Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023175306
A. Aziz, A. Nawaz, N. Sultan
Introduction: Up to 15% of children under the age of 15 may have paediatric urolithiasis, which is linked with severe morbidity and high recurrence rates. This condition is still a serious urological concern. In 86% to 96.1% of kids with kidney stone disorders, metabolic abnormalities are one of the most frequent causes of urolithiasis. Hypercalciuria, hyperoxaluria, hyperuricosurea, and hypocitraturea are the most prevalent metabolic disorders. In order to treat and prevent renal stones in children with renal stone disorders, it is crucial to identify several metabolic abnormalities. Materials and Methods: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study at the IKD, HMC, Urology Department. This research covered paediatric patients with urolithiasis under the age of 15 years. All patients with urolithiasis had a 24-hour urine assay for metabolic abnormalities on their first visit. Results: 119 individuals, or 72.12%, of the total 165 patients, exhibited metabolic disorders. Out of 119 patients, hypercalciurea affected 56 patients (47.05%), hypocitraturea affected 31 patients (26.05%), hyperoxalurea affected 18 patients (15.12%), and hyperuricosurea affected 14 patients (11.65%). 41 patients, or 34.45% of the 119 total patients, were female youngsters, making up 78 patients (65.54%). The most frequent findings were hypocitraturea and hypercalciuria. Conclusion: Urolithiasis in children is often brought on by metabolic disorders, which are curable and avoidable. In order to detect, treat, and prevent urolithiasis recurrence as well as morbidities brought on by urolithiasis in paediatric patients, it is advised that all paediatric patients presenting with urolithiasis for the first time undergo extensive investigation. Keywords: Metabolic Abnormalities, Recurrent Renal Stones, Urolithiasis
{"title":"Frequency of Different Metoboloic Abnormalities in Paediatric Age Group with Renal Stone Diseases","authors":"A. Aziz, A. Nawaz, N. Sultan","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023175306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175306","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Up to 15% of children under the age of 15 may have paediatric urolithiasis, which is linked with severe morbidity and high recurrence rates. This condition is still a serious urological concern. In 86% to 96.1% of kids with kidney stone disorders, metabolic abnormalities are one of the most frequent causes of urolithiasis. Hypercalciuria, hyperoxaluria, hyperuricosurea, and hypocitraturea are the most prevalent metabolic disorders. In order to treat and prevent renal stones in children with renal stone disorders, it is crucial to identify several metabolic abnormalities. Materials and Methods: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study at the IKD, HMC, Urology Department. This research covered paediatric patients with urolithiasis under the age of 15 years. All patients with urolithiasis had a 24-hour urine assay for metabolic abnormalities on their first visit. Results: 119 individuals, or 72.12%, of the total 165 patients, exhibited metabolic disorders. Out of 119 patients, hypercalciurea affected 56 patients (47.05%), hypocitraturea affected 31 patients (26.05%), hyperoxalurea affected 18 patients (15.12%), and hyperuricosurea affected 14 patients (11.65%). 41 patients, or 34.45% of the 119 total patients, were female youngsters, making up 78 patients (65.54%). The most frequent findings were hypocitraturea and hypercalciuria. Conclusion: Urolithiasis in children is often brought on by metabolic disorders, which are curable and avoidable. In order to detect, treat, and prevent urolithiasis recurrence as well as morbidities brought on by urolithiasis in paediatric patients, it is advised that all paediatric patients presenting with urolithiasis for the first time undergo extensive investigation. Keywords: Metabolic Abnormalities, Recurrent Renal Stones, Urolithiasis","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90100015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023175294
Z. Anwar, Saad Abdur Rehman Afaque, Muhammad Imran Bhatti, M. Dogar, Maria Mahmood, A. Anwar
Objectives: CSOM is significantly associated with SNHL but with mixed demographical associations being reported in literature.To determine the demographical variations (age and gender) of SNHL among CSOM patients Study design and setting: Cross-sectional observational study at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology: Using non-probability convenient sampling, diagnosed CSOM patients within six months between 10-50 years and of either gender were included while patients with history of SNHL previously of using ototoxic drugs, ear trauma or refusing to consent were excluded. SPSS v23.0 was used for analysis of data and chi-square was applied keeping p-value <0.05 as statistically significant. Results: From total 200 patients,60 (30%) patients were between 10-18 years, 120 (60%) between 19-35 years and 35-50 years were 20 (10%) patients. 145 (72.5%) were females while 55 (27.5%) males. SNHL was observed in 36 (18%) of patients. Between 10-18 years age group, 10 (16.7%) patients were reported with SNHL, between 19-35 years age group 22 (18.3%) while between 35-50 years, 4 (20%) of patients were found to have SNHL with an insignificant p-value of 0.934. 28 (19.3%) males were reported to have SNHL while 8 (14.5%) females were observed to have SNHL with CSOM. An insignificant p-value of p-0.434 was reported between the genders. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, SNHL was insignificantly associated with CSOM according to demographics (age and gender). Further studies are required to validate the findings of this study. Keywords: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media, Sensori Neural Hearing Loss, Otitis Media
{"title":"Demographical Variations of Sensory Neural Hearing Loss (SNHL) in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) patients at JPMC Karachi","authors":"Z. Anwar, Saad Abdur Rehman Afaque, Muhammad Imran Bhatti, M. Dogar, Maria Mahmood, A. Anwar","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023175294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175294","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: CSOM is significantly associated with SNHL but with mixed demographical associations being reported in literature.To determine the demographical variations (age and gender) of SNHL among CSOM patients Study design and setting: Cross-sectional observational study at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology: Using non-probability convenient sampling, diagnosed CSOM patients within six months between 10-50 years and of either gender were included while patients with history of SNHL previously of using ototoxic drugs, ear trauma or refusing to consent were excluded. SPSS v23.0 was used for analysis of data and chi-square was applied keeping p-value <0.05 as statistically significant. Results: From total 200 patients,60 (30%) patients were between 10-18 years, 120 (60%) between 19-35 years and 35-50 years were 20 (10%) patients. 145 (72.5%) were females while 55 (27.5%) males. SNHL was observed in 36 (18%) of patients. Between 10-18 years age group, 10 (16.7%) patients were reported with SNHL, between 19-35 years age group 22 (18.3%) while between 35-50 years, 4 (20%) of patients were found to have SNHL with an insignificant p-value of 0.934. 28 (19.3%) males were reported to have SNHL while 8 (14.5%) females were observed to have SNHL with CSOM. An insignificant p-value of p-0.434 was reported between the genders. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, SNHL was insignificantly associated with CSOM according to demographics (age and gender). Further studies are required to validate the findings of this study. Keywords: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media, Sensori Neural Hearing Loss, Otitis Media","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80811668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023175248
Cheragh Hussain, Muhammad Hussain Afridi, Akbar Shah, Shaista Kawanl, Nizamuddin .
Background: From January 2019 to January 2020, the Department of Cardiology at Hayatabad Medical Complex conducted an analysis of 100 patients to discover the likelihood of a poorer outcome for women who have a myocardial infarction (MI) prior to reaching the age of 50. Calculations show that the prevalence of MI in the female population below the age of 50 amounts to 5.7%. Among patients aged 50 and under, females had a 27% higher rate of complications or death due to MI, such as arrhythmias, persistent angina, shock, and need for revascularization, when compared to males, who had only a 7% rate. The study suggests that women who suffer from myocardial infarction before age 50 have a more unfavorable outcome than their male counterparts who experience a similar event at the same age. The study likewise proposed additional prospective research to verify and reinforce its findings. Objectives: In patients under 50 years old, the effects of a heart attack were studied, with a focus on women. Male patients in this age range were also evaluated to compare outcomes. The goal of the research was to examine the results of myocardial infarction (MI) between genders. Methods: From January 2019 to January 2020, the Department of Cardiology at Hayatabad Medical Complex in Peshawar conducted a 100-patient study, retrospectively. The primary outcome focused on the need for revascularization, persistent angina, arrhythmias, and shock, with medical charts being the source of patient data. By analyzing female patients below the age of 50, we calculated the prevalence of myocardial infarction while comparing the rate of death or any other associated complications between male and female patients of the same age range. Results: Among females under the age of 50, a 5.7% prevalence of MI exists. While males only experience a 7% rate of death or complications due to MI, younger females encounter a significantly higher rate of 27%. Conclusion: Before the age of 50, women with a myocardial infarction had a worse outcome compared to men facing a similar event. The study prompted the suggestion for more prospective studies to authenticate the results. Keyboards: Myocardial Infarction, Prevalence, Outcome, Causes, Women, Age 50.
{"title":"Outcome Worse for Women who Experience Myocardial Infarction Before Age 50 Years","authors":"Cheragh Hussain, Muhammad Hussain Afridi, Akbar Shah, Shaista Kawanl, Nizamuddin .","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023175248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175248","url":null,"abstract":"Background: From January 2019 to January 2020, the Department of Cardiology at Hayatabad Medical Complex conducted an analysis of 100 patients to discover the likelihood of a poorer outcome for women who have a myocardial infarction (MI) prior to reaching the age of 50. Calculations show that the prevalence of MI in the female population below the age of 50 amounts to 5.7%. Among patients aged 50 and under, females had a 27% higher rate of complications or death due to MI, such as arrhythmias, persistent angina, shock, and need for revascularization, when compared to males, who had only a 7% rate. The study suggests that women who suffer from myocardial infarction before age 50 have a more unfavorable outcome than their male counterparts who experience a similar event at the same age. The study likewise proposed additional prospective research to verify and reinforce its findings. Objectives: In patients under 50 years old, the effects of a heart attack were studied, with a focus on women. Male patients in this age range were also evaluated to compare outcomes. The goal of the research was to examine the results of myocardial infarction (MI) between genders. Methods: From January 2019 to January 2020, the Department of Cardiology at Hayatabad Medical Complex in Peshawar conducted a 100-patient study, retrospectively. The primary outcome focused on the need for revascularization, persistent angina, arrhythmias, and shock, with medical charts being the source of patient data. By analyzing female patients below the age of 50, we calculated the prevalence of myocardial infarction while comparing the rate of death or any other associated complications between male and female patients of the same age range. Results: Among females under the age of 50, a 5.7% prevalence of MI exists. While males only experience a 7% rate of death or complications due to MI, younger females encounter a significantly higher rate of 27%. Conclusion: Before the age of 50, women with a myocardial infarction had a worse outcome compared to men facing a similar event. The study prompted the suggestion for more prospective studies to authenticate the results. Keyboards: Myocardial Infarction, Prevalence, Outcome, Causes, Women, Age 50.","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74553326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023175271
M. Saad, Haseebullah Yousuf, Talha Ahmed, Mirwais Khan, Adnan Nabi
Background: The use of hypotensive anesthesia is one of several techniques that have been used to lessen the intraoperative loss of blood and improve visibility in the operative field. A procedure that requires a clear area and little intraoperative bleeding, which can affect the surgeons' abilities, is Neurosurgery. Objective: The current study aimed to assess how both anesthetics affected tissue perfusion, blood loss, operating field visibility, and extubation time. Settings and Design: A prospective quasi-experiment was used in the design of this clinical trial Practical Implication: The practical implication for choosing between propofol infusion and the isoflurane/nitroglycerine combination for controlled hypotensive anesthesia in neurosurgery includes considering several factors. Firstly, the patient's individual characteristics and medical history should be taken into account to determine the most suitable anesthesia approach. Secondly, the surgical procedure and the desired level of hypotension required should be evaluated. Thirdly, the availability and expertise of the anesthesia team in managing either method should be considered. Finally, potential side effects and complications associated with each technique should be weighed. Ultimately, a well-informed decision must be made based on these considerations to ensure the safety and efficacy of controlled hypotensive anesthesia in neurosurgery. Patients and Methods: Sixty individuals with ASA I or II were separated into two groups; Group P received both induction and maintenance doses of propofol, while Group I received isoflurane for maintenance with nitroglycerine. Blood loss, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and the degree of surgical field clarity were all monitored every ten minutes. Results: As opposed to the isoflurane group, the propofol group substantial reduction in blood loss (p=0.01), improved clarity of the surgical field (p=0.002), and reduced time to extubation (p=0.001). Conclusion: Even with the addition of the hypertension medication nitroglycerine to isoflurane, propofol for craniotomy improved surgical conditions and gave a quicker recovery than isoflurane. Keywords: Nitroglycerin, Isoflurane, Propofol, Hypotensive Anesthesia, and Neurosurgery
{"title":"Propofol Infusion Versus Isoflurane/Nitroglycerine Combination for Controlled Hypotensive Anesthesia in Neurosurgery","authors":"M. Saad, Haseebullah Yousuf, Talha Ahmed, Mirwais Khan, Adnan Nabi","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023175271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175271","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The use of hypotensive anesthesia is one of several techniques that have been used to lessen the intraoperative loss of blood and improve visibility in the operative field. A procedure that requires a clear area and little intraoperative bleeding, which can affect the surgeons' abilities, is Neurosurgery. Objective: The current study aimed to assess how both anesthetics affected tissue perfusion, blood loss, operating field visibility, and extubation time. Settings and Design: A prospective quasi-experiment was used in the design of this clinical trial Practical Implication: The practical implication for choosing between propofol infusion and the isoflurane/nitroglycerine combination for controlled hypotensive anesthesia in neurosurgery includes considering several factors. Firstly, the patient's individual characteristics and medical history should be taken into account to determine the most suitable anesthesia approach. Secondly, the surgical procedure and the desired level of hypotension required should be evaluated. Thirdly, the availability and expertise of the anesthesia team in managing either method should be considered. Finally, potential side effects and complications associated with each technique should be weighed. Ultimately, a well-informed decision must be made based on these considerations to ensure the safety and efficacy of controlled hypotensive anesthesia in neurosurgery. Patients and Methods: Sixty individuals with ASA I or II were separated into two groups; Group P received both induction and maintenance doses of propofol, while Group I received isoflurane for maintenance with nitroglycerine. Blood loss, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and the degree of surgical field clarity were all monitored every ten minutes. Results: As opposed to the isoflurane group, the propofol group substantial reduction in blood loss (p=0.01), improved clarity of the surgical field (p=0.002), and reduced time to extubation (p=0.001). Conclusion: Even with the addition of the hypertension medication nitroglycerine to isoflurane, propofol for craniotomy improved surgical conditions and gave a quicker recovery than isoflurane. Keywords: Nitroglycerin, Isoflurane, Propofol, Hypotensive Anesthesia, and Neurosurgery","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84539606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023175267
Shaheen Nazakat, Muhammad Sajid
Background: The aim of present cross-sectional survey is to investigate healthcare workers' knowledge, attitude, and behaviour regarding pharmacovigilance at tertiary care hospital, Faisalabad. Methods: The present cross-sectional survey was conducted in tertiary care hospital, Faisalabad. The study populations of Eighty (80) male and female health care workers were included in this study. Demographic data and information about workers' knowledge, attitude, and behaviour regarding pharmacovigilance was collected on an interview schedule administered through custom designed structured Performa. The data regarding healthcare workers' knowledge, attitude, and behavior concerning pharmacovigilance at a tertiary care hospital were analyzed using SPSS. Results: The findings of study depicted a positive relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and practices among healthcare workers. Pharmacovigilance is a critical component of drug safety and plays a crucial role in identifying and managing adverse drug reactions and other drug-related problems. Conclusion: Adequate knowledge, skills, and attitudes towards pharmacovigilance among healthcare workers are essential to ensure the safety of medications and promote better patient outcomes. Study can provide valuable insights into the current state of pharmacovigilance in the region and identify areas for improvement. The also enhancing education and training programs for healthcare workers in pharmacovigilance, fostering a reporting culture for adverse drug reactions and adverse events, and establishing robust pharmacovigilance systems and processes are crucial elements for safeguarding medication safety and efficacy, as well as enhancing patient care. Keywords: Healthcare Workers, Pharmacovigilance, Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, Cross-Sectional Survey, Tertiary Care Hospital, Faisalabad
{"title":"Revealing Insights: Investigating Pharmacovigilance Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices at a Leading Tertiary Care Hospital in Faisalabad","authors":"Shaheen Nazakat, Muhammad Sajid","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023175267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175267","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of present cross-sectional survey is to investigate healthcare workers' knowledge, attitude, and behaviour regarding pharmacovigilance at tertiary care hospital, Faisalabad. Methods: The present cross-sectional survey was conducted in tertiary care hospital, Faisalabad. The study populations of Eighty (80) male and female health care workers were included in this study. Demographic data and information about workers' knowledge, attitude, and behaviour regarding pharmacovigilance was collected on an interview schedule administered through custom designed structured Performa. The data regarding healthcare workers' knowledge, attitude, and behavior concerning pharmacovigilance at a tertiary care hospital were analyzed using SPSS. Results: The findings of study depicted a positive relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and practices among healthcare workers. Pharmacovigilance is a critical component of drug safety and plays a crucial role in identifying and managing adverse drug reactions and other drug-related problems. Conclusion: Adequate knowledge, skills, and attitudes towards pharmacovigilance among healthcare workers are essential to ensure the safety of medications and promote better patient outcomes. Study can provide valuable insights into the current state of pharmacovigilance in the region and identify areas for improvement. The also enhancing education and training programs for healthcare workers in pharmacovigilance, fostering a reporting culture for adverse drug reactions and adverse events, and establishing robust pharmacovigilance systems and processes are crucial elements for safeguarding medication safety and efficacy, as well as enhancing patient care. Keywords: Healthcare Workers, Pharmacovigilance, Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, Cross-Sectional Survey, Tertiary Care Hospital, Faisalabad","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82350744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023175250
Imran Ullah, Naeem Jan, Sadia Anjum, F. Islam, Ayesha Gulalai Marwat, Itizaz Hayat
Background: In this trial, patients treated at the Department of Gastroenterology, Hayatabad Medical Complex in Peshawar, would have their gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) managed with proton pump inhibitor (PPI) medication. The treatment of omeprazole (40 mg once daily) or famotidine (40 mg O.D. daily) for 12 months was randomly allocated to 100 patients with GERD. The primary outcome measure was the mean change in oesophageal acid exposure time from baseline to twelve months. The frequency of GERD-related symptoms and general health-related quality of life over time were considered secondary objectives. Endoscopic results were also documented at the beginning and after a year. The study's adverse occurrences were kept under observation. The findings demonstrated that from baseline to twelve months, the mean oesophageal acid exposure duration significantly decreased in both PPI groups (mean S.E., 18.9 1.7 minutes for omeprazole group against 16.4 2.1 minutes for famotidine group, p0.001). Additionally, the treatment groups substantially outperformed the control groups at twelve months compared to baseline regarding the mean Frequency of GERD-related symptoms and overall health-related quality of life (p 0.001). There were no documented severe adverse events. GERD may be effectively and safely treated with PPI medication, and there are no clinically significant differences between omeprazole and famotidine.
{"title":"Effect of Proton Pump Inhibitors on the Management of GERD in the Department of Gastroenterology HMC Peshawar","authors":"Imran Ullah, Naeem Jan, Sadia Anjum, F. Islam, Ayesha Gulalai Marwat, Itizaz Hayat","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023175250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175250","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In this trial, patients treated at the Department of Gastroenterology, Hayatabad Medical Complex in Peshawar, would have their gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) managed with proton pump inhibitor (PPI) medication. The treatment of omeprazole (40 mg once daily) or famotidine (40 mg O.D. daily) for 12 months was randomly allocated to 100 patients with GERD. The primary outcome measure was the mean change in oesophageal acid exposure time from baseline to twelve months. The frequency of GERD-related symptoms and general health-related quality of life over time were considered secondary objectives. Endoscopic results were also documented at the beginning and after a year. The study's adverse occurrences were kept under observation. The findings demonstrated that from baseline to twelve months, the mean oesophageal acid exposure duration significantly decreased in both PPI groups (mean S.E., 18.9 1.7 minutes for omeprazole group against 16.4 2.1 minutes for famotidine group, p0.001). Additionally, the treatment groups substantially outperformed the control groups at twelve months compared to baseline regarding the mean Frequency of GERD-related symptoms and overall health-related quality of life (p 0.001). There were no documented severe adverse events. GERD may be effectively and safely treated with PPI medication, and there are no clinically significant differences between omeprazole and famotidine.","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79073917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023175259
Muhammad Hussain Afridi, T. Ghaffar, Akbar Shah, Shaista Kawanl, Nizamuddin .
From January of 2017 to January of 2018, 1,683 individuals seeking Endocrinology Department services at the Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC) in Peshawar, Pakistan were evaluated, and 350 of them were diagnosed with thyroid disease in addition to diabetes. Through analyzing the data, it was discovered that those suffering from both ailments had heightened thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, body mass index (BMI), and age. This data unmistakably shows that there is a favorable correlation between the two conditions. Reducing morbidity and mortality in individuals with both diabetes and thyroid disease may be achievable through timely diagnosis and appropriate care, as the data indicates. Furthermore, in the field of healthcare, the findings of this investigation have the potential to guide future research and policy decisions for HMCs and comparable healthcare environments, regarding the issue of diabetes and thyroid disease. Objectives: Endocrinology Department in HMC Peshawar's patients from Jan 2017 to Jan 2018 have their correlation between thyroid disease and diabetes extensively studied by this research's aim. Methods: From January 2017 to January 2018, all patients who were 18 years or older and underwent evaluation at the Department of Endocrinology in HMC, Peshawar were included in this retrospective descriptive study. Most of the patients who had thyroid disease and diabetes were female, comprising 71.7% of the sample, with an average age of 52.7 11.6 years. The mean BMI was 28.3 6.2 kg/m2. The mean TSH level of patients with thyroid disease and diabetes was found to be 5.8-2.5 mIU/L. Demographic and clinical data were collected through careful review of patient medical records. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level, treatment outcome, age, sex, BMI, and history of diabetes/thyroid disease were all noted in the gathered data. Results: In the department of endocrinology at HMC, 1683 patients were assessed during the study period, and among them, 350 were found to have thyroid disease and diabetes. As for gender division, most patients with both conditions were female (71.7%). Their average age was 52.7 11.6 years, and they had a mean BMI of 28.3 6.2 kg/m2. The TSH level in these patients averaged 5.8–2.5 mIU/L. On the whole, 97.1% of patients responded well to treatment, managing to either achieve remission or gain partial relief. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that there is a positive correlation between diabetes and thyroid disease. The study also revealed that BMI, age, and TSH levels were significantly higher among those with diabetes and thyroid disease. These findings highlight the importance of early detection and effective management of both conditions to reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes and thyroid disease. The results of this study can also be used to inform future research and healthcare policies to address the issue of diabetes and thyroid disease in HMC and other healthcare settin
{"title":"The Relationship between Thyroid Disease and Diabetes a Retrospective Descriptive Study","authors":"Muhammad Hussain Afridi, T. Ghaffar, Akbar Shah, Shaista Kawanl, Nizamuddin .","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023175259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175259","url":null,"abstract":"From January of 2017 to January of 2018, 1,683 individuals seeking Endocrinology Department services at the Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC) in Peshawar, Pakistan were evaluated, and 350 of them were diagnosed with thyroid disease in addition to diabetes. Through analyzing the data, it was discovered that those suffering from both ailments had heightened thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, body mass index (BMI), and age. This data unmistakably shows that there is a favorable correlation between the two conditions. Reducing morbidity and mortality in individuals with both diabetes and thyroid disease may be achievable through timely diagnosis and appropriate care, as the data indicates. Furthermore, in the field of healthcare, the findings of this investigation have the potential to guide future research and policy decisions for HMCs and comparable healthcare environments, regarding the issue of diabetes and thyroid disease. Objectives: Endocrinology Department in HMC Peshawar's patients from Jan 2017 to Jan 2018 have their correlation between thyroid disease and diabetes extensively studied by this research's aim. Methods: From January 2017 to January 2018, all patients who were 18 years or older and underwent evaluation at the Department of Endocrinology in HMC, Peshawar were included in this retrospective descriptive study. Most of the patients who had thyroid disease and diabetes were female, comprising 71.7% of the sample, with an average age of 52.7 11.6 years. The mean BMI was 28.3 6.2 kg/m2. The mean TSH level of patients with thyroid disease and diabetes was found to be 5.8-2.5 mIU/L. Demographic and clinical data were collected through careful review of patient medical records. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level, treatment outcome, age, sex, BMI, and history of diabetes/thyroid disease were all noted in the gathered data. Results: In the department of endocrinology at HMC, 1683 patients were assessed during the study period, and among them, 350 were found to have thyroid disease and diabetes. As for gender division, most patients with both conditions were female (71.7%). Their average age was 52.7 11.6 years, and they had a mean BMI of 28.3 6.2 kg/m2. The TSH level in these patients averaged 5.8–2.5 mIU/L. On the whole, 97.1% of patients responded well to treatment, managing to either achieve remission or gain partial relief. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that there is a positive correlation between diabetes and thyroid disease. The study also revealed that BMI, age, and TSH levels were significantly higher among those with diabetes and thyroid disease. These findings highlight the importance of early detection and effective management of both conditions to reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes and thyroid disease. The results of this study can also be used to inform future research and healthcare policies to address the issue of diabetes and thyroid disease in HMC and other healthcare settin","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76334287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023175242
N. Memon, Naseem Sidrah, Kiran Memon, Aneela Faisal Memon, Kiran Aamir, Aamir Ramzan, F. Shaikh
Objective: Aim was to determine the frequency of hepatitis B and C with different age groups. Study Design: Retrospective study Place and Duration: Medicine ward Liaquat university of Medical and health sciences jamshoro Hyderabad. Jan2022 to December 2022 Methods: Total 129 patients of both genders screened for hepatitis. Detailed demographic information, such as age, socioeconomic position, and place of residence, was recorded for enrolled cases after informed written consent was obtained. Antibody testing for hepatitis B virus (antiHBs) and hepatitis C virus (antiHCV) is conducted in a medical facility. Frequency of hepatitis with respect to age groups were identified. SPSS 24.0 was used to analyze all data. Results: In 129 patients, 74 (57.4%) were males and 55 (42.6%) cases were females. 87 (67.4%) patients had poor socio-economic status and 42 (32.6%) patients had high status. 79 (61.2%) patients were from urban residency. Among all, 70 (54.3%) patients were positive for HBV and 59 (45.7%) cases were positive for HCV. In 70 cases of HBV, 22 cases were aged between 3-15 years, 25 cases were aged between 16-30 years, 17 cases had age 31-45 years and 6 cases had age >45 years. IN 59 cases of HCV, 15 cases had age 3-15 years, 27 cases had age 15-30 year,13 cases had age 31-45 years and 4 cases had age >45 years. Conclusion: We concluded in this study hepatitis B was more prevalent among all cases as compare to HCV. Patients of age 15-45 years were diagnosed with higher number of viral hepatitis. It is crucial that community efforts to raise awareness of HBV and HCV and the value of vaccination continue unabated. Keywords: Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B, Gender, Age Group
目的:了解不同年龄组乙型和丙型肝炎的发病情况。研究设计:回顾性研究地点和时间:Hyderabad jamshoro Medical and health sciences大学Liaquat医学病房。方法:对129例男女患者进行肝炎筛查。在获得知情书面同意后，记录入组病例的详细人口统计信息，如年龄、社会经济地位和居住地。在医疗设施中进行乙型肝炎病毒(antiHBs)和丙型肝炎病毒(antiHCV)的抗体检测。确定了各年龄组肝炎的发病率。采用SPSS 24.0软件对所有数据进行分析。结果:129例患者中，男性74例(57.4%)，女性55例(42.6%)。社会经济地位差的87例(67.4%)，社会经济地位高的42例(32.6%)。城镇居民79例(61.2%)。其中HBV阳性70例(54.3%)，HCV阳性59例(45.7%)。70例HBV患者，年龄3 ~ 15岁22例，年龄16 ~ 30岁25例，年龄31 ~ 45岁17例，年龄bb0 ~ 45岁6例。59例HCV患者中，年龄3 ~ 15岁15例，年龄15 ~ 30岁27例，年龄31 ~ 45岁13例，年龄0 ~ 45岁4例。结论:我们在这项研究中得出结论，与丙型肝炎相比，乙型肝炎在所有病例中更为普遍。15-45岁的患者中病毒性肝炎的发病率较高。至关重要的是，社区继续努力提高对乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒的认识以及疫苗接种的价值。关键词:丙型肝炎，乙型肝炎，性别，年龄组
{"title":"Association of Viral Hepatitis with Different age Group","authors":"N. Memon, Naseem Sidrah, Kiran Memon, Aneela Faisal Memon, Kiran Aamir, Aamir Ramzan, F. Shaikh","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023175242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175242","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Aim was to determine the frequency of hepatitis B and C with different age groups. Study Design: Retrospective study Place and Duration: Medicine ward Liaquat university of Medical and health sciences jamshoro Hyderabad. Jan2022 to December 2022 Methods: Total 129 patients of both genders screened for hepatitis. Detailed demographic information, such as age, socioeconomic position, and place of residence, was recorded for enrolled cases after informed written consent was obtained. Antibody testing for hepatitis B virus (antiHBs) and hepatitis C virus (antiHCV) is conducted in a medical facility. Frequency of hepatitis with respect to age groups were identified. SPSS 24.0 was used to analyze all data. Results: In 129 patients, 74 (57.4%) were males and 55 (42.6%) cases were females. 87 (67.4%) patients had poor socio-economic status and 42 (32.6%) patients had high status. 79 (61.2%) patients were from urban residency. Among all, 70 (54.3%) patients were positive for HBV and 59 (45.7%) cases were positive for HCV. In 70 cases of HBV, 22 cases were aged between 3-15 years, 25 cases were aged between 16-30 years, 17 cases had age 31-45 years and 6 cases had age >45 years. IN 59 cases of HCV, 15 cases had age 3-15 years, 27 cases had age 15-30 year,13 cases had age 31-45 years and 4 cases had age >45 years. Conclusion: We concluded in this study hepatitis B was more prevalent among all cases as compare to HCV. Patients of age 15-45 years were diagnosed with higher number of viral hepatitis. It is crucial that community efforts to raise awareness of HBV and HCV and the value of vaccination continue unabated. Keywords: Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B, Gender, Age Group","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79584524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023175284
Yousuf Ansari, Muhammad Salman Khan, Sufyan Ahmed, Misbah Shafique, Syed Sajid Ali Shah, Muhammad Haris Zia
Dental implants have a 97% long-term survival rate; there is no reliable model for predicting implant longevity. Even though it has become more apparent over time and through numerous studies that a variety of patient and professional factors may contribute to peri-implantitis, with compelling theories such as improper three-dimensional (3D) implant placement, poor prosthesis design that interferes with proper oral hygiene practices, and an excess of luting cement, there is no universally accepted diagnostic standard, so prevalence rates are still up for debate. Objectives: This study aims to recognize diabetes for implant loss & peri-implant diseases. It is also intended to measure the prevalence of peri-implant disease 5 years following implant implantation. The study aims to ascertain if implant issues may alter patients' perceptions of their implants by integrating a patient questionnaire. Methodology: After obtaining the approval of the study from the institution, diabetic patients who had oral implants at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery between 2015 and 2020 were added to a list of patients. Following were the criteria for inclusion: Diabetic patients who were older than 18 at the time of consent and comparable radiographs are taken following the first remodeling. There were no prerequisites for the exclusion Results: A total of 165 records were checked to make sure the original radiographs were verified, the implant insertion date, and patient’s contact information. 41 patients met the requirements for inclusion. 36 of the 41 patients who had been contacted and scheduled for a follow-up check showed up (20 male and 16 female, age 34 to 63 yrs; mean – SD age: 47.6 – 10.6 yrs). At baseline, 105 implants were placed in the 36 patients. Conclusion: Because the two disease entities share similar host characteristics or microbiota, diabetes and periodontitis may serve as risk factors for peri-implantitis. Keywords: Dental Implant, Peri-implantitis, Diabetes Mellitus
{"title":"Risk of Peri Implantitis in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Yousuf Ansari, Muhammad Salman Khan, Sufyan Ahmed, Misbah Shafique, Syed Sajid Ali Shah, Muhammad Haris Zia","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023175284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175284","url":null,"abstract":"Dental implants have a 97% long-term survival rate; there is no reliable model for predicting implant longevity. Even though it has become more apparent over time and through numerous studies that a variety of patient and professional factors may contribute to peri-implantitis, with compelling theories such as improper three-dimensional (3D) implant placement, poor prosthesis design that interferes with proper oral hygiene practices, and an excess of luting cement, there is no universally accepted diagnostic standard, so prevalence rates are still up for debate. Objectives: This study aims to recognize diabetes for implant loss & peri-implant diseases. It is also intended to measure the prevalence of peri-implant disease 5 years following implant implantation. The study aims to ascertain if implant issues may alter patients' perceptions of their implants by integrating a patient questionnaire. Methodology: After obtaining the approval of the study from the institution, diabetic patients who had oral implants at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery between 2015 and 2020 were added to a list of patients. Following were the criteria for inclusion: Diabetic patients who were older than 18 at the time of consent and comparable radiographs are taken following the first remodeling. There were no prerequisites for the exclusion Results: A total of 165 records were checked to make sure the original radiographs were verified, the implant insertion date, and patient’s contact information. 41 patients met the requirements for inclusion. 36 of the 41 patients who had been contacted and scheduled for a follow-up check showed up (20 male and 16 female, age 34 to 63 yrs; mean – SD age: 47.6 – 10.6 yrs). At baseline, 105 implants were placed in the 36 patients. Conclusion: Because the two disease entities share similar host characteristics or microbiota, diabetes and periodontitis may serve as risk factors for peri-implantitis. Keywords: Dental Implant, Peri-implantitis, Diabetes Mellitus","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84830316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2023175274
Fahad Ali, Maria Anum, F. Khan, Nighat Ali Shahi, Muhammad Asad, Saqib Qamar
Background: Prenatal mortality is very high in Pakistan. One of the most reasons is low birth weight and preterm babies. Hence, estimating the baby's weight is paramount in antennal care. Birth weight refers to the body weight of a newborn. Multiple elements, like genetics epigenetics, nutritional and environmental factors can influence fetal weight. Ultrasonography is an important non-invasive tool for fetal weight estimation in normal and high-risk pregnancies. The role of ultrasound as a safe and non-invasive measurement for fetal growth and weight in pregnancy is well established. Objective: To determine the relationship between Sonographic fetal weight estimation in the prenatal period and definite birth weight in pregnant women in a multidisciplinary hospital set up Study design: A comparative study Place and Duration: Study was conducted in Department of Radiology, Chiniot General Hospital Korangi Karachi from January 2022 to June 2022 for six months duration. Methodology: The sample size is 50. Expecting mothers were taken in this study. These women were booked and they underwent an ultrasound examination of fetal weight in a prenatal period which was then correlated to actual fetal weight after birth by a pediatrician. Fetal weight was estimated and noted. It was measured by using. Hadlock's formula: log (10) birth weight = 1.335-0.0034(abdominal circumference) (femur length) + 0.0316 (Biparietal diameter) +0.0457(abdominal circumference) +0.1623(femur length). Results: Most of our patients were between 20-30 year age brackets. There was a strong linear relationship between ultrasound fetal weight and real birth weight. The mean age of females was 26.12±5.65 years, and the mean BMI of patients was 26.17±4.19kg/m2. A strong positive correlation (r=0.575, p<0.05) was found between the fetal weight estimation on USG and actual birth weight. Conclusion: This study shows that ultrasound can be a valuable method of assessing fetal weight in pregnant women. Hence ultrasound can be used for informed decision-making for birthing decisions in expecting mothers. Keywords: Correlation, Ultrasonography, Birth Weight, Fetal
{"title":"Evaluating Ultrasonography Fetal Weight in Comparison to Actual Birth Weight in Term Pregnant Women at Tertiary Care Center Hospital","authors":"Fahad Ali, Maria Anum, F. Khan, Nighat Ali Shahi, Muhammad Asad, Saqib Qamar","doi":"10.53350/pjmhs2023175274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175274","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Prenatal mortality is very high in Pakistan. One of the most reasons is low birth weight and preterm babies. Hence, estimating the baby's weight is paramount in antennal care. Birth weight refers to the body weight of a newborn. Multiple elements, like genetics epigenetics, nutritional and environmental factors can influence fetal weight. Ultrasonography is an important non-invasive tool for fetal weight estimation in normal and high-risk pregnancies. The role of ultrasound as a safe and non-invasive measurement for fetal growth and weight in pregnancy is well established. Objective: To determine the relationship between Sonographic fetal weight estimation in the prenatal period and definite birth weight in pregnant women in a multidisciplinary hospital set up Study design: A comparative study Place and Duration: Study was conducted in Department of Radiology, Chiniot General Hospital Korangi Karachi from January 2022 to June 2022 for six months duration. Methodology: The sample size is 50. Expecting mothers were taken in this study. These women were booked and they underwent an ultrasound examination of fetal weight in a prenatal period which was then correlated to actual fetal weight after birth by a pediatrician. Fetal weight was estimated and noted. It was measured by using. Hadlock's formula: log (10) birth weight = 1.335-0.0034(abdominal circumference) (femur length) + 0.0316 (Biparietal diameter) +0.0457(abdominal circumference) +0.1623(femur length). Results: Most of our patients were between 20-30 year age brackets. There was a strong linear relationship between ultrasound fetal weight and real birth weight. The mean age of females was 26.12±5.65 years, and the mean BMI of patients was 26.17±4.19kg/m2. A strong positive correlation (r=0.575, p<0.05) was found between the fetal weight estimation on USG and actual birth weight. Conclusion: This study shows that ultrasound can be a valuable method of assessing fetal weight in pregnant women. Hence ultrasound can be used for informed decision-making for birthing decisions in expecting mothers. Keywords: Correlation, Ultrasonography, Birth Weight, Fetal","PeriodicalId":19842,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90863034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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