Benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d’]bis(oxazole) (BBO) is a conjugated building block that can be easily synthesized for the development of organic optoelectronic polymers. Here, the authors synthesized BBO-based polymers, P1 and P2, by coupling BBO with thiophenes for use in organic photodetectors (OPDs). The optical characteristics of P1 and P2 make them suitable for OPDs, as they selectively absorb the green light with a narrow bandwidth in the range of 500–600 nm. The OPD devices were fabricated by making a bulk heterojunction active layer between the synthesized polymers and a nonfullerene acceptor, IDIC. P1-based devices showed slightly higher responsivity (R) of 0.169 A/W than 0.112 A/W of P2-based devices. However, the P2-based device was higher than D* value of the P1-based under 100 μW/cm2, which was due to the influence of excessive thiophene units that had low dark current density.
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Benzobisoxazole-based Conjugated Polymers for Organic Photodetectors","authors":"Myeong In Kim, Won-Hui Jeong","doi":"10.30564/opmr.v5i2.6192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/opmr.v5i2.6192","url":null,"abstract":"Benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d’]bis(oxazole) (BBO) is a conjugated building block that can be easily synthesized for the development of organic optoelectronic polymers. Here, the authors synthesized BBO-based polymers, P1 and P2, by coupling BBO with thiophenes for use in organic photodetectors (OPDs). The optical characteristics of P1 and P2 make them suitable for OPDs, as they selectively absorb the green light with a narrow bandwidth in the range of 500–600 nm. The OPD devices were fabricated by making a bulk heterojunction active layer between the synthesized polymers and a nonfullerene acceptor, IDIC. P1-based devices showed slightly higher responsivity (R) of 0.169 A/W than 0.112 A/W of P2-based devices. However, the P2-based device was higher than D* value of the P1-based under 100 μW/cm2, which was due to the influence of excessive thiophene units that had low dark current density.","PeriodicalId":19583,"journal":{"name":"Organic Polymer Material Research","volume":"27 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140425800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The 4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b’]dithiophene (CPDT)-based conjugated polymers (CPs) have garnered significant attention in various fields of organic electronics due to their strong electron-donating properties, extended π-plane, and rigid, planar chemical structure. These unique features enable CPDT-based CPs to be highly advantageous for use in a range of organic semiconductor devices. While CPDT-based CPs have been extensively investigated and utilized as electron donors in various organic semiconductor devices, there is limited literature discussing the electrochemical properties of CPDT building blocks and the representative examples of CPDT-based CPs. In this mini-review, the authors outline the electrochemical properties of the CPDT building block, which stem from its rigid and planar chemical structure, facilitating the use of CPDT derivative materials in the field of organic semiconductors, such as organic photovoltaics (OPVs), organic thin film transistors (OTFTs), and organic photodetectors (OPDs). Furthermore, the authors highlight the advantages of CPDT-based CPs, particularly, for organic thermoelectric applications (OTEs) such as strong electron-donating properties and extended π-conjugation, which lead to facile p-type doping characteristics in CPDT-based CPs. The authors discuss the basic working principles of OTEs, including several key parameters of OTE devices such as the Seebeck coefficient (S) and power factor (PF). Additionally, the authors address the main challenge in OTEs: the trade-off relationship between electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient. The review presents several strategies to overcome these trade-off limitations, focusing on CPDT and other CPs for OTE applications.
{"title":"Cyclopentadithiophene-based Conjugated Polymers for Organic Thermoelectric Devices and Other Applications","authors":"SeungOk Pyo, Yehbeen Im, Hyeokjun Kim","doi":"10.30564/opmr.v5i2.6069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/opmr.v5i2.6069","url":null,"abstract":"The 4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b’]dithiophene (CPDT)-based conjugated polymers (CPs) have garnered significant attention in various fields of organic electronics due to their strong electron-donating properties, extended π-plane, and rigid, planar chemical structure. These unique features enable CPDT-based CPs to be highly advantageous for use in a range of organic semiconductor devices. While CPDT-based CPs have been extensively investigated and utilized as electron donors in various organic semiconductor devices, there is limited literature discussing the electrochemical properties of CPDT building blocks and the representative examples of CPDT-based CPs. In this mini-review, the authors outline the electrochemical properties of the CPDT building block, which stem from its rigid and planar chemical structure, facilitating the use of CPDT derivative materials in the field of organic semiconductors, such as organic photovoltaics (OPVs), organic thin film transistors (OTFTs), and organic photodetectors (OPDs). Furthermore, the authors highlight the advantages of CPDT-based CPs, particularly, for organic thermoelectric applications (OTEs) such as strong electron-donating properties and extended π-conjugation, which lead to facile p-type doping characteristics in CPDT-based CPs. The authors discuss the basic working principles of OTEs, including several key parameters of OTE devices such as the Seebeck coefficient (S) and power factor (PF). Additionally, the authors address the main challenge in OTEs: the trade-off relationship between electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient. The review presents several strategies to overcome these trade-off limitations, focusing on CPDT and other CPs for OTE applications.","PeriodicalId":19583,"journal":{"name":"Organic Polymer Material Research","volume":"5 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139386805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arnab Dutta, H. Satpathi, K. Anjana, Sanjit Kumar Das, S. Dasgupta, R. Mukhopadhyay
Good dispersion of compounding ingredients in a rubber formulation is crucial for mechanical performance. After mixing, certain materials like sulfur, recycled materials, and zinc oxide can remain undispersed within the rubber matrix, which can lead to critical flaws and influence performance. Improper dispersion is one of the reasons for poor physico mechanical properties. The influence of temperature, mixing time and storage time of different grades of insoluble sulfur collected from one source are studied along with the standard sample of different sources. To better understand the reason for poor sulfur dispersion and high blooming, all the chemical and physical properties are analysed. The topological structures are evaluated using the thermomechanical techniques. The reason for poor dispersion and premature failure of the rubber specimen has been studied by SEM-EDS. The degradation of insoluble sulfur to soluble sulfur can be negligible during the melt mixing if the mixing is done in a controlled way. The final mixing temperature shall be maintained at 90 °C to 95 °C to restrict the insoluble to soluble sulfur conversion. This paper highlights the methodology of the development of oil-coated sulfur in rubber composites and provides insight into the dispersion of polymeric sulfur in natural rubber-based tyre carcass compounds.
{"title":"Studies on Dispersion of Insoluble Sulfur in Passenger Car Radial Belt Skim Compound","authors":"Arnab Dutta, H. Satpathi, K. Anjana, Sanjit Kumar Das, S. Dasgupta, R. Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.30564/opmr.v5i1.5811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/opmr.v5i1.5811","url":null,"abstract":"Good dispersion of compounding ingredients in a rubber formulation is crucial for mechanical performance. After mixing, certain materials like sulfur, recycled materials, and zinc oxide can remain undispersed within the rubber matrix, which can lead to critical flaws and influence performance. Improper dispersion is one of the reasons for poor physico mechanical properties. The influence of temperature, mixing time and storage time of different grades of insoluble sulfur collected from one source are studied along with the standard sample of different sources. To better understand the reason for poor sulfur dispersion and high blooming, all the chemical and physical properties are analysed. The topological structures are evaluated using the thermomechanical techniques. The reason for poor dispersion and premature failure of the rubber specimen has been studied by SEM-EDS. The degradation of insoluble sulfur to soluble sulfur can be negligible during the melt mixing if the mixing is done in a controlled way. The final mixing temperature shall be maintained at 90 °C to 95 °C to restrict the insoluble to soluble sulfur conversion. This paper highlights the methodology of the development of oil-coated sulfur in rubber composites and provides insight into the dispersion of polymeric sulfur in natural rubber-based tyre carcass compounds.","PeriodicalId":19583,"journal":{"name":"Organic Polymer Material Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88189920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In contemporary times, the escalating prominence of portable and wearable electronics of the next generation has instigated a surge in the need for power solutions [1]. However, conventional power supplies, characterized by their rigid and intricate configurations, substantial size, and ecologically detrimental characteristics, no longer meet the essential prerequisites of wearable electronics. Consequently, researchers have devoted significant efforts towards the advancement of pliable and environmentally sustainable power sources specifically tailored for wearable applications. In recent years, one particular avenue of exploration that has garnered attention is flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs).
{"title":"Powering the Future: Hydrogel-based Soft Ionic Conductors Energize Flexible and Wearable Triboelectric Nanogenerators","authors":"Yang Luo","doi":"10.30564/opmr.v5i1.5818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/opmr.v5i1.5818","url":null,"abstract":"In contemporary times, the escalating prominence of portable and wearable electronics of the next generation has instigated a surge in the need for power solutions [1]. However, conventional power supplies, characterized by their rigid and intricate configurations, substantial size, and ecologically detrimental characteristics, no longer meet the essential prerequisites of wearable electronics. Consequently, researchers have devoted significant efforts towards the advancement of pliable and environmentally sustainable power sources specifically tailored for wearable applications. In recent years, one particular avenue of exploration that has garnered attention is flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs).","PeriodicalId":19583,"journal":{"name":"Organic Polymer Material Research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89830481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tirthankar Bhandary, H. Satpathi, Aratrika Banerjee, Koushik Pal, Abhijit Pal, B. K. Samui, S. Dasgupta, R. Mukhopadhyay
Blends of synthetic rubbers are widely used by rubber product manufacturing industries depending on the end use and product application. The estimation of individual rubber in blends is an important aspect to characterise the correctness of the mixing process. In tyre industry, Styrene butadiene rubber/Polybutadiene rubber (SBR/BR) blend is commonly used to achieve different performance properties, particularly for passenger car tyre. Out of the different quantitative analysis techniques to characterise the blend, one of the widely used techniques Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) has been used to develop and later validate a method to quantify the SBR/BR blend ratio. Through this GC-MS technique detection capability is measured, with a minimum limit of detection (LOD) of 5.17% and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 15.67% Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) in an SBR-BR vulcanizate. It is observed that the bias percentage is highest in case of a lower SBR content sample, i.e. 11.1% while in the case of other sets, it is varying from (–)1.4% to (+)1.5%. During the recovery study, it is observed that with increasing SBR content, recovery is also improving. All requirements for a successful method validation: Accuracy, precision, selectivity, detection capability, calibration range and robustness have been carried out in this entire work.
{"title":"Development of a Test Method for the Estimation of SBR-BR Blend Ratio in Tyre Tread Formulation and Validating It through Robust Statistical Tools","authors":"Tirthankar Bhandary, H. Satpathi, Aratrika Banerjee, Koushik Pal, Abhijit Pal, B. K. Samui, S. Dasgupta, R. Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.30564/opmr.v5i1.5368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/opmr.v5i1.5368","url":null,"abstract":"Blends of synthetic rubbers are widely used by rubber product manufacturing industries depending on the end use and product application. The estimation of individual rubber in blends is an important aspect to characterise the correctness of the mixing process. In tyre industry, Styrene butadiene rubber/Polybutadiene rubber (SBR/BR) blend is commonly used to achieve different performance properties, particularly for passenger car tyre. Out of the different quantitative analysis techniques to characterise the blend, one of the widely used techniques Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) has been used to develop and later validate a method to quantify the SBR/BR blend ratio. Through this GC-MS technique detection capability is measured, with a minimum limit of detection (LOD) of 5.17% and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 15.67% Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) in an SBR-BR vulcanizate. It is observed that the bias percentage is highest in case of a lower SBR content sample, i.e. 11.1% while in the case of other sets, it is varying from (–)1.4% to (+)1.5%. During the recovery study, it is observed that with increasing SBR content, recovery is also improving. All requirements for a successful method validation: Accuracy, precision, selectivity, detection capability, calibration range and robustness have been carried out in this entire work.","PeriodicalId":19583,"journal":{"name":"Organic Polymer Material Research","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91537263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Pal, Koushik Banerjee, S. Chowdhury, S. K. Bhattacharyya, R. Mukhopadhyay
Natural rubber (NR) is not only the main compounding ingredient used to make the majority of components of tires as well as other rubber products, as it plays a significant role in ensuring that they operate well and complies with environmental standards. The applications of NR products are limited to high temperatures due to the revision tendency of NR vulcanizate. To address these issues, the potential engagement of a carbon black (CB) coupling agent (CA) in the presence of metal oxide i.e. Zinc Oxide (ZnO) was investigated in an NR-based system. This CA has dual functionality on physicomechanical properties. CA has the ability to reduce hysteresis loss as well as improve anti-reversion properties and these properties thoroughly depend on the presence of ZnO. While ZnO was added to the master formulation, a 65% improvement in reversion properties was observed. On the other hand, while ZnO fully transferred to the final formulation, bound rubber (BR) content increased by 19%, the difference in storage modulus (ΔG’) is reduced by 22%, cure rate index (CRI) improved by 14%, loss tangent (tan δ) reduced by 18% and slightly improve in elongation at break compared to control compound. Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) was engaged to understand the thermal stability and degree of purity of CA. A differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) was used to detect the phase transition of CA. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum (FTIR) was adopted to detect the presence of carboxyl and amine groups in the CA moiety. Payne effect, BR content and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) were employed to investigate the micro-level dispersion of CB in the natural rubber (NR) matrix.
{"title":"Understanding the Effect of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) With Carbon Black Coupling Agent on Physico-Mechanical Properties in Natural Rubber Matrix","authors":"K. Pal, Koushik Banerjee, S. Chowdhury, S. K. Bhattacharyya, R. Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.30564/opmr.v4i2.5341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/opmr.v4i2.5341","url":null,"abstract":"Natural rubber (NR) is not only the main compounding ingredient used to make the majority of components of tires as well as other rubber products, as it plays a significant role in ensuring that they operate well and complies with environmental standards. The applications of NR products are limited to high temperatures due to the revision tendency of NR vulcanizate. To address these issues, the potential engagement of a carbon black (CB) coupling agent (CA) in the presence of metal oxide i.e. Zinc Oxide (ZnO) was investigated in an NR-based system. This CA has dual functionality on physicomechanical properties. CA has the ability to reduce hysteresis loss as well as improve anti-reversion properties and these properties thoroughly depend on the presence of ZnO. While ZnO was added to the master formulation, a 65% improvement in reversion properties was observed. On the other hand, while ZnO fully transferred to the final formulation, bound rubber (BR) content increased by 19%, the difference in storage modulus (ΔG’) is reduced by 22%, cure rate index (CRI) improved by 14%, loss tangent (tan δ) reduced by 18% and slightly improve in elongation at break compared to control compound. Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) was engaged to understand the thermal stability and degree of purity of CA. A differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) was used to detect the phase transition of CA. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum (FTIR) was adopted to detect the presence of carboxyl and amine groups in the CA moiety. Payne effect, BR content and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) were employed to investigate the micro-level dispersion of CB in the natural rubber (NR) matrix.","PeriodicalId":19583,"journal":{"name":"Organic Polymer Material Research","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74598118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shyam D Maurya, M. Singh, S. Amanulla, S. N. Yadav, S. Nayak
In the current study, the effect of flyash (FA) on the physic-mechanical, electrical, thermal and morphological behavior of nylon-66 (PA) was investigated. PA/FA composites were prepared by melt mixing via twin screw extruder, with varying weight percent (5 wt %, 10 wt %, 15 wt % and 20 wt %) of flyash. The results of composites were optimized and compared with virgin nylon-66. Mechanical and electrical properties of composites improved up to 10 wt% of FA loading without compromising the properties. The flyash filled nylon-66 composites showed a low abrasive wear rate. Increase the heat distortion temperature of composites with an increase in weight percent of flyash while opposing the melt flow rate. Flyash filler enhances the stiffness of plastics but significantly reduces the impact properties. Dispersion of flyash was examined by impact fracture surface of composites using a scanning electron microscope.
{"title":"Mechanical, Electrical and Thermal Properties of Nylon-66/Flyash Composites: Effect of Flyash","authors":"Shyam D Maurya, M. Singh, S. Amanulla, S. N. Yadav, S. Nayak","doi":"10.30564/opmr.v4i2.5233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/opmr.v4i2.5233","url":null,"abstract":"In the current study, the effect of flyash (FA) on the physic-mechanical, electrical, thermal and morphological behavior of nylon-66 (PA) was investigated. PA/FA composites were prepared by melt mixing via twin screw extruder, with varying weight percent (5 wt %, 10 wt %, 15 wt % and 20 wt %) of flyash. The results of composites were optimized and compared with virgin nylon-66. Mechanical and electrical properties of composites improved up to 10 wt% of FA loading without compromising the properties. The flyash filled nylon-66 composites showed a low abrasive wear rate. Increase the heat distortion temperature of composites with an increase in weight percent of flyash while opposing the melt flow rate. Flyash filler enhances the stiffness of plastics but significantly reduces the impact properties. Dispersion of flyash was examined by impact fracture surface of composites using a scanning electron microscope.","PeriodicalId":19583,"journal":{"name":"Organic Polymer Material Research","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81616682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wouter Ruelens, Fariba Mafakheri, Viktor Van Lierde, M. Smet
The biobased renewable monomer 2,5-diformylfuran is polymerised using various N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysts in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) affording a low molar mass polymer. It is shown that catalyst structure as well as the temperature and time the polymerization is running have a noticeable effect on its molar mass. The obtained material is characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). An attempt at chain extension with diamine leads to precipitation of the polymer. This new biobased polymer material might be useful as a sustainable resin.
{"title":"N-heterocyclic Carbene Catalysed Polymerisation of 2,5-Diformylfuran","authors":"Wouter Ruelens, Fariba Mafakheri, Viktor Van Lierde, M. Smet","doi":"10.30564/opmr.v4i2.4953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/opmr.v4i2.4953","url":null,"abstract":"The biobased renewable monomer 2,5-diformylfuran is polymerised using various N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysts in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) affording a low molar mass polymer. It is shown that catalyst structure as well as the temperature and time the polymerization is running have a noticeable effect on its molar mass. The obtained material is characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). An attempt at chain extension with diamine leads to precipitation of the polymer. This new biobased polymer material might be useful as a sustainable resin.","PeriodicalId":19583,"journal":{"name":"Organic Polymer Material Research","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84728409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, structural characteristics of amorphous mono-, di-, andtri-substituted esters of cellulose have been studied. These esters weresynthesized under homogenous conditions using anhydrides of variousaliphatic acids. The specific gravity of the highly substituted samples wasmeasured by a pycnometric method in the aqueous medium. To calculatethe molar, Van der Waals, and free volumes, as well as the packingcoefficient of amorphous esters the method of additive contributions ofpartial volumes of atoms and atom groups in the volumes of polymerswas used. Based on the molar volume, also specific gravity of celluloseesters was calculated. The coincidence of calculated and experimentalcharacteristics was shown. In addition, the relationship between glasstransition temperature and free volume was found for the esters. Thetheoretical equations were derived, which provide predicting the structuralcharacteristics of cellulose esters with different degrees of substitution.
{"title":"Study of Structural Characteristics of Cellulose Esters with Different Degrees of Substitution","authors":"M. Ioelovich","doi":"10.30564/opmr.v4i1.4805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/opmr.v4i1.4805","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, structural characteristics of amorphous mono-, di-, andtri-substituted esters of cellulose have been studied. These esters weresynthesized under homogenous conditions using anhydrides of variousaliphatic acids. The specific gravity of the highly substituted samples wasmeasured by a pycnometric method in the aqueous medium. To calculatethe molar, Van der Waals, and free volumes, as well as the packingcoefficient of amorphous esters the method of additive contributions ofpartial volumes of atoms and atom groups in the volumes of polymerswas used. Based on the molar volume, also specific gravity of celluloseesters was calculated. The coincidence of calculated and experimentalcharacteristics was shown. In addition, the relationship between glasstransition temperature and free volume was found for the esters. Thetheoretical equations were derived, which provide predicting the structuralcharacteristics of cellulose esters with different degrees of substitution.","PeriodicalId":19583,"journal":{"name":"Organic Polymer Material Research","volume":"229 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81739469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The formation and application of polymeric nanomaterials is great demandin science, industry, biotechnology, and medicine due to the possibility ofachieving a significant improvement in the physicochemical, mechanical,and barrier properties of polymers and using them as drug carriers andfillers, which is especially promising for biodegradable polymers such aschitosan and their derivatives. The article presents methods for creatingpolymer nanostructures based on polysaccharides and, in particular,chitosan. Obtaining nanostructured samples of chitosan using theapproaches of chemical transformation and modification of polysaccharidesis an urgent scientific problem, the solution of which makes it possible toobtain new polymer systems of great practical interest. The medical aspectsof the use of polymer carriers based on chitosan for the treatment of variousdiseases are discussed. The unique specificity of the properties of chitosanand nanomaterials derived from it, with the properties inherent in thisnatural polymer, can serve as a promising future, especially in the field ofmedicine.
{"title":"Chitosan-based Nanosystems as Drug Carriers","authors":"R. Milusheva, S. Rashidova","doi":"10.30564/opmr.v4i1.4644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/opmr.v4i1.4644","url":null,"abstract":"The formation and application of polymeric nanomaterials is great demandin science, industry, biotechnology, and medicine due to the possibility ofachieving a significant improvement in the physicochemical, mechanical,and barrier properties of polymers and using them as drug carriers andfillers, which is especially promising for biodegradable polymers such aschitosan and their derivatives. The article presents methods for creatingpolymer nanostructures based on polysaccharides and, in particular,chitosan. Obtaining nanostructured samples of chitosan using theapproaches of chemical transformation and modification of polysaccharidesis an urgent scientific problem, the solution of which makes it possible toobtain new polymer systems of great practical interest. The medical aspectsof the use of polymer carriers based on chitosan for the treatment of variousdiseases are discussed. The unique specificity of the properties of chitosanand nanomaterials derived from it, with the properties inherent in thisnatural polymer, can serve as a promising future, especially in the field ofmedicine.","PeriodicalId":19583,"journal":{"name":"Organic Polymer Material Research","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87714105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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