Oral-prophylaxe最新文献

The correction of oral stereotypes when children still have their milk teeth is known to be a rewarding measure in the prophylaxis of dental anomalies. Based on clinical examples, questions concerning the methodology and necessity of mechanical intervention are discussed along with favourable times for such action. The casuistic discussion supports the following conclusions: 1. Oral stereotypes that remain persistent beyond the third year do not necessarily lead to dentition deformities. 2. The favourable moment to offer small children aid in getting rid of their habit is not necessarily a matter of chronological or dental age, but depends rather more on the phase of personality development the child is going through at the time.

Using Dentocult/Dentobuff the "caries risk" was determined in 102 adult test persons three times within a period of 44 weeks and correlated with clinical and radiological study results (Spearman rank correlation, multiple calculation of correlation and regression). The patients were given dental treatment as required during the study period. A close correlation was seen between the individual Dentocult measurements taken at different times, which speaks for relative constancy in these measured values in individual test persons. No significant correlation with the overall increase in caries was found and did not become apparent until cases of caries were categorised as primary, secondary and smooth-surface types. The correlation coefficient was, however, low at R = 0.2-0.4. The prognostic value of the Dentocult/Dentobuff system was at best about 50%. A connection between the caries risk test and clinical parameters became evident in the presence of localised retention. On the whole, however, it must be said that our studies do not show that this method makes it possible to prognosticate the caries risk in individual patients.

The spread of caries in the city of Rostock was studied from 1979 to 1988 in pupils from classes 1 to 8 where the fluoride varnish application three times a year (Duraphat) was the most important caries prophylaxis measure. All children were included in the evaluation, even those who had entered the school for the first time during the study period and had not had any prior prophylactic treatment. A special study was also made in a single class in the 1st and 6th years, respectively, to compare varnish application by cotton swabs with barrel ampoule injection. A significant reduction in caries was registered in all age groups. The application with barrel ampoule injection proved to be more economical and practical than the cotton swab application. On the whole Duraphat fluoride varnish reasserted its importance in caries prophylaxis and can be regarded as extremely well suited for individual and collective prevention.

During six month of abolished oral hygiene and concomitant development of gingivitis, the buccal subgingival microbiota was studied by darkfield microscopy as well as by cultural methods. Five dental students gave written informed consent and participated in this trial. In darkfield microscopy there was a slow reduction in the proportion of coccoid forms concomitant with an increase in the proportion of rods, while spirochetes were rarely detected during the entire experimental period. However, the cultural data revealed a decrease of the Gram-positive facultative and an increase of the Gram-negative anaerobic microorganisms after 6 months of abolished oral hygiene. The bacteriological data show, that in buccal sites--even after 6 months of abolished oral hygiene--the subgingival microflora reflects a population typical only for an initial lesion.

265 6-year-old children were investigated over a period of 3 years. In the test group, 6 toothbrushing exercises and 25-30 controlled applications of Elmex Gelèe were carried out yearly. The effect was analyzed by oral hygiene, caries frequency, caries intensity, and caries increase. The improvement of the oral hygiene index according to Silness-Löe was 30% and can be characterized as highly statistically significant (p less than 0.001). The inhibition of caries increase related to the surface (delta DMF-S) was 53% in the case of caries with substance loss and was also highly significant.

During 21 days of abolished oral hygiene and developing gingivitis the microbial changes were studied in buccal and interdental sites. The subgingival plaque of 6 dental students was analyzed by darkfield microscopy. The microbiota found in interdental sulci showed a higher complexity than that of buccal sites. Buccally and interdentally there was a significant increase in the total number of microorganisms between days 0 and 21. Yet, the development of gingivitis was slower in the buccal than in the interproximal sites. For all bacteria, but specially for more disease-associated morphotypes the accumulation rate was higher interdentally than buccally.

The purpose of this study was to show that an intensified prevention in dentistry is not new to the 20th Century, but rather that man for more than 100 years considered the positive influence of prophylaxis on oral health to be extremely important. Three publications from Süersen (1867), Detzner (1830) and Jantzen (1865) document impressively that nothing has changed today with regard to the actuality of the questions and problems they raised. As one reviews these studies, one is astonished what profound knowledge all three authors already had regarding the etiology, origin, and consequences of caries and gingival disease.

The cleansing effect of a newly introduced toothbrush, which is characterized by a thin, permanently elastic neck for reduction of abrasion pressure and an especially flat brush head, was clinically compared with two tested toothbrushes. Under identical experimental conditions, 30 subjects tested all three toothbrushes. Plaque was determined by the plaque index for toothbrush studies. On the whole, no significant differences were demonstrable with regard to the cleansing effect among the toothbrushes. Reduction of abrasion pressure, therefore, does not have a negative effect on the cleansing effect of these toothbrushes.

Alternative foodstuffs restrict the usage of household sugar and instead recommend sweet honey or dried fruits; in popular informative magazines raisins and dried fruit are even described as "healthy snacks". In this study, with the help of sugar clearance and lactic acid measurements, the cariogenic potential of dried fruits is to be better estimated. The results clearly show that the alternative recommendations do not promote healthy teeth. The cariogenic potential of the named foodstuffs is comparable to sucrose containing products.