Haktan Aktaş, Bayram Ürkek, Hacer Meral Aktaş, Bülent Çetin, M. Şengül
Abstract In the study, some physicochemical, viscosity, rheological properties, benzoic and sorbic acid contents of a total of 96 yoghurt samples (consisting of homemade, local and national) collected from different provinces of Turkey were investigated. It was determined that national yoghurt samples had the highest average dry matter (13.8%) and the lowest syneresis values (35.8%). Homemade yoghurts had the lowest average viscosity (at 20 rpm, 4079 cP; 50 rpm, 2142 cP), consistency coefficient values (44.4). It was determined that the flow behavior index values of all yoghurt samples were between 0 and 1 and showed pseudoplastic behavior. It was found that the national commercial yoghurt samples were higher than the homemade and regional samples in terms of dry matter, syneresis, viscosity and consistency coefficient. Although the mean benzoic acid values were detected between 5.43 and 31.9 mg kg−1, sorbic acid was found in only one sample (local brand yoghurt sample).
{"title":"Comparison of some characteristics of homemade, local and national brands yoghurts","authors":"Haktan Aktaş, Bayram Ürkek, Hacer Meral Aktaş, Bülent Çetin, M. Şengül","doi":"10.2478/auoc-2023-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/auoc-2023-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the study, some physicochemical, viscosity, rheological properties, benzoic and sorbic acid contents of a total of 96 yoghurt samples (consisting of homemade, local and national) collected from different provinces of Turkey were investigated. It was determined that national yoghurt samples had the highest average dry matter (13.8%) and the lowest syneresis values (35.8%). Homemade yoghurts had the lowest average viscosity (at 20 rpm, 4079 cP; 50 rpm, 2142 cP), consistency coefficient values (44.4). It was determined that the flow behavior index values of all yoghurt samples were between 0 and 1 and showed pseudoplastic behavior. It was found that the national commercial yoghurt samples were higher than the homemade and regional samples in terms of dry matter, syneresis, viscosity and consistency coefficient. Although the mean benzoic acid values were detected between 5.43 and 31.9 mg kg−1, sorbic acid was found in only one sample (local brand yoghurt sample).","PeriodicalId":19641,"journal":{"name":"Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry","volume":"15 1","pages":"8 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87958416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The equilibrium stress, decay stress, relaxation time, viscosity, modulus of elasticity, and decay modulus are major characteristics of viscoelastic food materials and therefore a modified mechanical model was used in this current research for the viscoelastic properties’ evaluation of Kashkaval cheese. Also, the chemical composition (fat content, moisture, protein content, water activity, salt, and acidity), and inside-outside color of the Kashkaval cheese were studied. From the analysis of stress relaxation curves the analyzed cheese samples fall into the category of viscoelastic solids with equilibrium stress greater than 0. The decay stress and decay modulus of the maturated unpacked samples showed the highest values of 36.31 kPa and 121.05 kPa, while the relaxation time of cheese samples was greater than 112.35 s. To evaluate the fit of the applied mechanical model to the experimental data the determination coefficient (R2 > 0.937) and the absolute average deviation coefficient were calculated (AAD < 10.324) and the evaluated cheeses’ parameters with the modified Maxwell model were at statistically appropriate levels.
{"title":"The effect of maturation conditions on physicochemical and viscoelastic properties of Kashkaval cheese","authors":"Sergiu Pădureț","doi":"10.2478/auoc-2023-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/auoc-2023-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The equilibrium stress, decay stress, relaxation time, viscosity, modulus of elasticity, and decay modulus are major characteristics of viscoelastic food materials and therefore a modified mechanical model was used in this current research for the viscoelastic properties’ evaluation of Kashkaval cheese. Also, the chemical composition (fat content, moisture, protein content, water activity, salt, and acidity), and inside-outside color of the Kashkaval cheese were studied. From the analysis of stress relaxation curves the analyzed cheese samples fall into the category of viscoelastic solids with equilibrium stress greater than 0. The decay stress and decay modulus of the maturated unpacked samples showed the highest values of 36.31 kPa and 121.05 kPa, while the relaxation time of cheese samples was greater than 112.35 s. To evaluate the fit of the applied mechanical model to the experimental data the determination coefficient (R2 > 0.937) and the absolute average deviation coefficient were calculated (AAD < 10.324) and the evaluated cheeses’ parameters with the modified Maxwell model were at statistically appropriate levels.","PeriodicalId":19641,"journal":{"name":"Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry","volume":"316 1","pages":"34 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80111410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this study, we calculated the enthalpy (ΔH, kcal/mol), entropy (∆S, cal/K·mol) and free energy (ΔG, kcal/mol) thermodynamic values of each molecule for forty-seven different solvent media according to semi-empirical quantum methods (PM7, PM6, PM6-DH2, RM1, PM3, AM1, and MNDO) using the MOPAC computer program. The theoretical pKa values were calculated by placing these values in the thermodynamic cycle. It was determined that the triazole derivative molecules examined in this study showed a very high acidity in trifluoroacetic acid and a very low acidity in cyclohexane. The fifth molecule of the triazole derivative molecules examined in this study showed a very high acidity (pKa :1.2457) in trifluoroacetic acid according to the RM1 semi-empirical quantum method. On the other hand, it was determined that the fourth molecule showed a very low acidity (pKa : 69.5668) in cyclohexane according to the RM1 semi-empirical quantum method.
{"title":"Determination of the pKa value of some 1,2,4-triazol derivatives in forty seven different solvents using semi-empirical quantum methods (PM7, PM6, PM6-DH2, RM1, PM3, AM1, and MNDO) by MOPAC computer program","authors":"F. Islamoglu, Naciye Erdoğan, Esra Hacifazlioğlu","doi":"10.2478/auoc-2023-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/auoc-2023-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, we calculated the enthalpy (ΔH, kcal/mol), entropy (∆S, cal/K·mol) and free energy (ΔG, kcal/mol) thermodynamic values of each molecule for forty-seven different solvent media according to semi-empirical quantum methods (PM7, PM6, PM6-DH2, RM1, PM3, AM1, and MNDO) using the MOPAC computer program. The theoretical pKa values were calculated by placing these values in the thermodynamic cycle. It was determined that the triazole derivative molecules examined in this study showed a very high acidity in trifluoroacetic acid and a very low acidity in cyclohexane. The fifth molecule of the triazole derivative molecules examined in this study showed a very high acidity (pKa :1.2457) in trifluoroacetic acid according to the RM1 semi-empirical quantum method. On the other hand, it was determined that the fourth molecule showed a very low acidity (pKa : 69.5668) in cyclohexane according to the RM1 semi-empirical quantum method.","PeriodicalId":19641,"journal":{"name":"Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry","volume":"11 1","pages":"50 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79137445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Ogoko, Stella Amarachi Onyemelukwe, H. Kelle, I. Iroegbulem, Donard Emeziem, A. A. Fagbohun
Abstract Urban water supplied from treatment plants can constitute public health problems if poorly treated or accidentally contaminated. Water quality and health risk assessment of water supplied from Lagos State water treatment plant was performed. Heavy metal concentration was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The mean concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cd, Ni, As and Cr were within the standard maximum permissible limits for drinking water quality. The mean estimated daily intake through oral ingestion of drinking water for Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cd, Ni, As and Cr were 0.00024, 0.00117, 0.00158, 0.00665, 0.00736, 0.000271, 0.00148, 0.000563 and 0.000834 mg/kg bw/day respectively, but were within acceptable tolerable daily intake standards for adult population. The values of hazard quotients for the heavy metal in water samples were below one for adult population. Hazard indices of treated water samples were below the threshold value of one (HI ˂ 1) while hazard indices of untreated and pre-treated water samples exceeded one, indicating possible associated potential health risks as a result of combined effects of the heavy metals through oral consumption water. Incremental life cancer risk values of Cd, Ni, As and Cr in all the three categories of water samples exceeded the safe limit for cancer risk while the cumulative cancer risk (ΣILCR) also exceeded the proposed threshold safe risk limit (> 1x10−4), indicating potential carcinogenic lifetime health risk in adult population through oral consumption of the heavy metal in water. Conclusively, the treated water had lowest levels of heavy metals, hazard quotient, incremental life cancer risks values and unsafe for drinking purposes compared to the untreated and pre-treated water.
{"title":"Health risk assessment of heavy metals in drinking water from Iponri water treatment plant, Lagos water corporation Nigeria","authors":"E. Ogoko, Stella Amarachi Onyemelukwe, H. Kelle, I. Iroegbulem, Donard Emeziem, A. A. Fagbohun","doi":"10.2478/auoc-2023-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/auoc-2023-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Urban water supplied from treatment plants can constitute public health problems if poorly treated or accidentally contaminated. Water quality and health risk assessment of water supplied from Lagos State water treatment plant was performed. Heavy metal concentration was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The mean concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cd, Ni, As and Cr were within the standard maximum permissible limits for drinking water quality. The mean estimated daily intake through oral ingestion of drinking water for Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cd, Ni, As and Cr were 0.00024, 0.00117, 0.00158, 0.00665, 0.00736, 0.000271, 0.00148, 0.000563 and 0.000834 mg/kg bw/day respectively, but were within acceptable tolerable daily intake standards for adult population. The values of hazard quotients for the heavy metal in water samples were below one for adult population. Hazard indices of treated water samples were below the threshold value of one (HI ˂ 1) while hazard indices of untreated and pre-treated water samples exceeded one, indicating possible associated potential health risks as a result of combined effects of the heavy metals through oral consumption water. Incremental life cancer risk values of Cd, Ni, As and Cr in all the three categories of water samples exceeded the safe limit for cancer risk while the cumulative cancer risk (ΣILCR) also exceeded the proposed threshold safe risk limit (> 1x10−4), indicating potential carcinogenic lifetime health risk in adult population through oral consumption of the heavy metal in water. Conclusively, the treated water had lowest levels of heavy metals, hazard quotient, incremental life cancer risks values and unsafe for drinking purposes compared to the untreated and pre-treated water.","PeriodicalId":19641,"journal":{"name":"Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry","volume":"24 1","pages":"41 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82212511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating nervous system disease known for its lesions and manifests itself with attacks. According to some theories, inflammation and oxidative stress play an important role in MS. With this study, we aimed to examine the levels of oxidative stress, inflammation and DNA damage in MS patients and to get an idea about the course of the disease from these data. The research comprised patients diagnosed with MS between the ages of 18 and 60. Photometric techniques were used to determine serum native thiol (NT), total thiol (TT), total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status (TOS) levels. The oxidative stress index (OSI), disulfide (DIS) level, and percentages of DIS/TT, DIS/NT, and NT/TT were determined with mathematical calculations. Inflammation biomarkers tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) were measured by photometric methods with commercially purchased ELISA kits. DNA damage was detected using alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis. TOS, OSI, and DIS levels, as well as DIS/NT and DIS/TT percentages, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF- α and DNA damage levels were shown to be statistically significantly increased in MS patients than in the healthy control group (p < 0,001), according to the study's findings. Furthermore, TAS, TT, and NT levels were decreased in MS patients. Inflammation occurs as a result of oxidative stress in MS patients and causes DNA damage. Our results show that clinicians should consider oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage when evaluating MS's development.
{"title":"Effects of oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inflammation in multiple sclerosis: A clinical perspective","authors":"H. Beyaztas, Mustafa Uzun, S. Aktaş, E. Guler","doi":"10.2478/auoc-2022-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/auoc-2022-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating nervous system disease known for its lesions and manifests itself with attacks. According to some theories, inflammation and oxidative stress play an important role in MS. With this study, we aimed to examine the levels of oxidative stress, inflammation and DNA damage in MS patients and to get an idea about the course of the disease from these data. The research comprised patients diagnosed with MS between the ages of 18 and 60. Photometric techniques were used to determine serum native thiol (NT), total thiol (TT), total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status (TOS) levels. The oxidative stress index (OSI), disulfide (DIS) level, and percentages of DIS/TT, DIS/NT, and NT/TT were determined with mathematical calculations. Inflammation biomarkers tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) were measured by photometric methods with commercially purchased ELISA kits. DNA damage was detected using alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis. TOS, OSI, and DIS levels, as well as DIS/NT and DIS/TT percentages, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF- α and DNA damage levels were shown to be statistically significantly increased in MS patients than in the healthy control group (p < 0,001), according to the study's findings. Furthermore, TAS, TT, and NT levels were decreased in MS patients. Inflammation occurs as a result of oxidative stress in MS patients and causes DNA damage. Our results show that clinicians should consider oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage when evaluating MS's development.","PeriodicalId":19641,"journal":{"name":"Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry","volume":"8 1","pages":"166 - 171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73012417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Roman, Denisa Ioana Voiculescu, V. Ostafe, A. Ciorsac, A. Isvoran
Abstract This review provides the summarized current knowledge on the degradation and effects on the non-target organisms from soil and aquatic environment of the triazole fungicides approved to be used in most of the European Union also taking into account stereospecific differences. Synthetized data reveal that triazole fungicides are usually persistent in aqueous environment and soil, and manifest moderately acute and chronic toxicity against the organisms living in these environments. Furthermore, the enantiomers of triazole fungicides proved to have distinct distribution and effects on these environments. These data are important for assuring a sustainable agriculture by production and use of single-stereoisomer and/or encouraging a management of agricultural crops with minimum effects on environment.
{"title":"A review of the toxicity of triazole fungicides approved to be used in European Union to the soil and aqueous environment","authors":"D. Roman, Denisa Ioana Voiculescu, V. Ostafe, A. Ciorsac, A. Isvoran","doi":"10.2478/auoc-2022-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/auoc-2022-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This review provides the summarized current knowledge on the degradation and effects on the non-target organisms from soil and aquatic environment of the triazole fungicides approved to be used in most of the European Union also taking into account stereospecific differences. Synthetized data reveal that triazole fungicides are usually persistent in aqueous environment and soil, and manifest moderately acute and chronic toxicity against the organisms living in these environments. Furthermore, the enantiomers of triazole fungicides proved to have distinct distribution and effects on these environments. These data are important for assuring a sustainable agriculture by production and use of single-stereoisomer and/or encouraging a management of agricultural crops with minimum effects on environment.","PeriodicalId":19641,"journal":{"name":"Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry","volume":"2 1","pages":"113 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73254195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Mosoarca, C. Vancea, S. Popa, S. Boran, M. Rădulescu-Grad
Abstract In this study the Taguchi method was used to establish the optimal conditions for the adsorption of crystal violet dye on an adsorbent obtained from dry bean pods husk. Six factors, at three level, were considered in establishing the L27 Taguchi orthogonal array. The ANOVA analysis was performed to calculate the each factor percentage contribution on the dye removal efficiency. A desorption study was carried out to evaluate the regeneration possibility of the used adsorbent. The removal efficiency ranged from 5.91 to 94.48 % depending on the controllable factors combination set by Taguchi design. The results showed that the factor with the highest percentage contribution on the dye removal efficiency was the ionic strength (48.85 %). The correlation between the predicted values of the dye removal efficiency with those obtained experimentally indicate a good accuracy of Taguchi approach.
{"title":"Crystal violet removal from aqueous solutions using dry bean pods husks powder – optimization and desorption studies","authors":"G. Mosoarca, C. Vancea, S. Popa, S. Boran, M. Rădulescu-Grad","doi":"10.2478/auoc-2022-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/auoc-2022-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study the Taguchi method was used to establish the optimal conditions for the adsorption of crystal violet dye on an adsorbent obtained from dry bean pods husk. Six factors, at three level, were considered in establishing the L27 Taguchi orthogonal array. The ANOVA analysis was performed to calculate the each factor percentage contribution on the dye removal efficiency. A desorption study was carried out to evaluate the regeneration possibility of the used adsorbent. The removal efficiency ranged from 5.91 to 94.48 % depending on the controllable factors combination set by Taguchi design. The results showed that the factor with the highest percentage contribution on the dye removal efficiency was the ionic strength (48.85 %). The correlation between the predicted values of the dye removal efficiency with those obtained experimentally indicate a good accuracy of Taguchi approach.","PeriodicalId":19641,"journal":{"name":"Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry","volume":"19 1","pages":"129 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81625434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The efficiency of pineapple crown extract as corrosion inhibitor of aluminum in 1M H2SO4 acidic medium was tested using weight loss and potentiodynamic methods, at varied inhibitor concentration. Through the data from the weight loss method there was calculated the corrosion rate and pineapple crown extract’s inhibition on aluminum corrosion in acidic medium, at varied inhibitor concentration. Also, with the data obtained from the potentiodynamic method, the polarization curves and Tafel tangents were constructed, while calculating the corrosion rate and inhibition efficiency of pineapple crown extract. Experimental measurements showed that pineapple crown extract acts as a mixed inhibitor and the inhibition efficiency increases with increasing the extract concentration.
{"title":"Study of corrosion inhibition of aluminum in acidic media by pineapple crown extract","authors":"A. Jano, Alketa Lame, E. Kokalari, Elidona Bicaku","doi":"10.2478/auoc-2022-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/auoc-2022-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The efficiency of pineapple crown extract as corrosion inhibitor of aluminum in 1M H2SO4 acidic medium was tested using weight loss and potentiodynamic methods, at varied inhibitor concentration. Through the data from the weight loss method there was calculated the corrosion rate and pineapple crown extract’s inhibition on aluminum corrosion in acidic medium, at varied inhibitor concentration. Also, with the data obtained from the potentiodynamic method, the polarization curves and Tafel tangents were constructed, while calculating the corrosion rate and inhibition efficiency of pineapple crown extract. Experimental measurements showed that pineapple crown extract acts as a mixed inhibitor and the inhibition efficiency increases with increasing the extract concentration.","PeriodicalId":19641,"journal":{"name":"Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry","volume":"54 1","pages":"104 - 107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73010154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micelles catalyzed the degradation of fuchsin in the entire surfactant concentration range investigated. The pseudo first order rate constants increased with CTAB concentrations. However, there was a decrease in the rate constant at higher concentrations of CTAB. Increase in the rate constant was attributed to the incorporation of fuchsin and hydroxide ion in the stern layer of the CTAB micelles. The kinetics involved the removal of the π-conjugation in fuchsin due to its attack by hydroxide ion on the central C atom of the planar ring which led to the formation of carbinol. The reaction showed first order each to fuchsin and OH-. Menger-Portnoy and Piszkiewicz cooperative models were used to explain the micellar and kinetic effects.
{"title":"Dynamics of CTAB micelle mediated reaction of fuchsin degradation in alkaline medium","authors":"D. F. Latona, Emmanuel Adegoke Akinola","doi":"10.2478/auoc-2022-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/auoc-2022-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micelles catalyzed the degradation of fuchsin in the entire surfactant concentration range investigated. The pseudo first order rate constants increased with CTAB concentrations. However, there was a decrease in the rate constant at higher concentrations of CTAB. Increase in the rate constant was attributed to the incorporation of fuchsin and hydroxide ion in the stern layer of the CTAB micelles. The kinetics involved the removal of the π-conjugation in fuchsin due to its attack by hydroxide ion on the central C atom of the planar ring which led to the formation of carbinol. The reaction showed first order each to fuchsin and OH-. Menger-Portnoy and Piszkiewicz cooperative models were used to explain the micellar and kinetic effects.","PeriodicalId":19641,"journal":{"name":"Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry","volume":"19 1","pages":"108 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79854410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Petronela Elena Bran, Daniela Nicuţă, L. Grosu, Oana-Irina Patriciu, I. Alexa
Abstract The grape pomace hydroalcoholic extracts obtained by two different extraction methods were tested for biostimulatory potential activity for Origanum vulgare L. cultures. The total polyphenols contents of extracts were evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteu method. Characteristics such as: pH, salinity, conductivity and total dissolved solids were determined. FTIR and UV spectra of extracts were also recorded. The effect of grape pomace extracts on growth and development of oregano plant were studied by carrying out in vitro propagation of oregano on Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with different concentrations of grape pomace extracts. Biometric measurements, growth rate and biomass accumulation have been narrowly monitored for all samples and compared to the control sample. The results have shown that the morphogenetic response depends both on the proportion in which basal medium was supplemented and on the extraction method used. A stimulation of growth and development at a low concentration of grape pomace extracts has been noted. The best results were observed in the samples with 1 and 5 % of grape pomace extract obtained by classical extraction.
{"title":"Investigation regarding the potential application of grape pomace extracts on in vitro plant growth and development","authors":"Petronela Elena Bran, Daniela Nicuţă, L. Grosu, Oana-Irina Patriciu, I. Alexa","doi":"10.2478/auoc-2022-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/auoc-2022-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The grape pomace hydroalcoholic extracts obtained by two different extraction methods were tested for biostimulatory potential activity for Origanum vulgare L. cultures. The total polyphenols contents of extracts were evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteu method. Characteristics such as: pH, salinity, conductivity and total dissolved solids were determined. FTIR and UV spectra of extracts were also recorded. The effect of grape pomace extracts on growth and development of oregano plant were studied by carrying out in vitro propagation of oregano on Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with different concentrations of grape pomace extracts. Biometric measurements, growth rate and biomass accumulation have been narrowly monitored for all samples and compared to the control sample. The results have shown that the morphogenetic response depends both on the proportion in which basal medium was supplemented and on the extraction method used. A stimulation of growth and development at a low concentration of grape pomace extracts has been noted. The best results were observed in the samples with 1 and 5 % of grape pomace extract obtained by classical extraction.","PeriodicalId":19641,"journal":{"name":"Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry","volume":"74 1","pages":"135 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86290100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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