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THE INFLUENCE OF ULTRASOUND ACTIVATION ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND HARDNESS OF POROUS Ni-Ti SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS 超声活化对多孔镍钛形状记忆合金显微组织和硬度的影响
Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30092022/7863
Dovchinvanchig Maashaa, Tsetsegmaa Agvaantseren, Baasanjargal Narmandakh, Vasili Vasilievich Rubanik, Vasili Vasilievich Rubanik Jr.
A Ni-Ti shape memory alloy with a porous structure is obtained by the method of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) and investigated the possibility of changing its microstructure and hardness. The research aimed to study the changes in the microstructure and hardness of the Ni-Ti shape memory alloy with a porous structure when the Ni and Ti metal powders are preliminarily subjected to ultrasound activation for different periods. The microstructure of the alloy surfaces was studied with using a Hitachi scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the hardness was measured with a Brinell electronic hardness tester. The results of the experiments showed that the porosity and hardness of the Ni-Ti alloy enlarged with an increase in the time of ultrasound activation of the components. The innovative aspect of this study is that prior to the synthesis of powder elements with a purity of Ni 99.9% and Ti 99.9% with an average particle size of 40 μm, they were previously subjected separately to ultrasound activation at different periods.
采用自蔓延高温合成(SHS)方法制备了具有多孔结构的Ni-Ti形状记忆合金,并研究了改变其显微组织和硬度的可能性。本研究旨在研究具有多孔结构的Ni-Ti形状记忆合金在不同时期对Ni和Ti金属粉末进行初步超声活化后,其显微组织和硬度的变化。采用日立扫描电镜(SEM)研究了合金表面的显微组织,用布氏硬度计测定了合金的硬度。实验结果表明,随着各组分超声活化时间的延长,Ni-Ti合金的孔隙率和硬度增大。本研究的创新之处在于,在合成Ni纯度为99.9%、Ti纯度为99.9%、平均粒径为40 μm的粉末元素之前,分别对其进行了不同时期的超声活化。
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引用次数: 0
THE NECESSITY OF INTRODUCTION THE DRUG INSURANCE SYSTEM IN ARMENIA 亚美尼亚引进药品保险制度的必要性
Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30092022/7871
Susanna Aghajanyan, Lusine Karapetyan, Arsen Petrosyan, Tatevik Vardanyan, Tigran Mikayelyan, Anna Ayvazyan, Gagik Hakobyan
The increase in the cost of the medicinal component of the treatment, the spread of chronic diseases, and the maintenance of socio-economic inequality in access to health services require the provision of adequate access to medicines. These issues create prerequisites for the improvement of the state health policy and, first, the drug supply system, which is an integral part of the treatment process. The financing of healthcare in Armenia is mainly formed from budget allocations and out of pocket expenditures of the population. Reducing the financial burden on the state and ensuring the rational use of drugs contributes to improving the health of the population. The implementation of a drug insurance scheme, which partially or fully cover the cost of drugs in RA, is one of the solutions for resolving the issue of access to medicines. This article studies the problems of financing healthcare system in Armenia and highlights the need of introduction a drug insurance system in Armenia
治疗药物费用的增加、慢性病的传播以及在获得保健服务方面社会经济不平等现象的维持,都要求提供充分的药品。这些问题为改进国家卫生政策创造了先决条件,首先是改进药物供应系统,这是治疗过程的一个组成部分。亚美尼亚的医疗保健资金主要来自预算拨款和居民自付支出。减轻国家的财政负担和确保药物的合理使用有助于改善人民的健康。实施药品保险计划,部分或全部支付RA中的药品费用,是解决获得药品问题的解决办法之一。本文研究了亚美尼亚医疗保健系统融资问题,并强调了在亚美尼亚引入药品保险制度的必要性
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引用次数: 0
HYDROCHEMICAL EXAMINATION OF MUASHI AND LENTEKHI MINERAL WATER OF LENTEKHI DISTRICT lentekhi地区muashi和lentekhi矿泉水的水化学检验
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30062022/7839
M. Chikovani, N. Megrelishvili, Anna Kvastiani
Our object of study was the mineral water of Lentekhi, a small town in the village of Muashi, Lentekhi district. Hydrochemical analysis of mineral water of Lentekhi, Muashi, was carried out by us for the first time. The content of Ca2+, Mg2+, ions, oxidation, dissolved oxygen, dry residue, and carbon dioxide has been studied by chemical methods.
我们的研究对象是Lentekhi的矿泉水,这是Lentekhi区Muashi村的一个小镇。本文首次对木石县Lentekhi矿泉水进行了水化学分析。用化学方法研究了Ca2+、Mg2+、离子、氧化、溶解氧、干渣和二氧化碳的含量。
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引用次数: 0
COMPUTER SIMULATION: TRAFFIC-RELATED AIR POLLUTION AND THE TRAFFIC SIGNAL CYCLE TIME OPTIMIZATION 计算机模拟:交通相关空气污染与交通信号周期时间的优化
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30062022/7822
Lkhamsuren Munkhtuya, Sharav Byambaa
Emissions from motor vehicles, one of the most important air pollution sources in the city, is emerging as a growing problem in large-scale cities. The amounts of emissions are affected by the number of vehicles in traffic, vehicle technology, geometric and traffic conditions of highways and intersections, and environmental factors. Traffic flow is mostly interrupted at Intersections in local traffic, especially in city centers. Emissions of these points, where traffic behavior is changed and vehicles stop and go, are higher as compared to uninterrupted flows. In this study, current state emissions at 120 Intersection were determined by SIDRA INTERSECTION software. Then, new emissions are determined by the same software after improvement in signalization. As a result of the study, fuel consumption and pollutant emissions were calculated before and after improvement. As a result of observations at the intersection, current state fuel consumption was calculated as 1718.2, l/hour, and CO2, CO, HC, and NOX emissions were 40464.7, 3.821, 0.482, and 5.060 kg/hour respectively for the morning. After that current state fuel consumption was calculated as 1492.1, l/hour, and CO2, CO, HC, and NOX emissions were 3522, 3.116, 0.406, and 3.246 kg/hour respectively for the evening. It has been determined that there were significant differences between the current state and after improvement. Improvements in geometric conditions or signalization at intersections may result in a decrease in vehicle emissions and improve the air quality in cities.
机动车排放是城市最重要的空气污染源之一,在大型城市日益成为一个日益严重的问题。排放量受交通车辆数量、车辆技术、高速公路和交叉路口的几何和交通状况以及环境因素的影响。交通流大多在当地交通的十字路口中断,特别是在城市中心。与不间断的车流相比,这些交通行为发生改变、车辆走走停停的地点的排放量更高。在本研究中,120个路口的当前状态排放由SIDRA Intersection软件确定。然后,对信号进行改进后,用相同的软件确定新的排放量。根据研究结果,计算了改进前后的油耗和污染物排放。根据在路口的观测结果,计算出当前状态油耗为1718.2 l/h,上午的CO2、CO、HC和NOX排放量分别为40464.7、3.821、0.482和5.060 kg/h。之后,计算当前状态油耗为1492.1 l/小时,当晚CO2、CO、HC和NOX排放量分别为3522、3.116、0.406和3.246 kg/小时。经测定,目前的状态与改进后的状态有显著差异。改善十字路口的几何条件或信号可以减少车辆排放,改善城市的空气质量。
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引用次数: 0
ERYTHROCYTES AGGREGABILITY AND INTRACARDIAC HEMODYNAMICS IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION 心房颤动患者的红细胞聚集性和心内血流动力学
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30062022/7840
M. Gotsadze, T. Kandashvili, Nugzar Narsia, M. Mantskava, N. Momtselidze
According to the World Health Organization the morbidity of atrial fibrillations is 1-2% of the general population, which is extremely high number due to the severity of the disease. The frequency of morbidity will increase by about 2.5 times (1). Namely, the unfavorable epidemiological picture of atrial fibrillation makes the project relevant. There are numerous studies, although intracardiac hemodynamics and hemorheologycal parameters and their role in the course of atrial fibrillation have not been studied; We have studied the hemorheological profile in patients with atrial fibrillation. Changes of rheological parameters and hemodynamics were assessed against the background of rhythm disturbances. We examined 50 patients (women-22, men - 28, the average age of 65±10) and 20 healthy volunteers. We have studied the Index of the Erythrocytes aggregability, which is the area of aggregated erythrocytes divided by the full area of the erythrocytes. These new innovative methods “Georgian Technique” is created by Georgian scientists and they are famous in the world as direct, numeral and exact [G. Mchedlishvili, 2004; N. Maeda, 2010; M. Mantskava M., 2011]. Also, all patients the studies: ECG, ECHOcardioscopy was performed. After statistical processing of the material, it was found that erythrocytes aggregability is highly impaired in patients with permanent and persistent forms of atrial fibrillation. Mean value of EAI is 41.7 ± 10.4 compared to the control group, where the average EAI value is within 25.6 ± 1.2. The Index of erythrocytes aggregability (EAI) are significantly increased in inverse proportion to the decrease of the left ventricular ejection fraction. A negative correlation was revealed between the Index of erythrocytes aggregation and the left ventricular ejection fraction (R=0.4); According to the obtained data, changes of rheological parameters deepen in the wake of disruption of intracardiac hemodynamics; This confirms the notion that a small blood vessel is the "target" in the case of atrial fibrillation. From hemodynamic mechanisms rheology plays an important role. They are determinants of hemodynamic processes in the body (2).
根据世界卫生组织的数据,房颤的发病率为总人口的1-2%,由于疾病的严重性,这是一个非常高的数字。发病频率将增加约2.5倍(1)。也就是说,心房颤动的不利流行病学情况使该项目具有相关性。有大量的研究,虽然心内血流动力学和血液流变学参数及其在房颤过程中的作用尚未研究;我们研究了房颤患者的血液流变学特征。在节律紊乱的背景下评估流变学参数和血流动力学的变化。我们检查了50例患者(女性22例,男性28例,平均年龄65±10岁)和20名健康志愿者。我们研究了红细胞聚集指数,它是红细胞聚集的面积除以红细胞的全部面积。这些新的创新方法“格鲁吉亚技术”是由格鲁吉亚科学家创造的,它们以直接、数字和精确而闻名于世。Mchedlishvili, 2004;N. Maeda, 2010;M. Mantskava, 2011]。同时,对所有患者进行心电图、超声心动图检查。在对资料进行统计处理后,发现永久性和持续性房颤患者的红细胞聚集性严重受损。对照组EAI平均值为41.7±10.4,对照组EAI平均值在25.6±1.2以内。红细胞聚集指数(EAI)与左室射血分数的降低成反比显著升高。红细胞聚集指数与左室射血分数呈负相关(R=0.4);根据所获得的数据,流变学参数的变化随着心内血流动力学的破坏而加深;这证实了小血管是心房颤动的“目标”。从血流动力学机制来看,流变学起着重要的作用。它们是体内血流动力学过程的决定因素(2)。
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引用次数: 0
ON THE ISSUE OF CREATING SOLAR DRYING PLANTS FOR THE PURPOSE OF OBTAINING DRIED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS 关于建立太阳能干燥装置以获得干燥农产品的问题
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30062022/7836
K. Archvadze, I. Chachava, Riva Liparteliani, Nanuli Khotenashvili, Z. Chubinishvili, Z. Tabukashvili
Three solar drying plants are offered – convective, large-sized, and sheet solar drying plants. The advantages of using solar devices for drying agricultural products compared with natural drying in the open air are shown. Products dried in a solar dryer have high consumer properties, the vitamin composition is preserved as much as possible in dried products, enzymes and microorganisms are inactivated, and they are also stored longer than products dried by natural drying in the open air. The high air temperature in the solar dryer significantly reduces the drying time of raw materials by 2.5-4.5 times compared to traditional drying in the sun. Solar dryers are located on any site oriented to the south in order to maximize the radiant flow of solar energy. Convective and sheet solar dryers are easy and convenient for transportation, during the day they can be moved and rotated to the sun. A large-sized helio drying device is offered mainly for small peasant farms. The proposed dryers are simple to manufacture and can be used on farms and private farms.
提供三种太阳能干燥设备-对流,大型和片状太阳能干燥设备。与露天自然干燥相比,利用太阳能装置干燥农产品的优点被展示出来。在太阳能干燥机中干燥的产品具有很高的消费性能,在干燥产品中尽可能多地保存维生素成分,酶和微生物被灭活,并且它们也比在露天自然干燥的产品储存时间更长。太阳能干燥机内的高空气温度,使原料的干燥时间比传统的日光干燥时间缩短了2.5-4.5倍。太阳能烘干机位于朝向南方的任何地点,以便最大限度地利用太阳能的辐射流。对流和片状太阳能干燥机便于运输,白天可以移动和旋转到太阳。大型日光干燥装置主要为小农农场提供。提议的干燥机制造简单,可用于农场和私人农场。
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引用次数: 0
CLINICAL-MORPHOLOGICAL, INTRAOPERATIVE STUDY OF BONE TISSUE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PURULENT OTITIS MEDIA 慢性化脓性中耳炎骨组织的临床形态学及术中研究
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30062022/7823
Xakimjonova Azizaxon Sodiqjon qizi, Mukhitdinov Ulugbek Bashrullaevich, Karataeva Lola Abdullaevna
The article includes data from our clinical and morphological study of bone tissue in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media, which are important for physicians, especially pediatricians, therapists, and the study of this problem in otolaryngology remains an open question.
本文包括我们对慢性化脓性中耳炎患者骨组织的临床和形态学研究的数据,这对医生,特别是儿科医生,治疗师来说是重要的,耳鼻喉科对这一问题的研究仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。
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引用次数: 0
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OF CURD CUTTING EQUIPMENT 凝乳切割设备的实验结果
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30062022/7837
Amgalanzul Jargalsaikhan, Damdinsuren Luvsansuren, Baatarkhuu Dorjsuren
In order to cut the curd prepared in the traditional way in a short time and evenly, a curd cutting device was developed and the distance between the wires of the device was determined depending on the shrinkage coefficient of the curd. The cow's milk of a herder household in Tuv aimag is processed in the traditional way, yoghurt is prepared, the curd is placed on a yam cloth and pumped to a moisture content of 60%. Samples with the same amount of cut curd were dried in a desiccator at 50 ° C for 10 h and the weight and moisture content were determined every hour. As a result of the drying test, the weight of the curd stabilized after 7 hours, and the moisture content reached 20%, reaching the standard value. The linear size of the curds sampled after drying decreased by 16 to 23 percent and the linear shrinkage coefficient of the curds was 0.0274.
为了在短时间内均匀地切割传统凝乳,研制了一种凝乳切割装置,并根据凝乳的收缩系数确定了该装置的丝距。Tuv aimag牧民家庭的牛奶以传统方式加工,制作酸奶,将凝乳放在山药布上并泵送至60%的水分含量。将等量的凝乳样品放入干燥器中,在50℃下干燥10 h,每小时测定一次重量和水分含量。经干燥试验,7小时后凝乳重量稳定,含水率达到20%,达到标准值。干燥后的凝乳线性尺寸减小了16% ~ 23%,凝乳的线性收缩系数为0.0274。
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引用次数: 0
RATIONALIZING THE TECHNICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF SEA BUCKTHORN REFINING EQUIPMENT 优化沙棘精制设备的工艺参数
Pub Date : 2022-06-29 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30062022/7838
Ganbold Dagvadorj, Тuvshinjargal Dorjsuren, Baatarkhuu Dorjsuren
Conforming the severe continental weather, wild sea buckthorn clasps in a 14-thousand-hectare area around the river basin, the valley of Mongolia. Moreover, sea buckthorn was planted in 3900 hectares of field, 1.701.278 kg of sea buckthorn was harvested as of 2018. People tend to spend more time and man force refining the sea buckthorn from the waste matter. Thus, the authors set the goal to invent the refining equipment for sea buckthorn and rationalize the parameters f the equipment. For instance, the equipment refines 3.5kg of fruit, blast speed is 10 m/sec, and winnowing fluctuation is 80 min-1. Also, we defined the optimal value and made mathematical modeling of the refinement degree of the sea buckthorn.
顺应恶劣的大陆性气候,野生沙棘生长在蒙古河谷流域周围1.4万公顷的土地上。此外,沙棘种植面积3900公顷,截至2018年收获沙棘1.701.278公斤。人们往往花费更多的时间和人力从废料中提炼沙棘。为此,提出了研制沙棘精制设备并对设备参数进行优化设计的目标。例如,该设备可精炼3.5kg水果,鼓风速度为10m /s,开窗波动为80 min-1。确定了沙棘精细化度的最优值,并建立了沙棘精细化度的数学模型。
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引用次数: 0
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE GRAY-BROWN SOILS OF THE COAST OF THE APSHERON PENINSULA 阿普舍隆半岛海岸灰褐色土壤的环境评价
Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30062022/7832
Aliyeva Narmina Tofik, Sadigov Ramil Ali, Abdullaeva Maya Yadigar, Ibragimov Sattar Kamal
The article presents data on the morphogenetic features of soils, presents the characteristics of ecological factors of the coast in the villages of Turkan and Shikhovo of the Apsheron Peninsula. The analysis of the granulometric composition of gray-brown soils, as well as the diagnostic composition of the soil of the coastal zone of the Apsheron Peninsula, was carried out. The article analyzes the diagnostic indicators of two soil sections taken from the characteristic places of the studied regions, and gives a comparative description of the results obtained, as well as presents the indicators of the granulometric composition of soil sections.
本文介绍了阿普舍隆半岛土尔坎村和施霍沃村的土壤形态发生特征,并介绍了海岸生态因子的特征。对阿普舍隆半岛海岸带灰褐色土壤的颗粒组成进行了分析,并对土壤的诊断成分进行了分析。本文分析了选取研究区特色地点的两种土壤剖面的诊断指标,并对所得结果进行了对比描述,提出了土壤剖面的粒度组成指标。
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引用次数: 1
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Pharmacy World & Science
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