Nutrition最新文献

Associations between dietary B vitamin intakes and cognitive function among elderly individuals: An observational study

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.112716

Qingshou Chen M.Med , Jie Huang M.Med , Xiaocong Shi M.Med , Yuhui Peng M.Med , Aixia Chen M.Med , Lingling Huang M.Med , Yuanfeng Zhang MD , Xue Chen M.Med

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the associations between dietary B vitamin intakes and the prevalence of cognitive impairment among elderly individuals in the United States.

Methods

This cross-sectional analysis, based on data from 2716 participants aged 60 years or older in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011 to 2014. Dietary intakes of six B vitamins (vitamins B1, B2, niacin, B6, total folate, and B12) were assessed using two 24-hour dietary recalls. Cognitive function was evaluated through the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease word list learning test, the Animal Fluency Test, and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test. Associations between dietary B vitamin intakes and cognitive impairment were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline regression, and weighted quantile sum regression.

Results

Higher dietary intakes of B vitamins were inversely associated with the prevalence of cognitive impairment. Participants in the highest quartile of intake showed reduced odds of cognitive impairment compared to the lowest quartile for vitamin B1 (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.29–0.97), vitamin B2 (OR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.29–1.02), niacin (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.15–0.65), vitamin B6 (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.26–0.79), total folate (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.31–0.89), and vitamin B12 (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.25–0.95). Restricted cubic spline analysis showed linear and inverse exposure-response relationships for all six vitamins without evidence of non-linearity. The weighted quantile sum regression indicated a combined protective effect of dietary B vitamins on cognitive impairment (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.65–0.89), with niacin contributing most to the association (weight: 0.48).

Conclusions

Higher dietary B vitamin intakes may be linked to a lower prevalence of cognitive impairment among older adults in the US. These findings suggest that adequate consumption of dietary B vitamins may be beneficial for maintaining cognitive health. Further, longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these associations.

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引用次数: 0

Fat mass is responsible for increased plasma and whole blood viscosity in obesity

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.112714

Serpil Cecen MD , Sena Ebru Caglar PhD , Zozan Guleken PhD , Yunus Karakoc PhD , Seher Tanrıkulu PhD

Objectives

Our study is centered around a pivotal question: How does the increase in adipose tissue, which defines obesity, impact hemorheological parameters? By delving into this question, we aim to underscore the crucial role of fat tissue increase in obesity, a topic of significant interest and importance in the field of physiology and obesity research.

Methods

Individuals with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 and above were included in this study. Height was measured with bare feet on flat surface, then, using the bioimpedance device (Tanita-BC418), weight, BMI, fat percentage, fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass were determined. Using the Brookfield viscometer, several shear rates were utilized (for whole blood, 75, 150, 300, and 450 sec^–1; for plasma 450 sec^–1) in accordance with established standards and test procedures. Whole blood and plasma viscosity were studied in Hamidiye Medical Faculty Hemorheology laboratory.

Results

Plasma viscosity in the obese group was significantly (P = 0.01) higher than in the non-obese group, and increased statistically in proportion to weight, BMI, FM, fat-free mass (P < 0.05) in the obese group. At shear rates of 300 and 450 sec^–1 (P < 0.05) were determined statistically significant differences between the obese and nonobese groups in whole blood viscosity (WBV). In the obese group, WBV at a shear rate of 75, 150, 300, and 450 sec^–1 showed a positive correlation with weight, BMI, FM (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Increased adipose tissue significantly affect plasma and blood viscosities in obesity. The increase in plasma and WBV is directly associated with the increase in adipose tissue.

{"title":"Fat mass is responsible for increased plasma and whole blood viscosity in obesity","authors":"Serpil Cecen MD , Sena Ebru Caglar PhD , Zozan Guleken PhD , Yunus Karakoc PhD , Seher Tanrıkulu PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Our study is centered around a pivotal question: How does the increase in adipose tissue, which defines obesity, impact hemorheological parameters? By delving into this question, we aim to underscore the crucial role of fat tissue increase in obesity, a topic of significant interest and importance in the field of physiology and obesity research.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Individuals with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 and above were included in this study. Height was measured with bare feet on flat surface, then, using the bioimpedance device (Tanita-BC418), weight, BMI, fat percentage, fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass were determined. Using the Brookfield viscometer, several shear rates were utilized (for whole blood, 75, 150, 300, and 450 sec<sup>–1</sup>; for plasma 450 sec<sup>–1</sup>) in accordance with established standards and test procedures. Whole blood and plasma viscosity were studied in Hamidiye Medical Faculty Hemorheology laboratory.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Plasma viscosity in the obese group was significantly (<em>P</em> = 0.01) higher than in the non-obese group, and increased statistically in proportion to weight, BMI, FM, fat-free mass (<em>P</em> < 0.05) in the obese group. At shear rates of 300 and 450 sec<sup>–1</sup> (<em>P</em> < 0.05) were determined statistically significant differences between the obese and nonobese groups in whole blood viscosity (WBV). In the obese group, WBV at a shear rate of 75, 150, 300, and 450 sec<sup>–1</sup> showed a positive correlation with weight, BMI, FM (<em>P</em> < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Increased adipose tissue significantly affect plasma and blood viscosities in obesity. The increase in plasma and WBV is directly associated with the increase in adipose tissue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 112714"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence, impact, and management of adult disease-related malnutrition in African hospitals: a narrative review and insight from resource-limited clinical settings

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.112713

Lauren Terese Hill , Fathima Abdoola , Harriet Gyamfuah Adu-Amoah , Iyanuolowa Akinyemi , Razia Ali , Eric Anku , Bona Mwiinga Hamoonga , Kondwani Katundu , Rosaline Ilukani Sinkala , African Clinical Nutrition Consortium

Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) is a worldwide problem regarded as a global policy priority, but occurs on an exaggerated scale in Africa. While interpretation of studies is difficult due to the variety of nutrition assessment techniques, DRM in acute care in-patient African settings is commonly reported in the range of 45–75%, with nutritional risk reaching 84%. Challenges to the comprehensive management of DRM in the resource-limited clinical settings with few dietitians reviewed in this paper include the following: first, lack of routine nutrition screening resulting in more than 90% of malnourished or at-risk patients failing to receive nutrition support referrals, or receiving very delayed referrals. The result is worsening of nutritional status during hospital stay, clinical complications two to six times higher, up to a doubling of length of stay, and significantly higher mortality. Second, hospital structures are generally unsupportive of worthwhile nutritional care due to very poor or absent provision of nutritious oral diets, lack of multidisciplinary insight and collaboration, and the nonexistence of formalized nutrition support protocols and standards. Third, there is a grave lack of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) products and feeding pumps, forcing dietitians to improvise suboptimal formulations for enteral and parenteral feeding. Where MNT is available it is expensive and often not reimbursed, placing the responsibility for acquisition onto patients’ families at their own expense. Urgent improvements in nutrition protocols adapted for resource-constrained contexts are needed, along with political commitment to facilitate the supply of suitable MNT products and equipment for use in hospitals.

{"title":"Prevalence, impact, and management of adult disease-related malnutrition in African hospitals: a narrative review and insight from resource-limited clinical settings","authors":"Lauren Terese Hill , Fathima Abdoola , Harriet Gyamfuah Adu-Amoah , Iyanuolowa Akinyemi , Razia Ali , Eric Anku , Bona Mwiinga Hamoonga , Kondwani Katundu , Rosaline Ilukani Sinkala , African Clinical Nutrition Consortium","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) is a worldwide problem regarded as a global policy priority, but occurs on an exaggerated scale in Africa. While interpretation of studies is difficult due to the variety of nutrition assessment techniques, DRM in acute care in-patient African settings is commonly reported in the range of 45–75%, with nutritional risk reaching 84%. Challenges to the comprehensive management of DRM in the resource-limited clinical settings with few dietitians reviewed in this paper include the following: first, lack of routine nutrition screening resulting in more than 90% of malnourished or at-risk patients failing to receive nutrition support referrals, or receiving very delayed referrals. The result is worsening of nutritional status during hospital stay, clinical complications two to six times higher, up to a doubling of length of stay, and significantly higher mortality. Second, hospital structures are generally unsupportive of worthwhile nutritional care due to very poor or absent provision of nutritious oral diets, lack of multidisciplinary insight and collaboration, and the nonexistence of formalized nutrition support protocols and standards. Third, there is a grave lack of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) products and feeding pumps, forcing dietitians to improvise suboptimal formulations for enteral and parenteral feeding. Where MNT is available it is expensive and often not reimbursed, placing the responsibility for acquisition onto patients’ families at their own expense. Urgent improvements in nutrition protocols adapted for resource-constrained contexts are needed, along with political commitment to facilitate the supply of suitable MNT products and equipment for use in hospitals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 112713"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Healthful plant-based diet and incidence of hypertension in Brazilian adults: A six-year follow-up of the CUME study

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.112711

Fernanda Maria Oliveira da Silva M.Sc. , Adriano Marçal Pimenta Ph.D. , Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol Ph.D. , Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff Ph.D. , Josefina Bressan Ph.D.

Background

Studies demonstrate that consuming plant-based diets has beneficial effects on several health outcomes. However, the evaluation of the healthiness of plant-based diets and the incidence of hypertension has still been little explored in the literature. Objectives: Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the association between plant-based diet indices and the incidence of hypertension in Brazilian adults and test whether the interaction between hPDI, sociodemographic, and lifestyle variables modifies this association. Methods: This longitudinal study included 3192 (F = 2125, average age 34 years) participants from the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME Study, Brazil, 2016-2022). Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We measured three plant-based diet indices: overall plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI), and unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI). Participants were classified as new cases of hypertension if they were free of this disease at baseline, had a systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, a diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, were using antihypertensive medications, or had a diagnosis of hypertension by a physician in at least one of the follow-ups. Crude and adjusted Cox regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between plant-based diet indices and hypertension incidence and a multiplicative interaction was tested. Results: The incidence of hypertension was 19,8/1000 person-years total. The mean follow-up time was 3.36 years. There was an inverse association between the highest quintiles of hPDI (HR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.37–0.86; HR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.35–0.88) and hypertension. In subgroup analysis, inverse associations between hPDI and hypertension risk were stronger in participants who were insufficiently active and overweight (p-interaction < 0.05). Conclusion: Greater consumption of healthful plant foods, reduced consumption of animal-source foods, and less consumption of unhealthful plant foods are important for hypertension prevention in the Brazilian population.

{"title":"Healthful plant-based diet and incidence of hypertension in Brazilian adults: A six-year follow-up of the CUME study","authors":"Fernanda Maria Oliveira da Silva M.Sc. , Adriano Marçal Pimenta Ph.D. , Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol Ph.D. , Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff Ph.D. , Josefina Bressan Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Studies demonstrate that consuming plant-based diets has beneficial effects on several health outcomes. However, the evaluation of the healthiness of plant-based diets and the incidence of hypertension has still been little explored in the literature. Objectives: Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the association between plant-based diet indices and the incidence of hypertension in Brazilian adults and test whether the interaction between hPDI, sociodemographic, and lifestyle variables modifies this association. Methods: This longitudinal study included 3192 (F = 2125, average age 34 years) participants from the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME Study, Brazil, 2016-2022). Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We measured three plant-based diet indices: overall plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI), and unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI). Participants were classified as new cases of hypertension if they were free of this disease at baseline, had a systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, a diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, were using antihypertensive medications, or had a diagnosis of hypertension by a physician in at least one of the follow-ups. Crude and adjusted Cox regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between plant-based diet indices and hypertension incidence and a multiplicative interaction was tested. Results: The incidence of hypertension was 19,8/1000 person-years total. The mean follow-up time was 3.36 years. There was an inverse association between the highest quintiles of hPDI (HR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.37–0.86; HR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.35–0.88) and hypertension. In subgroup analysis, inverse associations between hPDI and hypertension risk were stronger in participants who were insufficiently active and overweight (p-interaction < 0.05). Conclusion: Greater consumption of healthful plant foods, reduced consumption of animal-source foods, and less consumption of unhealthful plant foods are important for hypertension prevention in the Brazilian population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 112711"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Keto-Therapy: Unveiling the Potential of Ketogenic Diet in Psychiatric Care—A Scoping Review

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.112710

Margherita Boltri , Alberto Scalia , Federico Brusa , Francesca Manzo , Emanuela Apicella , Leonardo Mendolicchio

Background

Within the framework of gut–brain interactions, the ketogenic diet (KD), a high-fat, low-carbohydrate, and moderate-protein dietary intervention, has gained attention for its potential in psychiatric care. Renowned for its efficacy in managing obesity, KD has demonstrated effectiveness in facilitating weight loss and inducing favorable metabolic changes in the short term. With its established benefits in neurological disorders, KD is now being investigated as a potential therapeutic avenue for individuals with psychiatric conditions.

Objective

This scoping review aims to summarize the latest studies on this topic, consider clinical implications, and suggest future research directions.

Methods

Records were systematically (PRISMA-ScR guidelines) identified through PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost searches.

Results

A total of 58 studies were initially identified, with 13 meeting the eligibility criteria. While clinical trials remain limited, emerging evidence from case reports, case series, and pilot studies highlights the potential of a KD in reducing symptoms across psychiatric conditions, including mood disorders, psychotic disorders, alcohol use, and eating disorders. A KD shows potential in reducing cravings in eating and alcohol use disorders by stabilizing brain metabolism and modulating addictive behaviors, while its neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects may contribute to symptom improvement in mood and psychotic disorders.

Conclusions

Implementing a KD in patients with mental disorders seems to be a feasible and well-tolerated approach, resulting in psychiatric symptom reduction and improvements in metabolic health. Most interestingly, research suggests that KD can also be safely implemented in the care of patients with addictive-like eating disorders.

{"title":"Keto-Therapy: Unveiling the Potential of Ketogenic Diet in Psychiatric Care—A Scoping Review","authors":"Margherita Boltri , Alberto Scalia , Federico Brusa , Francesca Manzo , Emanuela Apicella , Leonardo Mendolicchio","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Within the framework of gut–brain interactions, the ketogenic diet (KD), a high-fat, low-carbohydrate, and moderate-protein dietary intervention, has gained attention for its potential in psychiatric care. Renowned for its efficacy in managing obesity, KD has demonstrated effectiveness in facilitating weight loss and inducing favorable metabolic changes in the short term. With its established benefits in neurological disorders, KD is now being investigated as a potential therapeutic avenue for individuals with psychiatric conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This scoping review aims to summarize the latest studies on this topic, consider clinical implications, and suggest future research directions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Records were systematically (PRISMA-ScR guidelines) identified through PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost searches.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 58 studies were initially identified, with 13 meeting the eligibility criteria. While clinical trials remain limited, emerging evidence from case reports, case series, and pilot studies highlights the potential of a KD in reducing symptoms across psychiatric conditions, including mood disorders, psychotic disorders, alcohol use, and eating disorders. A KD shows potential in reducing cravings in eating and alcohol use disorders by stabilizing brain metabolism and modulating addictive behaviors, while its neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects may contribute to symptom improvement in mood and psychotic disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Implementing a KD in patients with mental disorders seems to be a feasible and well-tolerated approach, resulting in psychiatric symptom reduction and improvements in metabolic health. Most interestingly, research suggests that KD can also be safely implemented in the care of patients with addictive-like eating disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 112710"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143547852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Segmental phase angle and the extracellular to intracellular water ratio are associated with functional disability in community-dwelling older adults: A follow-up study of up to 12 years

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.112709

Yujiro Asano MS , Kenji Tsunoda PhD , Koki Nagata PhD , Namhoon Lim MS , Taishi Tsuji PhD , Kyohei Shibuya MS , Tomohiro Okura PhD

Background & aims

Muscle quality, including phase angle (PhA) and extracellular to intracellular water (ECW/ICW) ratio, assessed using multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MF-BIA) to reflect the contractile components of the muscle, muscle cell mass, and membrane condition, is associated with health outcomes. However, its association with the incidence of disabilities remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the association between whole-body and segmental PhA, ECW/ICW ratio, and the incidence of functional disability compared to conventional muscle mass.

Methods

A total of 858 older adults aged ≥65 years without functional disability at baseline were followed up for 12 years. Functional disabilities were identified using the database of the Japanese Long-Term Care Insurance System. Segmental muscle quality was assessed using the raw parameters of MF-BIA, including segmental PhA and the ECW/ICW resistance ratio. For comparison, the appendicular lean mass index (ALMI) and legMI were obtained using MF-BIA.

Results

Functional disability was identified in 258 (30.1%) participants. Cox regression analysis showed that poorer leg PhA and ECW/ICW resistance ratios were significantly associated with a higher incidence of functional disability in both sexes, independent of covariates. A dose-response relationship indicated a higher risk for individuals with values below the median in the spline analysis. Conventional ALMI and legMI were not significantly associated with functional disability.

Conclusions

PhA and ECW/ICW ratio, especially in the leg, is a better predictor of functional disability than muscle mass. Muscle quality by BIA may be a useful biomarker for screening for future disabilities.

{"title":"Segmental phase angle and the extracellular to intracellular water ratio are associated with functional disability in community-dwelling older adults: A follow-up study of up to 12 years","authors":"Yujiro Asano MS , Kenji Tsunoda PhD , Koki Nagata PhD , Namhoon Lim MS , Taishi Tsuji PhD , Kyohei Shibuya MS , Tomohiro Okura PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background & aims</h3><div>Muscle quality, including phase angle (PhA) and extracellular to intracellular water (ECW/ICW) ratio, assessed using multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MF-BIA) to reflect the contractile components of the muscle, muscle cell mass, and membrane condition, is associated with health outcomes. However, its association with the incidence of disabilities remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the association between whole-body and segmental PhA, ECW/ICW ratio, and the incidence of functional disability compared to conventional muscle mass.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 858 older adults aged ≥65 years without functional disability at baseline were followed up for 12 years. Functional disabilities were identified using the database of the Japanese Long-Term Care Insurance System. Segmental muscle quality was assessed using the raw parameters of MF-BIA, including segmental PhA and the ECW/ICW resistance ratio. For comparison, the appendicular lean mass index (ALMI) and legMI were obtained using MF-BIA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Functional disability was identified in 258 (30.1%) participants. Cox regression analysis showed that poorer leg PhA and ECW/ICW resistance ratios were significantly associated with a higher incidence of functional disability in both sexes, independent of covariates. A dose-response relationship indicated a higher risk for individuals with values below the median in the spline analysis. Conventional ALMI and legMI were not significantly associated with functional disability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PhA and ECW/ICW ratio, especially in the leg, is a better predictor of functional disability than muscle mass. Muscle quality by BIA may be a useful biomarker for screening for future disabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 112709"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-protein diet based on whey protein isolate preserves muscle mass and its association with resistance training attenuates glomerular hypertrophy in rats

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.112708

Eudes Thiago Pereira Ávila Ph.D. , Thiago da Rosa Lima Ph.D. , Paula Caroline de Almeida Ph.D. , Geovane José Tolazzi B.S. , Letícia Pereira Cavalcante M.Sc. , Diego Luiz Doneda M.Sc. , Gabrielle Barcelo Paes B.S. , Roberto Carlos Viera Junior Ph.D. , Amílcar Sabino Damazo Ph.D. , Fabrício Azevedo Voltarelli Ph.D.

Objective

To evaluate the effect of administering a high-protein diet (HP) based on whey protein isolate (WPI) associated with ST in rats.

Methods

Twenty-two Wistar rats were fed a diet containing either 14% WPI (normoproteic) or 35% WPI (high protein) and were subjected to stair training or kept sedentary for 12 weeks. SN = sedentary normoproteic; SH = sedentary high protein; TN = trained normoproteic; TH = trained high protein.

Results

HP decreases food intake (P < 0.0001). The SH group showed a significant reduction in plasma triglycerides (P = 0.03). Quadriceps weight was greatest in TH, followed by SH and TN (P < 0.0001). Kidney weight was greater in TH, followed by SH and TN, and was greater than in SN (P < 0.0001). Urea levels were lowest in the SN group (P < 0.001). The urinary space was larger in the TH and SH groups. HP and ST increased the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the gastrocnemius (P < 0.0001) and quadriceps (P < 0.0001) muscles. Hepatic glycogen deposits were highest in the SH group (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions

HP with 35% whey promoted satiety and increased hepatic glycogen content without affecting glycemia. Its combination with ST was more efficient in increasing muscle hypertrophy, altering plasma urea levels, and enlarging the urinary space. These findings may be related to the adaptive process of renal physiology stimulated by HP.

{"title":"High-protein diet based on whey protein isolate preserves muscle mass and its association with resistance training attenuates glomerular hypertrophy in rats","authors":"Eudes Thiago Pereira Ávila Ph.D. , Thiago da Rosa Lima Ph.D. , Paula Caroline de Almeida Ph.D. , Geovane José Tolazzi B.S. , Letícia Pereira Cavalcante M.Sc. , Diego Luiz Doneda M.Sc. , Gabrielle Barcelo Paes B.S. , Roberto Carlos Viera Junior Ph.D. , Amílcar Sabino Damazo Ph.D. , Fabrício Azevedo Voltarelli Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effect of administering a high-protein diet (HP) based on whey protein isolate (WPI) associated with ST in rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-two Wistar rats were fed a diet containing either 14% WPI (normoproteic) or 35% WPI (high protein) and were subjected to stair training or kept sedentary for 12 weeks. SN = sedentary normoproteic; SH = sedentary high protein; TN = trained normoproteic; TH = trained high protein.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HP decreases food intake (<em>P</em> < 0.0001). The SH group showed a significant reduction in plasma triglycerides (<em>P</em> = 0.03). Quadriceps weight was greatest in TH, followed by SH and TN (<em>P</em> < 0.0001). Kidney weight was greater in TH, followed by SH and TN, and was greater than in SN (<em>P</em> < 0.0001). Urea levels were lowest in the SN group (<em>P</em> < 0.001). The urinary space was larger in the TH and SH groups. HP and ST increased the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the gastrocnemius (<em>P</em> < 0.0001) and quadriceps (<em>P</em> < 0.0001) muscles. Hepatic glycogen deposits were highest in the SH group (<em>P</em> < 0.0001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>HP with 35% whey promoted satiety and increased hepatic glycogen content without affecting glycemia. Its combination with ST was more efficient in increasing muscle hypertrophy, altering plasma urea levels, and enlarging the urinary space. These findings may be related to the adaptive process of renal physiology stimulated by HP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 112708"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143478945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research progress on the mechanism and treatment of cachexia based on tumor microenvironment

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.112697

Bochen Zhao , Gege Shi , Jiaxin Shi , Zhaozhao Li , Yang Xiao , Yueyuan Qiu , Lei He , Fei Xie , Duo Yu , Haiyan Cao , Haichen Du , Jieyu Zhang , Yang Zhou , Caiyi Jiang , Weina Li , Meng Li , Zhaowei Wang

Cachexia is a prevalent multifactorial syndrome characterized by a substantial decrease in food intake, which results from processes such as proteolysis, lipolysis, inflammatory activation, and autophagy, ultimately leading to weight loss. In cancer patients, this condition is referred to as cancer-related cachexia (CRC) and affects over 50% of this population. A comprehensive understanding of the intricate interactions between tumors and the host organism is essential for the development of effective treatments for tumor cachexia. This review aims to elucidate the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the pathogenesis of tumor-associated cachexia and to summarize the current evidence supporting treatment modalities that target the TME.

恶病质是一种普遍存在的多因素综合征，其特点是食物摄入量大幅减少，这是由蛋白质分解、脂肪分解、炎症激活和自噬等过程造成的，最终导致体重减轻。在癌症患者中，这种情况被称为癌症相关恶病质（CRC），影响着超过 50% 的癌症患者。全面了解肿瘤与宿主机体之间错综复杂的相互作用对于开发治疗肿瘤恶病质的有效方法至关重要。本综述旨在阐明肿瘤微环境（TME）在肿瘤相关恶病质发病机制中的作用，并总结目前支持针对肿瘤微环境的治疗模式的证据。

引用次数: 0

Low sarcopenia index predicts intra-abdominal infection in patients with abdominal trauma

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.112695

Fengchan Xi M.D., Ph.D. , Ran Teng M.D. , Bing Xiong M.D. , Di Wang M.D. , Nan Zheng M.D. , Jinghui Cheng M.D. , Wei Dong B.S. , Xinwei Huang B.S. , Xiling Wang Ph.D. , Shanjun Tan M.D., Ph.D.

Objectives

Prediction of intra-abdominal infection (IAI) in patients with abdominal trauma is crucial, yet reliable predictive indicators are currently lacking. The sarcopenia index (SI) is a readily available indicator of clinical outcomes in several diseases that holds diagnostic and prognostic value. The aim of this study is to assess the predictive value of SI for IAI in patients with abdominal trauma.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients with abdominal trauma. Multivariable logistic analyses were used to identify independent factors of IAI. We divided patients into 2 groups based on sex. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the performance of SI in predicting IAI. Then, based on the cut-off values of the SI established for males and females, we stratified patients into high and low-IAI risk groups to compare clinical outcomes. Spearman correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis.

Results

A total of 378 participants with abdominal trauma were included. Multivariable logistic analyses identified SI as an independent risk factor for IAI in both males [odds ratio (OR): 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.74-0.90, P < 0.001] and females (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.51-0.91, P = 0.009). The area under the ROC curve for SI in predicting IAI was 0.712 for males and 0.733 for females, with optimal cut-off values of 81.430 for males and 57.907 for females. Furthermore, SI showed significant correlations with the length of hospital stay (P = 0.003) and hospital costs (P = 0.042).

Conclusions

SI was identified as an independent risk factor for IAI in patients with abdominal trauma, offering predictive value for both genders. SI correlates with poor clinical outcomes. This might provide new ideas and theoretical guidance for diagnosing and treating IAI.

{"title":"Low sarcopenia index predicts intra-abdominal infection in patients with abdominal trauma","authors":"Fengchan Xi M.D., Ph.D. , Ran Teng M.D. , Bing Xiong M.D. , Di Wang M.D. , Nan Zheng M.D. , Jinghui Cheng M.D. , Wei Dong B.S. , Xinwei Huang B.S. , Xiling Wang Ph.D. , Shanjun Tan M.D., Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Prediction of intra-abdominal infection (IAI) in patients with abdominal trauma is crucial, yet reliable predictive indicators are currently lacking. The sarcopenia index (SI) is a readily available indicator of clinical outcomes in several diseases that holds diagnostic and prognostic value. The aim of this study is to assess the predictive value of SI for IAI in patients with abdominal trauma.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients with abdominal trauma. Multivariable logistic analyses were used to identify independent factors of IAI. We divided patients into 2 groups based on sex. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the performance of SI in predicting IAI. Then, based on the cut-off values of the SI established for males and females, we stratified patients into high and low-IAI risk groups to compare clinical outcomes. Spearman correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 378 participants with abdominal trauma were included. Multivariable logistic analyses identified SI as an independent risk factor for IAI in both males [odds ratio (OR): 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.74-0.90, <em>P</em> < 0.001] and females (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.51-0.91, <em>P</em> = 0.009). The area under the ROC curve for SI in predicting IAI was 0.712 for males and 0.733 for females, with optimal cut-off values of 81.430 for males and 57.907 for females. Furthermore, SI showed significant correlations with the length of hospital stay (<em>P</em> = 0.003) and hospital costs (<em>P</em> = 0.042).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SI was identified as an independent risk factor for IAI in patients with abdominal trauma, offering predictive value for both genders. SI correlates with poor clinical outcomes. This might provide new ideas and theoretical guidance for diagnosing and treating IAI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 112695"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of carbohydrate reduced diet associated with strength training on clinical signs of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: Randomized clinical trial

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.112696

Laura Colonetti MSc , Maria Laura Rodrigues Uggioni MSc , Gabriele da Silveira Prestes PhD , Luana Stangherlin PhD , João Carlos Denoni Junior BSc , Rafael Moura BSc , Erica da Silva Sipriano BSc , Kristian Madeira PhD , Hemmylly Silveira Cardoso BSc , Sarah Dagostin Ferraz BSc , Mateus Marcelo Baptista BSc , Antonio Jose Grande PhD , Luciane Bisognin Ceretta PhD , Maria Inês da Rosa PhD , Tamy Colonetti PhD

Objective

To evaluate the effects of a low-carbohydrate diet associated with strength training on the clinical signs of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Research Methods and Procedures

A randomized clinical trial was carried out including 29 women over 18 years old diagnosed with PCOS, randomized into two groups, with follow-up for 12 weeks: the low-carbohydrate diet group associated with strength exercise (LCDE); and the standard diet group associated with strength exercise (SDE). We evaluated manifestations of acne, hirsutism by the Ferriman–Gallwey scale and alopecia by the Ludwig–Savin scale, and assessed laboratory tests for total and free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone. The collected data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS software version 21.

Results

The study showed statistically significant differences in the hormonal levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (P = 0.045), luteinizing hormone (P = 0.017) and follicle-stimulating hormone (P = 0.014) when comparing the LCDE and SDE groups.

Conclusions

the intervention used can promote an improvement in the clinical presentation of PCOS, especially in hormonal parameters. The clinical trial was registered on the REBEC platform (Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials) under number RBR4wjqxcv (Carbohydrate Reduction and Exercise in Women with PCOS) and is available on the website: https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-4wjqxcv.

{"title":"Effects of carbohydrate reduced diet associated with strength training on clinical signs of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: Randomized clinical trial","authors":"Laura Colonetti MSc , Maria Laura Rodrigues Uggioni MSc , Gabriele da Silveira Prestes PhD , Luana Stangherlin PhD , João Carlos Denoni Junior BSc , Rafael Moura BSc , Erica da Silva Sipriano BSc , Kristian Madeira PhD , Hemmylly Silveira Cardoso BSc , Sarah Dagostin Ferraz BSc , Mateus Marcelo Baptista BSc , Antonio Jose Grande PhD , Luciane Bisognin Ceretta PhD , Maria Inês da Rosa PhD , Tamy Colonetti PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effects of a low-carbohydrate diet associated with strength training on the clinical signs of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).</div></div><div><h3>Research Methods and Procedures</h3><div>A randomized clinical trial was carried out including 29 women over 18 years old diagnosed with PCOS, randomized into two groups, with follow-up for 12 weeks: the low-carbohydrate diet group associated with strength exercise (LCDE); and the standard diet group associated with strength exercise (SDE). We evaluated manifestations of acne, hirsutism by the Ferriman–Gallwey scale and alopecia by the Ludwig–Savin scale, and assessed laboratory tests for total and free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone. The collected data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS software version 21.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study showed statistically significant differences in the hormonal levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (<em>P</em> = 0.045), luteinizing hormone (<em>P</em> = 0.017) and follicle-stimulating hormone (<em>P</em> = 0.014) when comparing the LCDE and SDE groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>the intervention used can promote an improvement in the clinical presentation of PCOS, especially in hormonal parameters. The clinical trial was registered on the REBEC platform (Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials) under number RBR4wjqxcv (Carbohydrate Reduction and Exercise in Women with PCOS) and is available on the website: <span><span>https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-4wjqxcv</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 112696"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0