Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10232671
H. Thiem, Daniel Brauda, Markus Schütz, B. Globisch, Miroslawa Malach
The wavelength range around 780 nm and 850 nm is extensively used for both high resolution spectroscopy and quantum technology (QT). For example, the D2 transition of cesium (Cs) and the D2 transition of rubidium (Rb) lie within these wavelength ranges. [1], [2] For compact spectrometers with high resolution and especially for QT of the second generation, compact and long-term stable systems are a prerequisite for the breakthrough of the technology. [3] In this paper we demonstrate a miniaturized fiber-coupled tapered amplifier (mini TA), which combines high output power, excellent beam properties $(mathrm{M}^{2} < 2)$ and high coherence in 14-pin butterfly package with collimated output beam. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time demonstration of a fiber-coupled TA in this power range with a collimated output beam in a hermetically sealed package.
{"title":"Fiber-Coupled Tapered Amplifier in a Hermetic 14-Pin Butterfly Package Emitting 3 W at 780 nm and More than 2.5 W at 850 nm","authors":"H. Thiem, Daniel Brauda, Markus Schütz, B. Globisch, Miroslawa Malach","doi":"10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10232671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10232671","url":null,"abstract":"The wavelength range around 780 nm and 850 nm is extensively used for both high resolution spectroscopy and quantum technology (QT). For example, the D2 transition of cesium (Cs) and the D2 transition of rubidium (Rb) lie within these wavelength ranges. [1], [2] For compact spectrometers with high resolution and especially for QT of the second generation, compact and long-term stable systems are a prerequisite for the breakthrough of the technology. [3] In this paper we demonstrate a miniaturized fiber-coupled tapered amplifier (mini TA), which combines high output power, excellent beam properties $(mathrm{M}^{2} < 2)$ and high coherence in 14-pin butterfly package with collimated output beam. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time demonstration of a fiber-coupled TA in this power range with a collimated output beam in a hermetically sealed package.","PeriodicalId":19477,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81354359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10231882
Fatima El Moussawi, Matthias Hofer, Siddharth Sivankutty, Andrea Bertoncini, D. Labat, A. Cassez, G. Bouwmans, Rosa Cossart, O. Vanvincq, C. Liberale, Hervé Rigneault, E. Andresen
The lensless endoscope represents the ultimate limit in miniaturization of imaging tools: an image can be transmitted by numerical or physical inversion of the mode scrambling process through a bare optical fiber. Lensless endoscopes featuring multicore fibers and spatial light modulators are well adapted for nonlinear imaging as they minimally distort ultrashort pulses in the time domain as opposed to multimode fibers [1]. And in earlier works, we had addressed the issues of imaging artifacts and bending sensitivity with an helically twisted multicore fiber with a sparse and aperiodic core layout in the transverse plane [2]. However sufficiently irradiating the sample plane remained a major challenge - particularly for the imaging of dim and challenging samples such as neurons in scattering media.
{"title":"Two-Photon Lensless Endoscopes with Multicore Fibers","authors":"Fatima El Moussawi, Matthias Hofer, Siddharth Sivankutty, Andrea Bertoncini, D. Labat, A. Cassez, G. Bouwmans, Rosa Cossart, O. Vanvincq, C. Liberale, Hervé Rigneault, E. Andresen","doi":"10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10231882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10231882","url":null,"abstract":"The lensless endoscope represents the ultimate limit in miniaturization of imaging tools: an image can be transmitted by numerical or physical inversion of the mode scrambling process through a bare optical fiber. Lensless endoscopes featuring multicore fibers and spatial light modulators are well adapted for nonlinear imaging as they minimally distort ultrashort pulses in the time domain as opposed to multimode fibers [1]. And in earlier works, we had addressed the issues of imaging artifacts and bending sensitivity with an helically twisted multicore fiber with a sparse and aperiodic core layout in the transverse plane [2]. However sufficiently irradiating the sample plane remained a major challenge - particularly for the imaging of dim and challenging samples such as neurons in scattering media.","PeriodicalId":19477,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"43 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81767209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10232225
P. Suret, M. Dufour, G. Roberti, G. El, F. Copie, S. Randoux
Soliton gases (SGs) represent large random soliton ensembles in physical systems that exhibit integrable dynamics at the leading order. SGs have been recently evidenced in optical and in water wave experiments [1], [2]. Nowadays, the question of the collective dynamics and statistical properties of SGs is an active research topic in statistical mechanics [3], mathematical physics [4], nonlinear physics [5] and constitutes a chapter of turbulence theory termed integrable turbulence [6].
{"title":"Refraction of a Soliton by a Soliton Gas in a Recirculating Fiber Loop","authors":"P. Suret, M. Dufour, G. Roberti, G. El, F. Copie, S. Randoux","doi":"10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10232225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10232225","url":null,"abstract":"Soliton gases (SGs) represent large random soliton ensembles in physical systems that exhibit integrable dynamics at the leading order. SGs have been recently evidenced in optical and in water wave experiments [1], [2]. Nowadays, the question of the collective dynamics and statistical properties of SGs is an active research topic in statistical mechanics [3], mathematical physics [4], nonlinear physics [5] and constitutes a chapter of turbulence theory termed integrable turbulence [6].","PeriodicalId":19477,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82079862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10231535
Clémentine Rouvière, David Barral, Antonin Grateau, Giacomo Sorelli, Ilya Karuseichyk, M. Walschaers, Nicolas Treps
Resolving light sources below the diffraction limit is a fundamental task both for astronomy and microscopy. Several recent works analysed this problem through the lens of quantum parameter estimation theory and proved that the separation between two point sources can be estimated at the quantum limit using intensity measurements after spatial-mode demultiplexing. We implement this technique and provide an optimal estimator based on a linear combination of demultiplexed intensity measurements [1]–[3]. Our experimental setup (see Fig. 1 (left)) allows for the generation of the images of two sources, with tunable mutual coherence, as well as for spatial mode demultiplexing to estimate their separation [4].
{"title":"Experimental Separation Estimation of Incoherent Optical Sources Reaching the Cramér-Rao Bound","authors":"Clémentine Rouvière, David Barral, Antonin Grateau, Giacomo Sorelli, Ilya Karuseichyk, M. Walschaers, Nicolas Treps","doi":"10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10231535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10231535","url":null,"abstract":"Resolving light sources below the diffraction limit is a fundamental task both for astronomy and microscopy. Several recent works analysed this problem through the lens of quantum parameter estimation theory and proved that the separation between two point sources can be estimated at the quantum limit using intensity measurements after spatial-mode demultiplexing. We implement this technique and provide an optimal estimator based on a linear combination of demultiplexed intensity measurements [1]–[3]. Our experimental setup (see Fig. 1 (left)) allows for the generation of the images of two sources, with tunable mutual coherence, as well as for spatial mode demultiplexing to estimate their separation [4].","PeriodicalId":19477,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"41 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78822694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10232096
R. Duquennoy, M. Colautti, P. Lombardi, R. Emadi, C. Toninelli
Single molecules of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in suitable host matrices are known for emitting with high quantum efficiency in very narrow and stable zero-phonon lines (ZPL) [1]. For our experiments we used dibenzotherrylene (DBT) molecule inserted as impurity in anthracene (Ac) nanocrystals, dispersed on a gold substrate and cooled down to 3 K in a closed-cycle cryostat. DBT in Ac features a single-photon dipole-allowed transition around 784 nm. Each molecule is namely identical but environmental conditions like local trapped charges or crystal strain can shift the frequency of its transition in a range of approximately 1 nm [2]. Those static differences alongside any instantaneous interaction with the environment can degrade the ability of the emitted photons to undergo two-photon interference (TPI).
{"title":"Quantum Interference with Single Molecules: Steps Towards a Competitive Single-Photon Source","authors":"R. Duquennoy, M. Colautti, P. Lombardi, R. Emadi, C. Toninelli","doi":"10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10232096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10232096","url":null,"abstract":"Single molecules of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in suitable host matrices are known for emitting with high quantum efficiency in very narrow and stable zero-phonon lines (ZPL) [1]. For our experiments we used dibenzotherrylene (DBT) molecule inserted as impurity in anthracene (Ac) nanocrystals, dispersed on a gold substrate and cooled down to 3 K in a closed-cycle cryostat. DBT in Ac features a single-photon dipole-allowed transition around 784 nm. Each molecule is namely identical but environmental conditions like local trapped charges or crystal strain can shift the frequency of its transition in a range of approximately 1 nm [2]. Those static differences alongside any instantaneous interaction with the environment can degrade the ability of the emitted photons to undergo two-photon interference (TPI).","PeriodicalId":19477,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78946411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec57999.2023.10231441
George Kountouris, Lea Vestergaard, Anne Sofie Darket, J. Mørk, P. Kristensen
Deterministic fabrication of quantum dots in optical devices is a long-standing challenge for future integrated photonics and electronics applications. Current approaches typically rely on alignment or transfer techniques [1], but the scalability is limited by the unavoidable introduction of uncertainty in both the geometry and the positioning of the dots. In this work, we present a lithographically defined quantum dot integrated with a nanostructured optical cavity with sub-wavelength confinement of light. The design is based on an optical bowtie cavity [2] in an InP dielectric membrane with an embedded InGaAsP quantum well. By modifying the central bowtie geometry, the structure can be made to support localized electron-hole states in the region of the optical hotspot. The concept is illustrated in Fig. 1.
{"title":"A Lithographically Defined Quantum Dot with Simultaneous Sub-Wavelength Confinement of Light","authors":"George Kountouris, Lea Vestergaard, Anne Sofie Darket, J. Mørk, P. Kristensen","doi":"10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec57999.2023.10231441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec57999.2023.10231441","url":null,"abstract":"Deterministic fabrication of quantum dots in optical devices is a long-standing challenge for future integrated photonics and electronics applications. Current approaches typically rely on alignment or transfer techniques [1], but the scalability is limited by the unavoidable introduction of uncertainty in both the geometry and the positioning of the dots. In this work, we present a lithographically defined quantum dot integrated with a nanostructured optical cavity with sub-wavelength confinement of light. The design is based on an optical bowtie cavity [2] in an InP dielectric membrane with an embedded InGaAsP quantum well. By modifying the central bowtie geometry, the structure can be made to support localized electron-hole states in the region of the optical hotspot. The concept is illustrated in Fig. 1.","PeriodicalId":19477,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78948994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10231402
A. de Andres, S. Bhadoria, J. Marmolejo, A. Muschet, Peter Fischer, A. Gonoskov, Dag Hanstorp, Mattias Marklund, Laszlo Veisz
Vacuum laser acceleration (VLA) is a paradigm that utilizes the strong fields of focused laser light to accelerate electrons in vacuum. Despite its conceptual simplicity and a large existing collection of theoretical studies, realizing VLA in practice has proven remarkably challenging due to the difficulties associated with efficient injection: the electrons to be accelerated must be pre-energized and temporally compressed below an optical half-cycle before timely entering the rapidly oscillating fields of the laser. Therefore, only a handful of experiments have been published up to date, and a knowledge gap remains [1–3].
{"title":"Vacuum Laser Acceleration of Electrons Injected from Nanotips","authors":"A. de Andres, S. Bhadoria, J. Marmolejo, A. Muschet, Peter Fischer, A. Gonoskov, Dag Hanstorp, Mattias Marklund, Laszlo Veisz","doi":"10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10231402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10231402","url":null,"abstract":"Vacuum laser acceleration (VLA) is a paradigm that utilizes the strong fields of focused laser light to accelerate electrons in vacuum. Despite its conceptual simplicity and a large existing collection of theoretical studies, realizing VLA in practice has proven remarkably challenging due to the difficulties associated with efficient injection: the electrons to be accelerated must be pre-energized and temporally compressed below an optical half-cycle before timely entering the rapidly oscillating fields of the laser. Therefore, only a handful of experiments have been published up to date, and a knowledge gap remains [1–3].","PeriodicalId":19477,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"358 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76311044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec57999.2023.10232569
P. Micheletti, U. Senica, A. Forrer, S. Cibella, Guido Torrioli, Martin Frankié, J. Faist, Mattias Beckl, G. Scalari
Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCL) based on cicular cavities are rapidly progressing as possible sources pf optical solitons [1], [2]. We report soliton formation in dispersion compensated THz ring QCLs [1]. The laser cavity consists of two concentric double metal ring waveguides, designed to support a symmetric and anti-symmetric super-mode where the global GVD is respectively enhanced or decreased [3](Fig. 1 a-b). The two super-modes feature different overlap factors, therefore the laser naturally selects the anti-symmetric super-mode which exhibits negative GVD.
基于环形腔的量子级联激光器(QCL)作为光孤子的可能源正在迅速发展[1]，[2]。我们报道了色散补偿太赫兹环qcl中的孤子形成[1]。激光腔由两个同心双金属环形波导组成，设计用于支持对称和反对称超模，其中全局GVD分别增强或降低[3](图3)。1 a - b)。两种超模的重叠因子不同，因此激光自然选择负GVD的反对称超模。
{"title":"THz Optical Solitons in Planarized Quantum Cascade Double Ring Lasers","authors":"P. Micheletti, U. Senica, A. Forrer, S. Cibella, Guido Torrioli, Martin Frankié, J. Faist, Mattias Beckl, G. Scalari","doi":"10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec57999.2023.10232569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec57999.2023.10232569","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCL) based on cicular cavities are rapidly progressing as possible sources pf optical solitons [1], [2]. We report soliton formation in dispersion compensated THz ring QCLs [1]. The laser cavity consists of two concentric double metal ring waveguides, designed to support a symmetric and anti-symmetric super-mode where the global GVD is respectively enhanced or decreased [3](Fig. 1 a-b). The two super-modes feature different overlap factors, therefore the laser naturally selects the anti-symmetric super-mode which exhibits negative GVD.","PeriodicalId":19477,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"73 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76431312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10232045
V. Sorianello, A. Montanaro, M. Giambra, Nadia Ligato, Wolfgang Templ, P. Galli, Marco Romagnoli
Graphene is a 2D gapless material with electrically tunable optical properties that can operate over an ultra-wide optical spectrum. Graphene wafer scale films can be grown through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and transferred on passive waveguide platforms at low temperature [1]. Photonic integrated devices for efficient and fast electro-absorption and electro-refraction modulation [2] have been demonstrated so far, as well as ultra-fast photodetection [3]. Graphene integrated photonics is an emerging technology with great potential for many photonic applications, from sensing to datacom/telecom [4]. Here, we show the first graphene photonic I/Q modulator based on a nested Mach-Zehnder loaded with $100 mu mathrm{m}$ long graphene EAMs, and demonstrate 40 Gb/s quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation. The device consists of a passive nested MZI where the child MZIs' arms are equipped with graphene EAMs and thermal phase shifters (TPS), while the parent arms are provided with only TPSs to set the quadrature phase shift $(pi/2)$. The principle of operation of the nested I/Q MZM consists in the generation of binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation at the outputs of the child MZMs obtained by driving the EAMs with differential signals [5], i.e. one with DATA signal and one with inverse DATA signal. By adding a constant $pi$ shift with the integrated TPS, the output is a perfectly symmetric BPSK. The output of the two child MZIs are then combined in the parent MZI which builds the QPSK signal from the two BPSKs after introducing a $(pi/2)$ phase shift with the TPS. We used a dual differential channels 100 GS/s DAC to generate the binary signals, properly amplified by two >40GHz dual channel driver amplifiers. Off-line DSP was performed to extract the QPSK constellation diagrams after coherent reception with a real-time oscilloscope.
石墨烯是一种二维无间隙材料，具有电可调的光学特性，可以在超宽的光谱范围内工作。石墨烯薄膜可以通过化学气相沉积(CVD)生长，并在低温下转移到无源波导平台上。目前已经证明了高效、快速的电吸收和电折射调制的光子集成器件[2]，以及超快速的光探测[3]。石墨烯集成光子学是一项新兴技术，在从传感到数据通信/电信[4]的许多光子应用中具有巨大的潜力。在这里，我们展示了第一个基于嵌套Mach-Zehnder加载$100 mu mathrm{m}$长石墨烯eam的石墨烯光子I/Q调制器，并演示了40 Gb/s的正交相移键控(QPSK)调制。该装置由一个被动嵌套MZI组成，其中子MZI的手臂配备了石墨烯eam和热移相器(TPS)，而父手臂仅提供TPS来设置正交相移$(pi/2)$。嵌套I/Q MZM的工作原理是在用差分信号[5]驱动eam获得的子MZM的输出处产生二进制相移键控(BPSK)调制，即一个带DATA信号，一个带逆DATA信号。通过在集成TPS中添加一个常数$pi$移位，输出是一个完全对称的BPSK。然后将两个子MZI的输出组合在父MZI中，父MZI在与TPS引入$(pi/2)$相移后从两个bpsk构建QPSK信号。我们使用双差分通道100gs /s DAC来产生二进制信号，并通过两个>40GHz双通道驱动放大器进行适当放大。利用实时示波器进行相干接收后的QPSK星座图提取。
{"title":"Graphene Photonics Nested Mach-Zehnder Modulator for Advanced Modulation Formats","authors":"V. Sorianello, A. Montanaro, M. Giambra, Nadia Ligato, Wolfgang Templ, P. Galli, Marco Romagnoli","doi":"10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10232045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10232045","url":null,"abstract":"Graphene is a 2D gapless material with electrically tunable optical properties that can operate over an ultra-wide optical spectrum. Graphene wafer scale films can be grown through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and transferred on passive waveguide platforms at low temperature [1]. Photonic integrated devices for efficient and fast electro-absorption and electro-refraction modulation [2] have been demonstrated so far, as well as ultra-fast photodetection [3]. Graphene integrated photonics is an emerging technology with great potential for many photonic applications, from sensing to datacom/telecom [4]. Here, we show the first graphene photonic I/Q modulator based on a nested Mach-Zehnder loaded with $100 mu mathrm{m}$ long graphene EAMs, and demonstrate 40 Gb/s quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation. The device consists of a passive nested MZI where the child MZIs' arms are equipped with graphene EAMs and thermal phase shifters (TPS), while the parent arms are provided with only TPSs to set the quadrature phase shift $(pi/2)$. The principle of operation of the nested I/Q MZM consists in the generation of binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation at the outputs of the child MZMs obtained by driving the EAMs with differential signals [5], i.e. one with DATA signal and one with inverse DATA signal. By adding a constant $pi$ shift with the integrated TPS, the output is a perfectly symmetric BPSK. The output of the two child MZIs are then combined in the parent MZI which builds the QPSK signal from the two BPSKs after introducing a $(pi/2)$ phase shift with the TPS. We used a dual differential channels 100 GS/s DAC to generate the binary signals, properly amplified by two >40GHz dual channel driver amplifiers. Off-line DSP was performed to extract the QPSK constellation diagrams after coherent reception with a real-time oscilloscope.","PeriodicalId":19477,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"33 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75968519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10232664
C. Sharp, Chaitanya K. Mididoddi, Philipp del Hougne, Simon Horsley, D. B. Phillips
The scattering of light was once thought to fundamentally limit imaging through opaque samples, as transmitted light becomes spatially scrambled. However, scattering effects can be captured by measurement of the Transmission Matrix (TM) - a linear matrix operator mathematically encapsulating how incident fields will be transformed into new fields on the other side of the scattering medium [1]. Knowledge of a scattering sample's TM enables the scrambling of optical fields to be reversed, and imaging through or inside opaque media becomes possible. Despite these successes, TM-based approaches generally require that the scattering medium remains completely static while the TM is measured and applied. Spatial control of light propagating through dynamic scattering systems remains a very challenging open problem [2], [3].
{"title":"Steering Stable Light Fields Through Dynamic Scattering Media","authors":"C. Sharp, Chaitanya K. Mididoddi, Philipp del Hougne, Simon Horsley, D. B. Phillips","doi":"10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10232664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC57999.2023.10232664","url":null,"abstract":"The scattering of light was once thought to fundamentally limit imaging through opaque samples, as transmitted light becomes spatially scrambled. However, scattering effects can be captured by measurement of the Transmission Matrix (TM) - a linear matrix operator mathematically encapsulating how incident fields will be transformed into new fields on the other side of the scattering medium [1]. Knowledge of a scattering sample's TM enables the scrambling of optical fields to be reversed, and imaging through or inside opaque media becomes possible. Despite these successes, TM-based approaches generally require that the scattering medium remains completely static while the TM is measured and applied. Spatial control of light propagating through dynamic scattering systems remains a very challenging open problem [2], [3].","PeriodicalId":19477,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"81 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76023457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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