Optics and Laser Technology最新文献

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Optical self-interference bubble produced in femtosecond double-pulse laser ablation for ultrathin film deposition

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112577

Wenpan Tao , Jingya Sun , Manlou Ye , Yang Yang

The surface-ionized air channel on plasma during its expansion critically influences the properties of the shockwave and its interaction with ambient air. In this study, a self-interference bubble induced by double-pulse ablation on a copper surface was observed using a time-resolved shadowgraph imaging technique. This bubble is formed due to stronger local air ionization, which results from the interference of the first reflected pulse with the second incident pulse. We found that the intensity of the two-interference pulse was strongly influenced by the laser fluence and the transmissivity of the materials, thus a smaller bubble was generated with lower laser fluence or higher transparency materials. Meanwhile, the self-interference bubble vanished, as the increasing numerical aperture of the convergent optical lens attenuates the subsequent focusing Rayleigh length. Furthermore, the radial expansion of the bubble was typically a planar (one-dimensional) propagation with half the velocity of light, which is consistent with the evolution of air plasma and shockwaves under the increasing probe delay. Ultrathin copper film with good surface quality was obtained by femtosecond double laser-induced backward transfer, and the geometric parameters of the surface morphology can be adjusted by changing the double pulse delay time. Ultrafast transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy results of the copper film elucidated that the weaker thermal electron transport causes a slower initial thermal diffusion. With the increase of electron temperature and pump–probe delay time, the optical response is dominated by the thermal electron transport process instead of the joint effect of the electron–lattice coupling and thermal electron transport. The electrical thermal transport and electron − lattice coupling properties of copper film and are simultaneously calculated with the thermal conduction and optical response models. These results encourage the further progress of ultrafast double-pulse laser ablation for regulating and controlling material ablation morphology to acquire excellent capabilities.

{"title":"Optical self-interference bubble produced in femtosecond double-pulse laser ablation for ultrathin film deposition","authors":"Wenpan Tao , Jingya Sun , Manlou Ye , Yang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The surface-ionized air channel on plasma during its expansion critically influences the properties of the shockwave and its interaction with ambient air. In this study, a self-interference bubble induced by double-pulse ablation on a copper surface was observed using a time-resolved shadowgraph imaging technique. This bubble is formed due to stronger local air ionization, which results from the interference of the first reflected pulse with the second incident pulse. We found that the intensity of the two-interference pulse was strongly influenced by the laser fluence and the transmissivity of the materials, thus a smaller bubble was generated with lower laser fluence or higher transparency materials. Meanwhile, the self-interference bubble vanished, as the increasing numerical aperture of the convergent optical lens attenuates the subsequent focusing Rayleigh length. Furthermore, the radial expansion of the bubble was typically a planar (one-dimensional) propagation with half the velocity of light, which is consistent with the evolution of air plasma and shockwaves under the increasing probe delay. Ultrathin copper film with good surface quality was obtained by femtosecond double laser-induced backward transfer, and the geometric parameters of the surface morphology can be adjusted by changing the double pulse delay time. Ultrafast transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy results of the copper film elucidated that the weaker thermal electron transport causes a slower initial thermal diffusion. With the increase of electron temperature and pump–probe delay time, the optical response is dominated by the thermal electron transport process instead of the joint effect of the electron–lattice coupling and thermal electron transport. The electrical thermal transport and electron − lattice coupling properties of copper film and are simultaneously calculated with the thermal conduction and optical response models. These results encourage the further progress of ultrafast double-pulse laser ablation for regulating and controlling material ablation morphology to acquire excellent capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 112577"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on the accurate simulation method of stellar spectrum based on the rational selection of unit spectral segments

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112539

Da Xu , Gaofei Sun , Yao Meng , Jierui Zhang , Siwen Chen , Jiayi Qiao

The stellar radiation simulation system is crucial for ground testing of spacecraft, satellite attitude control systems, remote sensing instruments, and space cameras. As the core indicator in stellar radiation simulation, stellar spectra are critical to the accuracy of ground testing and data calibration. Faced with the current issues in stellar spectrum information simulation, this paper aims to explore alternative optical simulation methods. Under the premise of ensuring high spectral simulation accuracy, structural simplicity, and low-number unit spectral segments, we propose a reasonable selection method for the number and parameters of unit spectral segments. The relationship between the unit spectral segment parameters and the accuracy of stellar spectrum simulation is discussed and analyzed in principle, and the boundary conditions between unit spectral segments and simulation accuracy are provided. Based on these, the required unit spectral segment system is designed. We reveal a new approach to designing a stellar spectrum simulation system, achieving accurate simulation of color temperatures ranging from 3000 K to 9000 K within the 500 nm-800 nm spectral range using only four-channel broadband spectral unit segments. Finally, an experimental platform is set up to synchronously test and evaluate the designed system and the stellar spectrum simulation system under spatial light modulation technology, achieving the expected performance.

{"title":"Research on the accurate simulation method of stellar spectrum based on the rational selection of unit spectral segments","authors":"Da Xu , Gaofei Sun , Yao Meng , Jierui Zhang , Siwen Chen , Jiayi Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The stellar radiation simulation system is crucial for ground testing of spacecraft, satellite attitude control systems, remote sensing instruments, and space cameras. As the core indicator in stellar radiation simulation, stellar spectra are critical to the accuracy of ground testing and data calibration. Faced with the current issues in stellar spectrum information simulation, this paper aims to explore alternative optical simulation methods. Under the premise of ensuring high spectral simulation accuracy, structural simplicity, and low-number unit spectral segments, we propose a reasonable selection method for the number and parameters of unit spectral segments. The relationship between the unit spectral segment parameters and the accuracy of stellar spectrum simulation is discussed and analyzed in principle, and the boundary conditions between unit spectral segments and simulation accuracy are provided. Based on these, the required unit spectral segment system is designed. We reveal a new approach to designing a stellar spectrum simulation system, achieving accurate simulation of color temperatures ranging from 3000 K to 9000 K within the 500 nm-800 nm spectral range using only four-channel broadband spectral unit segments. Finally, an experimental platform is set up to synchronously test and evaluate the designed system and the stellar spectrum simulation system under spatial light modulation technology, achieving the expected performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 112539"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Miniaturized Fabry-Perot fiber-optic microphone based on capillary tube and hydrogel diaphragm

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112582

Lieber Po-Hung Li , Shao-Chun He , Quoc-Thinh Dinh , Yi-Cin Wu , Wei-Yu Chen , Wei-Chun Chen , Ying-Hui Lai , Cheng-Yang Liu

Material selection and structure design of acoustic transducers are crucial in optimizing the sensitivity of optical microphones. In this study, we propose a high-sensitivity miniaturized Fabry-Perot fiber-optic microphone based on a capillary tube and hydrogel diaphragm. The fiber-optic microphone comprises a cleaved single-mode optical fiber, a cleaved capillary tube, and a hydrogel diaphragm. The diameter and thickness of the hydrogel diaphragm are 75 μm and 24 μm. The sizes of the fiber-optic microphone head are only about 125 μm in diameter and 170 μm in length. A detailed study of the acoustic sensing test of the fabricated fiber-optic microphone depending on the hydrogel concentration is carried out. The fabricated fiber-optic microphone works at 1550 nm wavelength, which exhibits great stability in a frequency response range from 100 Hz to 10 kHz with excellent fidelity and high linearity of ∼1. The highest sensitivities for 40% and 80% hydrogel diaphragms are 122 mV/Pa and 410 mV/Pa, respectively. The noise-limited minimum detectable pressure levels are 66.69 μPa/Hz^1/2@400 Hz and 44.37 μPa/Hz^1/2@400 Hz at 40% and 80% hydrogel concentrations. The fiber-optic microphone fabricated in this work is simple structure, low cost, electromagnetic robust, high compactness and stability, which has great potential in photoacoustic imaging, structure health monitoring, and non-destructive detection applications.

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引用次数: 0

Broadband metamaterial absorber based on plasmonic nanodisk array and its application in boosting the performance of photodetector

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112581

Xuefei Wang , Huanyu Lu , Bin Wang , Mingxiu Liu , Guangtong Guo , Siyao Ma , Jinguang Lv , Jingqiu Liang , Weibiao Wang

In this work, we present the design and fabrication of the broadband metamaterial absorber (MA) based on plasmonic nanodisk arrays. The proposed MA structure exhibits a high average absorption of 96.68 % in simulation and 80 % in experiment, which covering the broadband spectrum range from visible to near-infrared (400 to 1000 nm). Furthermore, a plasmonic perovskite photodetector (PD) functionalized by the proposed plasmonic MA structure was fabricated to exploring its potential applications in boosting the performance of PD. The results demonstrate that the plasmonic PD achieves 3.5 times enhancement in the responsivity compared with the normal PD (without plasmonic MA structure). The reported broadband MA structure can be used as a universal plasmonic platform for a wide range of applications including PDs, solar cells and other optoelectronic devices.

引用次数: 0

A novel approach to surface roughness quantification in semiconductor packaging using quantitative metrics based on BRDF analysis

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112578

Wanhee Han , Wan-Chin Kim , No-Cheol Park

The roughness of epoxy molding compound (EMC) surfaces in semiconductor packaging varies considerably depending on the packaging process and material composition. Monitoring this roughness during manufacturing is essential for quality control. In this study, a novel quantitative roughness index for semiconductor packaging EMC surfaces is proposed based on the bidirectional reflection distribution function (BRDF) model, which effectively quantifies EMC surface roughness. The newly designed Cartesian tensor-based BRDF estimation model, which referred to as “hybrid model” in this study, renders surface images with respect to the illumination direction, which makes it ideal for quantifying the roughness of EMC surfaces. The proposed quantitative roughness index is then calculated by integrating the power spectral density of the rendered image over the effective frequency range, which shows a high correlation with EMC surface roughness. In order to verify the proposed method, 1,381 EMC samples, categorized into four groups based on packaging process and material composition, were prepared across eleven types. The surface roughness of these samples was evaluated using the proposed method, confirming that the EMC types within each group can be clearly distinguished.

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引用次数: 0

Structure and texture of weld banded interfaces in aluminum alloys

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112536

Zhengwu Zhu , Peng Deng , Libo Wang , Xiuquan Ma , Junguo Xu

In this paper, a 14 μm core diameter laser was adopted to deep-penetration weld 2A12 aluminum alloy. The high energy density and severe laser-material interactions produced new-found banded interfaces ranging from 12 μm to 28 μm. Overall, there was a laminar feature originating from the fusion line, especially at the bottom. Far away from the lower middle position, the laminar structure presented an alternative appearance of narrow coarse equiaxed bands between stable cellular and dendritic growth. Adjacent to keyhole, an additional planar growth was found to evolve from the already solidified zone or even nonmelted base metal. Under this condition, continuous epitaxial growth (pole density: 7.0) was blocked and resultantly transformed into extremely fine grains (pole density: 3.5) in the weld bottom. Metallurgically, local heat and mechanical fluctuations transmitted from wall surface of keyhole decreased the temperature gradient and elevated the supercooling at the solidification front. In the weld bottom, extremely high temperature gradient and solidification rate left merely instant time for solidification, therefore promoting the planar growth. In the subsequent growth, an alternant rise-and-fall supercooling produced the recurrent columnar-to-equiaxed structural transformation.

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引用次数: 0

Laser interference Photocuring: Fabrication of transmission diffraction gratings by one-step method

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112585

Shenzhi Wang , Tong Liu , Tao Li , Guanqun Wang , Chuanchuan Guo , Mengyao Zhu , Ri Liu , Zhibo Zhang , Hongmei Xu , Jia Xu , Zuobin Wang , Wenhao Li , Zhankun Weng

To face the challenges of expensive photoresist and complex process flow for fabricating diffraction grating structures, we propose an additive manufacturing (AM) strategy to obtain transmissive diffraction grating structures by laser interference photocuring (LIP). In this paper, the transmission diffraction gratings with a period of 7.5 μm is designed, and SEM images showed that the obtained period is about 7.40 μm ± 0.02 μm (the error approximately1.3 %). Furthermore, the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) revealed that the carbon element is uniformly distributed on the structure of the transmission diffraction grating structures, and that the carbon element has a linear increasing trend with the increase of the LIP time. Eventually, the carbon element completely covered whole area after the LIP for 2 s. Moreover, these gratings also showed obviously diffractive performance, in which the efficiency was about 37 % at the zero-order, and it reach about 18 % at the first-order. Finally, a model was established to discuss the evolution of the grating structures. In conclusion, we have explored a new way to fabricate transmissive grating structures by LIP, which also provides new insights for scientists to achieve low-cost and high-efficiency fabrication of micro- and nanostructures on the surface of transparent substrates.

{"title":"Laser interference Photocuring: Fabrication of transmission diffraction gratings by one-step method","authors":"Shenzhi Wang , Tong Liu , Tao Li , Guanqun Wang , Chuanchuan Guo , Mengyao Zhu , Ri Liu , Zhibo Zhang , Hongmei Xu , Jia Xu , Zuobin Wang , Wenhao Li , Zhankun Weng","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To face the challenges of expensive photoresist and complex process flow for fabricating diffraction grating structures, we propose an additive manufacturing (AM) strategy to obtain transmissive diffraction grating structures by laser interference photocuring (LIP). In this paper, the transmission diffraction gratings with a period of 7.5 μm is designed, and SEM images showed that the obtained period is about 7.40 μm ± 0.02 μm (the error approximately1.3 %). Furthermore, the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) revealed that the carbon element is uniformly distributed on the structure of the transmission diffraction grating structures, and that the carbon element has a linear increasing trend with the increase of the LIP time. Eventually, the carbon element completely covered whole area after the LIP for 2 s. Moreover, these gratings also showed obviously diffractive performance, in which the efficiency was about 37 % at the zero-order, and it reach about 18 % at the first-order. Finally, a model was established to discuss the evolution of the grating structures. In conclusion, we have explored a new way to fabricate transmissive grating structures by LIP, which also provides new insights for scientists to achieve low-cost and high-efficiency fabrication of micro- and nanostructures on the surface of transparent substrates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 112585"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143376562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reconstructing visible-near-infrared hyperspectral images via liquid crystal based optoelectronic hybrid neural network

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112521

Shiqi Li, Hui Li, Tian Li, Xiaoyue Song, Yuntao Wu

We introduce an Optoelectronic Hybrid Neural Network (OHNN) that integrates software and hardware optimizations to enable the simultaneous reconstruction of visible-near-infrared (VIS-NIR) hyperspectral images. The network employs a linear polarizer (LP) and liquid crystal (LC) microlens array (MLA). We harness the polarization and electrically controlled tunable properties of LC-MLA in conjunction with digital optics technology to construct a software-defined dispersion element digital prism (DP). The OHNN can reconstruct VIS-NIR hyperspectral images, ranging from 400 nm to 900 nm, from limited datasets with a spectral accuracy of 10 nm. The reconstructed hyperspectral images boast a Peak signal-to-noise ratio of approximately 31 dB, marking a 3.2 % improvement over existing state-of-the-art methods.

引用次数: 0

Vat photopolymerization of a novel green composite bioceramic body with Ca3(PO4)2 / MgO: Slurry preparation, monolayer curing depth and excess curing width

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112549

Mengxing Ge , Maimaitijiang Mamuti , Deqiao Xie , Yun Ye , Youwen Yang , Huixin Liang , Yang Liu , Xinghai Ning , Zongjun Tian

In recent years, additive manufacturing of biodegradable composite ceramics has attracted widespread attention. This study explores the vat photopolymerization (VP) of Ca₃(PO₄)₂ / MgO composite ceramics, investigating the VP slurry and the effects of material composition and light-curing parameters on the monolayer curing depth and excess curing width of the green body. When the curing parameters are consistent, the monolayer curing depth of the Ca₃(PO₄)₂ group, composite group, and MgO group samples decreases successively. Whereas, the excess curing width sequentially increases. When the material is the same and the exposure energy is constant, the impact of exposure time on monolayer curing depth is higher than that of exposure intensity. Regarding excess curing width, the situation is completely reversed. This research serves as a reference for the development of composite ceramic slurries and the process of photopolymerization, providing theoretical guidance for controlling the precision of subsequent photopolymerization shaping.

{"title":"Vat photopolymerization of a novel green composite bioceramic body with Ca3(PO4)2 / MgO: Slurry preparation, monolayer curing depth and excess curing width","authors":"Mengxing Ge , Maimaitijiang Mamuti , Deqiao Xie , Yun Ye , Youwen Yang , Huixin Liang , Yang Liu , Xinghai Ning , Zongjun Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, additive manufacturing of biodegradable composite ceramics has attracted widespread attention. This study explores the vat photopolymerization (VP) of Ca<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> / MgO composite ceramics, investigating the VP slurry and the effects of material composition and light-curing parameters on the monolayer curing depth and excess curing width of the green body. When the curing parameters are consistent, the monolayer curing depth of the Ca<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> group, composite group, and MgO group samples decreases successively. Whereas, the excess curing width sequentially increases. When the material is the same and the exposure energy is constant, the impact of exposure time on monolayer curing depth is higher than that of exposure intensity. Regarding excess curing width, the situation is completely reversed. This research serves as a reference for the development of composite ceramic slurries and the process of photopolymerization, providing theoretical guidance for controlling the precision of subsequent photopolymerization shaping.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 112549"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143150116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-reference-based sampling frequency offset estimation method for 60-Gbps 50-m photonics-aided D-band IM/DD wireless transmission system

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112434

Jianyu Long , Xiongwei Yang , Mingxu Wang , Long Zhang , Chen Wang , Bohan Sang , Chengzhen Bian , Kaihui Wang , Wen Zhou , Feng Zhao , Xianming Zhao , Jianjun Yu

In this article, we successfully realize 60-Gbps 50-m photonics-aided D-band IM/DD wireless transmission, enabling by a novel cross-reference-based (CRb) sampling frequency offset (SFO) estimation method. We analyze it through theoretical derivation, simulation, and experimentation, enabling the BER of a 30-GBaud PAM-4 signal calculated from up to 2,998,272 continuous symbols within a 100-us time window meeting the 25% SD-FEC threshold. Besides, all the outcomes prove the effectiveness of the proposed method, which can enhance the performance of future optical wireless communication systems and other digital DSP-based communication systems.

引用次数: 0

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Optics and Laser Technology

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