Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Global Leadership Initiative in Sarcopenia (GLIS)–defined sarcopenia increases the mortality of esophageal cancer patients after esophagectomy: A Chinese real-world cohort study","authors":"Zhenyu Huo ,&nbsp;Siyu Luo ,&nbsp;Feifei Chong ,&nbsp;Ning Tong ,&nbsp;Zongliang Lu ,&nbsp;Mengyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Jie Liu ,&nbsp;Chunshu Fang ,&nbsp;Wei Guo ,&nbsp;Na Li ,&nbsp;Hongxia Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess the impact of the definition of the Global Leadership Initiative in Sarcopenia (GLIS) on mortality in esophageal cancer (EC) patients, postesophagectomy, within a Chinese cohort and to validate the effectiveness of a new GLIS framework in oncology.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed an observational real-world cohort study in a single center at Daping Hospital of the Army Medical University in China, spanning from December 2014 to July 2022. We used the combined definition of muscle mass and muscle strength in a new GLIS framework for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. Potential covariates were identified through univariate and multivariate analyses. The association between GLIS-defined sarcopenia and mortality was estimated using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox models. We also conducted stratified analyses to assess the stability of multivariable Cox models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 520 EC patients were included in the study, with a median follow-up of 48.7 months. A total of 229 EC patients (44.0%) were identified with GLIS-defined sarcopenia. Patients with GLIS-defined sarcopenia had significantly worse overall survival in Kaplan–Meier curves (log-rank <em>P =</em> 0.015). Age; sex; tumor, node, metastasis stage; blood glucose; bleeding volume in operation; and operating time were introduced as covariates in a fully adjusted Cox model. Multivariable-adjusted Cox models revealed that GLIS-defined sarcopenia was an independent prognostic factor for EC patients postesophagectomy (hazard ratio, 1.87, 95% confidence interval, 1.28–2.74, <em>P =</em> 0.001). Stratified analyses confirmed the stability of the relationship between GLIS-defined sarcopenia and mortality in EC patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>GLIS-defined sarcopenia is prevalent among Chinese EC patients and is linked to increased mortality risk postesophagectomy. This finding offers compelling evidence and serves as a valuable reference for the establishment of an operational definition of GLIS sarcopenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 112600"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a fully automated computed tomography image segmentation method for fast and accurate body composition measurements","authors":"Michelle V. Dietz M.D., PhD ,&nbsp;Karteek Popuri Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Lars Janssen B.Sc. ,&nbsp;Mushfiqus Salehin B.Sc. ,&nbsp;Da Ma Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Vincent Tze Yang Chow B.Sc. ,&nbsp;Hyunwoo Lee Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Cornelis Verhoef M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Eva V.E. Madsen M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Mirza F. Beg Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Jeroen L.A. van Vugt M.D., Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Body composition evaluation can be used to assess patients’ nutritional status to predict clinical outcomes. To facilitate reliable and time-efficient body composition measurements eligible for clinical practice, fully automated computed tomography segmentation methods were developed. The aim of this study was to evaluate automated segmentation by Data Analysis Facilitation Suite in an independent dataset.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Preoperative computed tomography images were used of 165 patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy from 2014 to 2019. Manual and automated measurements of skeletal muscle mass (SMM), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) were performed at the third lumbar vertebra. Segmentation accuracy of automated measurements was assessed using the Jaccard index and intra-class correlation coefficients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Automatic segmentation provided accurate measurements compared to manual analysis, resulting in Jaccard score coefficients of 94.9 for SMM, 98.4 for VAT, 99.1 for SAT, and 79.4 for IMAT. Intra-class correlation coefficients ranged from 0.98 to 1.00. Automated measurements on average overestimated SMM and SAT areas compared to manual analysis, with mean differences (±2 standard deviations) of 1.10 (–1.91 to 4.11) and 1.61 (–2.26 to 5.48) respectively. For VAT and IMAT, automated measurements on average underestimated the areas with mean differences of –1.24 (–3.35 to 0.87) and –0.93 (–5.20 to 3.35), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Commercially available Data Analysis Facilitation Suite provides similar results compared to manual measurements of body composition at the level of third lumbar vertebra. This software provides accurate and time-efficient body composition measurements, which is necessary for implementation in clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 112592"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calf circumference-albumin index significantly predicts the prognosis of older patients with cancer cachexia: A multicenter cohort study","authors":"Pengxia Guo M.M., M.P.H. ,&nbsp;Hongxia Xu M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Min Weng M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Fuxiang Zhou M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Wen Hu M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Suyi Li M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Yuan Lin M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Chunling Zhou M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Hu Ma M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Wei Li M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Jiuwei Cui M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Haoqing Cheng M.M., M.P.H. ,&nbsp;Saba Fida M.M., M.P.H. ,&nbsp;Hanping Shi M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Chunhua Song M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;The Investigation on Nutrition Status and Its Clinical Outcome of Common Cancers (INSCOC) Group","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined prognostic value of calf circumference (CC) and serum albumin on mortality in patients with cancer cachexia aged ≥65 years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This multicenter cohort study involved 5322 older patients in hospital with cancer cachexia. The combined indicator of CC and albumin was defined as the calf circumference-albumin (CCA) index. Harrell's C index, a time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, was used to assess the prognostic performance of the CCA index and other indices. The optimal thresholds method was used to determine the cutoff values of CC and albumin, and the association between the CCA index and all-cause mortality was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 3875 men and 1447 women with a mean age of 72.0 years (range: 68.0–78.0 years) and a mean follow-up time of 55.0 months (range: 25.0–85.0 months) were included in the study. A total of 1269 patients were classified into the low CCA index group (0 score) by the optimal thresholds method. In the overall population, the CCA index showed better differentiating power at predicting mortality in older patients with cancer cachexia compared with CC or albumin alone (C index = 0.639; 95% CI: 0.612–0.666; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the CCA index had the highest prognostic value of all the measures studied (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In the overall population, male and female patients with a high CCA index (2 score) showed better performance than those with a low CCA index (0 or 1 score).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The CCA index could significantly predict the mortality of older patients with cancer cachexia, which might provide renewed assistance for future clinical management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 112594"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A [18F]FDG PET based nomogram to predict cancer-associated cachexia and survival outcome: A multi-center study","authors":"Yang Jiang Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Mouqing Huang M.D. ,&nbsp;Yufei Zhao Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Jingyue Dai Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Qingwen Yang M.D. ,&nbsp;Xingzhe Tang M.D. ,&nbsp;Xinxiang Li Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Ying Cui M.D. ,&nbsp;Jingqi Zhang M.D. ,&nbsp;Jialu Sun M.D. ,&nbsp;Lin Fu M.D. ,&nbsp;Hui Mao Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Xin-Gui Peng M.D., Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Cancer patients with cachexia face poor prognosis and shortened survival. Early diagnosis and accurate prognosis prediction remain challenging. This multi-center study aims to develop and externally validate a nomogram integrating [¹⁸F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([¹⁸F]FDG) PET findings and routine clinical biochemistry tests for predicting cancer-associated cachexia, while also assessing its potential prognostic value.</div></div><div><h3>Research Methods &amp; Procedures</h3><div>A retrospective analysis of 658 cancer patients (390 in the development cohort, 268 in the validation cohort) utilized [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT data from two centers. Logistic regression identified organ-specific standardized uptake values (SUVs) and clinical variables associated with cancer-associated cachexia. Diagnostic accuracy, discriminative ability, and clinical effectiveness were assessed using area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve. Nomogram predictability for overall survival was evaluated through Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier curves.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The combined nomogram incorporating age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.893; <em>P</em> = 0.012), hemoglobin (OR = 2.591; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), maximum SUV of the liver (OR = 3.646; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and minimum SUV of the subcutaneous fat (OR = 5.060; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) achieved good performance in predicting cancer-associated cachexia (AUC = 0.807/0.726, development/validation). Calibration and decision curve analyses confirmed its clinical effectiveness. Kaplan–Meier curves analysis showed that overall survival can be categorized using the combined nomogram (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Combining radiological information from clinical standard [¹⁸F]FDG PET data from cancer patients with biochemical results in their routine clinical blood tests through a well-constructed nomogram enables predicting cachexia and its effect on the prognosis of cancer patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 112593"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of supplementation with probiotic bacteria Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Latilactobacillus curvatus on selected parameters of duodenum iron metabolism in rats on a high-fat, iron-deficient diet","authors":"Katarzyna Skrypnik Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Agnieszka Olejnik-Schmidt D.Sc. ,&nbsp;Joanna Mikołajczyk-Stecyna Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Marcin Schmidt D.Sc. ,&nbsp;Joanna Suliburska D.Sc.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>A high-fat, iron (Fe)-deficient Western diet induces obesity and dysregulates Fe metabolism. We compared the influence of <em>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</em> and <em>Latilactobacillus curvatus</em> with and without Fe supplementation on duodenal Fe uptake under high-fat diet conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Rats were fed a high-fat diet (HF group) or high-fat, Fe-deficient diet (HFDEF group) or control diet (C group) for 8 wk. For the next 8 wk, the rats in the C and HF groups continued on the same diet, whereas the rats in the HFDEF group were divided into six groups and fed high-fat, Fe-deficient diet combinations with <em>L. plantarum</em> (Lp), <em>L. curvatus</em> (Lc), and Fe supplementation (HFDEF, HFDEFFe, HFDEFLp, HFDEFLc, HFDEFFeLp, HFDEFFeLc). Duodenum and serum samples were collected for analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the duodenum, the Fe content was higher in the HFDEFFeLp and HFDEFFeLc groups; the ferroportin level was higher in the HFDEFFeLp and HFDEFFeLc groups versus the HF group; the divalent metal transporter 1 level was higher in the HFDEFFeLc group versus the C and HF groups; and duodenal cytochrome B was higher in the HFDEFLc versus all the other groups. In addition, duodenal expression of the solute carrier family 11 member 2 gene was higher in the HFDEF group versus the C, HF, HFDEFFe, HFDEFFeLp, and HFDEFFeLc groups; that of the <em>TFRC</em> gene was higher in the HFDEFFeLc group versus the C, HF, HFDEF, and HFDEFFe groups; and that of the <em>HJV</em> gene was higher in the HFDEFFeLp group versus the C, HF, HFDEF, HFDEFFe, and HFDEFLc groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div><em>L. plantarum</em> and <em>L. curvatus</em> supplementation shows some potential to enhance duodenal cellular Fe uptake in rats on a high-fat, Fe-deficient diet.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 112591"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latin American Study on parenteral and enteral nutritional therapy—ELANPE Study ELANPE Group","authors":"A. Ferreira Heyn ,&nbsp;C. Bordón Riveros ,&nbsp;M. Morínigo Martínez ,&nbsp;L. Elizeche Serra ,&nbsp;L. Ibarra Samudio ,&nbsp;A. Aguilar-Rabito ,&nbsp;M.E. Goiburú Martinetti ,&nbsp;A.C. Campos ,&nbsp;G. Kliger ,&nbsp;A. Miján de la Torre ,&nbsp;M. Perman ,&nbsp;N. Velasco ,&nbsp;R. Figueredo Grijalba","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We describe the status of medical nutrition therapy in adult patients in several hospitals in Latin America in 2023. with the aim of deepening understanding of its implementation and thus, in turn, contributing to the advancement of future guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This is a descriptive, multicenter, cross-sectional study. An electronic questionnaire was applied, containing screening, nutritional therapy, multidisciplinary nutritional support, and monitoring indicators. Descriptive statistics were used in data processing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 132 hospitals from 14 Latin American countries participated; 68.2% were state-owned with a median of 23,804 patients. In 66% of hospitals (<em>n =</em> 87) nutritional screening is systematically implemented; NRS-2002 (<em>n =</em> 66; 75.9%) applied mostly by dietitians. Median malnutrition at admission was 33% (IQR <em>=</em> 30.8). Median indication for diet therapy was 54.4% (IQR <em>=</em> 44.3); oral supplementation 13.6% (IQR <em>=</em> 18), and enteral and parenteral nutritional support 14.6% (IQR <em>=</em> 10.2). Indication is carried out mostly by dietitians (<em>n =</em> 78; 59.1%). 29.5% (<em>n =</em> 39) of hospitals count on multidisciplinary nutritional support. 75% (<em>n =</em> 99) use industrialized formulas, mostly in closed systems (<em>n =</em> 53; 40.2%). For parenteral nutrition, individually compounded and preprepared solutions are used (<em>n =</em> 71; 53.8%) generally administered by central catheters. Most frequently cited monitoring indicators were hemodynamic instability, metabolic complications, abdominal distension, and gastric residue.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There are still low implementation percentages of nutritional screening, formation of nutritional therapy teams, and use of oral supplements. Malnutrition upon admission is within the expected range.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 112590"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Can ChatGPT provide appropriate meal plans for NCD patients?\" [Nutrition 121 (2024): 112291]","authors":"Ilias Papastratis MSc,&nbsp;Andreas Stergioulas MSc,&nbsp;Dimitrios Konstantinidis PhD,&nbsp;Petros Daras PhD,&nbsp;Kosmas Dimitropoulos PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112532","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 112532"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142292398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does stress compromise fruit and vegetable intake? A randomized controlled trial testing a model with planning as a mediator and stress as a moderator","authors":"Qianqian Ju ,&nbsp;Yiqun Gan ,&nbsp;Huini Peng ,&nbsp;Binghui Li ,&nbsp;Shu Nie ,&nbsp;Ralf Schwarzer","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Individuals experiencing higher stress levels tend to consume fewer fruits and vegetables compared to their less stressed counterparts. Thus, to promote fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption, action planning has been proven effective in translating behavioral intentions into actual dietary behaviors. <em>This study aims to evaluate a 7-day intervention designed to improve FV planning and intake, while also examining the role of stress.</em></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The trial employed a 3 (time: pretest, post-test, and follow-up) * 2 (group: intervention vs. control) between-participant factorial design. A total of 99 young Chinese adults (age = 23.84 years ± 4.63, 26 men) who had formed an explicit intention to consume more fruit and vegetables, participated in a 7-day online randomized controlled trial.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The intervention successfully enhanced FV planning as well as FV intake. Furthermore, a moderated mediation model revealed that FV planning mediated the relationship between experimental conditions and FV intake, with stress moderating this mediation. Specifically, planning facilitated FV intake for individuals with low stress levels, while this effect was not observed for those with high stress levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings confirm the positive impact of the planning intervention on improving FV intake, particularly for individuals with low stress levels, and highlight stress as a barrier to health behavior change that warrants further attention in future studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 112581"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners and gestational diabetes mellitus in Chilean pregnant women: A secondary data analysis of the CHiMINCs-II cohort","authors":"Paola Campos M.P.H. ,&nbsp;Natalia Rebolledo M.S., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Samuel Durán M.S., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Marcela Flores M.P.H. ,&nbsp;Marcela Reyes M.D., M.S., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;María Luisa Garmendia M.D., Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To evaluate the association between consumed non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a cohort of pregnant women from Santiago, Chile.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This secondary data analysis of a cohort.involved 1,472 pregnant women from the Chilean Maternal-Infant Cohort Study-II (CHiMINCs-II). These women received care at primary health care centers in Puente Alto county, South-Eastern Metropolitan Health Service of Santiago, Chile. NNS consumption was estimated using 24-h dietary recalls and linked to the packaged foods nutrition facts panel. Plasma glucose values were extracted from clinical records. GDM was defined according to national criteria: 1) fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥100 and &lt;126 mg/dL at the first antenatal visit; 2) FPG ≥100 mg/dL or 2-hour plasma glucose ≥140 mg/dL in the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 weeks. Cases with a GDM diagnosis in their medical records were also considered regardless of test results. The association between each NNS and GDM was assessed using logistic regression models.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 77.8% of the participants consumed NNS. The most consumed was sucralose (66%), followed by acesulfame-K (43.6%), and steviol glycosides (41.1%). Beverages (82%), dairy (12.4%) and candy products (4.4%) were the primary dietary sources of NNS. The GDM incidence was 18.9%, higher among consumers of any NNS compared to non-consumers (20.3% vs. 14.2%, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The adjusted model showed a significant association between the consumption of any NNS and sucralose and the risk of GDM (OR for any NNS = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.10–2.26; <em>P</em> = 0.014; OR sucralose = 1.44; 95% CI 1.06–1.95; <em>P</em> = 0.020).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The consumption of NNS, particularly sucralose, is associated with an increased risk of GDM in pregnant women. Further studies are essential to validate these results in other contexts and to guide future recommendations for healthier dietary practices among pregnant populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 112560"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term clinical efficacy of dietary fiber supplementation in middle-aged and elderly prediabetic patients","authors":"Ruixue Li ,&nbsp;Jingxian Fang ,&nbsp;Huimin Zou ,&nbsp;Qing Gu ,&nbsp;Yidong Luo ,&nbsp;Xiangyun Liu ,&nbsp;Suijun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Dietary fiber (DF) can be separated from food and convenient to take, and has an important role in diabetes prevention, but long-term intervention data are lacking. This study evaluated the long-term benefits of DF supplementation on body composition, glucose-lipid metabolism, and clinical regression in middle-aged and elderly patients with prediabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A randomized, controlled, open clinical study was conducted. Participants were randomized into a control group receiving health education and an intervention group consuming DF supplements daily before meals (15 g of mixed fiber per serving) for 6 consecutive months based on health education. Follow-up was 1 year with a 6-month cycle. Blood and anthropometric parameters were assessed at baseline and 6 months and 12 months of follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifty-four participants were included in the study, 27 in each group. After 6 months, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 hour plasma glucose (2h PG), and postprandial insulin levels were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to baseline. FPG, 2h PG, glycosylated hemoglobin, triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol values and diabetes incidence were lower than in the control group. After 12 months, blood glucose and diabetes incidence remained lower in the intervention group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>DF supplementation can reduce the degree of central obesity, the levels of FPG and 2h PG, and the incidence of diabetes in middle-aged and older patients with prediabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 112580"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}