Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023176381
Samiullah Khan, Gohar Ali Khan, N. Shah, Saeed Maqsood, Radhia Khan, Attaullah
Objective: To assess the Seasonal variations in Blood Pressure and increased incidence of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in cold months of the year Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at KGN hospital, during the time period of one year. The months of the year was divided as cold months (November-February) and all other months (March-October) of the year. Ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke were the two main categories used to categorize individuals with stroke based on non contrast brain CT scan along with clinical characteristics. Results: In cold months, the incidence of Intracerebral hemorrhage, 98 (65.3%) was significantly greater at p < 0.05 as compared to all other months of the year, 52 (34.7%). Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure of intracerebral hemorrhage patients was higher in cold months as compared to all other months of the year Conclusion: The good reason for increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure of intracerebral hemorrhage patients is the peripheral vasoconstriction of the vessels in cold weather. Keywords: Intracerebral hemorrhage, seasonal variations, Ischemic stroke, cholesterol, blood pressure.
{"title":"Seasonal Variations in Blood Pressure and Increased Incidence of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Cold Months of the Year","authors":"Samiullah Khan, Gohar Ali Khan, N. Shah, Saeed Maqsood, Radhia Khan, Attaullah","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023176381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023176381","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the Seasonal variations in Blood Pressure and increased incidence of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in cold months of the year Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at KGN hospital, during the time period of one year. The months of the year was divided as cold months (November-February) and all other months (March-October) of the year. Ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke were the two main categories used to categorize individuals with stroke based on non contrast brain CT scan along with clinical characteristics. Results: In cold months, the incidence of Intracerebral hemorrhage, 98 (65.3%) was significantly greater at p < 0.05 as compared to all other months of the year, 52 (34.7%). Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure of intracerebral hemorrhage patients was higher in cold months as compared to all other months of the year Conclusion: The good reason for increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure of intracerebral hemorrhage patients is the peripheral vasoconstriction of the vessels in cold weather. Keywords: Intracerebral hemorrhage, seasonal variations, Ischemic stroke, cholesterol, blood pressure.","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139366360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023176375
I. Anwar, Shireen Rafiq, Kiran Ahmad, Taqweem Ul Haq, Saeeda, Zobia Aslam
Introduction: A nosocomial infection is contracted within a period of 48 hours following admission to a hospital or within 48 hours after being discharged from the hospital. Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) are vulnerable to infections due to various factors, including their pre-existing medical conditions, medical procedures such as surgery, intubation, and catheterization, as well as their potential exposure to microorganisms from fellow patients. In addition to this, the presence of contaminated equipment represents a significant contributor to the occurrence of hospital-acquired infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms among patients in critical areas. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in coronary care and critical areas of Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi. A total of 415 samples were processed at the microbiology laboratory over a 4 month period from which 112 were swabs taken from equipment of the Medical, Surgical and Pediatric intensive care Units (MICU, SICU, and PICU) and the Coronary Care Unit. The remaining 303 samples were blood, urine, tracheal secretions/tips, pus and Foley tip cultures received in the microbiology laboratory from MICU, SICU, CCU and PICU. Samples were cultured on the appropriate media and observed after the required period. Results: High levels of contamination (58.03%) were identified on a wide range of healthcare equipment. The total of infected patients were 37.6%. Most common infection site was the respiratory tract. Acinetobacter spp. was the most predominant isolate among patients in MICU, SICU and CCU while Klebsiella spp. was the predominant isolate from the PICU. Conclusion: A significant degree of contamination is observed across a diverse array of healthcare equipment. Nevertheless, the prevalence of contaminated instruments and the subsequent potential for acquiring a healthcare-associated infection (HAI) can be significantly mitigated through the consistent implementation of cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization protocols for medical equipment. Keywords: hospital acquired infections, Contamination, equipment, pathogens.
{"title":"Contaminated Equipments: A Source of Hospital Acquired Infections among Patients at Critical Areas of Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi","authors":"I. Anwar, Shireen Rafiq, Kiran Ahmad, Taqweem Ul Haq, Saeeda, Zobia Aslam","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023176375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023176375","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A nosocomial infection is contracted within a period of 48 hours following admission to a hospital or within 48 hours after being discharged from the hospital. Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) are vulnerable to infections due to various factors, including their pre-existing medical conditions, medical procedures such as surgery, intubation, and catheterization, as well as their potential exposure to microorganisms from fellow patients. In addition to this, the presence of contaminated equipment represents a significant contributor to the occurrence of hospital-acquired infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms among patients in critical areas. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in coronary care and critical areas of Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi. A total of 415 samples were processed at the microbiology laboratory over a 4 month period from which 112 were swabs taken from equipment of the Medical, Surgical and Pediatric intensive care Units (MICU, SICU, and PICU) and the Coronary Care Unit. The remaining 303 samples were blood, urine, tracheal secretions/tips, pus and Foley tip cultures received in the microbiology laboratory from MICU, SICU, CCU and PICU. Samples were cultured on the appropriate media and observed after the required period. Results: High levels of contamination (58.03%) were identified on a wide range of healthcare equipment. The total of infected patients were 37.6%. Most common infection site was the respiratory tract. Acinetobacter spp. was the most predominant isolate among patients in MICU, SICU and CCU while Klebsiella spp. was the predominant isolate from the PICU. Conclusion: A significant degree of contamination is observed across a diverse array of healthcare equipment. Nevertheless, the prevalence of contaminated instruments and the subsequent potential for acquiring a healthcare-associated infection (HAI) can be significantly mitigated through the consistent implementation of cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization protocols for medical equipment. Keywords: hospital acquired infections, Contamination, equipment, pathogens.","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"217 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139366556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023176356
Allah Noor, Muhammad Mudassir, Saadat Ullah Khan, Shahibzada Fakhar Alam
Background: One of the most frequent ENT surgical procedures is the tonsillectomy. Comparing electrocautery to the conventional cold-steel dissection technique, it has been indicated that the latter will cause fewer post-tonsillectomy problems. However, there needs to be more randomized controlled studies to compare the two methods. Objectives: This Study's primary goal is to compare the post-tonsillectomy problems caused by the electrocautery technique versus the conventional cold-steel dissection approach. Methods: Between January 2022 and January 2023, this Study was carried out by the department of Ent hmc Peshawar. A prospective randomized controlled trial will include 125 participants in total. Patients will get a tonsillectomy and be randomly allocated to either the electrocautery technique or the conventional cold-steel dissection approach. Pain, bleeding, and infection related to post-tonsillectomy sequelae will be assessed and compared between the two groups. Results: The Study's findings will be utilized to compare the effectiveness and safety of the electrocautery approach versus the conventional cold-steel dissection method for tonsillectomy. Conclusion: This Study will provide otolaryngologists with evidence-based advice on a tonsillectomy procedure. Keywords: tonsillectomy, electrocautery, cold-steel, post-tonsillectomy complications, randomized controlled trial
{"title":"Evaluation of Post-Tonsillectomy Complications between the Traditional Cold-Steel Dissection and Electrocautery Methods. A Controlled Randomized Trial","authors":"Allah Noor, Muhammad Mudassir, Saadat Ullah Khan, Shahibzada Fakhar Alam","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023176356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023176356","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the most frequent ENT surgical procedures is the tonsillectomy. Comparing electrocautery to the conventional cold-steel dissection technique, it has been indicated that the latter will cause fewer post-tonsillectomy problems. However, there needs to be more randomized controlled studies to compare the two methods. Objectives: This Study's primary goal is to compare the post-tonsillectomy problems caused by the electrocautery technique versus the conventional cold-steel dissection approach. Methods: Between January 2022 and January 2023, this Study was carried out by the department of Ent hmc Peshawar. A prospective randomized controlled trial will include 125 participants in total. Patients will get a tonsillectomy and be randomly allocated to either the electrocautery technique or the conventional cold-steel dissection approach. Pain, bleeding, and infection related to post-tonsillectomy sequelae will be assessed and compared between the two groups. Results: The Study's findings will be utilized to compare the effectiveness and safety of the electrocautery approach versus the conventional cold-steel dissection method for tonsillectomy. Conclusion: This Study will provide otolaryngologists with evidence-based advice on a tonsillectomy procedure. Keywords: tonsillectomy, electrocautery, cold-steel, post-tonsillectomy complications, randomized controlled trial","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139366852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023175303
Tehreem A. Khan, M. Shabbir
Background: The facial fractures include Condylar fractures are most common in mandibular fractures, which have the highest fracture incidence after nasal bone fractures. Three different traumatic forces can result in condylar injury: the first is energy imparted to a static person by a moving object, such as a blow to the face from a cricket bat; the second is a moving person striking a static object, such as a child falling and striking the ground; and the third is a combination of the first two forces, such as when a person is moving and an automobile is moving and is hit by an automobile. This kind of force typically has the biggest impact and causes the most severe injury patterns. Objective: To compare frequency of Complications of two procedures for the treatment of mandibular condylar fracture surgical versus conservative treatment. Methodology: This Randomized control trial was held in the Tertiary Care Hospital Karachi for 6 months from 12 Jul, 2019 to 12 Jan, 2020. ERC were taken before data collection. Patients suffering from mandibular condylar fracture and fulfilling exclusion and inclusion criteria and who were ready to give informed consent after explaining study protocol, risk benefit ratio and data usage for research were included in our study. The first group labelled as "A" was treated by closed reduction and immobilization and second group labelled as group "B" was undergone internal fixation and open reduction. Results: The mean age and standard deviation of the 72 patients was determined to be 40.85 ± 12.93 years, respectively, with the 18 years was the minimum age and the 65 years being maximum. Frequency of gender was shown in Graph 1.The minimum duration of fracture was 1 day, and maximum were 7 days. The minimum mouth opening was 15mm and maximum was 35mm (Table 1). Trismus was present in 5/72 (6.9%) patients while it was absent in 67/72 (93.1%) patients (Table 2). Malocclusion was present in 20/72 (27.8%) patients while it was absent in 52/72 (72.2%) patients. Unilateral Side of fracture was present in 40/72 (55.6%) patients while Bilateral was present in 32/72 (44.4%) patients (Table 3) Conclusions: In conclusion, closed reduction had clinically satisfactory results, although open reduction and internal fixation produced more accurate to reduce the complications. Keywords: Closed reduction, Internal fixation, Open reduction,complications
{"title":"Complications in the Treatment of Mandibular Condylar Fracture, Surgical Versus Non-Surgical Treatment","authors":"Tehreem A. Khan, M. Shabbir","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023175303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175303","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The facial fractures include Condylar fractures are most common in mandibular fractures, which have the highest fracture incidence after nasal bone fractures. Three different traumatic forces can result in condylar injury: the first is energy imparted to a static person by a moving object, such as a blow to the face from a cricket bat; the second is a moving person striking a static object, such as a child falling and striking the ground; and the third is a combination of the first two forces, such as when a person is moving and an automobile is moving and is hit by an automobile. This kind of force typically has the biggest impact and causes the most severe injury patterns. Objective: To compare frequency of Complications of two procedures for the treatment of mandibular condylar fracture surgical versus conservative treatment. Methodology: This Randomized control trial was held in the Tertiary Care Hospital Karachi for 6 months from 12 Jul, 2019 to 12 Jan, 2020. ERC were taken before data collection. Patients suffering from mandibular condylar fracture and fulfilling exclusion and inclusion criteria and who were ready to give informed consent after explaining study protocol, risk benefit ratio and data usage for research were included in our study. The first group labelled as \"A\" was treated by closed reduction and immobilization and second group labelled as group \"B\" was undergone internal fixation and open reduction. Results: The mean age and standard deviation of the 72 patients was determined to be 40.85 ± 12.93 years, respectively, with the 18 years was the minimum age and the 65 years being maximum. Frequency of gender was shown in Graph 1.The minimum duration of fracture was 1 day, and maximum were 7 days. The minimum mouth opening was 15mm and maximum was 35mm (Table 1). Trismus was present in 5/72 (6.9%) patients while it was absent in 67/72 (93.1%) patients (Table 2). Malocclusion was present in 20/72 (27.8%) patients while it was absent in 52/72 (72.2%) patients. Unilateral Side of fracture was present in 40/72 (55.6%) patients while Bilateral was present in 32/72 (44.4%) patients (Table 3) Conclusions: In conclusion, closed reduction had clinically satisfactory results, although open reduction and internal fixation produced more accurate to reduce the complications. Keywords: Closed reduction, Internal fixation, Open reduction,complications","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"195 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79820382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023175311
A. Ameen, Muhammad Akram, S. Farooq, M. Fatima, Hassan Raza, R. Naz, Umer Aziz, Mariyam Aziz, S. Tahir, A. Hussain
Purpose: The gut microbiome, defined as the community of microorganisms residing in the digestive tract, is believed to play a crucial role in the development of neurological disorders, including schizophrenia. Design: Recent research indicates that individuals with schizophrenia have altered gut microbiomes, characterized by reduced levels of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, and increased levels of potentially harmful bacteria, such as Proteobacteria. Findings: Furthermore, studies show that the communication between the gut and the brain, known as the gut-brain axis, is disrupted in individuals with schizophrenia. While the exact mechanisms underlying the association between the gut microbiome and schizophrenia are not yet fully understood, researchers suggest that changes in the gut microbiome may affect the immune system and neurotransmitters, which in turn contribute to the development of the disorder Practical Implication: Targeting the gut microbiome through interventions like probiotics and the Mediterranean diet may offer a promising therapeutic approach for individuals with schizophrenia. Conclusion: However, more research is needed to fully comprehend the complex interplay between the gut microbiome and schizophrenia, including the specific mechanisms by which the gut microbiome contributes to the development of the disorder. Keywords: Gut Microbiome. Microbiota, Immune cells, Schizophrenia
{"title":"Gut Microbiome and its Role in the Development of Neurological Disorder (Schizophrenia)","authors":"A. Ameen, Muhammad Akram, S. Farooq, M. Fatima, Hassan Raza, R. Naz, Umer Aziz, Mariyam Aziz, S. Tahir, A. Hussain","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023175311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175311","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The gut microbiome, defined as the community of microorganisms residing in the digestive tract, is believed to play a crucial role in the development of neurological disorders, including schizophrenia. Design: Recent research indicates that individuals with schizophrenia have altered gut microbiomes, characterized by reduced levels of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, and increased levels of potentially harmful bacteria, such as Proteobacteria. Findings: Furthermore, studies show that the communication between the gut and the brain, known as the gut-brain axis, is disrupted in individuals with schizophrenia. While the exact mechanisms underlying the association between the gut microbiome and schizophrenia are not yet fully understood, researchers suggest that changes in the gut microbiome may affect the immune system and neurotransmitters, which in turn contribute to the development of the disorder Practical Implication: Targeting the gut microbiome through interventions like probiotics and the Mediterranean diet may offer a promising therapeutic approach for individuals with schizophrenia. Conclusion: However, more research is needed to fully comprehend the complex interplay between the gut microbiome and schizophrenia, including the specific mechanisms by which the gut microbiome contributes to the development of the disorder. Keywords: Gut Microbiome. Microbiota, Immune cells, Schizophrenia","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75805878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023175300
R. Ullah, K. Raja, Y. Zaidi, Asma Abdul Razzak, Usama Butt, Kainat Kanwal
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the histological findings of H-pylori in diabetic patients. Material and methods: This observation study was conducted on 90 diabetic patients with H-pylori infection at Gastroenterology Department, Nishtar Medical University, Multan in the duration from November, 2022 to April, 2023. Endoscopic and histological findings were determined. Chi Square test was applied with P value less than 0.05. Results: The mean age was 53.73±8.66 years with majority male patients. On histological findings chronic gastritis was seen in 74.4%, gastric atrophy 18.9% and intestinal metaplasia 6.7%. Conclusion: The histological findings of H-pylori in diabetic patients were chronic gastritis 74.4%, gastric atrophy 18.9% and intestinal metaplasia 6.7%. Keywords: H-pylori, Diabetes, Histological findings, Endoscopy
{"title":"Histological Findings Of Helicobacter Pylori In Diabetic Patients","authors":"R. Ullah, K. Raja, Y. Zaidi, Asma Abdul Razzak, Usama Butt, Kainat Kanwal","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023175300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175300","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the histological findings of H-pylori in diabetic patients. Material and methods: This observation study was conducted on 90 diabetic patients with H-pylori infection at Gastroenterology Department, Nishtar Medical University, Multan in the duration from November, 2022 to April, 2023. Endoscopic and histological findings were determined. Chi Square test was applied with P value less than 0.05. Results: The mean age was 53.73±8.66 years with majority male patients. On histological findings chronic gastritis was seen in 74.4%, gastric atrophy 18.9% and intestinal metaplasia 6.7%. Conclusion: The histological findings of H-pylori in diabetic patients were chronic gastritis 74.4%, gastric atrophy 18.9% and intestinal metaplasia 6.7%. Keywords: H-pylori, Diabetes, Histological findings, Endoscopy","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74152830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023175320
N. Sultan, N. Khan, A. Aziz, Mian Shabbir Ahmed
Objective: Objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of standard and mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy in treating staghorn stones Methodology: From July 2017 to June 2019, In Institute Of Kidney Diseases (PGMI) Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar a tertiary care hospital we conducted a randomized controlled trial to determine the stone-free rate for patients with staghorn stones (Total duration of the study was 2 years). The trial included 150 patients separated into two groups: one that received standard- and mini-PCNL surgeries. Each patient was randomly assigned to undergo one of the two procedures, with 50% receiving standard PCNL and the other 50% mini-PCNL. Durations of surgical procedures, length of hospital stay, complications, and pain levels were all measured during the study. Result: 150 patients with a mean age of 51.2 years (range, 18-85 years) were included in this research. 88% of the participants were men and 16% were women. Success rates for standard PCNL and mini-PCNL were 97.3% and 90.7%, respectively (p=0.04). Additionally, compared to the standard-PCNL group (105.3 minutes and 3.3 days, respectively), the mini-PCNL group had a considerably reduced mean operation time (80.2 minutes) and a shorter mean hospital stay (2.2 days) (p 0.001). Standard PCNL also had a higher overall complication rate than mini-PCNL (26% vs. 13%, p = 0.038). In addition, the mini-PCNL group had considerably less postoperative discomfort (p 0.001). Conclusion: When controlling staghorn stones, Mini-PCNL has shown to be a reliable and safe solution that offers a number of benefits over conventional Standard-PCNL. Mini-PCNL clearly outperforms standard PCNL in terms of lowering postoperative pain, hospital stays, and operating room time. As a result, Mini-PCNL is gradually becoming into the preferred operational strategy for effectively controlling staghorn stones. Keywords: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy, staghorn stones, stone-free rate, surgical time, hospital stay, complications, postoperative discomfort.
{"title":"Standard Vs Mini-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for Staghorn Stones","authors":"N. Sultan, N. Khan, A. Aziz, Mian Shabbir Ahmed","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023175320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175320","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of standard and mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy in treating staghorn stones Methodology: From July 2017 to June 2019, In Institute Of Kidney Diseases (PGMI) Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar a tertiary care hospital we conducted a randomized controlled trial to determine the stone-free rate for patients with staghorn stones (Total duration of the study was 2 years). The trial included 150 patients separated into two groups: one that received standard- and mini-PCNL surgeries. Each patient was randomly assigned to undergo one of the two procedures, with 50% receiving standard PCNL and the other 50% mini-PCNL. Durations of surgical procedures, length of hospital stay, complications, and pain levels were all measured during the study. Result: 150 patients with a mean age of 51.2 years (range, 18-85 years) were included in this research. 88% of the participants were men and 16% were women. Success rates for standard PCNL and mini-PCNL were 97.3% and 90.7%, respectively (p=0.04). Additionally, compared to the standard-PCNL group (105.3 minutes and 3.3 days, respectively), the mini-PCNL group had a considerably reduced mean operation time (80.2 minutes) and a shorter mean hospital stay (2.2 days) (p 0.001). Standard PCNL also had a higher overall complication rate than mini-PCNL (26% vs. 13%, p = 0.038). In addition, the mini-PCNL group had considerably less postoperative discomfort (p 0.001). Conclusion: When controlling staghorn stones, Mini-PCNL has shown to be a reliable and safe solution that offers a number of benefits over conventional Standard-PCNL. Mini-PCNL clearly outperforms standard PCNL in terms of lowering postoperative pain, hospital stays, and operating room time. As a result, Mini-PCNL is gradually becoming into the preferred operational strategy for effectively controlling staghorn stones. Keywords: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy, staghorn stones, stone-free rate, surgical time, hospital stay, complications, postoperative discomfort.","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85917402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023175297
Fauzia Batool, M. Ali, T. Aslam, Razia Kousar, Ayesha Talib, H. Aslam
Roster management is seen to be an essential component of Health care settings. Rostering for hospital staff in general and nurses in particular is challenging because of variety of issues and demands in many shifts and days. Job satisfaction of nurses is an indicator of the services provided in a specific healthcare facility. Roster management and job satisfaction are very much dependent on each other although roster management is a complex task. Objectives: The study objective was to identify the impact of nurse roster management on nurses’ job satisfaction in a Tertiary Care Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at The University of Lahore teaching Hospital, Lahore Pakistan. A non-probability convenient sampling technique was used with a sample size of 133 nurses working in the hospital were included. In this study, Mines Job Satisfaction Scale (MJSS) was used for nurses’ job satisfaction level and implementation of nurse roster management questionnaire was used for data collection. The following methods were used to analyze the data: double linear regression, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation, and independent t test. Results: The findings showed that there was a significant association between the nurse roster management with all management functions on nurses job satisfaction level (p=.0002-.012). The two functions of management which affect the nurse job satisfaction level was organizing and controlling. Conclusions: Researchers determined that the roster management of nurses statistically correlated with the job satisfaction level of nurses. Nursing supervisors should have the competence to improve the job satisfaction level of nurses by optimizing the roster management especially on organizing and controlling aspect. Keywords: Nurses; Roaster management; Job Satisfaction; Health Care Settings; Nursing Supervisors; Turnover; Absenteeism
{"title":"Impact of Nurse Roster Management on Nurses’ Job Satisfaction in a Tertiary Care Hospital Lahore, Pakistan","authors":"Fauzia Batool, M. Ali, T. Aslam, Razia Kousar, Ayesha Talib, H. Aslam","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023175297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175297","url":null,"abstract":"Roster management is seen to be an essential component of Health care settings. Rostering for hospital staff in general and nurses in particular is challenging because of variety of issues and demands in many shifts and days. Job satisfaction of nurses is an indicator of the services provided in a specific healthcare facility. Roster management and job satisfaction are very much dependent on each other although roster management is a complex task. Objectives: The study objective was to identify the impact of nurse roster management on nurses’ job satisfaction in a Tertiary Care Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at The University of Lahore teaching Hospital, Lahore Pakistan. A non-probability convenient sampling technique was used with a sample size of 133 nurses working in the hospital were included. In this study, Mines Job Satisfaction Scale (MJSS) was used for nurses’ job satisfaction level and implementation of nurse roster management questionnaire was used for data collection. The following methods were used to analyze the data: double linear regression, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation, and independent t test. Results: The findings showed that there was a significant association between the nurse roster management with all management functions on nurses job satisfaction level (p=.0002-.012). The two functions of management which affect the nurse job satisfaction level was organizing and controlling. Conclusions: Researchers determined that the roster management of nurses statistically correlated with the job satisfaction level of nurses. Nursing supervisors should have the competence to improve the job satisfaction level of nurses by optimizing the roster management especially on organizing and controlling aspect. Keywords: Nurses; Roaster management; Job Satisfaction; Health Care Settings; Nursing Supervisors; Turnover; Absenteeism","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80952496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023175317
S. Fahad, M. Haq, M. Shahid, S. Munib, Fazli Wahad
Objectives: The main objective of this study is to investigate the risk factors associated with kidney stones in the Department of Nephrology, Saidu Teaching Hospital, Swat, from Jan 2021 to Jan 2022. Specific objectives of this study are to: 1. Identify and examine the demographic, medical and lifestyle factors of patients with and without kidney stones. 2. Analyze the risk factors for the different types of kidney stones. 3. Determine the relative risk of each risk factor for kidney stone formation. 4. Make suggestions for prevention and management strategies of kidney stone development. Methods: This study was a retrospective case-control study in the Department of Nephrology, Saidu Teaching Hospital, Swat, from Jan 2021 to Jan 2022. Patient records from this period were reviewed and demographic, medical, and lifestyle factors of patients with and without kidney stones were compared. Risk factors for stone formation were determined using univariate and multivariate analyses. Statistical analysis was conducted using the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and logistic regression. Results: A total of 193 patients of various ages had been admitted to the nephrology department from Jan 2021 to Jan 2022; 10 of these had a kidney stone. Of the kidney stone patients, six (60%) were male and four (40%) were female. The mean age of those with kidney stones was 43.6 years. Of the risk factors analyzed, male sex, family history of stone disease, diabetes, hypertension, and certain lifestyle factors such as drinking soft drinks and eating a diet high in animal proteins were significantly associated with stone formation. Conclusion: This study identified a number of risk factors associated with the formation of kidney stones in the nephrology department of Saidu Teaching Hospital between Jan 2021 to Jan 2022. Male sex, family history of stone disease, diabetes, hypertension, and certain lifestyle factors such as drinking soft drinks and consuming a diet high in animal proteins were found to be significantly associated with stone formation. Further research is needed to gain a better understanding of these risk factors and develop prevention and treatment strategies for kidney stone formation. Keywords: Kidney Stones, Risk Factors, Department of Nephrology, Saidu Teaching Hospital
{"title":"Investigating Risk Factors for Kidney Stones in Department of Nephrology Saidu Teaching Hospital Swat","authors":"S. Fahad, M. Haq, M. Shahid, S. Munib, Fazli Wahad","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023175317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175317","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The main objective of this study is to investigate the risk factors associated with kidney stones in the Department of Nephrology, Saidu Teaching Hospital, Swat, from Jan 2021 to Jan 2022. Specific objectives of this study are to: 1. Identify and examine the demographic, medical and lifestyle factors of patients with and without kidney stones. 2. Analyze the risk factors for the different types of kidney stones. 3. Determine the relative risk of each risk factor for kidney stone formation. 4. Make suggestions for prevention and management strategies of kidney stone development. Methods: This study was a retrospective case-control study in the Department of Nephrology, Saidu Teaching Hospital, Swat, from Jan 2021 to Jan 2022. Patient records from this period were reviewed and demographic, medical, and lifestyle factors of patients with and without kidney stones were compared. Risk factors for stone formation were determined using univariate and multivariate analyses. Statistical analysis was conducted using the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and logistic regression. Results: A total of 193 patients of various ages had been admitted to the nephrology department from Jan 2021 to Jan 2022; 10 of these had a kidney stone. Of the kidney stone patients, six (60%) were male and four (40%) were female. The mean age of those with kidney stones was 43.6 years. Of the risk factors analyzed, male sex, family history of stone disease, diabetes, hypertension, and certain lifestyle factors such as drinking soft drinks and eating a diet high in animal proteins were significantly associated with stone formation. Conclusion: This study identified a number of risk factors associated with the formation of kidney stones in the nephrology department of Saidu Teaching Hospital between Jan 2021 to Jan 2022. Male sex, family history of stone disease, diabetes, hypertension, and certain lifestyle factors such as drinking soft drinks and consuming a diet high in animal proteins were found to be significantly associated with stone formation. Further research is needed to gain a better understanding of these risk factors and develop prevention and treatment strategies for kidney stone formation. Keywords: Kidney Stones, Risk Factors, Department of Nephrology, Saidu Teaching Hospital","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84176677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023175308
Rahmattualh Khan, M. Haq, M. Shahid, S. Munib, F. Wahab
Background: This study investigates the relationship between Diabetes and renal disease. It will review the epidemiological patterns of diabetes-related kidney disease and how various treatment choices, lifestyle changes, and expanding preventative measures might lower the risk of kidney disease in diabetics. Additionally, it will go through the symptoms and effects of kidney disease on those with Diabetes and the likelihood of effective treatment and preservation of kidney function. We'll also discuss how this study may affect patients, healthcare professionals, and decision-makers. Methodology: From January 2022 to January 2023, this research was carried out in the nephrology department of the Miangul Abdul Haq Jahanzeb renal hospital in Swat. The study identified pertinent themes on how Diabetes leads to the development of kidney disease by using several sources, including medical papers, news articles, and web resources. The Cochrane Library and PubMed, and other pertinent research sources were examined. Additionally, qualitative interviews with healthcare experts were done, including endocrinologists, nephrologists, and other medical specialists with knowledge of Diabetes and kidney disease. Results: According to the findings, Diabetes considerably raises the risk of renal disease. Glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, and hypertension-related kidney disease accounted for most kidney conditions associated with Diabetes. Options for treatment exist to lower risk factors, control kidney disease complications, and enhance general health and well-being in people with Diabetes. The most significant lifestyle changes that people with Diabetes may do to lower their risk of kidney disease include weight reduction, regular exercise, a healthy diet, quitting smoking, and consuming less salt and alcohol. A further key role in lowering the risk of kidney disease and its development is the increased accessibility of preventative methods, such as good pre-diabetes and diabetes screening, optimal diabetes treatment, and vaccination against influenza and pneumococcal illness. Conclusion: Diabetes has a significant role in the development of renal disease. The increased accessibility of preventive screening, proper diabetes management, and immunization against infectious diseases play an important role in lowering the overall risk of developing kidney disease in people with Diabetes, even though treatment options and lifestyle changes exist to reduce risk factors for the disease's progression. Keywords: Epidemiology, risk factors, therapy, lifestyle changes, preventive, healthcare providers, pre-diabetes screening, diabetes management, vaccination, renal disease
背景:本研究探讨糖尿病与肾脏疾病的关系。它将回顾糖尿病相关肾脏疾病的流行病学模式，以及各种治疗选择、生活方式改变和扩大预防措施如何降低糖尿病患者肾脏疾病的风险。此外，它还将介绍糖尿病患者肾脏疾病的症状和影响，以及有效治疗和保留肾功能的可能性。我们还将讨论这项研究如何影响患者、医疗保健专业人员和决策者。方法:从2022年1月至2023年1月，本研究在斯瓦特的Miangul Abdul Haq Jahanzeb肾脏医院的肾脏病科进行。该研究通过使用多种资源，包括医学论文、新闻文章和网络资源，确定了糖尿病如何导致肾脏疾病发展的相关主题。Cochrane图书馆和PubMed，以及其他相关的研究来源进行了检查。此外，对医疗保健专家进行了定性访谈，包括内分泌学家、肾病学家和其他具有糖尿病和肾脏疾病知识的医学专家。结果:根据研究结果，糖尿病大大增加了肾脏疾病的风险。肾小球肾炎、糖尿病肾病和高血压相关的肾脏疾病占糖尿病相关肾脏疾病的大多数。现有的治疗方案可以降低危险因素，控制肾脏疾病并发症，提高糖尿病患者的总体健康和福祉。糖尿病患者要降低患肾病的风险，最重要的生活方式改变包括减肥、定期锻炼、健康饮食、戒烟、少吃盐和酒。降低肾脏疾病及其发展风险的另一个关键作用是增加预防方法的可及性，例如良好的糖尿病前期和糖尿病筛查、最佳糖尿病治疗以及预防流感和肺炎球菌疾病的疫苗接种。结论:糖尿病在肾脏疾病的发生发展中起着重要作用。尽管现有的治疗选择和生活方式的改变可以减少疾病进展的危险因素，但预防性筛查、适当的糖尿病管理和传染病免疫的增加在降低糖尿病患者发生肾脏疾病的总体风险方面发挥着重要作用。关键词:流行病学，危险因素，治疗，生活方式改变，预防，医疗保健提供者，糖尿病前期筛查，糖尿病管理，疫苗接种，肾脏疾病
{"title":"Understand How Diabetes Contributes to the Development of Kidney Disease: A Single Center Study","authors":"Rahmattualh Khan, M. Haq, M. Shahid, S. Munib, F. Wahab","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023175308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175308","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study investigates the relationship between Diabetes and renal disease. It will review the epidemiological patterns of diabetes-related kidney disease and how various treatment choices, lifestyle changes, and expanding preventative measures might lower the risk of kidney disease in diabetics. Additionally, it will go through the symptoms and effects of kidney disease on those with Diabetes and the likelihood of effective treatment and preservation of kidney function. We'll also discuss how this study may affect patients, healthcare professionals, and decision-makers. Methodology: From January 2022 to January 2023, this research was carried out in the nephrology department of the Miangul Abdul Haq Jahanzeb renal hospital in Swat. The study identified pertinent themes on how Diabetes leads to the development of kidney disease by using several sources, including medical papers, news articles, and web resources. The Cochrane Library and PubMed, and other pertinent research sources were examined. Additionally, qualitative interviews with healthcare experts were done, including endocrinologists, nephrologists, and other medical specialists with knowledge of Diabetes and kidney disease. Results: According to the findings, Diabetes considerably raises the risk of renal disease. Glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, and hypertension-related kidney disease accounted for most kidney conditions associated with Diabetes. Options for treatment exist to lower risk factors, control kidney disease complications, and enhance general health and well-being in people with Diabetes. The most significant lifestyle changes that people with Diabetes may do to lower their risk of kidney disease include weight reduction, regular exercise, a healthy diet, quitting smoking, and consuming less salt and alcohol. A further key role in lowering the risk of kidney disease and its development is the increased accessibility of preventative methods, such as good pre-diabetes and diabetes screening, optimal diabetes treatment, and vaccination against influenza and pneumococcal illness. Conclusion: Diabetes has a significant role in the development of renal disease. The increased accessibility of preventive screening, proper diabetes management, and immunization against infectious diseases play an important role in lowering the overall risk of developing kidney disease in people with Diabetes, even though treatment options and lifestyle changes exist to reduce risk factors for the disease's progression. Keywords: Epidemiology, risk factors, therapy, lifestyle changes, preventive, healthcare providers, pre-diabetes screening, diabetes management, vaccination, renal disease","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89569787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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