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Association of Social Media use with Sleep among Physiotherapy Students of Islamabad 伊斯兰堡物理治疗专业学生使用社交媒体与睡眠的关系
Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs02023171131
Sidra Hanif, Zobia Kousar, Saania Kanwal Khanzada, Hafiza Sumaira Aroo, Dilawaiz Gul, R. Naseer
Background: Social media use is quick and hard to resist nowadays. Social media continue to play a significant role in an individual's life in spite of all of the technological advancements. One of the main reasons why people have insomnia in the modern society is the media. Aim: To ascertain whether University of Ibadat International University Islamabad physiotherapy students' use of social media and the quality of their sleep are related. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 2022 to February 2023 among students of Ibadat International University Islamabad. Sample was raised through non-probability convenient sampling techniques. 231 participants were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was analyzed by SPSS 25. Result: Total participants were 112. Out of which 15(13.4%) were males and 97(86.6%) were females, 70(62.5%) were in the age group 18-20 years, 28(25%) were in the age group 21-23 years, 14(12.5%) were in the age group 24-26 years, 88 participants have low addiction; 4 with good sleep and 84 with poor sleep. Whereas 24 participants have high addiction; 1 with good sleep and 23 with poor sleep. Usage of social media 31-60 minutes per day was 2(1.8%), 61-120 minutes per day 35(31.3%) and more than 120 minutes per day was 75(67%). The study population's chi square association (p-value) was 0.709, suggesting that there was no significant correlation between social media disruption and sleep quality. Practical Implication: Smartphone use for work-related communication at night can reduce efficiency and disrupt sleep hygiene. Accessing social media on smartphones can prolong sleep onset latency, reducing overall sleep duration, and resulting in poor sleep quality and problematic patterns. Conclusion: There is no association found between social media usage and sleep among physiotherapy students and health care professionals of Ibadat International University. Keywords: sleep, social media, PSQI, BSMAS, work-related communication, prolong sleep
背景:如今,社交媒体的使用迅速而难以抗拒。尽管技术在不断进步,但社交媒体仍在个人生活中发挥着重要作用。在现代社会中,人们失眠的主要原因之一就是媒体。目的:了解伊斯兰堡伊巴达特国际大学物理治疗专业学生使用社交媒体与睡眠质量是否相关。调查方法:于 2022 年 10 月至 2023 年 2 月对伊斯兰堡伊巴达特国际大学的学生进行了描述性横断面调查。样本是通过非概率方便抽样技术获得的。根据纳入和排除标准选出了 231 名参与者。数据采用 SPSS 25 进行分析。结果参与者共计 112 人。其中 15 人(13.4%)为男性,97 人(86.6%)为女性;70 人(62.5%)年龄在 18-20 岁之间,28 人(25%)年龄在 21-23 岁之间,14 人(12.5%)年龄在 24-26 岁之间;88 人成瘾程度低;4 人睡眠质量好,84 人睡眠质量差。而 24 名参与者的成瘾程度较高;1 人睡眠质量良好,23 人睡眠质量较差。每天使用社交媒体 31-60 分钟的有 2 人(1.8%),61-120 分钟的有 35 人(31.3%),120 分钟以上的有 75 人(67%)。研究人群的奇平方关联(P 值)为 0.709,表明社交媒体干扰与睡眠质量之间没有显著相关性。实际意义:夜间使用智能手机进行与工作相关的交流会降低工作效率,扰乱睡眠卫生。使用智能手机访问社交媒体会延长睡眠开始潜伏期,缩短整体睡眠时间,导致睡眠质量低下和睡眠模式出现问题。结论伊巴达特国际大学的物理治疗专业学生和医护人员使用社交媒体与睡眠之间没有关联。关键词:睡眠、社交媒体、PSQI、BSMAS、工作相关交流、睡眠延长
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引用次数: 0
Disease-Related Stigma, Emotional Regulation and Depression in Patients with HIV 艾滋病患者与疾病相关的耻辱感、情绪调节和抑郁
Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs02023171147
Fozia Bibi, S. Majeed, Sadia Nikhet, B. J. Makhdoom, Ali Burhan Mustafa
Background: HIV/AIDS has become one of the major global health burdens. Self-stigma and emotion dysregulation in people living with HIV (PLWH) have become urgent issues and have attracted the attention of both physicians and epidemiologists. Aim: To examine the relationship between disease-related stigma, emotional regulation, and depression in patients with HIV. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A purposive sample of 100 patients—70 male and 30 female diagnosed with HIV/AIDS was collected from two public hospitals in southern Punjab. Patients who had been diagnosed as being HIV positive for at least three months were included in the study. The age range of participants was 18 to 50 years. Patients with other medical issues were excluded from the study. Measures for data collection were the Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC), Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS), and Hamilton Depression Scale. The data was evaluated using SPSS version 24. Pearson’s correlation was applied. Results: There is an inverse relationship (-.34**) obtained between disease-related stigma and emotional regulation, whereas a significant positive relationship (r =.41**) is found between disease-related stigma and depression. A negative relationship (r=-.59**) is also examined between emotional regulation and depression. Emotional regulation is a mediator between disease-related stigma and depression in patients with HIV. There is a significant gender difference in depression. The mean score of depression is high among females as compared to males. Practical Implication: It improved the psychological health of HIV-positive patients by categorizing the issues they face. Conclusion: It was concluded that disease-related stigma is positively related to depression while emotional regulation is inversely related to depression. Emotional regulation also plays a mediating role between self-stigma and depression in patients with HIV positive. Women scored higher on depression as compared to men. Keywords: HIV Patients, Psychological Impact, Psychological Distress and Social Stigma.
背景:艾滋病毒/艾滋病已成为全球主要的健康负担之一。艾滋病病毒感染者(PLWH)的自我污名化和情绪失调已成为亟待解决的问题,并引起了医生和流行病学家的关注。目的:研究艾滋病病毒感染者与疾病相关的耻辱感、情绪调节和抑郁之间的关系。研究方法进行横断面研究。研究人员从旁遮普省南部的两家公立医院收集了 100 名患者(男性 70 名,女性 30 名),这些患者均被确诊为艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者。被诊断为艾滋病毒阳性至少三个月的患者被纳入研究范围。参与者的年龄范围为 18 至 50 岁。有其他医疗问题的患者不在研究范围内。数据收集措施包括歧视与成见量表(DISC)、情绪调节困难量表(DERS)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表。数据使用 SPSS 24 版进行评估。采用皮尔逊相关分析。结果显示疾病相关成见与情绪调节之间存在反向关系(-.34**),而疾病相关成见与抑郁之间存在显著的正向关系(r=.41**)。情绪调节与抑郁之间也存在负相关(r=-.59**)。情绪调节是艾滋病患者疾病相关耻辱感与抑郁之间的中介因素。抑郁的性别差异很大。女性抑郁的平均得分高于男性。实际意义:通过对 HIV 阳性患者面临的问题进行分类,改善了他们的心理健康。结论结论:与疾病相关的耻辱感与抑郁呈正相关,而情绪调节与抑郁呈反相关。情绪调节在艾滋病毒阳性患者的自我污名和抑郁之间也起着中介作用。与男性相比,女性的抑郁得分更高。关键词艾滋病患者、心理影响、心理困扰和社会污名。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of Symbiotic in Treatment of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: RCT 共生素治疗慢性自发性荨麻疹的效果:临床试验
Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs02023171138
Muhammad Ali Lal Bux, T. Laique
Background: A challenging health issue nowadays is chronic spontaneous urticaria, which affects almost 2% of the normal population, with half of its sufferers failing to respond to standard treatment therapy. Aim: To determine the efficacy and safety of a symbiotic in the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria. Method: This was a randomized trial. This experiment at the Lahore General Hospital involved 204 participants with chronic spontaneous urticaria. Participants were randomized into two groups: oral antihistamines plus an oral probiotic sachet (1.5g) twice daily or oral antihistamines alone for eight weeks. The Urticaria Activity Score was used to evaluate efficacy and safety, while the validated Dermatology Life Quality Index assessed quality of life. An independent sample t-test and a Mann-Whitney test were used to compare the age, UAS7, and DLQI score between the two groups. A p-value ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: Both treatments significantly improved the UAS7 and DLQI scores from baseline; however, the experimental group produced a significantly greater reduction in the UAS7 and DLQI scores compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in the mean baseline score between both groups. A Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare the mean DLQI score before and after treatment in both groups. The results revealed that there was a significant reduction in score from the baseline in both groups. Practical Implication: Due to a lack of clinical data regarding the effective treatment of this health issue, we planned the current project. The results of this study helped us assess the efficacy of probiotics as adjuvant therapy in our local population and added to our local literature. Conclusion: It was concluded that the combination of probiotics and antihistamines showed better efficacy than the antihistamine alone, based on the UAS7 and DLQI scores; hence, they can be used as treatment options among patients. Although further research must be done to validate these findings. Keywords: Efficacy, Safety, Probiotics, DLQI scores, Chronic Urticaria.
背景:慢性自发性荨麻疹是当今一个具有挑战性的健康问题,它影响着近 2% 的正常人群,其中半数患者对标准治疗方法无效。目的:确定共生菌治疗慢性自发性荨麻疹的有效性和安全性。方法:随机试验:这是一项随机试验。在拉合尔总医院进行的这项实验涉及 204 名慢性自发性荨麻疹患者。参与者被随机分为两组:口服抗组胺药加口服益生菌袋(1.5 克),每天两次;或单独口服抗组胺药,为期八周。荨麻疹活动评分用于评估疗效和安全性,而经验证的皮肤科生活质量指数则用于评估生活质量。采用独立样本 t 检验和 Mann-Whitney 检验比较两组患者的年龄、UAS7 和 DLQI 评分。P值≤0.05为差异显著。结果与对照组相比,实验组的 UAS7 和 DLQI 分数明显降低。两组的平均基线分数没有明显差异。采用 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验比较两组治疗前后的 DLQI 平均得分。结果显示,两组患者的基线得分均有明显下降。实际意义:由于缺乏有效治疗这一健康问题的临床数据,我们策划了本项目。这项研究的结果有助于我们评估益生菌作为辅助疗法在当地人群中的疗效,并为我们的本地文献增添了新的内容。结论根据 UAS7 和 DLQI 评分,得出的结论是,益生菌和抗组胺药联合使用比单独使用抗组胺药有更好的疗效;因此,益生菌和抗组胺药可以作为患者的治疗选择。尽管还需要进一步的研究来验证这些发现。关键词疗效 安全性 益生菌 DLQI评分 慢性荨麻疹
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引用次数: 0
Crisis Management in Professional Basketball Organizations 职业篮球组织的危机管理
Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs02023171117
Fatma Bayram, D. Katkat
Background: The importance of the crisis concept in sports and the hardly reversible nature of the crises prove the importance of the topic. Aim: To examine the crisis management skills of professional basketball team managers. The crisis management skills of the team managers were also analyzed based on several demographic variables. Methods: The sample group for the study consists of 56 team managers who worked in Turkish basketball leagues in the 2021–2022 season. "Crisis Management Scale" developed by Sayın (2008) was used as the data collection tool. Results: As a result of normality analyses (Kolmogorov, Smirnov), to analyze the data, in addition to the arithmetic mean (x̅) and frequency (f), in independent paired comparisons, the Independent Sample t-Test, and the Mann-Whitney U-test, having non-parametric equivalents, were employed, and in the analyses of group means greater than two, one-way variance analysis (ANOVA) was used. Conclusion: It was found that there were significant differences in crisis management in terms of sex and professional experience, but no significant difference was found in terms of other variables. Keywords: Basketball team managers, the crisis in basketball, the crisis in sports, sports organizations
背景:危机概念在体育运动中的重要性以及危机难以逆转的性质证明了这一主题的重要性。目的:研究职业篮球队经理的危机管理技能。同时,根据几个人口统计学变量对球队经理的危机管理技能进行分析。研究方法研究样本组包括 2021-2022 赛季在土耳其篮球联赛工作的 56 名球队经理。数据收集工具采用 Sayın(2008 年)编制的 "危机管理量表"。结果由于进行了正态性分析(Kolmogorov、Smirnov),在分析数据时,除算术平均数(x̅)和频率(f)外,还采用了独立配对比较、独立样本 t 检验和曼-惠特尼 U 检验等非参数检验方法,在分析组平均数大于 2 时,采用了单因素方差分析(ANOVA)。结论研究发现,危机管理在性别和专业经验方面存在显著差异,但在其他变量方面没有发现显著差异。关键词篮球队管理者、篮球危机、体育危机、体育组织
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of Aerobic and Pilates Exercises on Depression and Sleep Quality in Primigravida Females 有氧运动和普拉提运动对初产妇抑郁和睡眠质量的影响比较
Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs02023171127
Amina Batool, Zoobia Kousar, Mariya Tariq, Maryam Saleem, Nadia Anwer, J. Aslam
Aim: To compare effects of Aerobics and Pilates exercises on depression and sleep quality in primigravida females. Methods: The study was randomized clinical trial and was conducted in children hospital and Mehmooda Hospital Sheikhupura. This study completed in 10 months and convenience sampling technique was used. Total thirty-eight subjects were assigned randomly by using lottery method into two groups. Group A and B received Aerobics and Pilate exercises respectively. Data was collected from all participants at baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment by using CES-D and PSQI questionnaire. After checking the normality of data as p value was greater than 0.05 it was analyzed by using parametric test (independent T test and paired sample T-test) by using SPSS-25. Results: The result of the study showed that in group analysis, improvement in CES-D scale and PSQI were observed in both groups as p value was significant p<0.05.But between the groups significant improvement was seen in CES-D and Quality of Sleep in Pilates training group as p<0.05. Implication: Research on incorporating aerobic exercises during antenatal periods for pregnant women is recommended, with proper follow-up and long-term groupings to ensure treatment efficacy preservation. Conclusion: It was concluded that Aerobics and Pilates exercise training both had significant effects in treating the symptoms of depression and in improving the quality of sleep in antenatal primigravida females. Keywords: Aerobic exercises, Antenatal depression, Pilates exercises, Primigravida females, Sleep quality.
目的:比较有氧运动和普拉提运动对初产妇抑郁和睡眠质量的影响。研究方法本研究为随机临床试验,在儿童医院和谢赫普拉的 Mehmooda 医院进行。这项研究在 10 个月内完成,采用了方便抽样技术。共有 38 名受试者通过抽签法被随机分配到两组。A 组和 B 组分别接受有氧运动和彼拉多运动。通过 CES-D 和 PSQI 问卷收集所有受试者在基线和 8 周治疗后的数据。在检查数据的正态性(P 值大于 0.05)后,使用 SPSS-25 进行参数检验(独立 T 检验和配对样本 T 检验)。结果研究结果表明,在组间分析中,两组的 CES-D 量表和 PSQI 均有改善,P 值显著低于 0.05。意义:建议对孕妇产前进行有氧运动的研究,并进行适当的随访和长期分组,以确保疗效。结论有氧运动和普拉提运动训练对治疗初产妇的抑郁症状和改善睡眠质量均有显著效果。关键词有氧运动 产前抑郁 普拉提运动 初产妇 睡眠质量
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引用次数: 0
Metabesity: The sword with two edges 代谢性肥胖:双刃剑
Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs0202317111
Muhammad Kashif Shaikh, Syed Shaukat Ali Muttaqi Shah, I. Karim, Shagufta Laila Memon, Shafaq Jabeen, Samar Raza
Pakistan is positioned among the top ten countries in terms of the prevalence of obesity, which exposes its citizens to a heightened risk of developing metabolic disorders and metabolic conditions. Metabolic disorders, such as diabetes, manifest concurrently with obesity and other metabolic disorders. Weight gain is additionally correlated with cardiovascular and neurovascular diseases, as well as accelerated ageing, in addition to the aforementioned complications1. Metabolic conditions are distinguished by an intricate interplay of genetic, behavioural, and metabolic elements; thus, comprehensive management protocols are especially crucial, especially for the population of Pakistan. For this purpose, standardized guidelines and literature that had undergone rigorous evaluation were consulted, including those established by the American Society of Clinical Endocrinology (AACE). Regular examinations for diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular diseases, a uniform set of diagnostic criteria, are advised by established protocols for the management of metabesity. Risk assessment involves the evaluation of several physiological parameters, including fasting blood sugar levels (>99mg/dL), high blood pressure (>135/85mmHg), and waist circumference (>90cm in men and >80cm in women in accordance with Asian-based guidelines). The lipid profile (HDL <40mg/dl in men and <50mg/dl in women) is also assessed2,3.
巴基斯坦是肥胖症发病率最高的十个国家之一,这使其公民患代谢紊乱和代谢疾病的风险增加。糖尿病等代谢紊乱与肥胖和其他代谢紊乱同时出现。除上述并发症外,体重增加还与心血管和神经血管疾病以及加速衰老有关1。代谢性疾病的特点是遗传、行为和代谢因素错综复杂的相互作用;因此,综合管理方案尤为重要,特别是对巴基斯坦人口而言。为此,我们参考了经过严格评估的标准化指南和文献,包括美国临床内分泌学会(AACE)制定的指南和文献。糖尿病、血脂异常和心血管疾病的定期检查是一套统一的诊断标准,已制定的代谢肥胖管理规程建议进行这些检查。风险评估涉及对几项生理参数的评估,包括空腹血糖水平(>99 毫克/分升)、高血压(>135/85 毫米汞柱)和腰围(根据亚洲指南,男性>90 厘米,女性>80 厘米)。此外,还要评估血脂情况(男性高密度脂蛋白<40mg/dl,女性<50mg/dl)2,3。
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引用次数: 0
A Review on Repurposing of Drug 药物再利用综述
Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs0202317112
Aqsa Jannat, Sadia Rafique, Sana Javed, Aamna Habib, Zunaira Afzal
Background: For discovering novel drugs and to gain market acceptance process of conventional drug discovery is used in which various stages are involved. Aim: To innovate new approaches for minimizing the cost and time of drug discovery. Method: Several attempts were made for the building of plans based on computational tools and on bio-informatics to strengthen the repurposing method off-late. Various approaches used to invent novel signs for FDA accepted drugs are discussed in this review. Results: The repurposing of the drugs has obtained significance in identifying novel therapeutic uses for existing drugs. It is a productive strategy for the discovery of drugs also time and cost-effective.It fills the gap for the absence of efficiency of conventional drug development. Implications: In drug repurposing, selection and decision of suitable repurposing technique depend on previous knowledge and accessible data from particular studies. The best advantage of the drug repurposing technique is that for approved drugs all the required data is available. Conclusion: This technique is currently appearing to overcome the restriction faced during conventional drug discovery in the form of resources, timeline, and financial support . The feasibility of repurposing technique is improved by its systematic application. Some examples of repurposed drugs are also reviewed here. This review also covers the skill of repurposing survival drugs for use against microbes. Keywords: Conventional drug, drug repurposing, repurposing approaches, docking, proteinopathy.
背景:为了发现新药并获得市场认可,传统的药物发现过程涉及多个阶段。目的:创新新方法,最大限度地减少药物发现的成本和时间。方法:为了加强再利用方法,人们尝试了多种基于计算工具和生物信息学的计划。本综述讨论了用于为 FDA 认可的药物发明新标志的各种方法。结果:药物再利用在确定现有药物的新型治疗用途方面具有重要意义。它填补了传统药物开发效率低下的空白。影响:在药物再利用中,选择和决定合适的再利用技术取决于先前的知识和特定研究中可获得的数据。药物再利用技术的最大优势在于,对于已获批准的药物,所有必要的数据均可获得。结论目前,这种技术正在克服传统药物发现过程中面临的资源、时间和资金支持等方面的限制。再利用技术的系统应用提高了其可行性。本文还回顾了一些再利用药物的实例。本综述还涵盖了将存活药物用于抗微生物的再利用技术。关键词传统药物;药物再利用;再利用方法;对接;蛋白病。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis: A Review 人工智能对心血管疾病诊断的影响:综述
Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs0202317118
Ifra Chaudhary, Hassan Anwar
Background: Cardiovascular diseases present a significant global health challenge and remain the leading cause of death worldwide. However, traditional approaches to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment struggle to keep up with the increasing prevalence of these diseases. Aim: To enhance patient outcomes and optimize healthcare resource utilization. Artificial intelligence (AI), specifically machine learning and deep learning, has rapidly emerged as a promising tool with the potential to revolutionize various aspects of cardiovascular disease management, including detection, diagnosis, and treatment. Method: Reviewed the current literature surrounding AI techniques using PubMed, Science Direct, NCBI and Google Scholar, specifically exploring machine learning and deep learning, and their application in diagnosing heart disease. The focus was on AI's role in improving diagnostic techniques such as echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography angiography, and electrocardiogram analysis. Results: AI has promising applications in various aspects of cardiovascular disease management. Its application in diagnostic techniques can help detect, diagnose, and treat heart disease, ultimately leading to more accurate and personalized treatments. Practical Implication: By integrating these advanced technologies into clinical practice, we can transform the diagnosis and management of heart diseases, leading to more accurate and personalized diagnostics and treatments. Conclusion: AI presents a significant potential in transforming the global health landscape by enhancing cardiovascular disease management. By leveraging these advanced technologies, clinicians can improve patient care and overall outcomes while addressing the increasing prevalence of these diseases. Keywords: Heart Diseases, Diagnosis, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Public Health.
背景:心血管疾病是一项重大的全球健康挑战,仍然是全球死亡的主要原因。然而,传统的预防、诊断和治疗方法难以跟上这些疾病日益增长的发病率。目的:提高患者疗效,优化医疗资源利用。人工智能(AI),特别是机器学习和深度学习,已迅速成为一种前景广阔的工具,有望彻底改变心血管疾病管理的各个方面,包括检测、诊断和治疗。研究方法使用 PubMed、Science Direct、NCBI 和 Google Scholar 查阅了当前有关人工智能技术的文献,特别是探讨了机器学习和深度学习及其在心脏病诊断中的应用。重点是人工智能在改进诊断技术方面的作用,如超声心动图、心脏磁共振成像、计算机断层扫描血管造影和心电图分析。研究结果人工智能在心血管疾病管理的各个方面都有着广阔的应用前景。它在诊断技术中的应用有助于检测、诊断和治疗心脏病,最终实现更准确和个性化的治疗。实际意义:通过将这些先进技术融入临床实践,我们可以改变心脏病的诊断和管理,从而实现更准确、更个性化的诊断和治疗。结论通过加强心血管疾病管理,人工智能在改变全球健康状况方面具有巨大潜力。通过利用这些先进技术,临床医生可以改善患者护理和整体疗效,同时应对这些疾病日益增加的发病率。关键词心脏病 诊断 深度学习 机器学习 公共卫生
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引用次数: 0
Frequency of Neonatal Hypothermia in Preterm Infants Wrapped with and without Plastic Bag after delivery 产后包裹塑料袋和未包裹塑料袋的早产儿发生新生儿体温过低的频率
Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs02023171123
Faizan Pervaiz, Maria Iqbal, Nadia Ejaz, Mahjabeen Akram, Sahar Fatima, Rafia Shoukat
Background: Preterm birth accompanies many complications including hypothermia that worsens neonatal health and may result in fatality if left untreated. Globally, plastic wraps are being used as a low-cost and effective method to maintain temperature. Aim: To compare frequency of neonatal hypothermia in preterm infants wrapped with and without plastic bag after delivery. Study design: This was randomized control trial. Methodology: This study was conducted using at Pediatrics department of SIMS hospital, Lahore, during 6 months. Data was collected using non-probability, consecutive sampling from a sample of 92 (46 newborns in each group). Infants randomized to group-B (no bag group) received standard hospital care based on WHO thermoregulation of the newborn protocol. The data was entered and analyzed in SPSS 23. Results: In plastic wrap group there were 32(69.57%) male and 14(30.43%) female cases while in no wrap group there were 27(58.70%) male and 19(41.30%) female cases, p-value >0.05. The median temperature after one hour was higher in plastic wrap and no wrap group was 37.6±0.7 and 36.85±1.80c respectively, p-value < 0.05. There were 3(6.5%) cases in plastic wrap group and 15(32.6%) of the cases in no wrap group who developed hypothermia, the frequency of hypothermia was statistically less in wrap group when compared with no wrap group, p-value <0.05. Practical Implication: However, there is limited literature in Pakistan that compares temperature maintenance among neonates wrapped and unwrapped with plastic bags. This investigation will help find better answers to this problem. Conclusion: It is concluded that the preterm infants wrapped with plastic bag after delivery had less frequency of neonatal hypothermia after 1 hour. Plastic wraps are effective, low cost and low resource friendly method that should be opted for temperature maintenance of preterm babies. Keywords: Hypothermia, Preterm Birth, Hyperthermia, plastic wraps, Neonates and Temperature.
背景:早产伴随着许多并发症,其中包括体温过低,这会使新生儿的健康状况恶化,如果不及时治疗可能会导致死亡。在全球范围内,保鲜膜作为一种低成本、有效的保暖方法被广泛使用。目的:比较早产儿分娩后使用塑料袋包裹和不使用塑料袋包裹的新生儿体温过低的频率。研究设计:随机对照试验。研究方法:本研究在拉合尔 SIMS 医院儿科进行,为期 6 个月。采用非概率、连续抽样的方式从 92 个样本(每组 46 个新生儿)中收集数据。随机分配到 B 组(无袋组)的婴儿接受了基于世界卫生组织新生儿体温调节方案的标准医院护理。数据用 SPSS 23 进行输入和分析。结果保鲜膜组中,男婴 32 例(69.57%),女婴 14 例(30.43%);无保鲜膜组中,男婴 27 例(58.70%),女婴 19 例(41.30%),P 值均大于 0.05。保鲜膜组和无保鲜膜组一小时后的体温中位数分别为 37.6±0.7c 和 36.85±1.80c,P 值<0.05。保鲜膜组有 3 例(6.5%)出现体温过低,无保鲜膜组有 15 例(32.6%)出现体温过低,与无保鲜膜组相比,保鲜膜组出现体温过低的频率较低,P 值<0.05。实际意义:然而,在巴基斯坦,比较用塑料袋包裹和未包裹新生儿体温维持情况的文献很有限。这项调查将有助于为这一问题找到更好的答案。结论结论是,分娩后用塑料袋包裹的早产儿在 1 小时后发生新生儿体温过低的频率较低。塑料包裹是一种有效、低成本和低资源友好型方法,应选择这种方法为早产儿维持体温。关键词低体温 早产儿 低体温 塑料膜 新生儿 体温
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引用次数: 0
Frequency of Immunohistochemical Marker GPC-3 Expression in Malignant Tumors 恶性肿瘤中免疫组化标记物 GPC-3 的表达频率
Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023176202
Noshaba Rahat, H. Shahzad
Objective: To determine the frequency of immunohistochemical marker GPC-3 expression in malignant tumours in a tertiary care hospital. Material & Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at the department of Histopathology, Dr. Ziauddin Medical University and Hospital, north campus, Karachi, a total of 114 cases of malignant tumours were enrolled using consecutive sampling technique in a period of six months from 1st April, 2012 to 30th September, 2012. Patients of both genders and all age groups of histologically diagnosed case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastatic tumours, germ cell tumours (GCT) and squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) were all included in the study. The patients with benign tumours, malignant lymphoma, brain tumours, breast tumours, colon carcinoma and malignant melanoma were excluded from the study. The study outcome was determined as frequency of positive GPC-3 expression. Results: A total of 114 cases were enrolled. Average age was 48.8 years with majority of cases (70.4%) were 40 years or above age. Male gender was slight dominance (53.5%). Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common (78.9%) followed by, germ cell tumours (10.5%) including (6.1%) yolk sac tumour and 4.3% Germinoma. Hepatocellular carcinoma was found in (6.1%) study cases. Most of the cases (45.6%) were moderately differentiated (SCC and HCC),followed by poorly (42.1%) and well differentiated (12.3%) grading. The frequency of positive GPC-3 expression was 25.4% in all malignant tumour in the current study. It is diagnostic and accuracy is more than other markers for definitive diagnosis and tp differenciate between primary and metastatic tumors. Conclusion: In conclusion out of 114 cases 25.4% of total cases show GCP-3 positively, among which GCT were 24.1% and HCC were 85.7% which is quite similar to other reported studies. Type of the tumour was found to be significantly associated with the age group above 40 years (P=0.000). There is significant association between type of tumour and GCP-3 expression (P=0.000). Keywords: Malignant Tumours, SCC, HCC GCT, GPC, GPC-3 expression
目的确定一家三级医院恶性肿瘤中免疫组化标记物 GPC-3 的表达频率。材料与方法:这项横断面研究在卡拉奇北校区齐亚丁医科大学和医院组织病理学系进行,在 2012 年 4 月 1 日至 2012 年 9 月 30 日的 6 个月内,采用连续抽样技术共登记了 114 例恶性肿瘤病例。经组织学诊断为肝细胞癌(HCC)转移性肿瘤、生殖细胞瘤(GCT)和鳞状细胞癌(SCC)的男女老少患者均被纳入研究范围。良性肿瘤、恶性淋巴瘤、脑肿瘤、乳腺肿瘤、结肠癌和恶性黑色素瘤患者不在研究范围内。研究结果以 GPC-3 阳性表达的频率为准。研究结果共纳入 114 例病例。平均年龄为 48.8 岁,大多数病例(70.4%)年龄在 40 岁或以上。男性略占多数(53.5%)。最常见的是鳞状细胞癌(78.9%),其次是生殖细胞肿瘤(10.5%),包括卵黄囊肿瘤(6.1%)和生殖细胞瘤(4.3%)。肝细胞癌在研究病例中占 6.1%。大多数病例(45.6%)属于中度分化(SCC 和 HCC),其次是分化不良(42.1%)和分化良好(12.3%)。在本次研究中,所有恶性肿瘤中 GPC-3 阳性表达的比例为 25.4%。在明确诊断和区分原发性和转移性肿瘤方面,GPC-3 比其他标记物更具诊断性和准确性。结论总之,在 114 个病例中,25.4% 的病例显示 GCP-3 呈阳性,其中 GCT 占 24.1%,HCC 占 85.7%,这与其他报告的研究结果非常相似。研究发现,肿瘤类型与 40 岁以上年龄组有显著相关性(P=0.000)。肿瘤类型与GCP-3表达有明显相关性(P=0.000)。关键词:恶性肿瘤恶性肿瘤 SCC HCC GCT GPC GPC-3 表达
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Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
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