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PRODUCTION AND STUDY OF BIO GAZOLINES 生物柴油的生产与研究
Pub Date : 2022-05-26 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30062022/7820
Natela Khetsuriani, Madlena Chkhaidze, Georgi AbramiShvili, Jumbler Iosebidze
Combustible ethanol was obtained from agricultural waste. Test samplesE0 (petrolgazoline) and E5, E10 and E20 (epanpl/gazoline blend) were prepared and their physical, chemical and technical characteristics were studied. The effect of bioethanol on the ecological compatibility of the automobile engine has been studied. The objects of research were Regular, Premium and Super of Petrol gasoline Samples, as well as a of 10%, 20% and 30%. bioethanol/gazoline blends. The study of the ecological properties of the test additive was carried out at the stand of automobile engines SAK-670 (Germany), on which the engine of a BMW-316 car with coupling sleeve and a transmission assembly is installed. The stand is equipped with brakes and torque sensors, as well as with crankshaft speed and fuel consumption measuring instruments. The test mixtures during an idle running of engine cause a decrease in the CO content in the exhaust gases by 10-16%, and this taking into account their low cost, indicate the prospect of expanding the use of fuel ethanol.
从农业废弃物中制备可燃乙醇。制备了e0(石油gazoline)和E5、E10、E20 (epanpl/gazoline共混物)的试验样品,并对其物理、化学和工艺特性进行了研究。研究了生物乙醇对汽车发动机生态相容性的影响。研究的对象是普通、优质和超级汽油样品,以及10%、20%和30%的汽油样品。生物乙醇/ gazoline混合。在德国萨克-670汽车发动机台架上对试验添加剂的生态性能进行了研究,该发动机以安装联轴器套筒和传动总成的BMW-316轿车发动机为研究对象。该支架配备了刹车和扭矩传感器,以及曲轴速度和燃油消耗测量仪器。在发动机怠速运行期间,试验混合物使废气中的CO含量降低了10-16%,考虑到它们的低成本,这表明燃料乙醇的使用前景广阔。
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引用次数: 0
OSTEOCALCIN ROLE IN THE REGULATION OF INSULIN SECRETION AND OSTEOTROPIC EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT CLASSES OF ANTI-DIABETIC DRUGS (LITERATURE REVIEW AND OWN RESEARCH) 骨钙素在胰岛素分泌调节中的作用及不同类型降糖药的成骨作用(文献复习及自身研究)
Pub Date : 2022-05-08 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30042022/7803
Kovalchuk A. V., Zinich O. V., Prybyla O. V., Kushnareva N. M., Kovalchuk V. M., Shyshkan-Shyshova K. O.
Background. Current data suggest that bone tissue produces hormonally active factors - modulators of metabolic processes throughout the body. The most significant osteoproteins is osteocalcin, the non-collagen structural protein of the bone matrix, which is synthesized by osteoblasts and enters the bloodstream during the resorption of bone tissue. Osteocalcin is involved in the regulation of energy balance, insulin secretion, peripheric insulin sensitivity, and adipocyte’s function, while being an important marker of bone remodeling. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between osteocalcin levels and metabolic parameters in 97 patients with type 2 diabetes over 50 years of age, in the course of pharmacotherapy using different classes of antidiabetic drugs, namely human insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists (aGLP), and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, depending on presence of obesity. Results. There was found the highest serum osteocalcin level in patients without obese who received a metabolically active therapy with insulin or aGLP-1, comparing to nonobese subjects of SGLT2 inhibitors therapy group. The lowest level of HbA1c and triglycerides observed in non-obese patients on the background of taking aGLP-1. Conclusion. It can be assumed that the factor determining the hypoglycemic efficacy of investigated drugs may be the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes which depends on the degree of obesity, while the type of antidiabetic therapy has a corrective effect, probably mediated by changes in body weight and fat distribution.
背景。目前的数据表明,骨组织产生激素活性因子-整个身体代谢过程的调节剂。最重要的骨蛋白是骨钙素,它是骨基质的非胶原结构蛋白,由成骨细胞合成,在骨组织吸收过程中进入血液。骨钙素参与调节能量平衡、胰岛素分泌、外周胰岛素敏感性和脂肪细胞功能,是骨重塑的重要标志物。本研究的目的是研究97例50岁以上的2型糖尿病患者在药物治疗过程中骨钙素水平与代谢参数之间的关系,根据肥胖的存在,使用不同类别的降糖药,即人胰岛素、胰高血糖素样肽-1激动剂(aGLP)和钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2 (SGLT2)抑制剂。结果。与SGLT2抑制剂治疗组的非肥胖患者相比,接受胰岛素或aGLP-1代谢活性治疗的非肥胖患者血清骨钙素水平最高。在服用aGLP-1的非肥胖患者中观察到最低水平的HbA1c和甘油三酯。结论。可以假设,决定所研究药物降糖效果的因素可能是2型糖尿病的发病机制,这取决于肥胖程度,而降糖治疗的类型有矫正作用,可能是通过体重和脂肪分布的改变介导的。
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引用次数: 0
CRANIOTOMY WITH A HERMETIC CLOSURE OF THE CRANIAL CAVITY 封闭颅腔的开颅术
Pub Date : 2022-04-15 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30042022/7805
Napoleon Meskhia
Surgical intervention on the contents of the cranial cavity is universally carried out by applying several burr holes, which remain uncovered and serve as a site for the development of a number of postoperative complications. The lack of hemeticity of the skull in some cases require repeated intervention. The purpose of the proposal is to create a trepanation method that excludes the formation of burr holes and promotes hermetic closure of the cranial cavity, excluding the possibility of postoperative complications.The goal is achieved by sawing out conical holes in the skull with the simultaneous formation of small bone flaps in the form of a truncated cone. A large bone fragment of a derivative form is cut out with the proposed tool or in the usual way with a Gigli or Olivecrona saw. In the absence of contraindications, a large bone flap is placed in place, and small bone fragments are combined with the place of their sawing, thereby restoring the integrity of the skull, which is closed at the end of the intervention.The hermetic craniotomy method eliminates the possibility of developing postoperative complications inherent in craniotomy methods, carried out by applying burr holes.The method of craniotomy, which provides for hermetic closure of the cranial cavity, among other things, returns the brain to its natural state, protected from all kinds of external influences, including postoperative complications
对颅腔内容物的手术干预通常是通过应用几个钻孔来进行的,这些钻孔仍然未被覆盖,并成为许多术后并发症发生的场所。在某些情况下,颅骨缺乏弹性需要反复干预。本提案的目的是创造一种钻孔方法,该方法可以排除钻孔的形成,促进颅腔的密封闭合,排除术后并发症的可能性。目的是通过在颅骨上锯出锥形孔,同时形成截锥形的小骨瓣来实现。一个大的衍生形式的骨碎片被切断与建议的工具或在吉利或奥利维罗纳锯通常的方式。在没有禁忌症的情况下,放置一个大骨瓣,将小骨碎片与其锯切的地方结合起来,从而恢复颅骨的完整性,在干预结束时关闭颅骨。封闭开颅方法消除了开颅方法固有的术后并发症的可能性,通过钻孔进行。开颅术的方法提供了封闭的颅腔,除其他外,使大脑恢复到自然状态,免受各种外部影响,包括术后并发症
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引用次数: 0
MALABSORPTION AND LACTOSE INTOLERANCE: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PATHOGENESIS 乳糖吸收不良与乳糖不耐症:病理生理、诊断及治疗的发病机制
Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30042022/7804
Olena Sharikadze
The problem of lactose metabolism remains relevant from the standpoint of various areas of medical research. Clinicians, anthropologists, physiologists and geneticists are engaged in the study of lactose digestion devices and various types of disorders associated with it, including lactose intolerance.Determination of such mechanisms allows us to understand not only the nutritional causes of the development of functional intestinal symptoms, but also the evolution of man and nutrition, culture and lifestyle. Symptoms of lactose intolerance are abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea, bloating, and diarrhea after drinking milk or dairy products. These symptoms may be caused by malabsorption of lactose, which is the result of low levels of lactase in the small intestine. Symptoms also occur after consumption of lactose or lactose products, with no apparent effect on the human microbiota and overall health. Therefore, of particular concern are the strict dairy-free diets commonly prescribed for patients with such complaints.This article discusses modern recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of lactose malabsorption and lactose intolerance, which largely comply with European recommendations.
从医学研究的各个领域的角度来看,乳糖代谢问题仍然是相关的。临床医生、人类学家、生理学家和遗传学家都在研究乳糖消化装置以及与之相关的各种疾病,包括乳糖不耐症。确定这些机制不仅可以使我们了解功能性肠道症状发展的营养原因,还可以了解人类与营养、文化和生活方式的演变。乳糖不耐症的症状是喝牛奶或奶制品后腹痛、胀气、恶心、腹胀和腹泻。这些症状可能是由乳糖吸收不良引起的,这是小肠中乳糖酶水平低的结果。食用乳糖或乳糖制品后也会出现症状,但对人体微生物群和整体健康没有明显影响。因此,特别值得关注的是严格的无乳制品饮食通常规定的病人有这样的抱怨。本文讨论了诊断和治疗乳糖吸收不良和乳糖不耐症的现代建议,这在很大程度上符合欧洲的建议。
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引用次数: 0
THE RESEARCH OUTCOME OF INFLUENCE ON THE FUEL FILTER CONTAMINATION FOR THE BASIC ENGINE PERFORMANCE 燃油滤清器污染对发动机基本性能影响的研究成果
Pub Date : 2022-02-24 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/28022022/7769
Erdenesaikhan Oyunsurtal, Ulziibaatar Tserendorj
We performed an experiment to determine the resistance impact on the engine performance resulted from the engine fuel system. Therefore we designed a tool for creating artificial resistance in the fuel pipe for determining resistance contamination in the fuel system. The artificial resistance between high pressure pump pipe and engine fuel filter was created in the field and laboratory then the diagnostic program EEM3 was used in the experiment. We tested the resistance by the pipe and decreased the pipe diameter of the fuel flow resistance from 8.5mm to 2.3 mm with 18 versions. As a result of the test, the basic indicators of the engine were changed when pipe diameter reached 6.5mm from 8.2 mm. The certain change on cyclic fuel supply occurred when the fuel flow increased and pipe diameter dropped. Moreover, the basic indicators of fuel consumption, torque and engine power were changed. It influences to the basic indicators due to the fuel filter contamination and regression of permeability proficiency then the engine will lose out the fuel.
我们进行了一个实验,以确定发动机燃油系统对发动机性能的阻力影响。因此,我们设计了一种在燃油管道中产生人工阻力的工具,以确定燃油系统中的阻力污染。在现场和实验室制造了高压泵管与发动机燃油滤清器之间的人工阻力,并应用诊断程序EEM3进行了实验。我们通过管道测试阻力,将燃油流动阻力的管径从8.5mm减小到2.3 mm,共18个版本。试验结果表明,当管径由8.2 mm增加到6.5mm时,发动机的基本指标发生了变化。随着燃油流量的增大和管径的减小,循环供油量有一定的变化。油耗、扭矩、发动机功率等基本指标发生变化。由于燃油滤清器的污染和渗透能力的退化,影响了发动机的基本指标,导致发动机漏油。
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引用次数: 0
SEARCH FOR AN EXTREMUM USING THE STEEPEST DESCENT METHOD UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL ERRORS 在实验误差条件下,用最陡下降法求极值
Pub Date : 2022-02-24 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/28022022/7785
Nona Otkhozoria, Vano Otkhozoria, Shorena Khorava
One of the spread first level methods of optimum search is learned by the steepest descent method in conditions when there are mistakes in the experiment. The steepest descent method is investigated and is successfully applied in situations, when, there are no mistakes of experiment. However, in real situations the used means of measurement always have determined errors owing to what the appropriate meanings of the response receives with mistakes. The model of the steepest descent algorithm in created, when the length of the step does not depend on the meaning of the purpose functioning. Stepping process realization algorithm and program provision in MathCAD, computer mathematic, system is designed. The realization outcome mistakes for different meaning are presented, the step movement of the optimum dot direction is shown according to function meaning and argument meaning as well. The amount needed for the tactics necessary to approach the minimum is established, the quake amplitude in the surrounding of different level experiment mistakes at the optimum search efficiency in different step conditions.
在实验中存在错误的情况下,采用最陡下降法学习最优搜索的一种扩展一级方法。对最陡下降法进行了研究,并成功地应用于实验中没有错误的情况。然而,在实际情况中,所使用的测量手段总是有确定的误差,这是由于响应的适当含义接收到错误。当步长不依赖于目的函数的含义时,建立了最陡下降算法的模型。设计了步进过程在计算机数学MathCAD中的实现算法和程序编制。给出了不同意义下的实现结果错误,并根据函数意义和参数意义给出了最优点方向的步进运动。建立了所需策略量逼近所需策略量的最小值,在不同水平的地震振幅周围实验误差在不同阶跃条件下的最优搜索效率。
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引用次数: 0
RECURRENT VULVOVAGINAL CANDIDIASIS: CURRENT ISSUES (A REVIEW) 复发性外阴阴道念珠菌病:当前问题(综述)
Pub Date : 2022-02-23 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/28022022/7780
Nataliia Ratushniak, Aurika Sukhanova
Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) is a widespread problem for today. Symptoms of the disease significantly reduce women life quality. It is common reason for medical help. Clinical sings of vaginal candidiasis are nonspecific. The most common method of diagnosis - microscopy of vaginal discharge, does not always provide enough information. Among the causative agents of candidiasis, Candida albicans and Candida nonalbicans have different prevalence in different regions of the world.Resistance to antifungal drugs is increasing due to it widespread applying.Risk factors for RVVK are: antibiotic therapy, immunodeficiency conditions, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, contraceptives, corticosteroids, hormonal disorders of women, allergic diseases. Recent studies indicate the multifactorial cause of candidiasis, especially the imbalanced composition of the vaginal microflora and genetic predisposition. Resistance to antifungal drugs is increasing, especially to Fluconazole, that is most often applied in clinical practice.The role of immunoregulatory mechanisms is reflected in the reduced activity of immunity in the vagina. Changes in Tol-like receptor (TLR) genes have been reported in women with RVVC. Also, interlexins can lead to a prolonged inflammatory process in the vagina. Currently, polymorphism of the mannose-binding lectin gene in women with RVVK relevant topic for research. That changes may be a reasone of recurrence.Determination of mannose-binding lectin for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes is promising research area. There is increasing scientific interest in the study of this pathology. In publication described diagnosis of RVVK, the species composition of the pathogen, risk factors, impact of hormones and genetic predisposition.
复发性外阴阴道念珠菌病(RVVC)是当今一个普遍存在的问题。该病的症状大大降低了妇女的生活质量。这是寻求医疗帮助的常见原因。阴道念珠菌病的临床表现是非特异性的。最常见的诊断方法——阴道分泌物显微镜检查,并不总是能提供足够的信息。在念珠菌病的病原中,白色念珠菌和非白色念珠菌在世界不同地区的流行程度不同。由于抗真菌药物的广泛应用,抗真菌药物的耐药性正在增加。感染RVVK的危险因素有:抗生素治疗、免疫缺陷、胃肠道疾病、避孕药、皮质类固醇、妇女荷尔蒙失调、过敏性疾病。最近的研究表明,念珠菌病的多因素原因,特别是不平衡的阴道菌群组成和遗传易感性。对抗真菌药物的耐药性正在增加,尤其是对临床最常用的氟康唑的耐药性。免疫调节机制的作用反映在阴道免疫活性的降低上。有报道称,在RVVC女性中,toll样受体(TLR)基因发生了变化。此外,交叉素可导致阴道炎症过程延长。目前,甘露糖结合凝集素基因多态性在女性RVVK患者中的相关研究课题。这些变化可能是复发的一个原因。甘露糖结合凝集素的检测是一个有前景的研究领域。科学界对这种病理的研究越来越感兴趣。在出版物中描述了RVVK的诊断,病原体的物种组成,危险因素,激素的影响和遗传易感性。
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引用次数: 0
PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF ZEOLITE CONTAINING GEOMIN FORTE IN THE TREATMENT OF COVID-19 AND POST COVID-19 CONDITION 含地黄沸石在新型冠状病毒及后冠状病毒治疗中的应用前景
Pub Date : 2022-02-23 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/28022022/7781
Marina Giorgobiani, Nana Gorgaslidze, Aliosha Bakuridze, Lasha Bakuridze, Nodar Sulashvili
The aim of the research was to study and analyze peculiarities and prospects for the use of zeolite containing Geomin Forte in the treatment of covid-19 and post covid-19 condition. Antioxidants are substances that the human body constantly needs in order to maintain it in a normal state, which means maintaining the necessary balance between free oxidative radicals and antioxidant forces, the role of which is played by antioxidants.Vitamin E increases the body's nonspecific resistance, and by activating the synthesis of cytokines, tocopherol stimulates its own anti-inflammatory activity. The effect of vitamin E is to stimulate the reproduction of immune cells, systems that need to quickly multiply when they meet the source of a possible disease. In the body, this process is called mitogenesis.The pharmacodynamic effects of tocopherol are synergistic when combined with vitamins C and A. Retinol provides formation of immune (protective) cells, lining respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract, serving as a natural barrier to infection. Medicine will enhance possibilities of adaptation of the organism to the changed environment, because, in many cases, it is very difficult to protect the population from the impact of the negative factor (including ionizing radiation, natural disasters, etc.) According the study results “Geomin Forte” can be used during intoxications (used as the best sorbent for food, infectious, occupational intoxications, chronic metals and chronic exposure to radiation). As well as when the functional state of the immune system is impaired and fatigue and as an adjunct for allergic diseases. The mineral zeolite (clinoptilolite), the 500 mg activated clinoptilolite "Geomin Forte" developed by us is characterized by antioxidant action. Unlike the conventional antioxidants, it stimulates the body's endogenous antioxidant system and is a direct-acting oxidoreductive agent. Its activated natural mineral zeolite (clinoptilolite) acts directly on the cell membrane as a surface-active donor of electrons.With its oxidizing effect, "Geomin Forte" is 200 times more than vitamins C and E. Used in combination with antioxidant therapy in the context of standard treatment for the following diseases: Diabetes mellitus, accelerated aging process; alzheimer's disease; parkinson's disease; endocrine pathologies; atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease, hypertensive disease, stroke, rheumatism.
本研究的目的是研究和分析含Geomin Forte沸石在治疗covid-19和covid-19后病情中的特点和前景。抗氧化剂是人体不断需要的物质,以维持其处于正常状态,这意味着维持自由基和抗氧化力量之间的必要平衡,其中的作用是抗氧化剂。维生素E增加了身体的非特异性抵抗力,通过激活细胞因子的合成,生育酚刺激了自身的抗炎活性。维生素E的作用是刺激免疫细胞的繁殖,当免疫系统遇到可能的疾病源时,它们需要迅速繁殖。在体内,这个过程被称为有丝分裂。当与维生素C和a结合时,生育酚的药效学作用是协同的。视黄醇提供免疫(保护性)细胞的形成,覆盖呼吸道和胃肠道,作为感染的天然屏障。医学将增强生物体适应变化环境的可能性,因为在许多情况下,很难保护人群免受负面因素(包括电离辐射、自然灾害等)的影响。根据研究结果,“Geomin Forte”可以在中毒期间使用(作为食物、感染性、职业性中毒、慢性金属和慢性辐射暴露的最佳吸附剂)。以及当免疫系统的功能状态受损和疲劳时,作为过敏性疾病的辅助物。矿物沸石(斜发沸石),我们研制的500 mg活化斜发沸石“Geomin Forte”具有抗氧化作用。与传统的抗氧化剂不同,它刺激人体的内源性抗氧化系统,是一种直接作用的氧化剂。其活化的天然矿物沸石(斜发沸石)直接作用于细胞膜上,作为表面活性电子供体。“Geomin Forte”具有氧化作用,是维生素C和e的200倍以上。在标准治疗的背景下,与抗氧化疗法联合使用,用于以下疾病:糖尿病,加速衰老过程;阿尔茨海默病;帕金森病;内分泌疾病;动脉粥样硬化、缺血性心脏病、高血压、中风、风湿病。
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引用次数: 0
RELIABILITY OF VEHICLE VEHICLES AT THE STAGE OF PREPARATION 车辆在准备阶段的可靠性
Pub Date : 2022-02-23 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/28022022/7773
Dmytrychenko M. F., Богданов І. М
The reduction of the duration of running-in is most strongly influenced by the speed-power and technological factors. It was experimentally established that at specific loads of 0.15 – 3 MPa and tribopair velocities of 6 – 40 m/min (0.1 - 0.66 m/sec) and methods of surface hardening and surface hardening, nitrocementation and ion-plasma thermocyclic nitriding, a combination of speed, power and technological factors can reduce the running-in process by 1.5 - 2 times.A mathematical model has been developed that combines the components of these factors for the running-in process in relation to the reduction of the latter.The stand for experimental research of the tribotechnical system, which consists of an automatic gearbox with a magnetic brake, a power supply, a control panel and a PC, has been upgraded. The firmware is written in the Python programming language.For further research in the chosen direction, the application of wear-resistant coatings with a thickness of 3 … 10 μm by PVD methods containing nitrides and carbides is promising.
磨合时间的缩短受转速-功率和工艺因素的影响最大。实验结果表明,在比载荷为0.15 ~ 3mpa、摩擦副速度为6 ~ 40m /min (0.1 ~ 0.66 m/sec)的条件下,采用表面硬化、表面硬化、氮化和离子等离子体热循环氮化等方法,速度、功率和工艺因素综合作用可使磨合过程减少1.5 ~ 2倍。已经开发了一个数学模型,该模型将磨合过程中这些因素的组成部分与后者的减少相结合。由带磁制动器的自动变速箱、电源、控制面板和PC组成的摩擦技术系统实验研究台进行了升级。固件是用Python编程语言编写的。在该方向的进一步研究中,采用含氮化物和碳化物的PVD方法制备厚度为3…10 μm的耐磨涂层是很有前途的。
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引用次数: 0
FEATURES OF THE CLINIC AND DIAGNOSIS OF CROHN'S DISEASE IN CHILDREN AT THE PRESENT STAGE 现阶段儿童克罗恩病的临床特点及诊断
Pub Date : 2022-02-22 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/28022022/7779
Denisova M. F., Chernega N.V., Muzika N.N., Bukulova N.Y., Archakova T.N., Reminnaia N.T., Doroshenko O.A.
Based on a retrospective analysis of case histories, the article presents modern data on the features of the clinical course of Crohn's disease in childhood, laboratory, endoscopic and morphological markers of the disease. The symptomatology of Crohn's disease is described in the onset and in the period of the developed clinical picture, depending on the localization of the inflammatory process.
在回顾性分析病例史的基础上,本文介绍了儿童克罗恩病的临床病程特点、实验室、内镜和形态学指标的现代资料。克罗恩病的症状描述在发病和在发展的临床图片期间,取决于局部的炎症过程。
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引用次数: 0
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Pharmacy World & Science
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