Optics and Laser Technology最新文献_第5页

Revelation of the buildup and annihilation dynamics of soliton molecules in a fiber laser 光纤激光器中孤子分子积累与湮灭动力学的揭示

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114915

Longjun Zheng , Huihui Ma , Ding Mao , Zichuan Yuan , Yusheng Zhang , Zuxing Zhang , Yudong Cui

Soliton molecules, akin to chemical molecules, are complex nonlinear states formed by the binding interaction between solitons. The dynamic evolution processes of their buildup and annihilation, as well as the mutual influence between the internal states of soliton molecules and energy, remain unclear. We utilize the dispersive Fourier transform technique to perform real-time spectral measurements of the dynamic processes of soliton molecules in a carbon nanotube mode-locked fiber laser and evolve the complete dynamics from buildup to annihilation. Various internal motions of soliton molecules are revealed, such as continuous attraction, stable oscillation, and dynamic degradation upon disappearance. The results demonstrate that during the buildup process, not only subtle changes in energy affect the stability of soliton molecules, but changes in the state of soliton molecules also lead to intracavity energy fluctuations. During the annihilation process, with the gradual decrease of energy, the interactions of soliton molecules exhibit regular changes. These insights reveal the complex interactions of nonlinear phenomena in non-equilibrium systems, providing an experimental basis for the active control of soliton molecules and their applications in optical storage and encoding.

孤子分子类似于化学分子，是由孤子之间的结合相互作用形成的复杂非线性状态。它们的形成和湮灭的动态演化过程，以及孤子分子内部状态和能量之间的相互影响，目前还不清楚。利用色散傅立叶变换技术对碳纳米管锁模光纤激光器中孤子分子的动态过程进行了实时光谱测量，并推导了从积累到湮灭的完整动力学过程。揭示了孤子分子的各种内部运动，如连续吸引、稳定振荡和消失后的动态退化。结果表明，在形成过程中，不仅能量的细微变化会影响孤子分子的稳定性，孤子分子状态的变化也会引起腔内能量的波动。在湮灭过程中，随着能量的逐渐降低，孤子分子间的相互作用表现出规律性的变化。这些发现揭示了非平衡系统中非线性现象的复杂相互作用，为孤子分子的主动控制及其在光存储和编码中的应用提供了实验基础。

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引用次数: 0

Laser high-efficient chamfering of carbon black and polyester film laminated structure collaborative application of acousto-optic deflector and galvanometer 声光偏转器和振镜的激光高效倒角碳黑和聚酯膜层合结构

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114883

Yufeng Liang , Youmin Rong , Zihao Feng , Tian Zhang , Long Chen , Xiufeng Liu , Guojun Zhang , Yu Huang

Laminated structure of carbon black and polyester film is often manufactured to light-shielding rings, and widely used in optical lens modules. It’s internal round chamfering can reduce stray light and improve lens imaging quality. A high-speed laser chamfering method synergistic using acousto-optic deflector (AOD)-galvanometer was proposed. The concentric circle scanning strategy was selected to reduce thermal effects. The equal pulse distribution between concentric circles was adopted to suppress contour fluctuations on the chamfer surface. In the synergistic AOD-galvanometer process, the galvanometer moved along the concentric circle trajectory, while the AOD rapidly deflected multiple pulses to the same position, reducing the jump time required for galvanometer repeat scanning. Compared to galvanometer scanning, this synergistic processing method reduced average processing time from 1.956 s to 0.869 s, achieving a 55.57% efficiency improvement. To enable controllable machining of chamfer angles, an angle model based on circle spacing and power was established. Model validation was conducted at chamfer angles of 30°, 40°, 50°, and 60°. The average error between predicted and actual machined angles was 0.22° (<5‰), confirming the high accuracy and practicality of the model.

炭黑与聚酯薄膜叠层结构常被制成遮光环，广泛应用于光学透镜模组。内置圆形倒角，减少杂散光，提高镜头成像质量。提出了声光偏转器-振镜协同高速激光倒角的方法。选择同心圆扫描策略以减小热效应。采用同心圆间等脉冲分布抑制倒角表面的轮廓波动。在协同AOD-振镜过程中，振镜沿同心圆轨迹运动，AOD快速将多个脉冲偏转到同一位置，减少了振镜重复扫描所需的跳跃时间。与振镜扫描相比，该协同处理方法将平均处理时间从1.956 s减少到0.869 s，效率提高55.57%。为实现倒角的可控加工，建立了基于圆间距和功率的倒角模型。在30°、40°、50°和60°的倒角处进行模型验证。预测角度与实际加工角度的平均误差为0.22°（<5‰），证实了该模型具有较高的精度和实用性。

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引用次数: 0

Waveguide-enhanced NV center magnetic sensing in diamond via femtosecond laser direct writing 飞秒激光直写波导增强金刚石NV中心磁传感

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114881

Yifan Zhao , Shihan Ding , Yiming Hu , Zhen Shang , Hongliang Liu , Yongjian Gu

The sensitivity of NV-center-based diamond sensors is closely related to the efficiency of fluorescence excitation and collection. Here, we demonstrate a waveguide-enhanced fluorescence approach, in which both the excitation laser (532 nm) and the emitted fluorescence (600–800 nm) are confined within femtosecond-laser-written optical waveguides in diamond. Compared with the point collection method using the same objective lens, this configuration yields a 7.4-fold increase in collected fluorescence intensity, thereby leading to an improvement in the magnetic field sensitivity. Owing to their compact dimensions and intrinsic integrability, the fabricated waveguides are readily compatible with photonic platforms and optical fibers, offering a promising route toward practical and scalable diamond quantum sensors.

基于nv中心的金刚石传感器的灵敏度与荧光激发和收集效率密切相关。在这里，我们展示了一种波导增强荧光方法，其中激发激光（532 nm）和发射荧光（600-800 nm）都被限制在飞秒激光写入的金刚石光波导中。与使用相同物镜的点集成法相比，这种配置使收集到的荧光强度增加7.4倍，从而提高了磁场灵敏度。由于其紧凑的尺寸和固有的可积性，制造的波导很容易与光子平台和光纤兼容，为实用和可扩展的金刚石量子传感器提供了一条有前途的途径。

引用次数: 0

In situ calibration of camera-refraction interface based on analytical refractive imaging equation 基于解析折射成像方程的相机-折射界面原位标定

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114914

Hongzhe Wang, Yang Song, Huajun Cai, Lin Bo, Boyan Zhang, Yunjing Ji, Jiancheng Lai, Zhenhua Li

Camera calibration is an essential process in photogrammetry, serving as a crucial link between the 2D image coordinate system and the 3D world coordinate system. However, when observations are conducted through refractive interfaces, the refraction effects at these interfaces render traditional calibration methods ineffective, significantly compromising measurement accuracy. To address this challenge, we propose a novel camera calibration method based on the analytical refractive imaging (ARI) equation. The ARI method facilitates accurate estimation of camera parameters from distorted images and enables in-situ joint calibration of both the camera and the refractive interface. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method reduces the error to only 10% of that produced by conventional ray-tracing (RT) method. Moreover, while maintaining comparable computational accuracy and efficiency, it effectively mitigates the local convergence issues that may arise in the polynomial fitting (PF) approach. Finally, reconstruction experiments further confirm the accuracy of the proposed method. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing refractive calibration techniques in terms of accuracy while maintaining high precision in 3D reconstruction tasks.

相机标定是摄影测量中的一个重要环节，是连接二维图像坐标系和三维世界坐标系的关键环节。然而，当通过折射界面进行观测时，这些界面的折射效应使传统的校准方法无效，严重影响测量精度。为了解决这一问题，我们提出了一种基于解析性折射成像（ARI）方程的相机标定方法。ARI方法有助于从畸变图像中准确估计相机参数，并实现相机和折射界面的原位联合校准。实验结果表明，该方法的误差仅为传统射线追踪方法的10%。此外，在保持相当的计算精度和效率的同时，它有效地缓解了多项式拟合（PF）方法中可能出现的局部收敛问题。最后，重构实验进一步验证了所提方法的准确性。实验结果表明，该方法在精度上优于现有的屈光校正技术，同时在三维重建任务中保持了较高的精度。

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引用次数: 0

Generation and dynamics of high-energy, narrow-spike noise-like pulses with diverse states in an Yb-doped fiber laser 掺镱光纤激光器中不同状态的高能窄尖峰类噪声脉冲的产生和动力学

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114846

Zhiqiang Li, Zihao Zhang, Jiarui Wang, Xinghao Duan, Yang Zhang, Junli Wang

This study successfully demonstrates the generation of diverse noise-like pulses (NLPs) states, along with systematic investigation of the output characteristics of orthogonally polarized beams under different operational regimes. Stable single- and multi-peaked NLPs states were achieved. Notably, at the single-wavelength operation of 1021.4 nm, the laser delivered a direct average output power of 561 mW, corresponding to a repetition rate of 7.85 MHz. By adjusting the polarization controllers to tune the nonlinear transfer curve, the system demonstrates the evolution from multi-peaked NLPs to a broadband NLPs (B-NLPs), with the B-NLPs exhibiting a minimum coherent spike duration of 50.9 fs. Additionally, the realization of Q-switched NLPs operation achieved a 20-dB bandwidth of 425 nm, indicating remarkable supercontinuum generation capability. These switchable multi states facilitate flexible experimental observation and intracavity polarization analysis, thus establishing a universal platform for studying NLPs dynamics in fiber lasers.

本研究成功地证明了不同类噪声脉冲状态的产生，并系统地研究了不同操作制度下正交极化光束的输出特性。获得了稳定的单峰和多峰nlp状态。值得注意的是，在1021.4 nm的单波长工作下，激光器的直接平均输出功率为561 mW，对应于7.85 MHz的重复频率。通过调节偏振控制器来调整非线性传递曲线，系统呈现出从多峰非相干光阑向宽带非相干光阑（b - nlp）的演变，其中b - nlp的最小相干峰持续时间为50.9 fs。此外，调q nlp操作的实现实现了425 nm的20 db带宽，表明了卓越的超连续谱生成能力。这些可切换的多态有利于灵活的实验观察和腔内偏振分析，从而为研究光纤激光器nlp动力学建立了一个通用平台。

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引用次数: 0

End-to-End design of bimaterial stitching metasurface for snapshot broadband hyperspectral imaging 快照宽带高光谱成像双材料拼接超表面的端到端设计

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114920

Jiayu Di , Zhenming Yu , Wei Zhang , Yanfeng Liu , Liang Lin , Jingyue Ma , Liming Cheng , Tongshuo Zhang , Ning Zhan , Yu Zhang , Kun Xu

Broadband hyperspectral imaging (HSI) enables rich spectral–spatial information acquisition for scientific analysis and cultural heritage preservation. However, compact HSI systems based on single-material metasurfaces are intrinsically bandwidth-limited because most materials offer high refractive index and low absorption only within narrow spectral windows, restricting phase coverage and transmission. In this work, we propose a bimaterial stitching metasurface–based snapshot HSI framework that integrates complementary SiN and Si nanofin regions to achieve efficient phase modulation across the 400–1000 nm range. Based on this 400–1000 nm modulation, we employ polarization multiplexing and end-to-end co-optimization to enable high-accuracy hyperspectral reconstruction. To demonstrate the bimaterial and polarization-multiplexing advantages of the proposed bimaterial metasurface design, we perform comparative studies against single-material (Si and SiN) and single-polarization counterparts. The hybrid Si–SiN structure provides enhanced spectral modulation diversity and more transmission across the 400–1000 nm range, enabling higher-fidelity reconstruction. Cross-dataset evaluation on both our captured in-door dataset and the public ICVL dataset confirms the robustness and generalization capability of the system beyond its training domain. The proposed approach reconstructs 61-channel hyperspectral images across the broadband visible–NIR spectrum, achieving significant improvements in PSNR and SSIM over comparison groups. Moreover, validation on museum manuscripts demonstrates the practical utility of broadband HSI and the robustness of our system. These results establish the bimaterial, polarization-multiplexed metasurface as a compact, high-fidelity solution for portable broadband hyperspectral imaging.

宽带高光谱成像（HSI）为科学分析和文化遗产保护提供了丰富的光谱空间信息获取。然而，基于单一材料超表面的紧凑HSI系统本质上是带宽有限的，因为大多数材料仅在狭窄的光谱窗口内提供高折射率和低吸收，限制了相位覆盖和传输。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种基于双材料拼接超表面的快照HSI框架，该框架集成了互补的SiN和Si纳米fin区域，以实现400-1000 nm范围内的高效相位调制。基于这种400-1000 nm调制，我们采用偏振复用和端到端协同优化来实现高精度的高光谱重建。为了证明所提出的双材料超表面设计的双材料和极化复用优势，我们与单材料（Si和SiN）和单极化对应物进行了比较研究。混合Si-SiN结构提供增强的光谱调制多样性和400-1000 nm范围内的更多传输，实现更高保真度的重建。对我们捕获的室内数据集和公共ICVL数据集的跨数据集评估证实了系统在其训练域之外的鲁棒性和泛化能力。该方法在宽带可见-近红外光谱上重建了61通道高光谱图像，与对照组相比，PSNR和SSIM得到了显著改善。此外，对博物馆手稿的验证证明了宽带HSI的实际效用和我们系统的鲁棒性。这些结果确立了双材料、偏振多路复用超表面作为便携式宽带高光谱成像的紧凑、高保真解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Long-distance drone classification in intracity environments via temporal single-photon detection 基于时间单光子检测的城市环境下远程无人机分类

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114900

Junran Guo , Tonglin Mu , Keyuan Li , Jianing Li , Ziyang Luo , Xiaodong Fan , Ye Chen , Jinquan Huang , Minjie Liu , Ruoyang Qi , Naiting Gu , Hong Cai , Lip Ket Chin , Shihai Sun

Single-photon light detection and ranging (SP-LiDAR) offers exceptional capabilities for long-range imaging or target identification, yet its high system complexity and substantial power/time consumption have hindered deployment in task-oriented applications. In this paper, we present the first experimental demonstration of long-distance drone classification beyond 5 km in a real-world intracity setting using temporal single-photon LiDAR (TSP-LiDAR). Unlike conventional approaches, TSP-LiDAR directly extracts target features from temporal histograms, eliminating the need for imaging optics and computationally intensive reconstruction algorithms. Both simulation and field results confirm that our TSP-LiDAR successfully achieves high classification accuracy under challenging conditions, including low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and sparse echo photon count. Specifically, in our 5 km experiments, we achieve pose and type classification accuracies of 96.11% and 98.06%, respectively, at SNRs ranging from 0.01 to 0.15 and echo photon count rates between 2∼30 kHz. Notably, the system further discriminates fine pitch variations down to approximately 1.15°. These findings underscore the potential of our TSP-LiDAR for robust, long-range classification of small aerial targets, paving the way for advanced urban surveillance and air defense applications.

单光子光探测和测距（SP-LiDAR）为远程成像或目标识别提供了卓越的能力，但其高系统复杂性和大量功耗/时间消耗阻碍了面向任务的应用的部署。在本文中，我们首次展示了在真实城市环境中使用时序单光子激光雷达（TSP-LiDAR）进行超过5公里的远程无人机分类的实验演示。与传统方法不同，TSP-LiDAR直接从时间直方图中提取目标特征，消除了对成像光学器件和计算密集型重建算法的需求。仿真和现场结果都证实，我们的TSP-LiDAR在具有挑战性的条件下，包括低信噪比（SNR）和稀疏回波光子计数，成功地实现了高分类精度。具体来说，在我们的5公里实验中，我们在信噪比为0.01至0.15，回波光子计数率为2 ~ 30 kHz的情况下，分别实现了96.11%和98.06%的姿态和类型分类准确率。值得注意的是，该系统进一步区分小至约1.15°的细微音高变化。这些发现强调了我们的TSP-LiDAR在小型空中目标的强大，远程分类方面的潜力，为先进的城市监视和防空应用铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Region-adaptive DIC with variable speckle parameters for accurate warpage measurement in electronic packaging structures 可变散斑参数的区域自适应DIC用于电子封装结构翘曲的精确测量

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114906

Jianguo Xie, Yuhan Gao, Yuxin Chen, Kezhong Xu, Ziniu Yu, Chuanjia Wang, Yuqi Zhou, Weibin Hui, Fulong Zhu

In recent years, the projection speckle three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D-DIC) method has been progressively applied in microelectronic packaging reliability evaluation, particularly for warpage measurement of substrate structures. However, traditional methods are constrained to a single speckle pattern, particularly when dealing with multi-scale structures in electronic packaging. To address this issue, a region-adaptive projection speckle DIC (R-DIC) method with variable speckle parameters is proposed in this study. By extracting masks of primary regions to generate adaptive speckle patterns for differentiated projection control, the method enables full-field topography measurement of electronic packaging structures while taking into account each component. Full-field topography measurement experiments indicate that, under optimized speckle parameters, the R-DIC method reduces the error between DIC and laser scanning results to within 10 μm, verifying its effectiveness for topography measurement. Additionally, the R-DIC method was applied to thermal warpage testing, enabling real-time monitoring of warpage across the packaging structures at arbitrary temperatures. This study expands the application of DIC method in the reliability assessment of electronic packaging, highlighting its feasibility and advantages in monitoring deformations of complex structures.

近年来，投影散斑三维数字图像相关（3D-DIC）方法已逐步应用于微电子封装可靠性评估，特别是衬底结构翘曲测量。然而，传统的方法仅限于单一的散斑模式，特别是在处理电子封装中的多尺度结构时。针对这一问题，本文提出了一种区域自适应投影散斑DIC （R-DIC）变散斑参数方法。该方法通过提取主要区域的掩模来产生自适应的散斑图案，用于差异化投影控制，从而在考虑每个组件的同时实现电子封装结构的全场形貌测量。现场形貌测量实验表明，在优化散斑参数的情况下，R-DIC方法将DIC与激光扫描结果的误差减小到10 μm以内，验证了其形貌测量的有效性。此外，R-DIC方法应用于热翘曲测试，可以实时监测任意温度下封装结构的翘曲。本研究拓展了DIC方法在电子封装可靠性评估中的应用，突出了DIC方法在复杂结构变形监测中的可行性和优势。

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引用次数: 0

Non-Destructive yield strength evaluation of TA2 titanium by laser ultrasonics 激光超声无损评价TA2钛的屈服强度

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114893

Xing Mao , Xiaochen Wang , Quan Yang , Jingdong Li , Yanjie Zhang , Wenjun Gao , Yingying Meng

Laser ultrasonic technology was applied to nondestructively investigate microstructural evolution and predict yield strength in heat-treated TA2 titanium. A predictive model was established by linking ultrasonic attenuation coefficients to grain size, and then relating grain size to yield strength via the Hall–Petch relationship. Time-frequency analysis extracted key spectral parameters, including attenuation coefficients and energy distribution, effectively reflecting grain coarsening and phase transformation. Results indicate a strong correlation between ultrasonic attenuation, grain size, and yield strength. Air-cooled samples exhibited decreasing peak frequencies and narrowing energy bandwidths with prolonged annealing, whereas water-quenched samples maintained higher frequencies and broader bandwidths, indicating more stable microstructures. The laser ultrasonic inspection framework was validated under different cooling conditions, confirming its feasibility for laboratory-scale yield strength prediction. This study demonstrates the potential of laser ultrasonics as a nondestructive method for predicting mechanical properties in titanium alloys, using attenuation coefficients as a bridge through grain size to yield strength. Future work may focus on extending this approach to industrial heat treatment monitoring and process optimization, highlighting its promise for smart manufacturing applications.

应用激光超声技术对热处理TA2钛合金的显微组织演变进行了无损研究，并对其屈服强度进行了预测。将超声衰减系数与晶粒尺寸联系起来，通过Hall-Petch关系将晶粒尺寸与屈服强度联系起来，建立了预测模型。时频分析提取了衰减系数和能量分布等关键光谱参数，有效反映了晶粒粗化和相变。结果表明，超声衰减、晶粒尺寸和屈服强度之间存在很强的相关性。随着退火时间的延长，风冷样品的峰值频率降低，能量带宽变窄，而水淬样品保持较高的频率和更宽的带宽，表明微观组织更稳定。在不同冷却条件下对激光超声检测框架进行了验证，验证了其在实验室规模屈服强度预测中的可行性。这项研究证明了激光超声作为一种非破坏性方法预测钛合金力学性能的潜力，利用衰减系数作为从晶粒尺寸到屈服强度的桥梁。未来的工作可能侧重于将这种方法扩展到工业热处理监测和工艺优化，突出其在智能制造应用中的前景。

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引用次数: 0

A novel wedges-based laser optomechanical system 2D motion control inverse kinematic algorithm 一种新的基于楔形的激光光机械系统二维运动控制逆运动学算法

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114875

Muyang Ye , Zhennan Tian , Boyan Jiang , Lefeng Ye , Xiaoling Liu , Yongjie Zhao , Gongyu Liu , Haohua Xiu , Hao Nan Li

This paper introduces an innovative wedge-prism-based 2D laser scanning optomechanical system, complemented by an inverse kinematic algorithm that revolutionizes the manufacturing of irregularly shaped trajectories. Based on inverse kinematic analysis of laser beam transmission trajectories, our model presents a novel approach to precisely control the focused laser spot within a two-wedge system. Initially, we utilize image recognition to capture the contour of the desired machining trajectory, transforming it into processing point coordinates. The transition to a polar coordinate system streamlines calculations, allowing for accurate determination of the wedges’ rotational positions at each stage of the machining process. We conduct comparative analyses of various machining results, discussing their implications in relation to experimental outcomes, all grounded in optimization strategies for processing points. A standout feature of our study is the elimination of the need for additional motion control modules, enabling seamless integration of optical equipment into existing helical drilling systems. This integration not only reduces overall system costs but also significantly enhances processing efficiency and effectiveness in creating micro holes and intricately shaped structures. Our findings pave the way for more versatile and efficient laser machining solutions in advanced manufacturing applications.

本文介绍了一种创新的基于楔形棱镜的二维激光扫描光机械系统，辅以逆运动学算法，彻底改变了不规则形状轨迹的制造。基于对光束传输轨迹的逆运动学分析，提出了一种在双楔系统中精确控制激光聚焦光斑的新方法。首先，我们利用图像识别捕获所需加工轨迹的轮廓，并将其转换为加工点坐标。向极坐标系统的过渡简化了计算，允许在加工过程的每个阶段精确确定楔形的旋转位置。我们对各种加工结果进行比较分析，讨论它们与实验结果的关系，所有这些都基于加工点的优化策略。我们研究的一个突出特点是消除了对额外运动控制模块的需求，使光学设备能够无缝集成到现有的螺旋钻井系统中。这种集成不仅降低了整体系统成本，而且显著提高了制造微孔和复杂形状结构的加工效率和有效性。我们的发现为先进制造应用中更通用、更高效的激光加工解决方案铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0