Pub Date : 2026-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114894
Zhengkang Xu , Jin Niu , Huixiang Lin , Yongjun Ma , Hao Xu , Yutong Wang , Yunsong Liang , Changjun Ke , Fucai Zhang , Xiaoshi Zhang , Jie Li , Zhongwei Fan
With the advancement of attosecond science, probing ultrafast processes at unprecedented scales has become possible, opening new frontiers in ultrafast imaging. The spectrum of ultrafast attosecond pulses typically exhibits a broad bandwidth rather than monochromatic radiation, presenting significant challenges for image reconstruction. In this study, we introduce a novel algorithm, Extended Numerical Monochromatization (ENM), which imposes a prior constraint on the solution of numerical monochromatization. This approach enables precise numerical monochromatization of broadband diffraction patterns, achieving a substantial improvement in resolution by approximately 2 times, as demonstrated in experimental results with 15% bandwidth light source. Notably, ENM maintains robust reconstruction performance even with a substantial reduction in the spectral sampling rate. The method is applicable to various broadband sources, including both continuous and discrete spectra, under the assumption of investigating non-dispersive specimens. Additionally, we introduce an improved method for constructing the key matrix in the numerical monochromatization process, resulting in a significant speedup. For example, the computation time was reduced by up to 18 times in selected cases, and the speedup increases even further as the data size grows. With its increased speed, high accuracy, and robustness, ENM provides a new perspective and powerful tool for ultrafast imaging at the attosecond scale.
{"title":"Extended numerical monochromatization for broadband phase retrieval","authors":"Zhengkang Xu , Jin Niu , Huixiang Lin , Yongjun Ma , Hao Xu , Yutong Wang , Yunsong Liang , Changjun Ke , Fucai Zhang , Xiaoshi Zhang , Jie Li , Zhongwei Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the advancement of attosecond science, probing ultrafast processes at unprecedented scales has become possible, opening new frontiers in ultrafast imaging. The spectrum of ultrafast attosecond pulses typically exhibits a broad bandwidth rather than monochromatic radiation, presenting significant challenges for image reconstruction. In this study, we introduce a novel algorithm, Extended Numerical Monochromatization (ENM), which imposes a prior constraint on the solution of numerical monochromatization. This approach enables precise numerical monochromatization of broadband diffraction patterns, achieving a substantial improvement in resolution by approximately 2 times, as demonstrated in experimental results with 15% bandwidth light source. Notably, ENM maintains robust reconstruction performance even with a substantial reduction in the spectral sampling rate. The method is applicable to various broadband sources, including both continuous and discrete spectra, under the assumption of investigating non-dispersive specimens. Additionally, we introduce an improved method for constructing the key matrix in the numerical monochromatization process, resulting in a significant speedup. For example, the computation time was reduced by up to 18 times in selected cases, and the speedup increases even further as the data size grows. With its increased speed, high accuracy, and robustness, ENM provides a new perspective and powerful tool for ultrafast imaging at the attosecond scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114894"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114891
Hanlin Liu , Qiang Li , Xinyang Tong , Shuya Han , Junchen Zhu , Jiqi Wang , Chenjing Han
To improve the accuracy and efficiency of light field three dimensional (3D) salient object detection, this paper proposes a Mamba-based lightweight detection framework named LFSamba. The method utilizes the linear complexity global modeling capability of Mamba to achieve high-precision detection while reducing the number of parameters and computational cost. LFSamba enhances computational efficiency and detection accuracy by introducing a saliency-guided selective scanning mechanism. This mechanism preserves spatial continuity and suppresses redundant non-salient information effectively. Experimental results show that LFSamba achieves excellent performance in multiple 3D scenes. The proposed method improves accuracy by more than 60% and reduces parameters by 50% compared with CNN and Transformer methods. It provides an efficient and robust solution for medical image analysis and 3D visualization.
{"title":"LFSamba: High-efficiency light field integral imaging 3D salient object detection method based on Mamba","authors":"Hanlin Liu , Qiang Li , Xinyang Tong , Shuya Han , Junchen Zhu , Jiqi Wang , Chenjing Han","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To improve the accuracy and efficiency of light field three dimensional (3D) salient object detection, this paper proposes a Mamba-based lightweight detection framework named LFSamba. The method utilizes the linear complexity global modeling capability of Mamba to achieve high-precision detection while reducing the number of parameters and computational cost. LFSamba enhances computational efficiency and detection accuracy by introducing a saliency-guided selective scanning mechanism. This mechanism preserves spatial continuity and suppresses redundant non-salient information effectively. Experimental results show that LFSamba achieves excellent performance in multiple 3D scenes. The proposed method improves accuracy by more than 60% and reduces parameters by 50% compared with CNN and Transformer methods. It provides an efficient and robust solution for medical image analysis and 3D visualization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114891"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114904
Kuanxin Tang , Chao Wang , Zeming Feng , Yukui Cai , Xing Li , Xiaoliang Liang , Haifeng Ma , Zhanqiang Liu
Microstructures are widely employed in superhydrophobic surfaces; therefore, understanding their mechanical influence is essential for practical application of these surfaces. This study investigates the effects of six common microstructure types, including circular protrusions, square pits, and horizontal stripes, on the tensile and fatigue performance of 316 L stainless steel through experimental testing and finite element analysis (FEA). The results reveal that raised microstructures significantly compromise mechanical performance compared to concave microstructures. Furthermore, among microstructures of the same morphological features (either raised or concave), circular microstructures outperform square ones in retaining mechanical strength. The performance of stripe microstructures depends on their orientation. Regarding tensile properties, these findings can be attributed to the varying degrees of volume loss and stress concentration effects caused by different microstructure types. Fatigue behavior is dictated by the influence of types on the maximum surface stress and stress distribution, the latter of which directly affect the stress gradient, number of crack initiation sites, and crack propagation rate. These findings suggest that horizontal stripes represent the most viable microstructure design for superhydrophobic surfaces, offering an effective compromise between functionality and mechanical reliability.
{"title":"Femtosecond laser fabrication process of surface microstructures and their influence on mechanical properties","authors":"Kuanxin Tang , Chao Wang , Zeming Feng , Yukui Cai , Xing Li , Xiaoliang Liang , Haifeng Ma , Zhanqiang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microstructures are widely employed in superhydrophobic surfaces; therefore, understanding their mechanical influence is essential for practical application of these surfaces. This study investigates the effects of six common microstructure types, including circular protrusions, square pits, and horizontal stripes, on the tensile and fatigue performance of 316 L stainless steel through experimental testing and finite element analysis (FEA). The results reveal that raised microstructures significantly compromise mechanical performance compared to concave microstructures. Furthermore, among microstructures of the same morphological features (either raised or concave), circular microstructures outperform square ones in retaining mechanical strength. The performance of stripe microstructures depends on their orientation. Regarding tensile properties, these findings can be attributed to the varying degrees of volume loss and stress concentration effects caused by different microstructure types. Fatigue behavior is dictated by the influence of types on the maximum surface stress and stress distribution, the latter of which directly affect the stress gradient, number of crack initiation sites, and crack propagation rate. These findings suggest that horizontal stripes represent the most viable microstructure design for superhydrophobic surfaces, offering an effective compromise between functionality and mechanical reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114904"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114907
Xiang Wang , Huijiang Wang , Zhaojie Sun , Fan Ye , Fumiya Iida
Fibre optic sensors are widely used to monitor structural deformation. In conventional systems, the optical sensing signals are first converted into electrical signals for subsequent processing by integrated circuits, and the results are then displayed on external devices. As a result, traditional fibre optic sensors generally only have sensing capabilities and lack the ability to directly convey information about the detected deformation. This paper presents a fibre optic sensing strategy that integrates both sensing and expression, using a pair of dissipative optical fibre sensors embedded in a deformable, translucent soft material. Through the structural design of optical fibres, the optical fibres generate directionally related light leakage when bending the fibres. The spatial information associated with the bending is encoded in colour by the sensor pair and shown on the soft material, thereby expressing its spatial information to the outside world. This allows real-time, visual expression of spatial status-related information. This strategy extends the functional boundaries of fibre optic sensors, from passive sensing to sensing and colour expression. This integrated sensing-expression approach could offer rapid-response interaction for some applications in systems such as soft robots and wearable devices.
{"title":"Integrated sensing and colour expression of spatial status using a fibre optic sensor pair","authors":"Xiang Wang , Huijiang Wang , Zhaojie Sun , Fan Ye , Fumiya Iida","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fibre optic sensors are widely used to monitor structural deformation. In conventional systems, the optical sensing signals are first converted into electrical signals for subsequent processing by integrated circuits, and the results are then displayed on external devices. As a result, traditional fibre optic sensors generally only have sensing capabilities and lack the ability to directly convey information about the detected deformation. This paper presents a fibre optic sensing strategy that integrates both sensing and expression, using a pair of dissipative optical fibre sensors embedded in a deformable, translucent soft material. Through the structural design of optical fibres, the optical fibres generate directionally related light leakage when bending the fibres. The spatial information associated with the bending is encoded in colour by the sensor pair and shown on the soft material, thereby expressing its spatial information to the outside world. This allows real-time, visual expression of spatial status-related information. This strategy extends the functional boundaries of fibre optic sensors, from passive sensing to sensing and colour expression. This integrated sensing-expression approach could offer rapid-response interaction for some applications in systems such as soft robots and wearable devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114907"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114880
Yuxin Chen , Jun Huang , Rongwei Yu , Zhibo Zhao , Yunfeng Rui , Kehong Wang
Through in vivo experiments on full-thickness skin wounds in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats treated with three repair methods—dual-laser, single-laser, and surgical suture—the dual-laser skin repair system was further refined. By employing immunofluorescence staining of fibroblasts and ELISA-based analysis of gene expression levels of fibroblast-related factors, the mechanism underlying the regulation of fibroblast factor secretion was revealed. It was observed that aggregated fibroblast secretion occurred in the wound area within 4–5 days after dual-laser treatment, followed by complete wound closure within 5–7 days and no collagen fibrosis within 21 days. The dual beam laser energy, while maintaining the same total output with single beam, was effectively partitioned and precisely controlled between the two beams to avoid localized high energy delivery and consequent additional thermal damage. This configuration enabled broad-area photothermal irradiation, substantially altering the wall-like structure of the dermal base and disrupted collagen on both sides of the wound rather than only the bottom of wound. These results validate the effectiveness of the dual-laser approach in enhancing healing speed and suppressing collagen fibrosis in live tissue. The study contributes to the methodology system for rapid skin wound repair, achieving accelerated healing while mitigating potential collagen fibrosis. Furthermore, the findings offer valuable insights for laser fusion techniques in other biological tissues.
{"title":"Revealing the mechanism of scar-minimizing skin wound repair by dual-beam laser","authors":"Yuxin Chen , Jun Huang , Rongwei Yu , Zhibo Zhao , Yunfeng Rui , Kehong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Through in vivo experiments on full-thickness skin wounds in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats treated with three repair methods—dual-laser, single-laser, and surgical suture—the dual-laser skin repair system was further refined. By employing immunofluorescence staining of fibroblasts and ELISA-based analysis of gene expression levels of fibroblast-related factors, the mechanism underlying the regulation of fibroblast factor secretion was revealed. It was observed that aggregated fibroblast secretion occurred in the wound area within 4–5 days after dual-laser treatment, followed by complete wound closure within 5–7 days and no collagen fibrosis within 21 days. The dual beam laser energy, while maintaining the same total output with single beam, was effectively partitioned and precisely controlled between the two beams to avoid localized high energy delivery and consequent additional thermal damage. This configuration enabled broad-area photothermal irradiation, substantially altering the wall-like structure of the dermal base and disrupted collagen on both sides of the wound rather than only the bottom of wound. These results validate the effectiveness of the dual-laser approach in enhancing healing speed and suppressing collagen fibrosis in live tissue. The study contributes to the methodology system for rapid skin wound repair, achieving accelerated healing while mitigating potential collagen fibrosis. Furthermore, the findings offer valuable insights for laser fusion techniques in other biological tissues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114880"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114921
Yujing Shen , Yan Xuan , Shuo Sun , Pengcheng Du , Jin Li
Driven by increasing demand for portable magnetic field detection in multiple application scenarios, optically pumped atomic magnetometers (OPAMs) are rapidly advancing toward smaller, portable designs, with the single-beam elliptically polarized architecture offering inherent compactness due to its simplified optical path. However, traditional implementations that use bulky multiple waveplates for polarization conversion fundamentally hinder system miniaturization. This study proposes and experimentally validates a new scheme for a chip-scale integrated OPAM. The scheme is based on a 39K atom system with an Mx-mode, single-beam configuration. Its core innovation lies in employing a polarization-independent cascaded metasurface to replace the traditional multi-component polarization optics system with a monolithic device. Experiments demonstrate that this scheme, under a 10,000 nT magnetic field, maintains a sensitivity comparable to that of a commercial waveplate-based system (approximately 8.36pT/Hz1/2 in the 70–90 Hz band) while achieving a reduction in the core optical module volume of over 60% and keeping polarization control accuracy within 3%. This work successfully verifies the feasibility of the metasurface-based approach for realizing miniaturized, manual-alignment-free optical pumping, thereby paving the way for and laying a key technical foundation for the eventual realization of fully chip-integrated, field-deployable quantum magnetometers.
{"title":"A miniaturized atomic magnetometer enabled by cascaded metasurfaces","authors":"Yujing Shen , Yan Xuan , Shuo Sun , Pengcheng Du , Jin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Driven by increasing demand for portable magnetic field detection in multiple application scenarios, optically pumped atomic magnetometers (OPAMs) are rapidly advancing toward smaller, portable designs, with the single-beam elliptically polarized architecture offering inherent compactness due to its simplified optical path. However, traditional implementations that use bulky multiple waveplates for polarization conversion fundamentally hinder system miniaturization. This study proposes and experimentally validates a new scheme for a chip-scale integrated OPAM. The scheme is based on a <sup>39</sup>K atom system with an Mx-mode, single-beam configuration. Its core innovation lies in employing a polarization-independent cascaded metasurface to replace the traditional multi-component polarization optics system with a monolithic device. Experiments demonstrate that this scheme, under a 10,000 nT magnetic field, maintains a sensitivity comparable to that of a commercial waveplate-based system (approximately 8.36pT/Hz<sup>1/2</sup> in the 70–90 Hz band) while achieving a reduction in the core optical module volume of over 60% and keeping polarization control accuracy within 3%. This work successfully verifies the feasibility of the metasurface-based approach for realizing miniaturized, manual-alignment-free optical pumping, thereby paving the way for and laying a key technical foundation for the eventual realization of fully chip-integrated, field-deployable quantum magnetometers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114921"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114838
Houxiao Wang , Jilong Li , Wuhong Xin
More and more structural members have been fabricated by using the premium aluminum alloy 7075 (AA7075) because of its excellent properties such as ultra high strength and very high specific strength. However, the AA7075 is a difficult-to-clad material, which usually can not meet the harsh long-term service requirements for the corrosive environments and/or under the wear working conditions. Accordingly, in this study, the novel FeAl50CrNi composite powder, which is the Fe-Al based alloy cladding powder properly mixed by SS304, Fe60 and Al with a recommended weight percent ratio of 2:3:5, is first reported based on the composition ratio design, comparison and proper selection. Assisted by preheating and heat preservation, the FeAl50CrNi composite powder was utilized for carrying out laser cladding experiments on the AA7075 plate surfaces via altering key laser parameters. It was indicated that the challenging problems (e.g., serious occurrence of cracks and pores, incomplete melt, slag entrapment, as well as poor interface fusion and joining) usually encountered during laser cladding for aluminum alloys were concurrently well solved by using the newly-developed composite cladding powder, as well as preferred defocus distance of −5 mm, focal spot diameter of 4.5 mm, and laser power of 1600 W. That is to say, the high-quality FeAl50CrNi composite coatings, which were well melted, mixed, fused and then metallurgically and reliably bound onto the AA7075 plate surfaces, were successfully achieved nearly without cladding defects by using laser cladding in this work. As compared to the AA7075 substrate, the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of laser cladded high-quality FeAl50CrNi composite coatings were improved concurrently and effectively by using a proper laser power of 1600 W. Such improvements achieved were reported in terms of a maximum micro hardness improvement of 116.67%, an averaged friction coefficient reduction of 31.43%, a wear loss reduction of 77.66% during half an hour, and a reduction of 31.23% in corrosion current density. As demonstrated, as a result of the notable alterations in terms of the effective energy inputs, laser fluences, heating–cooling rates and element diffusion, the microstructure characteristics notably altered from the coating top to the fusion zone inside the laser cladded area. Interestingly, these internal coating microstructure changes were characterized primarily by means of the dispersively distributed acicular Fe-Al intermetallic compounds (coating top), the dispersively distributed tiny second phase particles (coating middle), and the fine equiaxed and columnar grains (fusion zone). Importantly, such microstructure characteristics made the coatings possess the overall good mechanical performance in strength, ductility and toughness, micro hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
{"title":"Laser cladding of crack-free reliably-joined FeAl50CrNi composite coatings with minimized porosity and improved microstructure to notably enhance electrochemical corrosion plus wear resistance for aluminum alloy 7075 plate surfaces","authors":"Houxiao Wang , Jilong Li , Wuhong Xin","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>More and more structural members have been fabricated by using the premium aluminum alloy 7075 (AA7075) because of its excellent properties such as ultra high strength and very high specific strength. However, the AA7075 is a difficult-to-clad material, which usually can not meet the harsh long-term service requirements for the corrosive environments and/or under the wear working conditions. Accordingly, in this study, the novel FeAl50CrNi composite powder, which is the Fe-Al based alloy cladding powder properly mixed by SS304, Fe60 and Al with a recommended weight percent ratio of 2:3:5, is first reported based on the composition ratio design, comparison and proper selection. Assisted by preheating and heat preservation, the FeAl50CrNi composite powder was utilized for carrying out laser cladding experiments on the AA7075 plate surfaces via altering key laser parameters. It was indicated that the challenging problems (e.g., serious occurrence of cracks and pores, incomplete melt, slag entrapment, as well as poor interface fusion and joining) usually encountered during laser cladding for aluminum alloys were concurrently well solved by using the newly-developed composite cladding powder, as well as preferred defocus distance of −5 mm, focal spot diameter of 4.5 mm, and laser power of 1600 W. That is to say, the high-quality FeAl50CrNi composite coatings, which were well melted, mixed, fused and then metallurgically and reliably bound onto the AA7075 plate surfaces, were successfully achieved nearly without cladding defects by using laser cladding in this work. As compared to the AA7075 substrate, the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of laser cladded high-quality FeAl50CrNi composite coatings were improved concurrently and effectively by using a proper laser power of 1600 W. Such improvements achieved were reported in terms of a maximum micro hardness improvement of 116.67%, an averaged friction coefficient reduction of 31.43%, a wear loss reduction of 77.66% during half an hour, and a reduction of 31.23% in corrosion current density. As demonstrated, as a result of the notable alterations in terms of the effective energy inputs, laser fluences, heating–cooling rates and element diffusion, the microstructure characteristics notably altered from the coating top to the fusion zone inside the laser cladded area. Interestingly, these internal coating microstructure changes were characterized primarily by means of the dispersively distributed acicular Fe-Al intermetallic compounds (coating top), the dispersively distributed tiny second phase particles (coating middle), and the fine equiaxed and columnar grains (fusion zone). Importantly, such microstructure characteristics made the coatings possess the overall good mechanical performance in strength, ductility and toughness, micro hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114838"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114902
Shanshan Chen , Rujia Wang , Kailiang Mao , Zhe Hu , Bin Wang , Jing Lv , Wenwu Zhang
Nickel-based alloys are of paramount importance for components operating at high temperatures within heavy-duty gas turbines. This study explores the potential of a quasi-continuous wave (QCW) fiber laser in the drilling of high-aspect-ratio holes in these materials. An anti-spatter coating composed of emery and silicone was developed to suppress molten material redeposition and improve hole quality. Furthermore, a polygonal percussion drilling method was introduced to address challenges associated with drilling thick, high-aspect-ratio holes. A systematic comparison was conducted among four drilling methods: percussion drilling, trepanning drilling, N-sided polygon drilling, and a hybrid method combining polygonal percussion drilling with trepanning drilling. The findings demonstrated that percussion drilling effectively controls heat accumulation, producing microholes with uniform profiles, minimal taper, low roughness, and a thin recast layer, capable of machining microholes with a diameter of less than 0.5 mm, an aspect ratio of 29, and a taper of 0.08°. In contrast, trepanning drilling generated straight hole walls but suffered from higher roughness and greater thermal damage. N-sided polygon drilling achieved clean surfaces with minimal taper but exhibited pronounced wall flaring and the thickest recast layer. The hybrid method offers a balanced performance profile and is particularly well-suited for larger-diameter holes characterized by a high aspect ratio of 11 and a very low taper angle of 0.27°. Microstructural analysis of deep holes produced by the hybrid method revealed depth-dependent variations in recast layer thickness and distinct evolutionary patterns in the peri-hole microstructure. EBSD analysis was performed on the upper, middle, and lower sections of the hole to map crystallographic changes. Combined with hardness testing, these analyses elucidated a strong correlation between grain morphology and localized hardness variations.
{"title":"High-aspect-ratio microhole drilling in MAR-M247 superalloy using a quasi-CW fiber laser","authors":"Shanshan Chen , Rujia Wang , Kailiang Mao , Zhe Hu , Bin Wang , Jing Lv , Wenwu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nickel-based alloys are of paramount importance for components operating at high temperatures within heavy-duty gas turbines. This study explores the potential of a quasi-continuous wave (QCW) fiber laser in the drilling of high-aspect-ratio holes in these materials. An anti-spatter coating composed of emery and silicone was developed to suppress molten material redeposition and improve hole quality. Furthermore, a polygonal percussion drilling method was introduced to address challenges associated with drilling thick, high-aspect-ratio holes. A systematic comparison was conducted among four drilling methods: percussion drilling, trepanning drilling, N-sided polygon drilling, and a hybrid method combining polygonal percussion drilling with trepanning drilling. The findings demonstrated that percussion drilling effectively controls heat accumulation, producing microholes with uniform profiles, minimal taper, low roughness, and a thin recast layer, capable of machining microholes with a diameter of less than 0.5 mm, an aspect ratio of 29, and a taper of 0.08°. In contrast, trepanning drilling generated straight hole walls but suffered from higher roughness and greater thermal damage. N-sided polygon drilling achieved clean surfaces with minimal taper but exhibited pronounced wall flaring and the thickest recast layer. The hybrid method offers a balanced performance profile and is particularly well-suited for larger-diameter holes characterized by a high aspect ratio of 11 and a very low taper angle of 0.27°. Microstructural analysis of deep holes produced by the hybrid method revealed depth-dependent variations in recast layer thickness and distinct evolutionary patterns in the peri-hole microstructure. EBSD analysis was performed on the upper, middle, and lower sections of the hole to map crystallographic changes. Combined with hardness testing, these analyses elucidated a strong correlation between grain morphology and localized hardness variations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114902"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114890
Tao Huang , Xiaoyu Han , Yuheng Wang , Huiyang Wang , Weina Zhang , Jianglei Di , Xiaoxu Lu , Liyun Zhong
Edge enhancement under incoherent illumination represents a pivotal research area in optical imaging, with widespread applications in target recognition, optical defect detection, precise positioning, and related fields. While high-order vortex phase-modulated Fresnel incoherent digital holography enables edge enhancement in three-dimensional (3D) imaging, it necessitates the capture of multiple phase-shifted vortex holograms, thereby constraining its real-time performance. To address this, we introduce a T-Net-based dual-channel incoherent digital holography approach for achieving real-time, high-precision edge enhancement. This method employs a dual-channel synchronous imaging module to acquire two fixed phase-shifted vortex holograms simultaneously in a single exposure. Subsequently, it integrates a three-step phase-shifting and backpropagation algorithm to facilitate rapid 3D imaging and edge-enhanced reconstruction. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method substantially enhances reconstruction accuracy and edge detail preservation while preserving high temporal resolution. Additional 3D imaging experiments confirm its efficacy in accentuating edge features of volumetric objects. This approach markedly boosts the efficiency and precision of edge enhancement reconstruction by fusing deep learning with incoherent digital holography. It provides a powerful, real-time solution for incoherent 3D imaging and extends its potential for use in high-demand applications.
{"title":"Real-time edge-enhanced 3D imaging via t-net-based dual-channel Fresnel incoherent correlation holography","authors":"Tao Huang , Xiaoyu Han , Yuheng Wang , Huiyang Wang , Weina Zhang , Jianglei Di , Xiaoxu Lu , Liyun Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Edge enhancement under incoherent illumination represents a pivotal research area in optical imaging, with widespread applications in target recognition, optical defect detection, precise positioning, and related fields. While high-order vortex phase-modulated Fresnel incoherent digital holography enables edge enhancement in three-dimensional (3D) imaging, it necessitates the capture of multiple phase-shifted vortex holograms, thereby constraining its real-time performance. To address this, we introduce a T-Net-based dual-channel incoherent digital holography approach for achieving real-time, high-precision edge enhancement. This method employs a dual-channel synchronous imaging module to acquire two fixed phase-shifted vortex holograms simultaneously in a single exposure. Subsequently, it integrates a three-step phase-shifting and backpropagation algorithm to facilitate rapid 3D imaging and edge-enhanced reconstruction. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method substantially enhances reconstruction accuracy and edge detail preservation while preserving high temporal resolution. Additional 3D imaging experiments confirm its efficacy in accentuating edge features of volumetric objects. This approach markedly boosts the efficiency and precision of edge enhancement reconstruction by fusing deep learning with incoherent digital holography. It provides a powerful, real-time solution for incoherent 3D imaging and extends its potential for use in high-demand applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114890"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114850
Yuhan Liu , Renbao Wang , Bingnan Dong , Zhongwei Zhang , Dongfeng Qi , Hao Wei , Yanwen Yuan , Juan Wei , Hongyou Cui
The outstanding electrical properties of graphene have initiated extensive research. However, its practical application remains constrained by prohibitive fabrication costs and complex manufacturing processes. Laser-induced graphene (LIG) technology provides an innovative solution to this challenge through its low-cost fabrication and high-efficiency patterning capabilities. This study systematically investigated the effects of laser parameters on graphene surface morphology and electrical conductivity. The electrical conductivity of graphene was substantially enhanced by fabricating structures characterized by low-density micron-scale apertures. The excellent mechanical flexibility of the polyimide (PI) substrate provides an ideal platform for piezoresistive sensors. Graphene was fabricated on the PI surface, and a piezoresistive sensor featuring a “Trapezoidal Parallel Resistor Network” patterned structure was fabricated. The fabricated sensor demonstrated high sensitivity (1.34 × 10-3 kPa−1), rapid response characteristics (44 ms), and exceptional stability maintained over 15,000 testing cycles. This sensor advances smart wearable devices through biomedical monitoring of human motion and physiological signals. Moreover, the piezoresistive behavior further enables secure cryptographic operations via Morse code modulation.
{"title":"Laser-induced graphene on polyimide substrate for piezoresistive sensor application","authors":"Yuhan Liu , Renbao Wang , Bingnan Dong , Zhongwei Zhang , Dongfeng Qi , Hao Wei , Yanwen Yuan , Juan Wei , Hongyou Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The outstanding electrical properties of graphene have initiated extensive research. However, its practical application remains constrained by prohibitive fabrication costs and complex manufacturing processes. Laser-induced graphene (LIG) technology provides an innovative solution to this challenge through its low-cost fabrication and high-efficiency patterning capabilities. This study systematically investigated the effects of laser parameters on graphene surface morphology and electrical conductivity. The electrical conductivity of graphene was substantially enhanced by fabricating structures characterized by low-density micron-scale apertures. The excellent mechanical flexibility of the polyimide (PI) substrate provides an ideal platform for piezoresistive sensors. Graphene was fabricated on the PI surface, and a piezoresistive sensor featuring a “Trapezoidal Parallel Resistor Network” patterned structure was fabricated. The fabricated sensor demonstrated high sensitivity (1.34 × 10<sup>-3</sup> kPa<sup>−1</sup>), rapid response characteristics (44 ms), and exceptional stability maintained over 15,000 testing cycles. This sensor advances smart wearable devices through biomedical monitoring of human motion and physiological signals. Moreover, the piezoresistive behavior further enables secure cryptographic operations via Morse code modulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114850"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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