA while KR had 0.35, 0.11 and 0.54. The analyses of the morphometric traits revealed that GW camel had significantly higher means for BW (543.35 Kg), AG (160.85 cm), FL (139 cm), and SH (184.60 cm). However, it was observed that Sex had no effect on all the traits studied. The association between genotype and morphometric traits also showed that Camels with homozygous (TT) genotype had highest means for BW (482.48kg), BL (147.26 cm) and SH (179.90 cm) compared (TC) heterozygous 389.50 kg, 131.83 cm and 171.92 cm and 425.50 kg, 139.81 cm and 172.42 cm for (CC) homozygous. It was concluded that GW colour type camels had best growth traits values and animals with TT genotype appears to have better adaptation to the arid environment. Consequently, they could be selected for improve growth rate and meat production in camel population.
 
 
 
 
 Le changement climatique actuel et continu pose un sérieux défi à l'élevage, en particulier dans les environnements arides et semi-arides où le stress thermique interfère considérablement avec les performances, d’où la nécessité d'élever des espèces tolérantes à la sécheresse. Au Nigeria, il y a peu d'informations sur l'association entre le polymorphisme du gène de l'hormone de croissance et les","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth performance of broiler chickens fed diets containing graded levels of cereal processing offal as a replacement for maize","authors":"Yisa A. G., Edache J. A., Garba E., Dingle M.","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i6.3852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i6.3852","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of feeding diets containing graded levels of cereal processing offal as a replacement for maize on growth performance of broiler chickens was evaluated in this study. One hundred and ninety-five (195) day old broiler chicks were divided into five (5) groups of forty (39) birds. Each group was further divided into three replicates of thirteen (13) birds in a Completely Randomized Design. Five experimental diets were formulated such that offal obtained from processing of cereal grains replaced maize at 0 (control), 15, 30, 45 and 60 % in the diets given to the five groups of birds. The birds were brooded for 2 weeks using commercial broiler starter feeds after which they were allotted the various dietary treatment groups and fed the experimental diets for 6 weeks. For the overall pooled performance, results show that Average Daily Feed intake (159.96, 159.60, 158.97, 157.55, 161.23 g), Average Daily weight gains (65.94, 63.92, 64.33, 63.53, 63.24 g), Feed Conversion Ratio (2.27, 2.34, 2.32, 2.48, 2.39) and Feed Cost/Kg Gain (N 264.40, 266.44, 257.72, 269.92, 252.02) did not differ (P>0.05) between dietary treatment groups. However, feed cost per unit weight gain, though not significant between treatments was reducing with increasing levels of replacement of maize with cereal processing offal. Therefore, cereal processing offal can replace maize by up to 60 % in broiler diets without negative effect on growth performance.
 
 
 
 
 Les effets des régimes alimentaires contenant des niveaux gradués d'abats de transformation des céréales en remplacement du maïs sur les performances de croissance des poulets à griller ont été évalués dans cette étude. Cent quatre-vingt-quinze (195) poussins de chair âgés d'un jour ont été divisés en cinq (5) groupes de quarante (39) oiseaux. Chaque groupe a ensuite été divisé en trois répétitions de treize (13) oiseaux dans un plan entièrement randomisé. Cinq régimes expérimentaux ont été formulés de manière à ce que les abats issus de la transformation des grains de céréales remplacent le maïs à 0 (témoin), 15, 30, 45 et 60 % dans les régimes donnés aux cinq groupes d'oiseaux. Les oiseaux ont été couvés pendant 2 semaines en utilisant des aliments de démarrage pour poulets de chair commerciaux, après quoi ils ont été répartis dans les différents groupes de traitement diététique et nourris avec les régimes expérimentaux pendant 6 semaines. Pour la performance globale regroupée, les résultats montrent que l'apport alimentaire quotidien moyen (159,96, 159,60, 158,97, 157,55, 161,23 g), les gains de poids quotidiens moyens (65,94, 63,92, 64,33, 63,53, 63,24 g), le taux de conversion alimentaire (2,27, 2,34 , 2,32, 2,48, 2,39) et le coût des aliments/gain de kg (₦ 264,40, 266,44, 257,72, 269,92, 252,02) ne différaient pas (P> 0,05) entre les groupes de traitement diététique. Cependant, le coût de l'alimentation par unité de gain de poids, bien que non significatif entre les traiteme","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foetal Wastage and Disease Prevalence among Slaughtered Livestock in Maiduguri Abattoir","authors":"Mohammed A., Modu-Kagu H. A., Balami S. I., Abdulraheem A. O., Raji A. O., Alfred B.","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i6.3853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i6.3853","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to determine foetal wastage and disease prevalence among slaughtered livestock in Maiduguri Abattoir. Records were collected from the Management for the purpose of the study. These records include foetal wastage and record for some of the major diseases that affect the slaughtered animals which are tuberculosis, fascioliasis, pneumonia, contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), foot and mouth disease, dermotophilosis, cirrhosis, abscess, nodular worm and taeniasis. The overall mean values for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), pneumonia, tuberculosis, taeniasis, abscess, fascioliasis, nodular worm, dermotophilosis and cirrhosis were 5.10, 4.10, 11.32, 5.84, 3.34, 17.92, 7.04, 2.53 and 2.64 respectively. Fascioliasis had the highest overall mean value of 17.92 and Dermotophilosis had the lowest overall mean value of 2.53. The effect of seasons on disease prevalence indicated that CBPP, Fascioliasis and nodular worm were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the dry season. The effect of species on foetal wastage showed that there was significant difference (P<0.05) in CBPP, Tuberculosis, Taeniasis, Fascioliasis and Cirrhosis between species. These variations of prevalence may be due to personal and environmental hygiene and poor management of animals. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the effect of season and species on foetal losses. The effect of month on foetal loses indicated that May had the highest percentage of foetal loses with 65% for goats, 59% for sheep, 54% for cattle and 36% for camel respectively while January had the least percentage of foetal loses with 10% for goats and sheep, 8% for cattle and 2% for camel respectively.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; L'étude a été menée pour déterminer la mortalité fœtale et la prévalence des maladies parmi le bétail abattu à l'abattoir de Maiduguri. Les dossiers ont été recueillis auprès de la direction aux fins de l’étude. Ces registres incluent le gaspillage fœtal et enregistrent certaines des principales maladies qui affectent les animaux abattus, à savoir la tuberculose, la fasciolose, la pneumonie, la péripneumonie contagieuse bovine (PPCB), la fièvre aphteuse, la dermotophilose, la cirrhose, les abcès, les vers nodulaires et le taeniasis. Les valeurs moyennes globales pour la péripneumonie contagieuse bovine (PPCB), la pneumonie, la tuberculose, le taeniasis, l'abcès, la fasciolose, le ver nodulaire, la dermotophilose et la cirrhose étaient respectivement de 5,10, 4,10, 11,32, 5,84, 3,34, 17,92, 7,04, 2,53 et 2,64. La fasciolase avait la valeur moyenne globale la plus élevée de 17,92 et la dermatophilose avait la valeur moyenne globale la plus basse de 2,53. L'effet des saisons sur la prévalence de la maladie a indiqué que la PPCB, la fasciolase et le ver nodulaire étaient significativement plus élevés (P<0,05) pendant la saison sèche. L'effet des espèces sur la perte fœtale a montré qu'il y avait une différence significative (P <0,05) dans l","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Nutritive, textural and sensory attributes of frankfurter fortified with graded levels of edible Palm weevil larvae (Rhynchophorus phoenicis F)","authors":"Abo M. E., Awodoyin O. R., Adediran O. A., Omojola A. B.","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i6.3857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i6.3857","url":null,"abstract":"Consumption of excessive dietary fat has been linked to health-related diseases necessitating reduction of fat in meat products as a response to consumers’ preferences. Replacement of fat in frankfurter have been achieved with different ingredients. However, there is little information on Palm weevil larvae (PWL) as fat replacement in frankfurter. Hence, the quality of frankfurter incorporated with PWL was assessed. The PWL were cleaned, head removed and ground (GPWL). Frankfurter ingredients and production was done following standard procedures. Five treatments (T110% lard) T2, T3, T4 and T5 contains 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10% GPWL substituted for lard. Five independent replicates of each treatment were prepared separately. Yield, proximate composition, iodine value, fatty acid, Texture Profile Analysis (TPA) and sensory characteristics were determined using standard procedures. Data were subjected to ANOVA at Pα0.05 . The yield (80.38- 87.85%), crude protein (54.95- 67.55%) and ash (6.01-6.80%) contents of GPWL frankfurters were higher (P<0.05) while ether extract (15.50-18.10%) was (P<0.05) lower. The iodine values of 10% lard (1.73) and 2.5% GPWL frankfurters were not different (P>0.05) but these were significantly higher (P<0.05) than 0.40, 0.90 and 0.80 recorded for 5.0, 7.5 and 10% GPWL frankfurters, respectively. No statistical variation (P>0.05) exist among the selected fatty acids of the frankfurters. The TPA showed chewiness (16.40N) and hardness (48.58N) of 10% lard frankfurter were significantly (P<0.05) lower while the springiness (0.69) was higher (P<0.05). Sensory attributes revealed appearance (7.37; 7.03), flavour (7.53; 7.17), after taste (5.93; 6.00) and acceptability (7.73; 7.04) of 10% lard and 2.5% GPWL frankfurters, respectively were similar (P>0.05). Juiciness of 10% lard (6.80), 2.5%, (6.73), 5% (6.63) and 7.5% (6.57) GPWL frankfurters were similar (P>0.05). Partial replacement of lard with palm weevil larvae resulted in a more nourishing frankfurter however, replacement with lard should not exceed 5% in order to obtain frankfurter with good colour appeal and organoleptic characteristics.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; La consommation excessive de graisses alimentaires a été associée à des maladies liées à la santé nécessitant une réduction des graisses dans les produits carnés en réponse aux préférences des consommateurs. Le remplacement de la graisse dans la saucisse de Francfort a été réalisé avec différents ingrédients. Cependant, il existe peu d'informations sur les larves de charançon du palmier (LCP) comme substitut de graisse dans la saucisse de Francfort. Par conséquent, la qualité de la saucisse de Francfort incorporée au LCP a été évaluée. Les LCP ont été nettoyés, étêtés et meulés (GPWL). Les ingrédients et la production de Frankfurter ont été effectués selon des procédures standard. Cinq traitements (T110 % saindoux) T2, T3, T4 et T5 contiennent 2,5, 5,0, 7,5 et 10 % de GPWL substitué au saindoux. Cinq répliqu","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality and physicochemical characteristics of quails eggs obtained from quail hens fed diets containing graded levels of African black olive (Canarium schweinfurthil) leaf meal","authors":"Adelowo V. O., Oshibanjo D. O., Okpara J. O., Adediran O. A., David F.","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i6.3854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i6.3854","url":null,"abstract":"The poultry industry in the developing countries is facing some challenges one of which is increase in the cost of feed because of high prices of protein and energy sources. The incorporation of leaf meal is primarily expected to serve as alterative to protein and energy sources which could reduce the use of expensive protein-rich feed ingredients in broiler rations and, hence, reduce the cost of feeds. Therefore, this study seeks to evaluate the quality and physicochemical characteristics of quails eggs obtained from quail hens fed diets containing graded levels of African black olive (Canarium schweinfurthil) leaf meal. A total of 200 quail hens was used for this study. The hens were fed five dietary treatments with inclusion of African black olive leaf meal (ABOLM); Treatment (1), control, Treatment (2) 2.5%. ABOLM Treatment (3) 5.0%. ABOLM, Treatment (4) 7.5%. ABOLM and Treatment (5) 10.0%. ABOLM. There was no significant difference in yolk weight, yolk diameter, yolk ratio and yolk index. Yolk height was significantly higher in 2.5% African black olive leaf meal (ABOLM) (8.20 mm) with least yolk height in 10.0% ABOLM. Yolk colour was higher in Treatment 3 with lowest yolk colour in 2.5% ABOLM. Yolk PH was significantly higher in 5.0% ABOLM compared to other treatments. Oxidative rancidity was significantly higher in 7.5% ABOLM with least value obtained in 10.0% ABOLM. There were no significant differences obtained in all the parameters measured for the egg albumen characteristics. There was no significant difference in egg weight, length and width, yolk colour, albumen weight, height, length shape index and egg surface area. Yolk weight, yolk diameter, yolk ratio and oxidative rancidity were higher at day 5 with least value obtained at day 0. Meanwhile, day 0 was significant higher in yolk height, yolk index, albumen ratio and index, haugh unit, albumen and yolk PH. No significant differences were obtained in egg weight, length and width while shape index was significantly different with control at day 0 having the highest score (81.84) with least shape index in 5.0% Atili-based diet at day 5 (75.00). In all the yolk parameters measured, yolk ratio significantly differed in 2.5% and 7.5% ABOLM at day 5 respectively (31.67 %) with least yolk ratio obtained in 7.5% ABOLM at day 0 (21.48%). There was no significant difference observed in haugh unit, egg surface area, albumen and yolk PH. Where as, 2.5% ABOLM was significantly higher in oxidative rancidity at day 5 (1.05mg/g) with least oxidative rancidity in the same treatment at day 0. From the results obtained, quails can be fed up to 10.0% Atili leaf meal and their eggs kept to 10 days without any adverse effect on their quality.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; L'industrie de la volaille dans les pays en développement est confrontée à certains défis dont l'un est l'augmentation du coût des aliments en raison des prix élevés des protéines et des sources d'énergie. L'incorporation de farine ","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appraising the dose sensitivity of 21d-broiler chicks to a mono-component protease in high trypsin inhibitor soybean-based diet","authors":"Adeleye A. A., Melah K. L.","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i6.3861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i6.3861","url":null,"abstract":"Exogenous proteases are promoted for their ability to counteract the negative effects of antinutritional elements such as trypsin inhibitors in broiler chickens. This is because these anti-nutritional substances are proteinaceous, making them candidates for hydrolysis by proteases. However, there still is insufficient knowledge on the sensitivity of this phenomena to protease dosing, hence this study was designed to evaluate the dose sensitivity of broiler starter chickens fed a high trypsin inhibitor soyabean-based diet supplemented with a mono-component protease. Two hundred and sixty-four one-day-old chicks were divided into three treatments, each consisting of eight replicates and 11 chicks per replicate. The control group (C) were offered a corn-soybean-based diet contained 8.47 mg/g of trypsin inhibitor, while the other two groups were offered the control diet supplemented with 250 g/tonne (C+250) and 500 g/tonne (C+500) of a mono-component protease, Cibenza DP100, for 21 days. Blood was sampled for serum albumin, uric acid, creatinine, and total protein , and pancreas, liver, and mid-sections of the jejunum, and ileum were harvested for examination of organ and gut morphology. The findings demonstrated that feed conversion ratio improved with protease dosage, with the C+500 group demonstrating the highest efficiency (1.48 ± 0.22). Serum albumin, total protein, and uric acid levels also increased significantly (p<0.05) with birds fed diet C+500 having the highest values. In contrast, serum creatinine was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the control group. Protease supplementation also increased (p<0.05) villi height and crypt depth in both ileum and jejunum. The relative weight of the liver increased (p<0.05) while that of pancreas decreased (p<0.05) with supplemental protease. In conclusion, these findings suggest that supplementation of a high trypsin inhibitor soybean-based diet with a mono-component protease at 500g/tonne complete diet could be used to achieve better performance in 21-d old chickens.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Les protéases exogènes sont promues pour leur capacité à contrer les effets négatifs des éléments antinutritionnels tels que les inhibiteurs de la trypsine chez les poulets à griller. En effet, ces substances anti-nutritionnelles sont protéiques, ce qui en fait des candidats à l'hydrolyse par les protéases. Cependant, les connaissances sur la sensibilité de ce phénomène au dosage de la protéase sont encore insuffisantes. Cette étude a donc été conçue pour évaluer la sensibilité à la dose de poulets de chair nourris avec un régime à base de soja à haute teneur en inhibiteur de trypsine, complété par une protéase à un seul composant. Deux cent soixante-quatre poussins d'un jour ont été divisés en trois traitements, chacun consistant en huit répétitions et 11 poussins par répétition. Le groupe témoin (C) s'est vu proposer un régime à base de maïs-soja contenant 8,47 mg/g d'inhibiteur de trypsine, tandis que le","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of three commercial feeds on the growth performance of Hybrid Catfish (Heteroclarias) juveniles","authors":"Agbo N.","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i6.3839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i6.3839","url":null,"abstract":"The growth of aquaculture depends on good quality feed which has led to the importation of commercial feeds into the country. However, these imported feeds are usually not affordable by the average Nigerian fish farmer. To solve this problem different locally produced commercial fish feeds have also been introduced to the Nigerian market giving rise to many brands of fish feed. This study seeks to determine the effect of an imported commercial feed (feed A) and two locally produced commercial feeds (feed B and C) on growth and survival of Hybrid Catfish (Heteroclarias) juveniles. A total of one hundred and thirty-five (135) Hybrid Catfish (Heteroclarias) juveniles with mean weight 7.29±1.30g were fed the three commercial diets for 56 days (eight weeks). Fifteen juveniles were batched weighed and stocked in each 60-litre capacity circular plastic tanks. A triplicate trial was maintained for each commercial feed, giving nine tanks in all and 45 fishes per feed. Water quality parameters were within standard limits. Temperature was between 25.3-25.6℃, pH was 6.05-6.16.and dissolved oxygen was between 2.3- 2.45mg/l, 25.3-25.6℃, respectively. Fish fed imported commercial feed (feed A) and locally produced commercial feed (feed B) showed significant difference (P<0.05) in final weight and mean weight gain when compared with fishes fed locally produced commercial feed (feed C). The specific growth rate, food conversion ratio and survival rate did not show significant difference (P≥0.05) in all the three treatments. Fish fed imported commercial feed (feed A) had the highest mean weight gain followed by locally produced commercial feed (feed B) and locally produced commercial feed (feed C) which had the least. The estimated cost for producing 1kilogramme of fish for feed A was N560.48 while feed B and C was N506.20 and N666.51 respectively. In terms of feed conversion ratio, feed intake, cost of feed and value of fish produced, locally produced commercial feed (feed B) gave the lowest cost of producing a kilogramme of fish. Therefore, locally produced commercial feed (feed B) can be used for Heteroclarias production in plastic tanks.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; La croissance de l’aquaculture dépend d’aliments de bonne qualité, ce qui a conduit à l'importation d’aliments commerciaux dans le pays. Cependant, ces aliments importés ne sont généralement pas abordables pour le pisciculteur nigérian moyen. Pour résoudre ce problème, différents aliments commerciaux pour poissons produits localement ont également été introduits sur le marché nigérian, donnant naissance à de nombreuses marques d'aliments pour poissons. Cette étude vise à déterminer l'effet d'un aliment commercial importé (aliment A) et de deux aliments commerciaux produits localement (aliment B et C) sur la croissance et la survie des juvéniles de poisson-chat hybride (Heteroclarias). Au total, cent trente-cinq (135) juvéniles de poissons-chats hybrides (Heteroclarias) d'un poids moyen de 7,29","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of short distance travel on haematology, physiological and behavioural changes of sheep transported in the savanna area of Northern Nigeria","authors":"Sanusi M., Yusuf S., Komolafe P. L.","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i6.3858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i6.3858","url":null,"abstract":"Transportation is one of the stressful events in an animal’s life. Stress and injuries have been known to be associated with transportation especially short distance travels. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of short distance road transport stress on some Physiological and Hematological parameters in three breeds of sheep (Yankasa, Balami and Sudanese Fat tail) in Bauchi State, Nigeria. Twenty two physically healthy adult sheep (Rams 11 ewes 11, Yankasa and Balami, four each of rams and ewe were selected while three each for Sudanese fat tail) age 1.4-1.5 years old were transported from Hardawa (Misau LGA) to Bauchi covering a distance of 217 km for up to 3hr during the dry season. Physiological parameters (Rectal temperatures (RT), respiratory rates (RR), pulse rates (PR) and body weights (BW)) and Hematological parameters (Packed cell volume (PCV), White Blood Cell (WBC) Mean cell haemoglobin volume Red blood cell (RBC) and Mean Cell Haemoglobin (MCH)) were evaluated just before the start of the journey (0 Hr) and on arrival at the destination. Rectal temperatures (RT), respiratory rates (RR), pulse rates (PR) and body weights (BW) were measured before and after transportation using standard procedures. Behavioral changes and external injuries were also observed. The result showed a significant (P<0.01) increase in RT (in all the three breeds) and PR (in Balami and Sudanese fat tail) however, there was a decrease of BW, in Yankasa and Sudanese fat tail sheep. Significant (P<0.05) increase was observed in Red blood cell count (RBC) and Mean Cell Haemoglobin (MCH) in Balami breeds. In the fat tail Sudanese, there were significant (P<0.05) increase in Lymphocytes while decrease in Neutrophils (P<0.05) was observed. Glucose and ALP (Alkaline phosphatase) level significantly (P<0.05) increased in Balami and Fat tail Sudanese. Freeze, back-off, escape attempt, vocalization, kicking was observed among the breeds during transportation. In conclusion, apart from Body Weight loss (BW), short distance transportation and shorter duration has little deleterious effect on welfare of sheep in the study area.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Le transport est l’un des événements stressants de la vie d’un animal. Le stress et les blessures sont connus pour être associés au transport, en particulier aux déplacements sur de courtes distances. Cette étude a été conçue pour évaluer l’effet du stress du transport routier à courte distance sur certains paramètres physiologiques et hématologiques chez trois races de moutons (Yankasa, Balami et Sudanese Fat Tail) dans l’État de Bauchi, au Nigéria. Vingt-deux moutons adultes physiquement sains (Béliers 11 brebis 11, Yankasa et Balami, quatre de chacun des béliers et des brebis ont été sélectionnés tandis que trois chacun pour la queue grasse soudanaise) âgés de 1,4 à 1,5 ans ont été transportés de Hardawa (Misau LGA) à Bauchi couvrant une distance de 217 km pour un maximum de 3 heures pendant la saison sèc","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"68 E-2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Taurine and Sex on oxidative status of West African dwarf Sheep","authors":"Atte P. O., Zahraddeen D., Adulrashid M., Daudu O. M.","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i6.3840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i6.3840","url":null,"abstract":"Several studies have been carried out on the oxidative status of West African Dwarf (WAD) sheep as influenced by series of antioxidants. However, not much is documented on the use of taurine as an antioxidant. Thirty two WAD sheep involving both sexes (16 ewes and 16 rams) with an average weight of 12kg were fed taurine supplemented diets and evaluated in a Completely Randomized Design involving four dietary treatments with four replicates of two animals each containing 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5% levels of iinclusion of taurine. The study was carried out during the wet (July-October) and dry (January-April) seasons. Blood sample was collected and the following oxidative parameters were analyzed; catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). The result shows CAT activity increases significantly (P<0.05) with 1.5% inclusion level having the highest activity (107.08U/) while the control had the least (100.81U/mL). The least value of SOD (5.14U/mL) was recorded in animals fed the 0% dietary taurine while animals fed 1.5% had the highest activity (9.87U/mL). GST activity increases significantly (P<0.05) from 1.03 U/mL (0%) to 4.68U/mL (1.5%). The GPX varied from 1.14U/mL (0%) to 2.89U/mL (1.5%). CAT (108.61U/mL) is significantly (P<0.05) higher in ram compared to ewe (99.59U/mL). SOD (7.87U/mL) activity was higher in the ewe compared to ram (6.51U/mL). In addition, GST activity was higher in ram (3.06U/mL) compared to ram (1.95U/mL. GPX activity was not influenced by sex. It was concluded from this study that taurine supplemented diet had better antioxidant defense mechanism and significant effect on the sex of investigated WAD sheep. It was recommended that diet of WAD sheep could be supplemented with taurine for higher oxidative stability and protection against tissue damage.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Plusieurs études ont été menées sur le statut oxydatif des moutons West African Dwarf (WAD) tel qu'il est influencé par une série d'antioxydants. Cependant, peu de choses sont documentées sur l'utilisation de la taurine comme antioxydant. Trente-deux moutons WAD impliquant les deux sexes (16 brebis et 16 béliers) d'un poids moyen de 12 kg ont été nourris avec des régimes enrichis en taurine et évalués dans un plan complètement randomisé impliquant quatre traitements alimentaires avec quatre répétitions de deux animaux contenant chacun 0, 0,5, 1 et 1,5% niveaux d'inclusion de taurine. L'étude a été réalisée pendant les saisons humides (juillet-octobre) et sèches (janvier-avril). Un échantillon de sang a été prélevé et les paramètres oxydatifs suivants ont été analysés ; catalase (CAT), superoxyde dismutase (SOD), glutathion-S-transférase (GST) et glutathion peroxydase (GPX). Le résultat montre que l'activité CAT augmente de manière significative (P<0,05) avec un niveau d'inclusion de 1,5 % ayant l'activité la plus élevée (107,08 U/) alors que le contrôle en avait le moins (100,81 U/mL). La ","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of maize replacement with coconut cake on growth performance, carcass characteristics and cost analysis of Noiler strain of chicken","authors":"M. A. Ayoola, S. H. Ogunsipe, O. A. Dada","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i5.3760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i5.3760","url":null,"abstract":"Maize is one of the major ingredient and preferred cereal used in poultry ration formulation. It is preferred because of its high energy and low fibre content. However, the huge competition between man and livestock for maize has led to increase in its price and consequently necessitated a search for alternative feedstuffs that could adequately supply nutrients and at the same time reduce cost. The research was conducted to evaluate the effect of replacing maize with varying levels of coconut cake meal (CC) in the diet on the performance, carcass characteristics and economics of production of Noiler strain of chicken. Five treatment diets were formulated in which CC replaced maize at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% levels using a completely randomized design with two replications of ten birds per replicate. The study lasted for 8 weeks during which growth performance, carcass characteristics and economics of production were assessed at the end of the experiment. Feed intake was significantly higher (P<0.05) in Noiler fed 30-40% levels of maize replaced with CC when compared with the control. Also, test diets had no significant effect on the final weight, total and daily weight gain of birds fed the 40% level of maize replacement with CC when compared with the control. Price/Kg feed reduced with increased level of CC in the diet. Also, Price (N/Kg) processed weight of bird produced was significantly (P<0.05) lower in birds fed 40% level of maize replacement when compared with those fed 10% CC. Test diets exert no significant difference (P>0.05) on the percentage weight of primal parts and vital organs of the Noiler birds. It could therefore be suggested that maize could be replaced with CC up to 40% level in Noiler diet as this will reduce both the Price (N/Kg) of feed and the competition for maize between man and livestock.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Le maïs est l’un des principaux ingrédients et céréale préférée utilisée dans la formulation des rations de volaille. Il est préféré en raison de sa haute énergie et de sa faible teneur en fibres. Cependant, l’énorme concurrence entre l’homme et le bétail pour le maïs a entraîné une augmentation de son prix et a par conséquent nécessité la recherche d’aliments alternatifs qui pourraient fournir de manière adéquate les nutriments et en même temps réduire les coûts. La recherche a été menée pour évaluer l’effet du remplacement du maïs par des niveaux variables de tourteau de noix de coco (TN) dans l’alimentation sur les performances, les caractéristiques de la carcasse et l’économie de la production de la souche de poulet Noiler. Cinq régimes de traitement ont été formulés dans lesquels le TN a remplacé le maïs à des niveaux de 0, 10, 20, 30 et 40 % en utilisant une conception entièrement randomisée avec deux répétitions de dix oiseaux par répétition. L’étude a duré 8 semaines au cours desquelles les performances de croissance, les caractéristiques de la carcasse et l’économie de la production ont été éva","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}