Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-14-18
A. Satanova, D. Kaidarova, E. Kukubassov, T. Sadykova, R. Bolatbekova, O. Bertleuov, D. Kaldybekov
Relevance: Currently, in the world, including Kazakhstan, the increasing number of new cervical cancer cases among women of reproductive age is a socio-demographic problem. The increase in cervical cancer incidence among young women, the high prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among young sexually active women, the lack of screening programs for the early detection of cervical cancer in young women, the need to take urgent measures to increase awareness of young women about risk factors for cervical cancer and methods of prevention and determined the relevance of this study. The study aimed to estimate the awareness, identify risk factors for cervical cancer, and assess the state of reproductive health of young women of Almaty by questioning. Methods: The article presents an analytical study of the intermediate results of a survey of young women aged 18 to 32 years and living in Almaty. Participants received full information on the upcoming survey. The questionnaire collected information on socio-demographic data, awareness of cervical cancer prevention, and women’s gynecological history. The questionnaire contained 30 questions in total and took 10 minutes to complete. Results: Among young women in Almaty, low awareness of primary and secondary prevention of cervical cancer was revealed in all age groups. The most common risk factors for cervical cancer among young women in Almaty were an early onset of sexual activity, smoking, and hormonal contraceptive uptake. Conclusion: The survey showed the problem of low awareness of girls about cervical cancer and the risk factors for developing cervical cancer. Based on these data, we can state the need for educational work on these issues among young people.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF AWARENESS AND RISK FACTORS FOR CERVICAL CANCER AMONG YOUNG WOMEN IN ALMATY","authors":"A. Satanova, D. Kaidarova, E. Kukubassov, T. Sadykova, R. Bolatbekova, O. Bertleuov, D. Kaldybekov","doi":"10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-14-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-14-18","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Currently, in the world, including Kazakhstan, the increasing number of new cervical cancer cases among women of reproductive age is a socio-demographic problem. The increase in cervical cancer incidence among young women, the high prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among young sexually active women, the lack of screening programs for the early detection of cervical cancer in young women, the need to take urgent measures to increase awareness of young women about risk factors for cervical cancer and methods of prevention and determined the relevance of this study. \u0000The study aimed to estimate the awareness, identify risk factors for cervical cancer, and assess the state of reproductive health of young women of Almaty by questioning. \u0000Methods: The article presents an analytical study of the intermediate results of a survey of young women aged 18 to 32 years and living in Almaty. Participants received full information on the upcoming survey. The questionnaire collected information on socio-demographic data, awareness of cervical cancer prevention, and women’s gynecological history. The questionnaire contained 30 questions in total and took 10 minutes to complete. \u0000Results: Among young women in Almaty, low awareness of primary and secondary prevention of cervical cancer was revealed in all age groups. The most common risk factors for cervical cancer among young women in Almaty were an early onset of sexual activity, smoking, and hormonal contraceptive uptake. \u0000Conclusion: The survey showed the problem of low awareness of girls about cervical cancer and the risk factors for developing cervical cancer. Based on these data, we can state the need for educational work on these issues among young people.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80611271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-50-53
M. Selivanov, L. Turgunova, A. Zinchenko, O. Bruner
Relevance: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a rare underlying cause of benign lymphadenopathy, typically accompanied by fever and fatigue. Diagnosing this rare condition causes difficulties. Even though more than half a century has passed since the first described case, KFD is still hard to diagnose. Therefore it is of utmost importance to perform all the necessary diagnostic tests to avoid misdiagnosing and prescribing the wrong and often too-aggressive treatment. This article describes the first clinical case of KFD in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study aimed to share the clinical course and the specifics of a diagnostic search involving histological and immunohistochemical tests in KFD. Methods: The paper describes a clinical case of KFD. Results: We reported a case of KFD in a 35-year-old man who applied for cervical lymphadenopathy and fever. The diagnosis was made on histological and immunohistochemical analysis of a lymph node. Rapid regression of lymphadenopathy marked the evolution of the disease. Conclusion: This clinical observation describes a rare case of KFD; its cases have not been previously described in Kazakhstan. KFD is prone to the benign course and spontaneous regression. However, difficulties remain in KFD diagnosis since symptoms such as lymphadenopathy and fever more often resemble lymphoma or tuberculosis. Non-tumor lymphadenopathy can also produce high metabolic activity manifested by an intensive accumulation of radiopharmaceuticals, according to PET-CT. Clinicians should be highly suspicious of KFD in young patients with cervical lymphadenopathy and fever to avoid misdiagnosis.
{"title":"KIKUCHI-FUJIMOTO DISEASE: THE FIRST CLINICAL OBSERVATION OF A RARE CASE IN KAZAKHSTAN","authors":"M. Selivanov, L. Turgunova, A. Zinchenko, O. Bruner","doi":"10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-50-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-50-53","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a rare underlying cause of benign lymphadenopathy, typically accompanied by fever and fatigue. Diagnosing this rare condition causes difficulties. Even though more than half a century has passed since the first described case, KFD is still hard to diagnose. Therefore it is of utmost importance to perform all the necessary diagnostic tests to avoid misdiagnosing and prescribing the wrong and often too-aggressive treatment. This article describes the first clinical case of KFD in the Republic of Kazakhstan. \u0000The study aimed to share the clinical course and the specifics of a diagnostic search involving histological and immunohistochemical tests in KFD. \u0000Methods: The paper describes a clinical case of KFD. \u0000Results: We reported a case of KFD in a 35-year-old man who applied for cervical lymphadenopathy and fever. The diagnosis was made on histological and immunohistochemical analysis of a lymph node. Rapid regression of lymphadenopathy marked the evolution of the disease. \u0000Conclusion: This clinical observation describes a rare case of KFD; its cases have not been previously described in Kazakhstan. KFD is prone to the benign course and spontaneous regression. However, difficulties remain in KFD diagnosis since symptoms such as lymphadenopathy and fever more often resemble lymphoma or tuberculosis. Non-tumor lymphadenopathy can also produce high metabolic activity manifested by an intensive accumulation of radiopharmaceuticals, according to PET-CT. Clinicians should be highly suspicious of KFD in young patients with cervical lymphadenopathy and fever to avoid misdiagnosis.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72876722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-30-35
M. Reutovich, O. Krasko, A. Ivanov
Relevance: Given the high biological aggressiveness of infiltrative gastric cancer warranting a need for a multimodal approach to its radical treatment employing adjuvant perfusion thermochemotherapy (HIPEC) and systemic adjuvant polychemotherapy, the goal of the present study was to assess the efficacy and expediency of such an approach. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a combination of HIPEC and systemic adjuvant polychemotherapy in patients radically operated on for infiltrative forms of gastric cancer pT4a-bN0-3M0. Methods: The study examined the long-term results of radical treatment for gastric cancer in 141 patients (pT4a-bN0-3M0, Borrmann type III-IV). Of them, 18 patients underwent a multimodal treatment, including radical surgery in combination with HIPEC and systemic adjuvant polychemotherapy (ACT) (oxaliplatin 100 mg/m2 (on day 1 of the cycle), capecitabine 1,000 mg/m2 or tegafur 10-15 mg/kg (2 times per day, on days 1-14 of the cycle, with a 7-day break between cycles, 8 cycles) – HIPEC/ACT group. For comparison purposes, we used the data on 55 radically operated patients (surgery control) and 68 other patients who underwent radical surgery in combination with HIPEC (cisplatin 50 mg/m2 + doxorubicin 50 mg/m2, 420C, one hour). The long-term treatment results were evaluated using competing risks analysis, the Kaplan-Meier multiplier method, and multivariate analysis (Cox and Fine-Gray models). Results: The multimodal treatment group showed a decrease in unfavorable outcomes associated with tumor progression – β = -2.14; RR 0.12 (95% CI 0.04-0.38), р<0.001, as well as a decrease in the risk of carcinomatosis – β = -1.99; RR 0.14 (95% CI 0.04-0.44), р<0,001; and improvement in 5-year survival rates (as compared with the control groups), viz.: adjusted survival – 81.9±9.5% (р=0.003); progression-free survival – 82.2±9.3% (р<0.001); and dissemination-free survival – 81.9±9.5% (р<0.001). Conclusion: It is advisable to supplement the standard approach for infiltrative gastric cancer (radical surgery and systemic polychemotherapy) with perfusion HIPEC to prolong the remission of the tumor process.
相关性:考虑到浸润性胃癌的高生物侵袭性，需要采用多模式的方法进行辅助灌注热化疗(HIPEC)和全身辅助多化疗，本研究的目的是评估这种方法的有效性和便利性。本研究旨在评价HIPEC联合全身辅助多化疗在浸润性胃癌pT4a-bN0-3M0根治性手术患者中的疗效。方法:对141例pT4a-bN0-3M0, Borrmann III-IV型胃癌患者根治性治疗的远期疗效进行研究。其中，18例患者接受了多模式治疗，包括根治性手术联合HIPEC和全身辅助多化疗(ACT)(奥沙利铂100 mg/m2(周期第1天)，卡培他滨1000 mg/m2或替加富10-15 mg/kg(每天2次，周期第1-14天，周期之间7天休息，8个周期)- HIPEC/ACT组。为了比较，我们使用了55例根治性手术患者(手术对照组)和68例根治性手术联合HIPEC患者(顺铂50mg /m2 +阿霉素50mg /m2, 420C, 1小时)的数据。采用竞争风险分析、Kaplan-Meier乘数法和多变量分析(Cox和Fine-Gray模型)对长期治疗结果进行评估。结果:多模式治疗组与肿瘤进展相关的不良结局降低- β = -2.14;RR 0.12 (95% CI 0.04-0.38)， r <0.001，以及癌变风险的降低- β = -1.99;Rr 0.14 (95% ci 0.04-0.44)， r < 0.001;5年生存率的改善(与对照组相比)，即:调整生存率- 81.9±9.5% (χ =0.003);无进展生存期- 82.2±9.3% (p <0.001);无播散生存率- 81.9±9.5% (p <0.001)。结论:浸润性胃癌在标准入路(根治性手术加全身多化疗)的基础上辅以HIPEC灌注可延长肿瘤缓解期。
{"title":"RESULTS OF USING ADJUVANT PERFUSION CHEMOTHERAPY IN RADICAL TREATMENT OF INFILTRATIVE GASTRIC CANCER","authors":"M. Reutovich, O. Krasko, A. Ivanov","doi":"10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-30-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-30-35","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Given the high biological aggressiveness of infiltrative gastric cancer warranting a need for a multimodal approach to its radical treatment employing adjuvant perfusion thermochemotherapy (HIPEC) and systemic adjuvant polychemotherapy, the goal of the present study was to assess the efficacy and expediency of such an approach. \u0000The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a combination of HIPEC and systemic adjuvant polychemotherapy in patients radically operated on for infiltrative forms of gastric cancer pT4a-bN0-3M0. \u0000Methods: The study examined the long-term results of radical treatment for gastric cancer in 141 patients (pT4a-bN0-3M0, Borrmann type III-IV). Of them, 18 patients underwent a multimodal treatment, including radical surgery in combination with HIPEC and systemic adjuvant polychemotherapy (ACT) (oxaliplatin 100 mg/m2 (on day 1 of the cycle), capecitabine 1,000 mg/m2 or tegafur 10-15 mg/kg (2 times per day, on days 1-14 of the cycle, with a 7-day break between cycles, 8 cycles) – HIPEC/ACT group. For comparison purposes, we used the data on 55 radically operated patients (surgery control) and 68 other patients who underwent radical surgery in combination with HIPEC (cisplatin 50 mg/m2 + doxorubicin 50 mg/m2, 420C, one hour). The long-term treatment results were evaluated using competing risks analysis, the Kaplan-Meier multiplier method, and multivariate analysis (Cox and Fine-Gray models). \u0000Results: The multimodal treatment group showed a decrease in unfavorable outcomes associated with tumor progression – β = -2.14; \u0000RR 0.12 (95% CI 0.04-0.38), р<0.001, as well as a decrease in the risk of carcinomatosis – β = -1.99; RR 0.14 (95% CI 0.04-0.44), р<0,001; and improvement in 5-year survival rates (as compared with the control groups), viz.: adjusted survival – 81.9±9.5% (р=0.003); progression-free survival – 82.2±9.3% (р<0.001); and dissemination-free survival – 81.9±9.5% (р<0.001). \u0000Conclusion: It is advisable to supplement the standard approach for infiltrative gastric cancer (radical surgery and systemic polychemotherapy) with perfusion HIPEC to prolong the remission of the tumor process.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75114981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-68-72
К. Toleutaiuly, U. Zhumashev, T. Sadykova, S. Yessenkulova, A. Jakipbayeva, A. Akbar
Candidate of Medical Sciences, professor, radiologist of the highest category, and experienced teacher Sain Sadykovich Sadykov was born on February 6, 1943, in the village of Taskabak (Oymaut), Bayganinsky district of Aktobe region. In 1991 he defended his Ph.D. thesis. The introduction of his developments into healthcare practice has improved the quality of life of patients with lung, esophageal, uterine, and pharyngeal cancers. “Teaching is a very responsible and necessary profession from the point of view of educating young doctors,” says Sain Sadykovich. “A teacher should teach but also educate students with special care and diligence.” Sain Sadykov is the author of more than 230 academic affairs, including six monographs, 11 educational textbooks, three guidelines, and one copyright certificate. He wrote 90% of his textbooks in the native language. His contribution to developing the Kazakh language in medicine, especially in radiation therapy, is huge. S.S. Sadykov was awarded several medals and certificates of honor for many years of con-scientious work. Sain S. Sadykov celebrates his eightieth anniversary surrounded by his wife, son, daughter, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren. We wish our dear veteran a long life filled with satisfaction from a happily lived path next to respected friends and a caring, loving family.
医学候选人、教授、最高级别的放射科医生和经验丰富的教师塞恩·萨代科维奇·萨代科夫于1943年2月6日出生在阿克托别州Bayganinsky区的Taskabak村(Oymaut)。1991年，他为自己的博士论文进行了答辩。将他的研究成果引入医疗实践，改善了肺癌、食管癌、子宫癌和咽喉癌患者的生活质量。“从培养年轻医生的角度来看，教学是一个非常负责任和必要的职业，”Sain Sadykovich说。教师既要教书，又要特别细心和勤奋地教育学生。Sain Sadykov撰写了230多篇学术论文，包括6本专著，11本教育教科书，3本指南和1份版权证书。他90%的教科书都是用母语写的。他对哈萨克语在医学上的发展，特别是在放射治疗方面的贡献是巨大的。s·s·萨代科夫因多年兢兢兢业的工作而获得了几枚奖章和荣誉证书。Sain S. Sadykov在妻子、儿子、女儿、孙子和曾孙的陪伴下庆祝他的八十周年纪念日。我们祝愿我们亲爱的老兵一生幸福快乐，身边有受人尊敬的朋友和充满爱心的家庭。
{"title":"S.S. SADYKOV – A HISTORIAN, CHRONOGRAPHER, SCIENTIST, RADIOLOGIST, AND EDUCATOR","authors":"К. Toleutaiuly, U. Zhumashev, T. Sadykova, S. Yessenkulova, A. Jakipbayeva, A. Akbar","doi":"10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-68-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-68-72","url":null,"abstract":"Candidate of Medical Sciences, professor, radiologist of the highest category, and experienced teacher Sain Sadykovich Sadykov was born on February 6, 1943, in the village of Taskabak (Oymaut), Bayganinsky district of Aktobe region. In 1991 he defended his Ph.D. thesis. \u0000The introduction of his developments into healthcare practice has improved the quality of life of patients with lung, esophageal, uterine, and pharyngeal cancers. \u0000“Teaching is a very responsible and necessary profession from the point of view of educating young doctors,” says Sain Sadykovich. “A teacher should teach but also educate students with special care and diligence.” \u0000Sain Sadykov is the author of more than 230 academic affairs, including six monographs, 11 educational textbooks, three guidelines, and one copyright certificate. He wrote 90% of his textbooks in the native language. His contribution to developing the Kazakh language in medicine, especially in radiation therapy, is huge. S.S. Sadykov was awarded several medals and certificates of honor for many years of con-scientious work. \u0000 \u0000Sain S. Sadykov celebrates his eightieth anniversary surrounded by his wife, son, daughter, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren. We wish our dear veteran a long life filled with satisfaction from a happily lived path next to respected friends and a caring, loving family.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73944628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-4-9
A. Arynov, A. Magrupov, M. Mukanova, I. Smagina
Relevance: The Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care of the Kazakh Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology is an organized system for providing care to oncological patients, which consists of anesthetic support for all types of oncosurgical operations, postoperative intensive therapy, intensive care for patients in cases of life-threatening conditions during radiation and chemotherapy. High-quality care is possible only with an appropriate level of professional training of medical and nursing staff and a sufficient provision of life support and monitoring technologies, medicines, and medical products. The study aimed to analyze the work of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care in 2021-2022 to further improve the quality of specialized anesthetic and resuscitation care to oncological patients in KazIOR. Methods: The reporting documentation on clinical activities of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care for 2021 and 2022 was analyzed. Results: In 2021-2022, 5517 anesthesias were performed. While the number of anesthesias in 2022 increased by 9.2%, the structure of the types of anesthesia performed remains unchanged. Anesthetic complications were 0.27%, with no anesthetic mortality. The number of patients admitted to postoperative intensive care in 2022 decreased by 6%. The share of patients re-admitted to the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care was 2.1% in 2021 and 2.7% in 2022. The proportion of elderly and senile patients accounted for more than 40% of the intensive care department patients. In 40% of cases, patients suffered from chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system. Mortality at the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care for the analyzed period was 42 cases, of which postoperative were 25 cases, while postoperative mortality remains approximately at the same level, and in-hospital and general mortality has slightly increased. Conclusion: The reporting documentation analysis for 2021-2022 showed that the number of anesthesia performed and the total number of patients treated in the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care increases annually, which requires further improvement and modernization of the anesthesiology and intensive care service in oncology.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF ANESTHESIOLOGY \u0000AND INTENSIVE CARE OF KazIOR FOR 2021-2022","authors":"A. Arynov, A. Magrupov, M. Mukanova, I. Smagina","doi":"10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-4-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-4-9","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: The Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care of the Kazakh Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology is an organized system for providing care to oncological patients, which consists of anesthetic support for all types of oncosurgical operations, postoperative \u0000intensive therapy, intensive care for patients in cases of life-threatening conditions during radiation and chemotherapy. High-quality care is possible only with an appropriate level of professional training of medical and nursing staff and a sufficient provision of life support and monitoring \u0000technologies, medicines, and medical products. \u0000The study aimed to analyze the work of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care in 2021-2022 to further improve the quality of \u0000specialized anesthetic and resuscitation care to oncological patients in KazIOR. \u0000Methods: The reporting documentation on clinical activities of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care for 2021 and 2022 was \u0000analyzed. \u0000Results: In 2021-2022, 5517 anesthesias were performed. While the number of anesthesias in 2022 increased by 9.2%, the structure of the types \u0000of anesthesia performed remains unchanged. Anesthetic complications were 0.27%, with no anesthetic mortality. The number of patients admitted \u0000to postoperative intensive care in 2022 decreased by 6%. The share of patients re-admitted to the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care \u0000was 2.1% in 2021 and 2.7% in 2022. The proportion of elderly and senile patients accounted for more than 40% of the intensive care department \u0000patients. In 40% of cases, patients suffered from chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system. Mortality at the Department of Anesthesiology and \u0000Intensive Care for the analyzed period was 42 cases, of which postoperative were 25 cases, while postoperative mortality remains approximately \u0000at the same level, and in-hospital and general mortality has slightly increased. \u0000Conclusion: The reporting documentation analysis for 2021-2022 showed that the number of anesthesia performed and the total number of \u0000patients treated in the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care increases annually, which requires further improvement and modernization of the anesthesiology and intensive care service in oncology.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90623037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-46-49
A. Murzakhmetova, A. Meiramova, A. Issilbayeva, B. Abdahina, E. Omralina, B. Ainabekova
Relevance: Kidney functions in treating acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) undergo serious effects, especially in elderly patients. Chemotherapeutic drugs used to prepare for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) inevitably affect elderly patients’ kidney function. Moreover, involutive changes in the kidneys can physiologically decrease kidney function. The study aimed to evaluate kidney function in an elderly patient with AML after HSCT. Methods: The article describes a clinical case of AML in an elderly patient who underwent allogeneic HSCT. Results: We analyzed the dynamics of the functional state from the moment of registration of AML to +100 days after HSCT. During the entire follow-up period, we did not detect any renal dysfunction in the elderly patient. Despite the HSCT and the effects of nephrotoxic drugs in an elderly patient + 100 days after HSCT, kidney function was preserved. Conclusion: The described case highlights the importance of maintaining renal function in elderly patients after HSCT and long-term renal monitoring.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF KIDNEY FUNCTION IN AN ELDERLY PATIENT WITH ACUTE MYELOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA AFTER HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION: A CASE REPORT","authors":"A. Murzakhmetova, A. Meiramova, A. Issilbayeva, B. Abdahina, E. Omralina, B. Ainabekova","doi":"10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-46-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-46-49","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Kidney functions in treating acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) undergo serious effects, especially in elderly patients. Chemotherapeutic drugs used to prepare for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) inevitably affect elderly patients’ kidney function. Moreover, involutive changes in the kidneys can physiologically decrease kidney function. \u0000The study aimed to evaluate kidney function in an elderly patient with AML after HSCT. \u0000Methods: The article describes a clinical case of AML in an elderly patient who underwent allogeneic HSCT. \u0000Results: We analyzed the dynamics of the functional state from the moment of registration of AML to +100 days after HSCT. During the entire follow-up period, we did not detect any renal dysfunction in the elderly patient. Despite the HSCT and the effects of nephrotoxic drugs in an elderly patient + 100 days after HSCT, kidney function was preserved. \u0000Conclusion: The described case highlights the importance of maintaining renal function in elderly patients after HSCT and long-term renal monitoring.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79694403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-54-61
N. Abdukhalilov, A. Arynov, D. Baidaulet, M. Mukanova, A. Nurmanova, E. Seidalieva, V. Chursin
Relevance: Among patients who have undergone extensive surgical interventions under general anesthesia with artificial ventilation (ventilator), various postoperative respiratory complications of an obstructive or restrictive nature are often found The study aimed to generalizе current data from systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and scientific publications on the use of preventive and therapeutic strategies for lung ventilation to improve the quality of anesthetic care for cancer patients. Methods: The PubMed Electronic Database (NCBI) was searched to identify randomized controlled and prospective observational studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, as well as scientific articles published in English between 2016 and 2023 that focused on the results of application and comparison of lung protective ventilation strategies with conventional mechanical ventilation in patients undergoing major and prolonged surgery. Results: As a result of a comparison of data from a review of large-scale scientific studies and articles, a relationship was established between the use of a protective lung ventilation strategy with a low tidal volume (6-8 ml/kg of ideal body weight), in combination with individualized PEEP, periodic lung recruitment maneuvers and significant improvement in clinical outcomes, respiratory complications, early mortality and length of hospital stay in patients undergoing surgery. Conclusion: Using protective lung ventilation during anesthesia during major surgical interventions reduces the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications.
{"title":"MODERN CONCEPTS OF ARTIFICIAL LUNG VENTILATION DURING GENERAL ANESTHESIA IN CANCER PATIENTS: А LITERATURE REVIEW","authors":"N. Abdukhalilov, A. Arynov, D. Baidaulet, M. Mukanova, A. Nurmanova, E. Seidalieva, V. Chursin","doi":"10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-54-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-54-61","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Among patients who have undergone extensive surgical interventions under general anesthesia with artificial ventilation (ventilator), various postoperative respiratory complications of an obstructive or restrictive nature are often found \u0000The study aimed to generalizе current data from systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and scientific publications on the use of preventive and therapeutic strategies for lung ventilation to improve the quality of anesthetic care for cancer patients. \u0000Methods: The PubMed Electronic Database (NCBI) was searched to identify randomized controlled and prospective observational studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, as well as scientific articles published in English between 2016 and 2023 that focused on the results of application and comparison of lung protective ventilation strategies with conventional mechanical ventilation in patients undergoing major and prolonged surgery. \u0000Results: As a result of a comparison of data from a review of large-scale scientific studies and articles, a relationship was established between the use of a protective lung ventilation strategy with a low tidal volume (6-8 ml/kg of ideal body weight), in combination with individualized PEEP, periodic lung recruitment maneuvers and significant improvement in clinical outcomes, respiratory complications, early mortality and length of hospital stay in patients undergoing surgery. \u0000Conclusion: Using protective lung ventilation during anesthesia during major surgical interventions reduces the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88173371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-62-67
F. Bayembaev, R. Rakhimzhanova, T. Dautov, A. Saduakasova, A. Temirbekov
Relevance: Positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) is a young and promising technique for lymphoproliferative diseases’ primary detection, staging, and evaluation of the treatment results. However, at this stage of nuclear medicine development, some shortcomings in PET/CT diagnostics of lymphomas using 18Fluorodeoxyglucose (F18-FDG) affect its reliability to a certain extent. The study aimed to evaluate the physical and technical weaknesses of F18-FDG PET/CT in diagnosing lymphomas and review the analytical methods that affect opinion accuracy. Methods: The articles on the use of F18-FDG PET/CT in diagnosing lymphomas, its reliability, and methods for optimizing were searched in the PUBMED database for 2012-2022. Results: One of the main shortcomings of F18-FDG PET/CT in diagnosing lymphomas is the Deauville 5-point scale, which does not fully meet clinical requirements. This scale has some disadvantages, including low inter-reader agreement and an unreliable reference organ for F18-FDG accumulation. Mathematical algorithms for correction to the patient’s weight also require optimization. Conclusion: Some of the existing deficiencies can be improved at the software level and through educating staff about the importance of changing the SUV calculation method. However, other deficiencies, such as classifications that do not meet clinical requirements, require more efforts at the level of international experts and much more in-depth study of this issue to avoid such shortcomings of new staging methods. However, even considering all the shortcomings described, at the moment, PET/CT with F18-FDG is one of the most reliable modalities available, both for the initial detection and for evaluating the therapy effectiveness in patients with lymphomas.
{"title":"PET/CT DISADVANTAGES IN PATIENTS WITH LYMPHOMA: А LITERATURE REVIEW","authors":"F. Bayembaev, R. Rakhimzhanova, T. Dautov, A. Saduakasova, A. Temirbekov","doi":"10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-62-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2023-1-67-62-67","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) is a young and promising technique for lymphoproliferative diseases’ primary detection, staging, and evaluation of the treatment results. However, at this stage of nuclear medicine development, some shortcomings in PET/CT diagnostics of lymphomas using 18Fluorodeoxyglucose (F18-FDG) affect its reliability to a certain extent. \u0000The study aimed to evaluate the physical and technical weaknesses of F18-FDG PET/CT in diagnosing lymphomas and review the analytical methods that affect opinion accuracy. \u0000Methods: The articles on the use of F18-FDG PET/CT in diagnosing lymphomas, its reliability, and methods for optimizing were searched in the PUBMED database for 2012-2022. \u0000Results: One of the main shortcomings of F18-FDG PET/CT in diagnosing lymphomas is the Deauville 5-point scale, which does not fully meet clinical requirements. This scale has some disadvantages, including low inter-reader agreement and an unreliable reference organ for F18-FDG accumulation. Mathematical algorithms for correction to the patient’s weight also require optimization. \u0000Conclusion: Some of the existing deficiencies can be improved at the software level and through educating staff about the importance of changing the SUV calculation method. However, other deficiencies, such as classifications that do not meet clinical requirements, require more efforts at the level of international experts and much more in-depth study of this issue to avoid such shortcomings of new staging methods. However, even considering all the shortcomings described, at the moment, PET/CT with F18-FDG is one of the most reliable modalities available, both for the initial detection and for evaluating the therapy effectiveness in patients with lymphomas.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89606429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-16DOI: 10.52532/2521-6414-2022-4-66-64-68
M. Dmitrenko, K. Smagulova, R. Abdrahmanov, R. Raskaliev, I. Turkpenova, E. Medetbekova, S. Kaldarbekov, A. Kuanysh, Z. Kenzhebayeva, D. Shayakhmetova, A. Zhiyenbayeva, A. Dzhakipbaeva
Relevance: Stomach cancer (SC) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms and ranks fifth in cancer incidence worldwide. The only curative approach to localized SC is radical surgery with or without prior chemotherapy. But chemotherapy is the main treatment method for metastatic or locally advanced SC. In the later stages of SC, there is high resistance to chemotherapy; therefore, there is a need to find modern treatment approaches. Particular attention is paid to therapy for metastatic/locally advanced SC. The study aimed to describe the possibilities of using immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) to treat metastatic or locally advanced SC. Methods: The data from modern literary sources of recent years were studied using specialized scientific search engines: Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science for the possibility of promising application of various immunotherapeutic approaches in treating metastatic or locally advanced SC. Results: The article describes modern methods of treatment of metastatic or locally advanced SC using CPIs, including PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4, demonstrates the mechanisms of immunological surveillance, characteristics of PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4 and their significance in suppressing the T-cell response. The effectiveness of using CPIs, particularly PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4, has been established in the first and subsequent lines of therapy. Conclusion: CPIs are a recent finding in antitumor therapy. Frequent resistance of SC to chemotherapy urges the use of CPIs to treat advanced SC
{"title":"CHECKPOINT INHIBITORS IN THE TREATMENT OF LOCALLY ADVANCED \u0000AND METASTATIC GASTRIC CANCER: \u0000A LITERATURE REVIEW","authors":"M. Dmitrenko, K. Smagulova, R. Abdrahmanov, R. Raskaliev, I. Turkpenova, E. Medetbekova, S. Kaldarbekov, A. Kuanysh, Z. Kenzhebayeva, D. Shayakhmetova, A. Zhiyenbayeva, A. Dzhakipbaeva","doi":"10.52532/2521-6414-2022-4-66-64-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2022-4-66-64-68","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Stomach cancer (SC) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms and ranks fifth in cancer incidence worldwide. The only \u0000curative approach to localized SC is radical surgery with or without prior chemotherapy. But chemotherapy is the main treatment method for metastatic or locally advanced SC. In the later stages of SC, there is high resistance to chemotherapy; therefore, there is a need to find modern treatment \u0000approaches. Particular attention is paid to therapy for metastatic/locally advanced SC. \u0000The study aimed to describe the possibilities of using immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) to treat metastatic or locally advanced SC. \u0000Methods: The data from modern literary sources of recent years were studied using specialized scientific search engines: Scopus, PubMed, \u0000Google Scholar, and Web of Science for the possibility of promising application of various immunotherapeutic approaches in treating metastatic \u0000or locally advanced SC. \u0000Results: The article describes modern methods of treatment of metastatic or locally advanced SC using CPIs, including PD-1, PD-L1, and \u0000CTLA-4, demonstrates the mechanisms of immunological surveillance, characteristics of PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4 and their significance in suppressing the T-cell response. The effectiveness of using CPIs, particularly PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4, has been established in the first and subsequent \u0000lines of therapy. \u0000Conclusion: CPIs are a recent finding in antitumor therapy. Frequent resistance of SC to chemotherapy urges the use of CPIs to treat advanced SC","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86690815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.52532/2521-6414-2022-4-66-33-37
K. Pavlyuk, M. Leonov, A. Akobyan, T. Sinitskaya, O. Gospirovich, E. Artemova, Zhanar Yeleubayeva
Relevance: Cytological criteria of tumors in exudate fluids are associated with certain subjective difficulties, one of which is the differential diagnosis of proliferating mesothelial and adenocarci-noma cells. The study aimed to increase the informational value of cytological diagnostics in a multidisciplinary hospital. Methods: From 2018 to 2021, 10,082 serous cavity effusions (pleural – 8,166 (81%), abdominal cavity – 1,512 (15%), pericardial – 404 (4%)) were included in the cytological examination. Micro-scopic examination of traditional preparations was carried out, and immunocytochemical (ICC) ex-amination was carried out in difficult diagnostic situations. Results: Analysis of the study showed that by the traditional cytological method in effusion fluids in women, metastatic lesions of the serous cavities were diagnosed in 672 cases (58%), mainly due to the progression of breast cancer (26%). In men, pleurisy was mainly due to metastasis of adenocar-cinoma of the lung – 266 cases (23%). ICC research increased the diagnostic accuracy of cytological examination by 62-93% and the specificity – by 95-99%. Conclusions: An algorithm for conducting ICH studies, differing in the number of panels of mono-clonal antibodies used to determine the histological form and organ - the source of the tumor, has been developed. In specific cases, conducting ICR studies with 2-3 monoclonal antibodies may be quite enough to confirm the histological form of the tumor and, where necessary, perform additional ICR studies without significant loss of time for obtaining results.
{"title":"STAGES OF CYTOLOGICAL EXAMINATION \u0000(USING IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL EXAMINATION) OF EFFUSION FLUIDS","authors":"K. Pavlyuk, M. Leonov, A. Akobyan, T. Sinitskaya, O. Gospirovich, E. Artemova, Zhanar Yeleubayeva","doi":"10.52532/2521-6414-2022-4-66-33-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2022-4-66-33-37","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Cytological criteria of tumors in exudate fluids are associated with certain subjective difficulties, one of which is the differential \u0000diagnosis of proliferating mesothelial and adenocarci-noma cells. \u0000The study aimed to increase the informational value of cytological diagnostics in a multidisciplinary hospital. \u0000Methods: From 2018 to 2021, 10,082 serous cavity effusions (pleural – 8,166 (81%), abdominal cavity – 1,512 (15%), pericardial – 404 (4%)) \u0000were included in the cytological examination. Micro-scopic examination of traditional preparations was carried out, and immunocytochemical \u0000(ICC) ex-amination was carried out in difficult diagnostic situations. \u0000Results: Analysis of the study showed that by the traditional cytological method in effusion fluids in women, metastatic lesions of the serous \u0000cavities were diagnosed in 672 cases (58%), mainly due to the progression of breast cancer (26%). In men, pleurisy was mainly due to metastasis \u0000of adenocar-cinoma of the lung – 266 cases (23%). ICC research increased the diagnostic accuracy of cytological examination by 62-93% and the \u0000specificity – by 95-99%. \u0000Conclusions: An algorithm for conducting ICH studies, differing in the number of panels of mono-clonal antibodies used to determine the \u0000histological form and organ - the source of the tumor, has been developed. In specific cases, conducting ICR studies with 2-3 monoclonal antibodies \u0000may be quite enough to confirm the histological form of the tumor and, where necessary, perform additional ICR studies without significant loss \u0000of time for obtaining results.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86464122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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