Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114922
Ning Cui, Weiyang Zhang, Dan Cao, Baolu Guan
Optical injection modulation is an effective approach to enhance the output characteristics of VCSEL. However, its performance is often limited by polarization detuning and dynamic variations in the injected light. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a polarization-independent grating coupler (PIGC) that serves as an external optical feedback device to enable simultaneous polarization control and injection locking in a 940 nm VCSEL array. Unlike conventional PIGC designs based on 2D multilayer structures or oblique incidence, the new PIGC design achieves input/output vertical injection by introducing a simple 1D slot resonance grating within the usual grating period. Simulations show balanced coupling efficiencies of 10.1 % (TE) and 10.2 % (TM) with a polarization-dependent loss (PDL) of 0.09 dB. Experimentally, the fabricated device achieves a bidirectional coupling PDL of 0.02 dB at 939.26 nm and a bidirectional coupling efficiency of 9.3 %. After integration with an addressable VCSEL array, the PIGC enables robust injection locking and controlled polarization switching. This work establishes the 1D PIGC as a practical solution for polarization-stable interconnects in VCSEL arrays, opening possibilities toward coherent integrated laser systems.
{"title":"Polarization switching and injection locking VCSEL based on vertical injection polarization independent grating coupler","authors":"Ning Cui, Weiyang Zhang, Dan Cao, Baolu Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optical injection modulation is an effective approach to enhance the output characteristics of VCSEL. However, its performance is often limited by polarization detuning and dynamic variations in the injected light. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a polarization-independent grating coupler (PIGC) that serves as an external optical feedback device to enable simultaneous polarization control and injection locking in a 940 nm VCSEL array. Unlike conventional PIGC designs based on 2D multilayer structures or oblique incidence, the new PIGC design achieves input/output vertical injection by introducing a simple 1D slot resonance grating within the usual grating period. Simulations show balanced coupling efficiencies of 10.1 % (TE) and 10.2 % (TM) with a polarization-dependent loss (PDL) of 0.09 dB. Experimentally, the fabricated device achieves a bidirectional coupling PDL of 0.02 dB at 939.26 nm and a bidirectional coupling efficiency of 9.3 %. After integration with an addressable VCSEL array, the PIGC enables robust injection locking and controlled polarization switching. This work establishes the 1D PIGC as a practical solution for polarization-stable interconnects in VCSEL arrays, opening possibilities toward coherent integrated laser systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114922"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114885
Xingpeng Fei , Wei He , Shaode Li , Chao Wang , Yue Sui
Random fiber lasers (RFLs), distinguished by their cavity-free architecture and low coherence, hold vast application prospects in optical communication, sensing, and disordered photonics. Conventional RFLs relying on Rayleigh scattering demand extended cavities due to weak feedback, whereas grating-array-based systems are structurally intricate and expensive. These limitations constrain the compactness and efficiency of these systems. To mitigate this challenge, a liquid random laser utilizing a graphene-dispersion-filled capillary fiber is proposed. Two-dimensional graphene dispersed within the hollow core creates a high-density disordered scattering pathway, enabling high-performance random lasing in the C-band. With a graphene concentration of 1.0 mg/mL and an infusion length of 4 cm, the system achieves optimal performance. The lasing threshold measures approximately 58 mW, with an OSNR of 31.16 dB and a near-resolution-limited linewidth on the order of 0.05 nm. Output power displays an exceptional linear correlation on pump power (R2 > 0.99), indicating stable, continuous emission. Both the spectral and power outputs maintain temporal stability without mode hopping or significant fluctuations, validating cavity-free random lasing behavior. Furthermore, vibration experiments demonstrate that graphene dispersion exerts a profound influence on scattering feedback, showcasing reversible control over disordered feedback strength. This work illustrates that a liquid two-dimensional graphene medium can establish an efficient feedback pathway for stable, low-threshold random lasing, paving a viable path toward compact RFLs and reconfigurable disordered photonic platforms.
{"title":"A graphene-dispersion-filled capillary fiber as a disordered medium for C-band random laser generation","authors":"Xingpeng Fei , Wei He , Shaode Li , Chao Wang , Yue Sui","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Random fiber lasers (RFLs), distinguished by their cavity-free architecture and low coherence, hold vast application prospects in optical communication, sensing, and disordered photonics. Conventional RFLs relying on Rayleigh scattering demand extended cavities due to weak feedback, whereas grating-array-based systems are structurally intricate and expensive. These limitations constrain the compactness and efficiency of these systems. To mitigate this challenge, a liquid random laser utilizing a graphene-dispersion-filled capillary fiber is proposed. Two-dimensional graphene dispersed within the hollow core creates a high-density disordered scattering pathway, enabling high-performance random lasing in the C-band. With a graphene concentration of 1.0 mg/mL and an infusion length of 4 cm, the system achieves optimal performance. The lasing threshold measures approximately 58 mW, with an OSNR of 31.16 dB and a near-resolution-limited linewidth on the order of 0.05 nm. Output power displays an exceptional linear correlation on pump power (R<sup>2</sup> > 0.99), indicating stable, continuous emission. Both the spectral and power outputs maintain temporal stability without mode hopping or significant fluctuations, validating cavity-free random lasing behavior. Furthermore, vibration experiments demonstrate that graphene dispersion exerts a profound influence on scattering feedback, showcasing reversible control over disordered feedback strength. This work illustrates that a liquid two-dimensional graphene medium can establish an efficient feedback pathway for stable, low-threshold random lasing, paving a viable path toward compact RFLs and reconfigurable disordered photonic platforms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114885"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114928
B Navyashree , Ramseena Thundiyil , P Poornesh , Katarzyna Ozga , Jaroslaw Jędryka , Saikat Chattopadhyay , K.B Manjunatha
In this study, precursor molarity is demonstrated as an effective tuning parameter for tailoring the structural, optical, and nonlinear optical properties of spray pyrolyzed TiO2 thin films, deposited with precursor concentration varying from 0.05 M to 0.2 M. XRD confirmed the formation of polycrystalline anatase TiO2 with a preferred orientation along the (101) plane. The size of the crystallites increased from 40.3 nm at 0.05 M to the highest value of 46.8 nm at 0.10 M, then decreased to 27.0 nm at 0.20 M. Raman spectroscopy further verified the phase purity of anatase TiO2, evidenced by the characteristic Raman peak at 144 cm−1. Optical studies revealed a tunable indirect band gap in the range of 3.25 eV to 3.42 eV. AFM revealed improved surface smoothness with increasing precursor concentration, as evidenced by a decrease in average roughness from 1.84 nm to 0.37 nm. PL intensity increased at 0.1 M due to enhanced radiative recombination and decreased at 0.2 M owing to the dominance of non-radiative centers. Z-scan measurements showed maximum nonlinear absorption of 5.39 × 10−1 m/W at precursor concentration of 0.05 M. Higher concentrations promoted enhanced second- and third-harmonic generation attributed to defect-mediated carrier dynamics. These findings highlight precursor concentration as a sustainable design parameter for optimizing TiO2 thin films in optical limiting and ultrafast photonic devices.
{"title":"Precursor Concentration–Driven Modulation of harmonic generation responses in TiO2 nanostructures for sustainable photonic devices","authors":"B Navyashree , Ramseena Thundiyil , P Poornesh , Katarzyna Ozga , Jaroslaw Jędryka , Saikat Chattopadhyay , K.B Manjunatha","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, precursor molarity is demonstrated as an effective tuning parameter for tailoring the structural, optical, and nonlinear optical properties of spray pyrolyzed TiO<sub>2</sub> thin films, deposited with precursor concentration varying from 0.05 M to 0.2 M. XRD confirmed the formation of polycrystalline anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> with a preferred orientation along the (101) plane. The size of the crystallites increased from 40.3 nm at 0.05 M to the highest value of 46.8 nm at 0.10 M, then decreased to 27.0 nm at 0.20 M. Raman spectroscopy further verified the phase purity of anatase TiO<sub>2</sub>, evidenced by the characteristic Raman peak at 144 cm<sup>−1</sup>. Optical studies revealed a tunable indirect band gap in the range of 3.25 eV to 3.42 eV. AFM revealed improved surface smoothness with increasing precursor concentration, as evidenced by a decrease in average roughness from 1.84 nm to 0.37 nm. PL intensity increased at 0.1 M due to enhanced radiative recombination and decreased at 0.2 M owing to the dominance of non-radiative centers. Z-scan measurements showed maximum nonlinear absorption of 5.39 × 10<sup>−1</sup> m/W at precursor concentration of 0.05 M. Higher concentrations promoted enhanced second- and third-harmonic generation attributed to defect-mediated carrier dynamics. These findings highlight precursor concentration as a sustainable design parameter for optimizing TiO<sub>2</sub> thin films in optical limiting and ultrafast photonic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114928"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114930
Yandong Feng , Jianan Lu , Chong Zhou , Jinyan Liu , Qinyu Qian , Youyou Hu , Li Fan
High-power, spatially structured laser beams hold great promise for advanced applications in areas such as imaging and manipulation. This work demonstrates the direct generation of diverse structured beams — including Hermite-Gaussian (HG), Laguerre-Gaussian (LG), Hermite-Laguerre-Gaussian (HLG), Ince-Gaussian (IG), and optical vortex lattices (OVL) — from a compact, diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 self-Raman laser at 1176 nm. A novel off-axis needle-pumping geometry enables on-demand mode selection merely by adjusting the input mirror’s position and tilt. At an absorbed pump power of 13.08 W, the system delivers a maximum Raman output of 1.008 W (with 7.7% optical conversion efficiency) for the LG0,1 mode, while other high-order modes achieve power levels ranging from 0.26 W to 0.9 W. To our knowledge, this represents the first demonstration of a compact continuous-wave Raman laser capable of directly generating such a wide spectrum of structured light, including IG and OVL modes, at this wavelength, thereby providing a versatile new source for optical trapping and biomedical technologies.
{"title":"Controllable direct generation of structured light in a Nd:YVO4 self-Raman laser via off-axis needle pumping","authors":"Yandong Feng , Jianan Lu , Chong Zhou , Jinyan Liu , Qinyu Qian , Youyou Hu , Li Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-power, spatially structured laser beams hold great promise for advanced applications in areas such as imaging and manipulation. This work demonstrates the direct generation of diverse structured beams — including Hermite-Gaussian (HG), Laguerre-Gaussian (LG), Hermite-Laguerre-Gaussian (HLG), Ince-Gaussian (IG), and optical vortex lattices (OVL) — from a compact, diode-pumped Nd:YVO<sub>4</sub> self-Raman laser at 1176 nm. A novel off-axis needle-pumping geometry enables on-demand mode selection merely by adjusting the input mirror’s position and tilt. At an absorbed pump power of 13.08 W, the system delivers a maximum Raman output of 1.008 W (with 7.7% optical conversion efficiency) for the LG<sub>0,1</sub> mode, while other high-order modes achieve power levels ranging from 0.26 W to 0.9 W. To our knowledge, this represents the first demonstration of a compact continuous-wave Raman laser capable of directly generating such a wide spectrum of structured light, including IG and OVL modes, at this wavelength, thereby providing a versatile new source for optical trapping and biomedical technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114930"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114892
Weimin Tang , Zhanqiang Liu , Wenjun Lyu , Bing Wang , Xiaoliang Liang , Jinfu Zhao , Liangliang Li
GH4169 alloy is extensively utilized in aerospace components owing to its superior mechanical properties and thermal stability. Ensuring high-quality surface integrity during milling is critical for the machined component performance. The study proposes a cost-effective 3D machined surface topography reconstruction approach. Optical image analysis and mathematical modeling are integrated through the co-optimization framework. In-situ monitoring and real-time evaluation of surface quality are enabled during the milling process. The proposed methodology leverages the U-Net pre-training on optical images and matched height point clouds acquired via laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). Subsequent fine-tuning is performed using paired optical and point cloud datasets obtained from the digital microscope, enabling efficient surface reconstruction. The approach significantly enhances reconstruction speed and fidelity. In pre-training, the most suitable model has a structure similarity index measure (SSIM) of 0.9929, mean squared error (MSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) of 3.07 × 10-4 and 1.20 × 10-2 on the test set. In fine-tuning training, the best model has an SSIM of 0.8631, MSE, and MAE of 4.56 × 10-3 and 5.40 × 10-2 on the validation set when the smoothing coefficient is equal to 12. Then, the simulation roughness is calculated by mathematical modeling and compared with the reconstructed surface roughness to correct the reconstruction result. Finally, the interactive software is developed for engineering applications, which supports 2D/3D visualization, roughness evaluation, and simulation calculation, and systematically demonstrates the complete steps from data acquisition to result output. The study presents a method for rapid and in-situ detection of metal processing surface quality.
{"title":"Machined GH4169 surface topography reconstruction via optical imaging and mathematical modeling","authors":"Weimin Tang , Zhanqiang Liu , Wenjun Lyu , Bing Wang , Xiaoliang Liang , Jinfu Zhao , Liangliang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>GH4169 alloy is extensively utilized in aerospace components owing to its superior mechanical properties and thermal stability. Ensuring high-quality surface integrity during milling is critical for the machined component performance. The study proposes a cost-effective 3D machined surface topography reconstruction approach. Optical image analysis and mathematical modeling are integrated through the co-optimization framework. In-situ monitoring and real-time evaluation of surface quality are enabled during the milling process. The proposed methodology leverages the U-Net pre-training on optical images and matched height point clouds acquired via laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). Subsequent fine-tuning is performed using paired optical and point cloud datasets obtained from the digital microscope, enabling efficient surface reconstruction. The approach significantly enhances reconstruction speed and fidelity. In pre-training, the most suitable model has a structure similarity index measure (SSIM) of 0.9929, mean squared error (MSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) of 3.07 × 10<sup>-4</sup> and 1.20 × 10<sup>-2</sup> on the test set. In fine-tuning training, the best model has an SSIM of 0.8631, MSE, and MAE of 4.56 × 10<sup>-3</sup> and 5.40 × 10<sup>-2</sup> on the validation set when the smoothing coefficient is equal to 12. Then, the simulation roughness is calculated by mathematical modeling and compared with the reconstructed surface roughness to correct the reconstruction result. Finally, the interactive software is developed for engineering applications, which supports 2D/3D visualization, roughness evaluation, and simulation calculation, and systematically demonstrates the complete steps from data acquisition to result output. The study presents a method for rapid and in-situ detection of metal processing surface quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114892"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114901
Guichun Xia , Xu Liu , Ping Wang , Shiya Yang , Jingjie Hao , Qingzhe Cui , Lin Zheng , Lisong Yan , Heyan Liu , Jinwei Zhang
Mode-locked thin-disk oscillators operating on high-order transverse modes serve as excellent platforms for generating femtosecond optical vortices, offering high average power and robust propagation stability. In this work, we propose a distributed Kerr-lens mode-locking mechanism implemented in a high-power femtosecond thin-disk oscillator operating on high-order modes, which effectively compresses the output pulse duration. The oscillator directly produces 158-fs Hermite-Gaussian pulses with an average power of 7.2 W at a repetition rate of 104 MHz. These pulses are subsequently converted into Laguerre-Gaussian beams using a cylindrical lens mode converter. The successful demonstration of distributed Kerr-lens mode locking confirms the applicability of this technique to high-order transverse modes, offering a new pathway toward high-power, short-pulse thin-disk oscillators operating on such modes.
{"title":"Femtosecond vortices generated from a distributed Kerr-lens mode-locked Hermite-Gaussian thin-disk oscillator with a defective mirror","authors":"Guichun Xia , Xu Liu , Ping Wang , Shiya Yang , Jingjie Hao , Qingzhe Cui , Lin Zheng , Lisong Yan , Heyan Liu , Jinwei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mode-locked thin-disk oscillators operating on high-order transverse modes serve as excellent platforms for generating femtosecond optical vortices, offering high average power and robust propagation stability. In this work, we propose a distributed Kerr-lens mode-locking mechanism implemented in a high-power femtosecond thin-disk oscillator operating on high-order modes, which effectively compresses the output pulse duration. The oscillator directly produces 158-fs Hermite-Gaussian pulses with an average power of 7.2 W at a repetition rate of 104 MHz. These pulses are subsequently converted into Laguerre-Gaussian beams using a cylindrical lens mode converter. The successful demonstration of distributed Kerr-lens mode locking confirms the applicability of this technique to high-order transverse modes, offering a new pathway toward high-power, short-pulse thin-disk oscillators operating on such modes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114901"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114869
Aoxi Chen , Xinlin Chen , Siyuan Rao , Hui An , Yingying Song , Tengfang Kuang , Wei Xiong , Xiang Han , Zhongqi Tan , Guangzong Xiao , Hui Luo
The dual-fiber optical trap, owing to its high sensitivity and facile miniaturization, holds significant practical application value in fields such as high-precision metrology of mechanical quantities and biological manipulation. The positional stability of the trapped particle is pivotal to system performance, directly setting the measurement noise floor and operational precision. In this work, we observed bistability and hysteresis in the axial equilibrium position of a 10-μm diameter SiO2 microsphere. This bistability arises from optical interference between the fiber ends and the microsphere, creating multiple potential wells. Experimental results demonstrated that the microsphere’s transition rate can be effectively modulated through precise control of the trapping laser power. Furthermore, the incorporation of transverse misalignment effectively eliminated bistability, thereby substantially improving positional stability throughout the entire optical trapping region. This suppression successfully reduced the system’s residual positional uncertainty to the thermal noise limit. Consequently, this research enhances the precision of microparticle manipulation and the sensitivity of sensing in dual-fiber optical trap systems.
{"title":"Controllable bistability in dual-fiber optical trap in air","authors":"Aoxi Chen , Xinlin Chen , Siyuan Rao , Hui An , Yingying Song , Tengfang Kuang , Wei Xiong , Xiang Han , Zhongqi Tan , Guangzong Xiao , Hui Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114869","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dual-fiber optical trap, owing to its high sensitivity and facile miniaturization, holds significant practical application value in fields such as high-precision metrology of mechanical quantities and biological manipulation. The positional stability of the trapped particle is pivotal to system performance, directly setting the measurement noise floor and operational precision. In this work, we observed bistability and hysteresis in the axial equilibrium position of a 10-μm diameter SiO<sub>2</sub> microsphere. This bistability arises from optical interference between the fiber ends and the microsphere, creating multiple potential wells. Experimental results demonstrated that the microsphere’s transition rate can be effectively modulated through precise control of the trapping laser power. Furthermore, the incorporation of transverse misalignment effectively eliminated bistability, thereby substantially improving positional stability throughout the entire optical trapping region. This suppression successfully reduced the system’s residual positional uncertainty to the thermal noise limit. Consequently, this research enhances the precision of microparticle manipulation and the sensitivity of sensing in dual-fiber optical trap systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114869"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114870
Fan Qiu , Zhenhua Tang , Zhong-Jie Chen , Yu-Xiang Wu , Yan-Ping Jiang , Shui-Feng Li , Xin-Gui Tang , Xueqing Xu , Yi-Chun Zhou , Antonio Guerrero
Bias-tunable positive and negative photoconductivity is a crucial capability for modulating the photoelectric effect, providing substantial support for the development of high-performance optoelectronic devices and systems. Nonetheless, a limited number of two-terminal optoelectronic devices exist concerning the attainable positive and negative photoconductivity conversion under applied bias voltage. Herein, the Au/MXene/BFCO/FTO heterostructure is innovatively employed to effectively simulate artificial optoelectronic synapses, demonstrating exceptional analog resistive switching behavior and showcasing the diverse attributes of synaptic plasticity, encompassing short-term plasticity (STP, STD) and long-term plasticity (LTP, LTD). Interestingly, an intriguing bias-induced conversion between positive and negative photoconductivity was observed in Au/MXene/BFCO/FTO thin-film devices, and was attributed to the photogate effect (PGE). Furthermore, by implementing a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture in conjunction with a stochastic adaptive optimization technique, we achieved enhanced recognition accuracies of 93% and 72% on the MNIST and Fashion MNIST datasets, respectively. These results may offer a feasible approach for combining BFCO materials with two-dimensional materials to construct optoelectronic synaptic devices for neuromorphic computing.
{"title":"Bias-tunable positive and negative photoconductivity in MXene/BFCO heterojunctions optoelectronic memristor for neuromorphic computing","authors":"Fan Qiu , Zhenhua Tang , Zhong-Jie Chen , Yu-Xiang Wu , Yan-Ping Jiang , Shui-Feng Li , Xin-Gui Tang , Xueqing Xu , Yi-Chun Zhou , Antonio Guerrero","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114870","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bias-tunable positive and negative photoconductivity is a crucial capability for modulating the photoelectric effect, providing substantial support for the development of high-performance optoelectronic devices and systems. Nonetheless, a limited number of two-terminal optoelectronic devices exist concerning the attainable positive and negative photoconductivity conversion under applied bias voltage. Herein, the Au/MXene/BFCO/FTO heterostructure is innovatively employed to effectively simulate artificial optoelectronic synapses, demonstrating exceptional analog resistive switching behavior and showcasing the diverse attributes of synaptic plasticity, encompassing short-term plasticity (STP, STD) and long-term plasticity (LTP, LTD). Interestingly, an intriguing bias-induced conversion between positive and negative photoconductivity<!--> <!-->was observed<!--> <!-->in Au/MXene/BFCO/FTO thin-film devices,<!--> <!-->and was attributed to<!--> <!-->the photogate effect (PGE). Furthermore, by implementing a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture in conjunction with a stochastic adaptive optimization technique, we achieved enhanced recognition accuracies of 93% and 72% on the MNIST and Fashion MNIST datasets, respectively. These results may offer a feasible approach for combining BFCO materials with two-dimensional materials to construct optoelectronic synaptic devices for neuromorphic computing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114870"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114879
Ping Huang , Guanghui Zhang , Zhichuang Chen , Xinping He , Qingan Lu , Yuxing Huang , Hui Jiao , Tanggao Feng , Yuhong Long
Owing to the high thermal sensitivity of NdFeB, simultaneously achieving a high material removal rate (MRR) and a low heat-affected zone (HAZ) remains challenging. This study employs water-jet-guided laser (WJGL) machining and develops an integrated hot–cold thermal balance control framework that couples multiphysics simulation, a data-driven surrogate model, and multi-objective optimization. The simulations reveal a V-shaped surface water-flow profile: intensified convection at the periphery suppresses thermal diffusion, while the core region—experiencing relatively low flow velocity—maintains temperatures near the vaporization threshold to sustain efficient ablation, thereby enabling spatially coordinated hot–cold regulation. A small-sample surrogate based on Gaussian process regression is combined with NSGA-II to compute the Pareto front, yielding a representative optimum with HAZ of 39.79 μm and MRR of 3.44 mm2 s⁻1. Temperature-field analysis confirms that this parameter set preserves near-threshold vaporization in the core to secure efficiency, while constraining lateral thermal spread. The proposed approach provides a rigorous pathway for the coordinated optimization of low thermal damage and high efficiency in WJGL machining of thermally sensitive materials.
{"title":"Mechanisms of Hot–Cold thermal balance control in Water-Jet-Guided laser machining of NdFeB permanent magnets","authors":"Ping Huang , Guanghui Zhang , Zhichuang Chen , Xinping He , Qingan Lu , Yuxing Huang , Hui Jiao , Tanggao Feng , Yuhong Long","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Owing to the high thermal sensitivity of NdFeB, simultaneously achieving a high material removal rate (MRR) and a low heat-affected zone (HAZ) remains challenging. This study employs water-jet-guided laser (WJGL) machining and develops an integrated hot–cold thermal balance control framework that couples multiphysics simulation, a data-driven surrogate model, and multi-objective optimization. The simulations reveal a V-shaped surface water-flow profile: intensified convection at the periphery suppresses thermal diffusion, while the core region—experiencing relatively low flow velocity—maintains temperatures near the vaporization threshold to sustain efficient ablation, thereby enabling spatially coordinated hot–cold regulation. A small-sample surrogate based on Gaussian process regression is combined with NSGA-II to compute the Pareto front, yielding a representative optimum with HAZ of 39.79 μm and MRR of 3.44 mm<sup>2</sup> s⁻<sup>1</sup>. Temperature-field analysis confirms that this parameter set preserves near-threshold vaporization in the core to secure efficiency, while constraining lateral thermal spread. The proposed approach provides a rigorous pathway for the coordinated optimization of low thermal damage and high efficiency in WJGL machining of thermally sensitive materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114879"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To address the limitations of CFRP laser machining process prediction in methodological benchmarking and mechanistic interpretability, this study proposes a morphology prediction framework that simultaneously integrates point-prediction accuracy, uncertainty quantification, and interpretability. Physically derived features are introduced to bridge external process parameters and morphological responses through a causally constrained energy-flow pathway, while a concise and reliable model is identified through systematic evaluation. Six baseline machine learning models are comparatively assessed along two principal dimensions—accuracy and uncertainty. By incorporating the coefficient of variation, maximal information coefficient, and recursive feature elimination, physical features exhibiting low dispersion, low collinearity, and high importance are selected to construct a three-layer causal chain of raw process parameters–physically derived features–morphological indicators. A dual-layer SHAP analysis is subsequently employed to hierarchically delineate the contribution pathways from process parameters to morphological responses.The results demonstrate that Gaussian Process Regression outperforms the other models in both predictive accuracy and uncertainty representation. Compared with models using only raw features, the inclusion of physically derived features enhances the reliability of uncertainty characterization and establishes physically constrained causal linkages between process parameters and morphological indicators. The three-layer causal chain, combined with the dual-layer SHAP analysis, jointly elucidates the distributional patterns and mechanistic contributions of morphological responses, thereby strengthening the causal consistency and interpretability of the predictive model. This work provides an efficient, robust, and interpretable technical paradigm for morphology prediction and process optimization in CFRP laser machining.
{"title":"Interpretable machine learning for laser machining morphology prediction of CFRP driven by physical-derived features","authors":"Ping Huang, Guanghui Zhang, Zhichuang Chen, Xinping He, Qingan Lu, Yuxing Huang, Hui Jiao, Jia Zhou, Yuhong Long","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the limitations of CFRP laser machining process prediction in methodological benchmarking and mechanistic interpretability, this study proposes a morphology prediction framework that simultaneously integrates point-prediction accuracy, uncertainty quantification, and interpretability. Physically derived features are introduced to bridge external process parameters and morphological responses through a causally constrained energy-flow pathway, while a concise and reliable model is identified through systematic evaluation. Six baseline machine learning models are comparatively assessed along two principal dimensions—accuracy and uncertainty. By incorporating the coefficient of variation, maximal information coefficient, and recursive feature elimination, physical features exhibiting low dispersion, low collinearity, and high importance are selected to construct a three-layer causal chain of raw process parameters–physically derived features–morphological indicators. A dual-layer SHAP analysis is subsequently employed to hierarchically delineate the contribution pathways from process parameters to morphological responses.The results demonstrate that Gaussian Process Regression outperforms the other models in both predictive accuracy and uncertainty representation. Compared with models using only raw features, the inclusion of physically derived features enhances the reliability of uncertainty characterization and establishes physically constrained causal linkages between process parameters and morphological indicators. The three-layer causal chain, combined with the dual-layer SHAP analysis, jointly elucidates the distributional patterns and mechanistic contributions of morphological responses, thereby strengthening the causal consistency and interpretability of the predictive model. This work provides an efficient, robust, and interpretable technical paradigm for morphology prediction and process optimization in CFRP laser machining.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114872"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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